CN220140120U - Micro-ditch punching and earthing device on ridge and potato dry-farming seeder comprising same - Google Patents
Micro-ditch punching and earthing device on ridge and potato dry-farming seeder comprising same Download PDFInfo
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- CN220140120U CN220140120U CN202321427573.3U CN202321427573U CN220140120U CN 220140120 U CN220140120 U CN 220140120U CN 202321427573 U CN202321427573 U CN 202321427573U CN 220140120 U CN220140120 U CN 220140120U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a micro-ditch hole-punching and soil-covering device on a ridge and a potato dry-farming planter comprising the same. The micro-ditch punching and soil covering device on the ridge can simultaneously complete functions of micro-ditch punching, micro-ditch soil covering and the like; the micro-ditch full-film covered potato dry-farming seeder on the ridge can complete the functions of fertilization, seeding, ridging, micro-ditch forming, film covering, micro-ditch punching, micro-ditch soil covering and the like at one time, the micro-ditches can be covered with soil on holes at the same time after being punched, rainwater is gathered into the micro-ditches, and the rainwater seeps through the covered soil and flows into the ridge from the punched holes, so that the effects of saving water, increasing yield, improving efficiency and the like of the dry-farming potatoes are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a micro-ditch on-ridge punching and earthing device and a potato dry-farming seeder comprising the same, belonging to the technical field of potato planting parties.
Background
The Wulan scout is a typical dry farming agricultural area, the current dry land of China has a seeding area of more than 700 tens of thousands of mu, and accounts for more than 70% of the total seeding area, and the foundation for developing dry farming agriculture is superior. The potatoes are crops with the largest planting area in dry farming, and the technical improvement of the dry farming potatoes has great significance for farmers to produce and live.
In order to improve products, the existing dry land adopts a film-covered ridge micro-ditch planting technology, after the ground is ridged, small ditches are built on the ridge, the moisture content of soil on the ridge is improved, meanwhile, a plastic film is used for covering, a rain collecting surface is increased, precipitation on the ridge surface is concentrated and overlapped to the micro-ditches and the large ditches on the ridge, and the precipitation utilization efficiency is remarkably improved compared with that of common full-film double-furrow sowing. However, the existing agricultural machinery, such as the patent with application number 201310364429.4, can integrally complete the operations of fertilization, seeding, ridging and film covering for planting on the common ridge, but cannot complete the operations of micro-ditch forming, micro-ditch punching and micro-ditch soil covering, so that the operations of micro-ditch forming, punching, soil covering and the like still need to be manually completed, and the efficiency is low and the uniformity is poor. And the existing agricultural machinery is poor in film laying flatness, and film damage is easily caused by wind blowing.
Potato black nevus (rhizoctonia solani) is a disease caused by rhizoctonia solani, which often causes tuber rot, seed rot and stem death, and can occur during the whole growth period. The disease on the stem first produces reddish brown long disease spots near the ground, and then gradually expands, and the periphery of the stem base is blackened and the epidermis is rotten. As the guide tissue is destroyed, the leaves gradually become withered, yellow and curled, and the plants are easy to incline, lodge and die. At present, the prevention and treatment of potato black nevus mainly takes the prevention and treatment of spraying medicines in the growing period as main components, and the prevention and treatment effect is very little.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a micro-ditch punching and earthing device on a ridge and a potato dry-farming seeder comprising the micro-ditch punching and earthing device, and an agricultural machine matched with a dry-farming potato can finish micro-ditch forming, micro-ditch punching and micro-ditch earthing operation while finishing fertilization, seeding, ridging and film covering operations, so that the production efficiency is improved, and the flatness and stability of a mulching film are improved; by processing the potato seed blocks, the potato black nevus disease and the like can be effectively prevented and treated, and the yield and the product quality of the potatoes are improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
the micro-ditch on the ridge punching and earthing device comprises a soil collecting cylinder, a soil guiding cylinder, a soil collecting disc, a soil guiding groove, a guide plate, a connecting rod and a mounting shaft;
the number of the soil guide cylinders and the soil collecting discs is two, the soil guide cylinders and the soil collecting discs are in one-to-one correspondence, the center of the soil collecting disc is provided with a connecting hole, and the soil collecting disc is provided with driving shifting teeth arranged along the outer periphery (outer ring periphery) of the soil collecting disc;
one end of each of the two soil guide cylinders is respectively butted at two ends of the soil collecting cylinder, and the other ends of the two soil guide cylinders are respectively butted with the corresponding connecting holes of the soil collecting disc (the soil collecting disc is in a flared shape which gradually expands outwards); the side wall of the soil collecting cylinder is provided with more than one soil flowing port, and the outer side of the soil flowing port is provided with a perforated plate;
the soil guide grooves are arranged on the inner side of the soil collecting discs, and at least two soil guide grooves are arranged in each soil collecting disc; one end of the soil guiding groove is communicated with the periphery of the soil collecting disc, and the other end of the soil guiding groove is communicated with the soil guiding cylinder;
the guide plates are arranged in the soil guide cylinders, at least two guide plates are arranged in each soil guide cylinder, the number of the guide plates in the soil guide cylinders is equal to that of the soil guide grooves in the soil collecting tray connected with the guide plates (the soil guide cylinders) and corresponds to that of the soil guide grooves in the soil collecting tray one by one (namely, the number of the guide plates in the soil guide cylinders and the soil collecting tray connected with each other is equal to that of the soil guide grooves in the soil guide cylinders and corresponds to that of the soil guide grooves one by one), one end of each guide plate is connected with the corresponding soil guide groove of the corresponding guide plate, and the other end of each guide plate is led into the soil collecting tray;
the soil collecting cylinder, the soil guiding cylinder and the soil collecting disc are coaxially arranged; the installation shaft is positioned at the axle center position of the inner side of the soil collecting cylinder, the soil guiding cylinder and the soil collecting disc, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the installation shaft, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the inner side of the soil guiding cylinder and/or the soil collecting disc.
