CN220199079U - Low-cost new forms of energy car motor controller power framework and car - Google Patents
Low-cost new forms of energy car motor controller power framework and car Download PDFInfo
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- CN220199079U CN220199079U CN202321513471.3U CN202321513471U CN220199079U CN 220199079 U CN220199079 U CN 220199079U CN 202321513471 U CN202321513471 U CN 202321513471U CN 220199079 U CN220199079 U CN 220199079U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a low-cost new energy vehicle motor controller power supply framework and a vehicle, which comprise a low-voltage side power supply framework and a high-voltage side power supply framework, wherein the low-voltage side safety framework is powered by KL30 and executes corresponding low-voltage safety monitoring; the high-voltage side power supply framework comprises a high-voltage side safety module for monitoring the state of a high-voltage system, and the power supply input of the high-voltage side safety module is supplied with power through a high-voltage power supply converted by a high-voltage battery. The utility model has the advantages that: the low-voltage 5V power supplies at the high and low voltage sides are provided in a mutually independent and redundant manner, so that the independence and redundancy of power supply at the two sides are ensured, and the stability and reliability of the framework are ensured; the 5V power supply at the high voltage side adopts the 5V power supply obtained by high voltage input through LDO conversion, so that the cost generated by newly added storage batteries and other parts is avoided, and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of new energy automobile power supplies, in particular to a low-cost new energy automobile motor controller power supply framework which accords with ISO26262 ASIL C.
Background
Along with popularization of new energy vehicles, special safety requirements of the new energy vehicles are paid more and more attention. The safety requirements of the new energy motor controller include torque safety, high-voltage safety and high-voltage device thermal safety. Torque security is the most demanding, both for the developer, the user, and the third party. Implementation of torque security requires design of a low voltage power supply power architecture for various driver chips associated with torque control. The power supply design is a key ring in the hardware security architecture, and directly affects the hardware cost and the security. The prior art takes into account redundancy, such as setting a plurality of low-voltage power supplies to supply power to various safety control chips, so that the motor controllers can be controlled, and the safety work of the system is ensured.
The patent application number 202111438080.5 discloses a dual-power redundancy backup architecture and a control method thereof, wherein the dual-power redundancy backup architecture comprises a distributor, an HNS1 circuit and an HNS2 circuit, wherein a main line of the HNS1 circuit and a main line of the HNS2 circuit are respectively connected with a power isolator in series and then are connected with the distributor, and a BFD module is arranged among a load on the HNS1 circuit, a main battery and the HNS1 of the power isolator; BFD modules are arranged among the load on the HNS2 line, the secondary battery and the power isolator HNS 2. The utility model adopts a double-power redundancy design scheme, ensures that the function degradation can be realized when the whole vehicle fails, and provides enough taking over time for a driver. Although the technology disclosed in the patent can realize redundancy safety guarantee, the technology adopts a main battery, a secondary battery and the like to realize excessive redundancy, thereby increasing the cost.
For the field of motor controllers, power supply comprises power supply and driving of IGBT in the motor controller and power supply of various safety components, the design needs to ensure the purpose of redundancy safety, and cost is saved as much as possible, and the prior art meets the redundancy safety but has no consideration of cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a low-cost new energy vehicle motor controller power supply framework which meets the purpose of redundancy and safety and realizes the low-cost power supply framework.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: the low-cost new energy vehicle motor controller power supply framework comprises a low-voltage side power supply framework and a high-voltage side power supply framework, wherein the low-voltage side safety framework is powered by KL30 and performs corresponding low-voltage safety monitoring; the high-voltage side power supply framework comprises a high-voltage side safety module for monitoring the state of a high-voltage system, and the power supply input of the high-voltage side safety module is supplied with power through a high-voltage power supply converted by a high-voltage battery.
The low-voltage side power supply framework comprises a low-voltage side safety module, and the low-voltage side safety module adopts KL30 power supply to supply power after conversion and monitors the safety state of the low-voltage side.