The utility model relates to a butt joint, which is characterized in that connecting ports of two parts are aligned and connected together to form a through whole.
When the potato seedling planting machine is used, the micro-ditch punching and earthing device on the ridge is rotationally connected to the frame through the mounting shaft, namely, under the driving of the frame, the micro-ditch punching and earthing device on the ridge can roll, the soil collecting cylinder faces to the micro-ditch position, the driving poking teeth on the soil collecting disc can punch holes on the edge of a mulching film (the interval between the soil collecting discs is smaller than the width of the mulching film), and the first earthing disc is arranged at the downstream of the micro-ditch punching and earthing device on the ridge and plays a role of fixing the edge film by soil pressing (covering the punched holes at the same time), so that the stability of the mulching film can be ensured, and rainwater infiltration is facilitated to meet the requirement of potato growth; the second earthing disc is arranged on two sides of the micro-ditch perforating earthing device on the ridge, part of the lifted soil is conveyed to the soil guiding groove of the soil collecting disc in the rolling process by the second earthing disc, the soil entering the soil guiding groove enters the soil collecting cylinder along the guide plate, and when the soil collecting cylinder rolls downwards to the perforating plate, the mulching film on the micro-ditch is perforated, and meanwhile, the soil in the soil collecting cylinder flows out from the soil flowing port to be covered on the perforated hole, so that the functions of fixing and protecting are achieved.
As one preferable implementation scheme, the soil collecting cylinder comprises a straight cylinder section and two horn cylinders, wherein one end of each horn cylinder is a large opening, the other end of each horn cylinder is a small opening, and the large openings of the two horn cylinders are respectively butted at the two ends of the straight cylinder section; the soil guiding cylinders are of straight cylinder structures, and small openings of the two horn cylinders are respectively connected with one ends of the two soil guiding cylinders; the diameter of the straight barrel section on the soil collecting barrel is larger than that of the soil guiding barrel; the diameter of the straight section of the soil collecting cylinder is smaller than that of the soil collecting disc; the outer sides of the soil collecting cylinder, the soil guiding cylinder and the soil collecting disc form a ridge shape with a section of M, the ridge shape corresponds to the shape of micro-furrows on the ridge, and the soil flowing opening is arranged on the side wall of the straight cylinder section.
The large mouth of the horn tube refers to one end with larger caliber, the small mouth refers to one end with smaller caliber, and the direction from the large mouth to the small mouth of the horn tube is in a tapered structure.
Preferably, the distance between the outer edges of the two soil collecting discs is 900+/-50 mm; the axial length of the straight section of the soil collecting cylinder is 120+/-10 mm; the total length of the soil collecting cylinder is 275+/-10 mm; the axial length of the soil guide cylinder is 125+/-10 mm;
in order to improve the water utilization rate, two square soil flowing openings which are symmetrically arranged are arranged on the side wall of the soil collecting cylinder.
In order to simplify the structure, ensure stability and meet punching requirements, the punching plates are of triangular structures, two punching plates are arranged on each soil flowing port, one sides of the two punching plates are welded on two opposite sides of the soil flowing port respectively, namely the two punching plates are welded on two opposite sides of the soil flowing port mutually, and the welding sides of the punching plates are perpendicular to the axial direction of the soil collecting barrel.
The section of the soil guiding groove is of a V-shaped structure; each soil collecting tray is internally provided with 3-5 soil guiding grooves.
When the micro-ditch forming device rolls to the highest position of the soil guiding groove with the height of more than 1/2 (of the soil guiding groove), the soil guiding groove and the guide plate corresponding to the soil guiding groove are in a gradually downward inclined state, namely, the soil guiding groove and the guide plate corresponding to the soil guiding groove are gradually downward inclined in the direction from the soil collecting disc to the soil collecting cylinder, so that soil in the soil guiding groove flows into the soil collecting cylinder along the guide plate. Because the position of the soil guiding groove relative to the soil collecting disc is fixed, the height of the soil guiding groove changes along with the rolling of the soil collecting disc in the rolling process, and the highest position of the soil guiding groove refers to the position of the micro-groove forming device on the ridge, and the micro-groove forming device rolls to the top of the soil guiding groove in the soil collecting disc.