The low-voltage side power supply architecture also comprises a small battery input filtering module, an SBC system basic safety chip, a singlechip and a Sepic buck-boost power supply; the KL30 power supply is input to the input end of the small battery input filtering module, and the output end of the small battery input filtering module is connected to the SBC system basic safety chip and the Sepic buck-boost power supply through the efuse respectively; the SBC system basic safety chip is used for outputting a multi-rail power supply, and the outputted SBC power supply is respectively used for supplying power to the singlechip, the high-side IGBT isolation driving chip and the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip; the high-side IGBT isolation driving chip and the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip are used for receiving a control chip of the singlechip to drive an IGBT of the motor controller;
the low-voltage side safety module is used for collecting and monitoring fault signals of the SCM and the SBC system basic safety chip, and the output end of the low-voltage side safety module is connected to the high-side IGBT isolation driving chip and the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip;
the Sepic buck-boost power supply outputs stable direct current power supplies to the input ends of the high-side IGBT isolation driving auxiliary power supply and the low-side IGBT isolation driving auxiliary power supply respectively, and the high-side IGBT isolation driving auxiliary power supply and the low-side IGBT isolation driving auxiliary power supply are used for respectively supplying power to the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm of the IGBT of the motor controller.
The high-voltage side power supply framework also comprises a high-voltage redundancy safety power supply and an LDO chip, wherein high voltage is input into the high-voltage redundancy safety power supply, the high-voltage redundancy safety power supply converts high voltage into a low-side IGBT isolation driving auxiliary power supply for supplying power to a lower bridge arm of the motor controller IGBT, and the output end of the high-voltage redundancy safety power supply is respectively connected to the input end of the LDO chip and the power supply end driven by the low-side IGBT after passing through an anti-reflection diode D2 and a fuse F1; and the output end of the LDO chip outputs high-voltage side low-voltage power supply to the high-voltage side safety module.
The low-side IGBT isolation driving chip is provided with ASC function, and the output end of the high-voltage side safety module outputs an ASC control signal to the control end of the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip.
A new energy automobile comprises the low-cost new energy automobile motor controller power supply framework.
The utility model has the advantages that: the low-voltage 5V power supplies at the high and low voltage sides are provided in a mutually independent and redundant manner, so that the independence and redundancy of power supply at the two sides are ensured, and the stability and reliability of the framework are ensured; the 5V power supply at the high voltage side adopts the 5V power supply obtained by high voltage input through LDO conversion, so that the cost generated by newly added storage batteries and other parts is avoided, and the cost is reduced; independent safety state monitoring and safety state switching are realized through a safety redundant power supply at the high-voltage side, and the safety monitoring at the high-voltage side can be realized without the operation of a master control singlechip at the low-voltage side; the safety path at the low-voltage side and the safety path at the high-voltage side are not mutually dependent on the condition of power supply of the opposite power supply, so that the mutual independence and reliable power supply of the low-voltage power supply in the framework are ensured.
Drawings
The contents of the drawings and the marks in the drawings of the present specification are briefly described as follows:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply architecture according to the present utility model.
The reference numerals in the drawings are respectively: 1. the small battery is input into the filtering module; 2. an SBC system basic security chip; 4. a single chip microcomputer; 3. a Sepic step-up and step-down power supply; 5. a low-voltage side safety module; 6. high-side IGBT isolation driving chip; 7. high-side IGBT isolation driving auxiliary power supply; 8. the low-side IGBT isolates the driving auxiliary power supply; 9. a low-side IGBT isolation driving chip; 10. a high-voltage side safety module; 11. a high voltage safety power supply; 12. IDO chip.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the utility model refers to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the utility model in further detail.
The low-cost new energy vehicle motor controller power supply architecture which accords with ISO26262 ASIL C is redesigned based on the defects of excessive redundancy and excessive cost of the motor controller in the prior art, the safety path of the low-voltage side and the safety path of the high-voltage side are not mutually dependent on the condition of power supply of the opposite power supply, and the power supply is reliable and low in cost. The specific scheme comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 1, a low-cost new energy vehicle motor controller power architecture includes a low-voltage side power architecture and a high-voltage side power architecture;
the low-voltage side safety framework supplies power through KL30 and performs corresponding low-voltage safety monitoring;
the high-voltage side power supply architecture comprises a high-voltage side safety module for monitoring the state of a high-voltage system, and the power supply input of the high-voltage side safety module is supplied with power by a low-voltage power supply converted by a high-voltage battery.