In order to improve the stability of connection, the quantity of connecting rod is 6, just divide into two sets of, and 3 in every group, and two sets of connecting rods are connected respectively at the both ends of installation axle, and 3 connecting rods in each group are equiangular arrangement, and installation axle is connected to connecting rod one end, the other end is connected at the guide soil inboard.
A potato dry-farming planter with micro-furrows on ridges and full film coverage comprises a frame and a seed sowing mechanism, wherein a fertilizing box, a sowing groove, a potato seed hopper and a drip irrigation frame are sequentially arranged on the top of the frame from front to back; the seed metering mechanism is of an annular circulating structure and is positioned in the seed sowing groove and the seed potato hopper at the same time, and seed taking scoops which are arranged at equal intervals are arranged on the seed metering mechanism; the bottom of the frame is provided with a fertilizing boot, a sowing furrow opener, a ridging disc, a mulching film roller, two side touch pressing wheels which are oppositely arranged and two first earthing discs which are oppositely arranged in sequence from front to back, wherein the fertilizing boot is positioned below the fertilizing box, and the furrow opener is positioned below the sowing groove; the device also comprises the micro-ditch perforating and earthing device on the ridge, a micro-ditch shaper, a second earthing disc, a micro-ditch pressing wheel on the ridge, a film spreading roller and a seat;
the micro-ditch forming device is arranged between the ridging disc and the mulching film roller at the bottom of the frame, and the bottom of the micro-ditch forming device is in a fan-shaped structure; the micro-ditch punching and earthing device on the ridge is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the frame through a mounting shaft and is positioned between the edge mould pressing wheel and the first earthing disc; the number of the second earthing disks is two, and the two second earthing disks are arranged at the bottom of the frame and are respectively positioned at two sides of the micro-ditch punching earthing device on the ridge; the two micro-groove pressing wheels on the ridges are arranged oppositely, and the two micro-groove pressing wheels on the ridges are arranged at the bottom of the frame and are positioned between the two side mould pressing wheels; the film spreading roller is arranged at the bottom of the frame through a bracket and is positioned at the bottom of the mulching film roller; the seat is arranged at the top of the frame between the seed potato hopper and the drip irrigation frame.
The direction from back to front of the utility model is consistent with the walking direction of the farm machinery when in use.
The furrow opener is used for furrowing a mulching film. The micro-groove forming device is used for forming micro-grooves on the ridges and is of an angle and height adjustable structure.
Above-mentioned set up the seat in the frame between seed potato hopper and drip irrigation frame, the operating personnel of being convenient for sit and inspect the seed metering mechanism and get the seed potato in the seed spoon on the seat to adjust seed potato piece direction, avoid leaking the circumstances such as seed simultaneously, improved operating personnel's travelling comfort.
The two sides of the frame are provided with driving wheels, the fertilizing box and the seed sowing mechanism can be driven by the driving wheels to fertilize and sow potatoes, and the driving wheels, the fertilizing box and the seed sowing mechanism are driven by a gear chain structure, so that the speed of the vehicle and the fertilizing and seed discharging speed can be coordinated by adjusting the size of a gear disk. The front end of the frame is connected with a tractor, the tractor drives a ridging disc to carry out ridging and earthing, ridging shaping and micro-ditch shaping are carried out through a micro-ditch shaper, then the mulching film is flattened through a film spreading roller, the mulching film is laid jointly through a side film pressing roller and a micro-ditch film covering pressing roller, and finally the micro-ditch film covering shaper and the first and second earthing discs jointly complete film side earthing, micro-ditch punching, micro-ditch earthing and mulching film earthing compacting.
The center of the seed taking spoon is provided with a stable through hole. Plays a role in stabilizing ventilation. The diameter of the stabilizing through hole is smaller than that of the seed potato, namely the seed potato cannot leak out of the stabilizing through hole. The front end of the frame is provided with two lower suspensions and an upper suspension. That is, the front end of the frame is connected with the power equipment (tractor) in a three-point suspension manner.
A planting method of dry-farming potatoes comprises the following steps:
1) Cutting potato seeds, soaking the potato seeds in a first medicament for 20-30 min, blowing and drying at room temperature, soaking the potato seeds in a second medicament for 30-50 min before planting, and blowing and drying at room temperature; the first medicament seed dressing comprises 8-12 parts of penflufen, 5-8 parts of 4-aminobutyric acid, 20-30 parts of amino-oligosaccharin and 10000 parts of water, and the second medicament comprises 20-30 parts of azoxystrobin, 10-15 parts of polyethylene glycol, 10-15 parts of calcium ascorbate and 10000 parts of water;
2) The front end of a frame of the potato dry-farming seeder with the micro-furrows covered on the ridge is connected with a tractor, driving wheels are arranged on two sides of the frame, a fertilizing box and a seeding mechanism are driven to fertilize and sow potatoes, a ridging disc is driven to carry out ridging and soil covering in the advancing process of the tractor, ridge shaping and micro-furrows shaping are carried out through a micro-furrow shaper, a mulching film is flattened through a film spreading roller, the mulching film is laid by a side film pressing roller and a micro-furrow film covering pressing roller, micro-furrowing punching and micro-furrowing soil covering are completed through the micro-furrowing film covering shaper and a second soil covering disc, micro-furrowing soil covering covers holes formed by punching the micro-furrows on the mulching film, and finally film side soil covering is completed through a first soil covering disc. Thereby completing the earth covering and compacting of the mulching film.
During seed cutting, the disinfection of the cutter should be noted: the method comprises the steps of selecting small potato seeds with the weight of less than 50g for sowing, cutting the small potato seeds with the weight of more than 50g into pieces, arranging 35-50 g for each potato seed, sterilizing the cutter in the seed cutting process, preparing 2 cutters, immersing the cutters in 75% alcohol solution, immersing one cutter into the sterilizing solution after the other cutter is used for cutting one potato seed, and alternately carrying out the seed cutting to prevent diseases from spreading in the seed cutting process.
All operations of the present utility model were completed at room temperature.
In the step 1), the two-step medicament treatment can effectively initiate the plant diseases and insect pests and promote the sprouting and the growth after the planting, and meanwhile, nutrition can be provided, and the cooperation among the medicaments is obvious. The penflufen has the effects of sterilizing and preventing and controlling diseases; 4-aminobutyric acid is a four-carbon non-protein amino acid and is derived from plants, and the inventor finds that the 4-aminobutyric acid has the effect of promoting germination and can also provide nutrition required by potato development; the amino-oligosaccharin has the effects of improving plant stress resistance and preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests; and the 4-aminobutyric acid, the amino-oligosaccharin and the penflufen have obvious interaction effect. The azoxystrobin has the effect of preventing and controlling fungal diseases, and can promote the growth of potatoes and enhance the preventing and controlling effect of diseases and insect pests through the compound use of the azoxystrobin and polyethylene glycol 600 and calcium ascorbate.
The pretreatment of the potato seeds in the step 1) can effectively prevent the black nevus disease in the seedling stage, improve the emergence rate and improve the yield; and the dosage of the medicament is small.
The potato is planted on two sides of the ridge so as to meet the soil requirement of tuber growth, and the potato yield is remarkably improved.
Because the water consumption of the potatoes is large and the underground water is severely reduced, the water is preserved and the temperature is increased in a film coating mode; the micro-groove punching is used for raining, and rainwater flows into the V-groove and flows below the membrane; the micro-furrows are covered by the soil covering to cover the holes formed by punching the micro-furrows on the mulching film, so that the phenomenon that the poured film is torn by wind blowing is avoided.
The potatoes are planted on two sides of the ridge, and the interval between the potatoes on two sides is 400+/-20 mm.
The technology not mentioned in the present utility model refers to the prior art.
According to the micro-ditch punching and earthing device on the ridge, through the structural design, functions of micro-ditch punching, micro-ditch earthing and the like can be simultaneously completed during rolling; the micro-ditch full-film covered potato dry-farming seeder on the ridge can complete the functions of fertilization, seeding, ridging, micro-ditch forming, film covering, micro-ditch punching, micro-ditch soil covering and the like at one time, realizes the integrated function, improves the efficiency and uniformity of farming, can cover soil on holes at the same time after the micro-ditch is punched, gathers rainwater into the micro-ditches, and the rainwater seeps through the cover soil to flow into the ridge from the punched holes so as to achieve the effects of saving water, increasing yield, improving efficiency and the like of the dry-farming potatoes, and also can play a role of fixing a mulching film.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a micro-groove hole-punching and soil-covering device (perspective, the installation shaft and the bottom hole-punching plate are omitted);
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of FIG. 1 (see-through with the mounting shaft and perforated plate omitted);
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the micro-groove punching and soil covering device on the ridge on a potato dry farming planter with the micro-groove full film covering on the ridge;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a potato dry-farming planter with micro-furrows on ridges and full film coverage according to the present utility model (eliminating the need for edge contact press wheels, first soil-covering circles, second soil-covering discs, etc.);
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram II of a structure of the micro-groove hole-punching and soil-covering device (without a mounting shaft and a soil collecting disc);
FIG. 6 is a left side view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of FIG. 5;
in the figure, 1 is a soil collecting cylinder, 101 is a soil flowing port, 102 is a punching plate, 2 is a soil guiding cylinder, 3 is a soil collecting disc, 301 is a driving poking tooth, 4 is a soil guiding groove, 5 is a guide plate, 6 is a connecting rod, 7 is an on-ridge micro-groove, 8 is a frame, 801 is a lower suspension, 802 is an upper suspension, 803 is a pedal, 9 is a fertilization box, 10 is a sowing groove, 11 is a seed potato hopper, 12 is a drip irrigation frame, 13 is a fertilization boot, 14 is a sowing furrow opener, 15 is a ridging disc, 16 is a mulching film roller, 17 is a side touch press roller, 18 is a second earthing disc, 19 is a micro-groove punching earthing device, 20 is a micro-groove shaper, 21 is an on-ridge micro-groove press roller, 22 is a film spreading roller, and 23 is a seat.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present utility model, the following examples are further illustrated, but are not limited to the following examples.