The low-voltage side power supply framework comprises a low-voltage side safety module, a small battery input filtering module, an SBC system basic safety chip, a singlechip and a Sepic buck-boost power supply; the low-voltage side safety module adopts KL30 power supply to supply power after conversion and monitors the safety state of the low-voltage side.
The KL30 power supply of the automobile is input to the input end of the small battery input filtering module, and the output end of the KL30 power supply is connected to the SBC system basic safety chip and the Sepic buck-boost power supply through efuse respectively; the SBC system basic safety chip is used for outputting a multi-rail power supply, and the outputted SBC power supply is respectively used for supplying power to the singlechip, the high-side IGBT isolation driving chip and the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip; the high-side IGBT isolation driving chip and the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip are used for receiving a control chip of the singlechip to drive an IGBT of the motor controller; the low-voltage side safety module is used for collecting and monitoring fault signals of the SCM and the SBC system basic safety chip, and the output end of the low-voltage side safety module is connected to the high-side IGBT isolation driving chip and the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip;
the Sepic buck-boost power supply outputs stable direct current power supplies to the input ends of the high-side IGBT isolation driving auxiliary power supply and the low-side IGBT isolation driving auxiliary power supply respectively, and the high-side IGBT isolation driving auxiliary power supply and the low-side IGBT isolation driving auxiliary power supply are used for respectively supplying power to the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm of the IGBT of the motor controller.
The high-voltage side power supply framework comprises a high-voltage side safety module, a high-voltage redundancy safety power supply and an LDO chip, wherein high voltage is input into the high-voltage redundancy safety power supply, the high-voltage redundancy safety power supply converts high voltage into a low-side IGBT isolation driving auxiliary power supply for supplying power to a lower bridge arm of the motor controller IGBT, and the output end of the high-voltage redundancy safety power supply is respectively connected to the input end of the LDO chip and the power supply end driven by the low-side IGBT after passing through an anti-reflection diode D2 and a fuse F1; and the output end of the LDO chip outputs high-voltage side low-voltage power supply to the high-voltage side safety module.
In the application, the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip is a low-side IGBT isolation driving chip with ASC function, and the output end of the high-voltage side safety module outputs an ASC control signal to the control end of the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip and is used for controlling the starting and closing of the ASC function of the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip with ASC function.
In the application, the 5V low voltage at the low voltage side and the 5V low voltage at the high voltage side respectively adopt different paths for power supply; the low-voltage side safety module belongs to a monitoring chip and is used for monitoring the state of the system and outputting a corresponding alarm or turn-off signal to realize the turn-off of the low-voltage side related module, such as monitoring a singlechip and an SBC power supply, and timely switching off the IGBT drive of the motor controller when a fault occurs; the high-voltage side safety module is also a safety monitoring chip and is used for monitoring the state of a motor and/or the state of a battery at the high-voltage side, and when the motor and/or the battery at the high-voltage side fail, a control signal can be output to the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip with ASC function to control the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip with ASC function to execute the ASC function so as to protect the IGBT driving. When the system works, the low-voltage side safety module is powered by the SBC, monitors the safety state of the low-voltage side, can realize timely control of faults or other safety accidents, and outputs a driving chip corresponding to the motor controller IGBT; the high-voltage side safety module is also powered by the high-voltage side independently and realizes the monitoring function, the two safety modules are mutually redundant to realize the same monitoring purpose, the requirement of safety redundancy is met, and meanwhile, the high-voltage side is powered by high-voltage conversion, so that certain cost can be reduced.