In each case, the penflufen is purchased from Shanghai Yichen chemical technology Co., ltd, and the purity is 95+; 4-aminobutyric acid was purchased from the Sieve Biotechnology Co., ltd, white powder, content 99%; the amino-oligosaccharin is purchased from Hebei Tianbang biotechnology Co., ltd, model ztzq-20, and has an effective content of 3wt% and is water aqua; azoxystrobin is purchased from Shanghai Honghai technology Co., ltd, and has a purity of 98.0% and white crystals; polyethylene glycol 600 was purchased from the sea-safe petrochemical plant in Jiangsu province; calcium ascorbate was purchased from Zhejiang Jia Heng Biotechnology Co.
Experimentally: wu Lancha the steps of finding Ha Eryou the earlier stage flat spring;
example 1
1-2, the micro-ditch punching and earthing device on the ridge comprises a soil collecting cylinder, a soil guiding cylinder, a soil collecting disc, a soil guiding groove, a guide plate, a connecting rod and a mounting shaft;
the number of the soil guide cylinders and the soil collecting discs is two, the soil guide cylinders and the soil collecting discs are in one-to-one correspondence, the center of the soil collecting disc is provided with a connecting hole, and the soil collecting disc is provided with driving poking teeth arranged along the outer periphery of the soil collecting disc (soil collecting disc);
one end of each of the two soil guide cylinders is respectively butted at two ends of the soil collecting cylinder, and the other ends of the two soil guide cylinders are respectively butted with the corresponding connecting holes of the soil collecting disc; two square soil flowing openings which are symmetrically arranged are arranged on the side wall of the soil collecting cylinder, and perforated plates are arranged on the outer sides of the soil flowing openings;
the soil guide grooves are arranged on the inner side of the soil collecting discs, and 3 soil guide grooves are arranged in each soil collecting disc; one end of the soil guiding groove is communicated with the periphery of the soil collecting disc, and the other end of the soil guiding groove is communicated with the soil guiding cylinder;
the guide plates are arranged in the soil guide cylinders, 3 guide plates are arranged in each soil guide cylinder, the guide plates in the soil guide cylinders are in one-to-one correspondence with the soil guide grooves in the soil collecting tray connected with the guide plates, one end of each guide plate is connected with the corresponding soil guide groove (the guide plate) and the other end of each guide plate is led into the soil collecting cylinder;
the soil collecting cylinder, the soil guiding cylinder and the soil collecting disc are coaxially arranged; the installation shaft is located the axle center position of album soil section of thick bamboo, lead a soil section of thick bamboo and collection soil dish inboard, and installation shaft is connected to connecting rod one end, and the other end is connected at a lead a soil section of thick bamboo inboard.
Example 2
On the basis of example 1, the following modifications were further made: as shown in fig. 1-2, the soil collecting cylinder comprises a straight cylinder section and two horn cylinders, one end of each horn cylinder is a large opening, the other end of each horn cylinder is a small opening, and the large openings of the two horn cylinders are respectively butted at the two ends of the straight cylinder section; the soil guiding cylinders are of straight cylinder structures, and small openings of the two horn cylinders are respectively connected with one ends of the two soil guiding cylinders; the diameter of the straight barrel section on the soil collecting barrel is larger than that of the soil guiding barrel; the diameter of the straight section of the soil collecting cylinder is smaller than that of the soil collecting disc; the outer sides of the soil collecting cylinder, the soil guiding cylinder and the soil collecting disc form a ridge shape with a section of M, and the soil flowing port is arranged on the side wall of the straight cylinder section. The distance between the outer edges of the two soil collecting discs is 900mm; the axial length of the straight section of the soil collecting cylinder is 120mm; the total length of the soil collecting cylinder is 275mm; the axial length of the soil guide cylinder is 125mm;
example 3
On the basis of example 2, the following modifications were further made: the perforated plate is of a triangular structure, each soil flowing port is provided with two perforated plates, one sides of the two perforated plates are welded on two opposite sides of the soil flowing port respectively, and the welding sides of the perforated plates are perpendicular to the axial direction of the soil collecting cylinder. The section of the soil guiding groove is of a V-shaped structure; each soil collecting disc is internally provided with 3 soil guiding grooves. When the micro-groove forming device rolls to the highest position of the soil guiding groove with the height larger than 1/2, the soil guiding groove and the guide plate corresponding to the soil guiding groove are gradually inclined downwards.
Example 4
Unlike example 3, the following is: the side wall of the soil collecting cylinder is provided with three square soil flowing openings which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, as shown in figures 5-7, the installation shaft and the soil collecting disc are omitted.
Example 5
On the basis of example 3, the following modifications were further made: the quantity of connecting rod is 6, and divide into two sets of, and every 3, and two sets of connecting rods are connected respectively at the both ends of installation axle, and 3 connecting rods in each group are equiangular arrangement, and installation axle is connected to connecting rod one end, the other end is connected at the guide soil section of thick bamboo inboard.
A potato dry-farming planter with micro-furrows on ridges and full film coverage comprises a frame and a seed sowing mechanism, wherein a fertilizing box, a sowing groove, a potato seed hopper and a drip irrigation frame are sequentially arranged on the top of the frame from front to back; the seed metering mechanism is of an annular circulating structure and is positioned in the seed sowing groove and the seed potato hopper at the same time, seed taking scoops which are arranged at equal intervals are arranged on the seed metering mechanism, and a stable through hole is formed in the center of each seed taking scoop; the bottom of the frame is provided with a fertilizing boot, a sowing furrow opener, a ridging disc, a mulching film roller, two side touch pressing wheels which are oppositely arranged and two first earthing discs which are oppositely arranged in sequence from front to back, wherein the fertilizing boot is positioned below the fertilizing box, and the furrow opener is positioned below the sowing groove; the device also comprises the micro-ditch perforating and earthing device on the ridge, a micro-ditch shaper, a second earthing disc, a micro-ditch pressing wheel on the ridge, a film spreading roller and a seat;
the micro-groove forming device is arranged between a ridging disc and a mulching film roller at the bottom of the frame, the bottom of the micro-groove forming device is in a fan-shaped structure, the micro-groove forming device is used for forming micro-grooves on ridges and is in an angle and height-adjustable structure (for example, the top of the micro-groove forming device is hinged at the bottom of the frame, one end of a cylinder is hinged at the bottom of the frame, the other end of the cylinder is hinged with the micro-groove forming device, and the micro-groove forming device is driven to rotate through the telescopic driving of the cylinder so as to realize the adjustment of the height and the angle); the micro-ditch punching and earthing device on the ridge is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the frame through a mounting shaft and is positioned between the edge mould pressing wheel and the first earthing disc; the number of the second earthing disks is two, and the two second earthing disks are arranged at the bottom of the frame and are respectively positioned at two sides of the micro-ditch punching earthing device on the ridge; the two micro-groove pressing wheels on the ridges are arranged oppositely, and the two micro-groove pressing wheels on the ridges are arranged at the bottom of the frame and are positioned between the two side mould pressing wheels; the film spreading roller is arranged at the bottom of the frame through a bracket and is positioned at the bottom of the mulching film roller; the seat is arranged at the top of the frame between the seed potato hopper and the drip irrigation frame, and the frame at the bottom of the seat is provided with a pedal. A seat is arranged on a frame between the seed potato hopper and the drip irrigation frame, an operator sits on the seat to check the seed potato direction in the seed metering spoon of the seed metering mechanism, the conditions of seed leakage and the like are avoided, and the comfort of the operator is improved.
The front end of the frame is provided with two lower suspensions and an upper suspension, and the front end of the frame is connected with the tractor through a three-point suspension (two lower suspensions and one upper suspension) mode.
Deep ploughing the test land for 30-35 cm in the last ten days of 4 months, and then fertilizing, seeding and film laying according to the following operation:
1) Cutting potato seeds, soaking the potato seeds in a first medicament for 25min, blowing and drying by a fan at room temperature, soaking the potato seeds in a second medicament for 40min before planting, and blowing and drying by the fan at room temperature; the first medicament seed dressing comprises 10 parts of penflufen, 6 parts of 4-aminobutyric acid, 25 parts of amino-oligosaccharin and 10000 parts of water, and the second medicament comprises 25 parts of azoxystrobin, 600 parts of polyethylene glycol, 13 parts of calcium ascorbate and 10000 parts of water;
2) The drive wheels are arranged at two sides of the frame, the fertilization box and the seed sowing mechanism are driven to fertilize and sow potatoes, and the fertilization (N: p: k is 15:15:15) is 240 kg/mu, the potatoes are planted on two sides of the ridge, the sowing depth is 10cm, and the interval between the potatoes on two sides is 400mm; the tractor advancing process drives the ridging disc to carry out ridging earthing, ridge shaping and micro-ditch shaping are carried out through the micro-ditch shaper, the mulching film is flattened through the film spreading roller, the side film pressing roller and the micro-ditch film covering pressing roller are used for jointly completing mulching film laying, micro-ditch punching and micro-ditch earthing are completed through the micro-ditch film covering shaper and the second earthing plate, the micro-ditch earthing is used for punching holes formed on the mulching film to cover the micro-ditch, and finally the first earthing plate is used for completing film side earthing, so that mulching film earthing compacting is completed, the flatness of the film is good, the stability is good, and no film lifting and film damage are caused during a test. The width of the large ridge is 900mm, the height is 150mm, the depth of the micro-groove is 80mm, and the width of the top of the micro-groove is 275mm. The interval between two adjacent ridges is 200mm. The mulching film is black mulching film with thickness of 0.01mm and width of 1500mm, and is covered on the whole ground. The number of seedlings is 3500 per mu, 1500kg of farmyard manure is applied in the flowering period, and 60 tons of water is used in the total period of full growth. The potato skin obtained in this example was light yellow and smooth, the flesh was white, and the shape was oblong.