The utility model comprises the following components: the input filter circuit of the low-voltage battery, the SBC system basic safety power supply circuit and the SEPIC power supply; (4) the single chip microcomputer, (5) the low-voltage side safety module is powered by 5V output of the SBC; an isolation power supply for driving a high-side IGBT at the output rear end of the SPEIC; insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) isolation driving chip; an isolation power supply for driving a low-side IGBT at the output rear end of the SPEIC; IGBT isolation driving chip with ASC function at high voltage side; a high-voltage side safety module; a high voltage redundant safety power supply; high side 5V safety power supply. The functions of the components are as follows:
the input filter circuit 1 of the low-voltage battery is mainly used for optimizing EMC performance and suppressing surge;
the SBC system basic safety power supply circuit 2 is mainly used for multi-rail power supply output, power supply for a master control singlechip and state monitoring of a master control chip, has a monitoring protection function for the multi-rail power supply, and can meet the requirements of ASIL D in general.
The SEPIC power supply 3 is used for supplying power to the IGBT driving power supply and the spin-variation excitation circuit, and has the characteristics of wide input range and stable output.
The singlechip 4 is used for executing basic tasks of motor control, executing a safety state when necessary and outputting corresponding control signals to the motor.
The low-voltage side safety module 5 executes a safety state when the singlechip is in failure or the SBC is abnormal, and correspondingly outputs a control signal to the high-voltage side and low-voltage side isolation IGBT driving chip through state monitoring of the singlechip and monitoring of an SBC power supply;
the auxiliary power supply 7/8 is an insulated power supply for IGBT driving at the output rear end of the SPEIC; the driving power supply is divided into two paths of driving power supplies with high side and low side, and the driving power supply respectively supplies power for the upper bridge arm of the IGBT and the lower bridge arm of the IGBT.
And the high/low-voltage side isolation IGBT driving chip 6/9 is used for receiving the PWM signal sent by the singlechip and correspondingly driving the IGBT.
The high side safety module 10 is used for detecting and feeding back high voltage events which can violate functional safety targets, and performing winding active short circuit functions on low side IGBT driving.
A high-voltage redundant safety power supply 11, which is obtained by direct voltage reduction of high voltage, and supplies power to a safety path component at the high voltage side under the condition that the power supply at the low voltage side fails, so as to ensure implementation of a safety state; the low-voltage power supply circuit can be composed of a DCDC or other voltage-reducing circuits, and can reduce the high voltage to 12V and supply low-voltage power for driving the low-side IGBT. The IDO chip 12 is a 12V-to-5V IDO chip, and is used for converting 12V into stable 5V to supply power for the high-voltage side safety chip, so that the stability of the high-voltage side safety module of the system is ensured.
The power supply architecture mainly adopts different low-voltage power supplies which are independent of each other to supply power to a high-voltage side and a low-voltage side, so that the characteristics of redundancy and low cost are realized, and the working flow of the utility model is as follows:
1) If the input of the small battery is normal, namely the low-voltage side power supply KL30 works normally, the system works normally and provides normal working electricity;
2) If KL30 is normal and SBC power supply 2 is abnormal, the path of the safety power supply is single chip microcomputer 4, low-voltage safety module 5, auxiliary power supply 7/8, high/low-voltage side isolation IGBT driving chip 6/9, through which IGBT driving can be turned off by safety measures, such as using fault protection signals of SBC.
3) If the KL30 is powered down or the Spice power supply is not functional, the safety path at the low voltage side will fail due to no power supply, that is, the singlechip cannot operate the IGBT driving chip, so as to realize normal operation or switch the safety state. The safe operation of the circuit requires that the operation power is supplied by means of the safe redundant power supply 11, 12 on the high voltage side, whereby the switching of the safe state is achieved, in which case the high voltage side safety module is realized by means of ASC functions.
4) If the high-voltage safety power supply and the IDO chips 11 and 12 are abnormal and cannot supply power, the low-side power supply can ensure that the safety state is directly executed after the event against the safety target is diagnosed, and the safety module at the low-voltage side controls the motor controller IGBT to act according to the monitoring state of the vehicle so as to realize the protection function.
The advantage of this scheme lies in:
firstly, independent safety state monitoring and safety state switching are realized through a safety redundant power supply at a high-voltage side, and the safety state monitoring and safety state switching can be realized without the operation of a master control singlechip at a low-voltage side.
Second, the safety path on the low-voltage side and the safety path on the high-voltage side do not depend on each other to supply power.