Comparative example 1
Step 1) was omitted, i.e. the seed potato slices were not subjected to the chemical treatment, and the remainder were as described in example 4.
Comparative example 2
Cutting potato seeds, soaking the potato seeds in a first medicament for 5 hours, blowing and drying by a fan at room temperature, and blowing and drying by the fan at room temperature after soaking the potato seeds in a second medicament for 12 hours before planting; the first medicament seed dressing comprises 10 parts of penflufen and 10000 parts of water, the second medicament comprises 25 parts of azoxystrobin and 10000 parts of water, and the rest is referred to in the example 4.
Comparative example 3
Cutting seed potatoes, soaking the seed potatoes in a first medicament for 5 hours, and blowing and drying the seed potatoes by a fan at room temperature, wherein the first medicament comprises 10 parts of penflufen, 6 parts of 4-aminobutyric acid, 25 parts of amino-oligosaccharin and 10000 parts of water; the remainder were as described in example 4.
Comparative example 4
Cutting the potato seeds into pieces, soaking the potato seed pieces in a second medicament for 12 hours before planting, and then opening a fan to blow and dry the potato seed pieces at room temperature; the second medicament comprises 25 parts of azoxystrobin, 600 parts of polyethylene glycol, 13 parts of calcium ascorbate and 10000 parts of water; the remainder were as described in example 4.
Experimental varieties: ji Zhangshu 12 the conditions for each example were the same, 3 test fields each were used, and each test field was 1 mu, and the test results are shown in the following table.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a micro-furrowing earthing device that punches on ridge which characterized in that: comprises a soil collecting cylinder (1), a soil guiding cylinder (2), a soil collecting disc (3), a soil guiding groove (4), a guide plate (5), a connecting rod (6) and a mounting shaft;
the number of the soil guide cylinders (2) and the soil collecting discs (3) is two, the soil guide cylinders (2) and the soil collecting discs (3) are in one-to-one correspondence, the center of the soil collecting disc (3) is provided with a connecting hole, and the soil collecting disc (3) is provided with driving poking teeth (301) arranged along the outer periphery of the soil collecting disc;
one end of each of the two soil guide cylinders (2) is respectively butted at two ends of the soil collecting cylinder (1), and the other ends of the two soil guide cylinders (2) are respectively butted with the corresponding connecting holes of the soil collecting disc (3); the side wall of the soil collecting cylinder (1) is provided with more than one soil flowing port (101), and the outer side of the soil flowing port (101) is provided with a perforated plate (102);
the soil guide grooves (4) are arranged on the inner side of the soil collecting discs (3), and at least two soil guide grooves (4) are arranged in each soil collecting disc (3); one end of the soil guide groove (4) is communicated with the periphery of the soil collecting disc (3), and the other end is communicated with the soil guide cylinder (2);
the guide plates (5) are arranged in the soil guide cylinders (2), at least two guide plates (5) are arranged in each soil guide cylinder (2), the number of the guide plates (5) in the soil guide cylinders (2) is equal to the number of the soil guide grooves (4) in the soil collecting disc (3) connected with the guide plates in a one-to-one correspondence manner, one ends of the guide plates (5) are connected with the corresponding soil guide grooves (4), and the other ends of the guide plates are led into the soil collecting cylinders (1);
the soil collecting cylinder (1), the soil guiding cylinder (2) and the soil collecting disc (3) are coaxially arranged; the installation shaft is positioned at the axle center position of the inner side of the soil collecting barrel (1), the soil guiding barrel (2) and the soil collecting disc (3), one end of the connecting rod (6) is connected with the installation shaft, and the other end is connected with the inner side of the soil guiding barrel (2) and/or the soil collecting disc (3).
2. The on-ridge micro-groove punching and earthing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the soil collecting cylinder (1) comprises a straight cylinder section and two horn cylinders, wherein one end of each horn cylinder is a large opening, the other end of each horn cylinder is a small opening, and the large openings of the two horn cylinders are respectively butted at the two ends of the straight cylinder section; the soil guiding cylinders (2) are of straight cylinder structures, and small openings of the two horn cylinders are respectively connected with one ends of the two soil guiding cylinders (2); the diameter of the straight barrel section on the soil collecting barrel (1) is larger than that of the soil guiding barrel (2); the diameter of the straight barrel section on the soil collecting barrel (1) is smaller than the diameter of the soil collecting disc (3); the outer sides of the soil collecting cylinder (1), the soil guiding cylinder (2) and the soil collecting disc (3) form a ridge shape with a section of M, and the soil flowing port (101) is arranged on the side wall of the straight cylinder section.
3. The on-ridge micro-groove punching and earthing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the distance between the outer edges of the two soil collecting discs (3) is 900+/-50 mm; the axial length of the straight section of the soil collecting cylinder (1) is 120+/-10 mm; the total length of the soil collecting cylinder (1) is 275+/-10 mm; the axial length of the soil guiding cylinder (2) is 125+/-10 mm.
4. The micro-groove punching and earthing device on a ridge according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: two square soil flowing ports (101) which are symmetrically arranged or three square soil flowing ports (101) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the side wall of the soil collecting cylinder (1); the perforated plates (102) are of triangular structures, each soil flowing port (101) is provided with two perforated plates (102), one side of each perforated plate (102) is welded on two opposite sides of the soil flowing port (101), and the welding sides of the perforated plates (102) are perpendicular to the axial direction of the soil collecting barrel (1).
5. The micro-groove punching and earthing device on a ridge according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the section of the soil guiding groove (4) is of a V-shaped structure; 3-5 soil guide grooves (4) are arranged in each soil collecting disc (3); when the micro-groove forming device (20) rolls to the highest position of the soil guiding groove (4) with the height larger than 1/2, the soil guiding groove (4) and the guide plate (5) corresponding to the soil guiding groove (4) are gradually inclined downwards.
6. The micro-groove punching and earthing device on a ridge according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the number of the connecting rods (6) is 6, the connecting rods are divided into two groups, each group is 3, the two groups of connecting rods (6) are respectively connected to two ends of the installation shaft, the 3 connecting rods (6) in each group are arranged at equal angles, one end of each connecting rod (6) is connected with the installation shaft, and the other end of each connecting rod is connected to the inner side of the soil guiding cylinder (2).
7. A potato dry-farming seeder comprises a frame (8) and a seed sowing mechanism, wherein a fertilizing box (9), a seeding groove (10), a potato seed hopper (11) and a drip irrigation frame (12) are sequentially arranged at the top of the frame (8) from front to back; the seed metering mechanism is of an annular circulating structure and is positioned in the seed sowing groove (10) and the seed potato hopper (11) at the same time, and seed taking scoops which are arranged at equal intervals are arranged on the seed metering mechanism; a fertilizing boot (13), a sowing furrow opener (14), a ridging disc (15), a mulching film roller (16), two side-touch pressing wheels (17) which are oppositely arranged and two first earthing discs which are oppositely arranged are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the frame (8) from front to back, wherein the fertilizing boot (13) is positioned below the fertilizing box (9), and the furrow opener is positioned below the sowing groove (10); the method is characterized in that: the device for perforating and covering the micro-furrows on the ridge, disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 6, a micro-furrow shaper (20), a second soil covering disc (18), a micro-furrow pressing wheel (21) on the ridge, a film spreading roller (22) and a seat (23);
the micro-groove forming device (20) is arranged between a ridging disc (15) at the bottom of the frame (8) and the mulching film roller (16), and the bottom of the micro-groove forming device (20) is in a fan-shaped structure; the micro-ditch punching and earthing device on the ridge is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the frame (8) through a mounting shaft and is positioned between the side mould compacting wheel (17) and the first earthing disc; the number of the second earthing disks (18) is two, and the two second earthing disks (18) are arranged at the bottom of the frame (8) and are respectively positioned at two sides of the micro-ditch punching earthing device on the ridge; two micro-groove press wheels (21) on the ridges are oppositely arranged, and the two micro-groove press wheels (21) on the ridges are arranged at the bottom of the frame (8) and are positioned between the two edge die press wheels (17); the film spreading roller (22) is arranged at the bottom of the frame (8) through a bracket and is positioned at the bottom of the mulching film roller (16); the seat (23) is arranged at the top of the frame (8) between the seed potato hopper (11) and the drip irrigation frame (12).
8. The potato dry-farming planter of claim 7, wherein: a stable through hole is arranged in the center of the seed taking spoon; the front end of the frame (8) is provided with two lower suspensions (801) and an upper suspension (802).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321427573.3U CN220140120U (en) | 2023-06-07 | 2023-06-07 | Micro-ditch punching and earthing device on ridge and potato dry-farming seeder comprising same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321427573.3U CN220140120U (en) | 2023-06-07 | 2023-06-07 | Micro-ditch punching and earthing device on ridge and potato dry-farming seeder comprising same |
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| CN220140120U true CN220140120U (en) | 2023-12-08 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321427573.3U Active CN220140120U (en) | 2023-06-07 | 2023-06-07 | Micro-ditch punching and earthing device on ridge and potato dry-farming seeder comprising same |
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| CN (1) | CN220140120U (en) |
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- 2023-06-07 CN CN202321427573.3U patent/CN220140120U/en active Active
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