Compared with other schemes, the application has the advantages that: other schemes generally need to implement a high-voltage backup power supply to supply power to the low-voltage side, such as high-voltage independent power-on, and the singlechip is also started, which conflicts with the existing state machine scheme of the new energy motor controller and needs special treatment; at the same time, other conflict problems brought by the scheme are more troublesome. If much logic is needed on the state judgment to solve the conflict problem. The circuit cost is low: because of the adoption of the local redundancy design, the cost can be saved compared with other all redundancy designs, but the requirement of ASIL C on high-voltage safety can be met.
It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present utility model is not limited by the above-mentioned modes, and that it is within the scope of protection of the present utility model only to adopt various insubstantial modifications made by the method conception and technical scheme of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a low-cost new forms of energy car motor controller power frame which characterized in that: the power supply system comprises a low-voltage side power supply framework and a high-voltage side power supply framework, wherein the low-voltage side safety framework is powered by KL30 and performs corresponding low-voltage safety monitoring; the high-voltage side power supply framework comprises a high-voltage side safety module for monitoring the state of a high-voltage system, and the power supply input of the high-voltage side safety module is supplied with power through a high-voltage power supply converted by a high-voltage battery.
2. The low cost new energy vehicle motor controller power architecture of claim 1, wherein: the low-voltage side power supply framework comprises a low-voltage side safety module, and the low-voltage side safety module adopts KL30 power supply to supply power after conversion and monitors the safety state of the low-voltage side.
3. A low cost new energy vehicle motor controller power architecture as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the low-voltage side power supply architecture also comprises a small battery input filtering module, an SBC system basic safety chip, a singlechip and a Sepic buck-boost power supply; the KL30 power supply is input to the input end of the small battery input filtering module, and the output end of the small battery input filtering module is connected to the SBC system basic safety chip and the Sepic buck-boost power supply through the efuse respectively; the SBC system basic safety chip is used for outputting a multi-rail power supply, and the outputted SBC power supply is respectively used for supplying power to the singlechip, the high-side IGBT isolation driving chip and the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip; the high-side IGBT isolation driving chip and the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip are used for receiving a control chip of the singlechip to drive an IGBT of the motor controller;
the low-voltage side safety module is used for collecting and monitoring fault signals of the SCM and the SBC system basic safety chip, and the output end of the low-voltage side safety module is connected to the high-side IGBT isolation driving chip and the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip;
the Sepic buck-boost power supply outputs stable direct current power supplies to the input ends of the high-side IGBT isolation driving auxiliary power supply and the low-side IGBT isolation driving auxiliary power supply respectively, and the high-side IGBT isolation driving auxiliary power supply and the low-side IGBT isolation driving auxiliary power supply are used for respectively supplying power to the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm of the IGBT of the motor controller.
4. A low cost new energy vehicle motor controller power architecture as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the high-voltage side power supply framework also comprises a high-voltage redundancy safety power supply and an LDO chip, wherein high voltage is input into the high-voltage redundancy safety power supply, the high-voltage redundancy safety power supply converts high voltage into a low-side IGBT isolation driving auxiliary power supply for supplying power to a lower bridge arm of the motor controller IGBT, and the output end of the high-voltage redundancy safety power supply is respectively connected to the input end of the LDO chip and the power supply end driven by the low-side IGBT after passing through an anti-reflection diode D2 and a fuse F1; and the output end of the LDO chip outputs high-voltage side low-voltage power supply to the high-voltage side safety module.
5. A low cost new energy vehicle motor controller power architecture as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip is provided with ASC function, and the output end of the high-voltage side safety module outputs an ASC control signal to the control end of the low-side IGBT isolation driving chip.
6. The utility model provides a new energy automobile which characterized in that: the automobile comprises the low-cost new energy automobile motor controller power supply framework as claimed in any one of claims 1-5.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321513471.3U CN220199079U (en) | 2023-06-14 | 2023-06-14 | Low-cost new forms of energy car motor controller power framework and car |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202321513471.3U CN220199079U (en) | 2023-06-14 | 2023-06-14 | Low-cost new forms of energy car motor controller power framework and car |
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| CN202321513471.3U Active CN220199079U (en) | 2023-06-14 | 2023-06-14 | Low-cost new forms of energy car motor controller power framework and car |
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