CN220117579U - Ecological building block containing river sediment - Google Patents
Ecological building block containing river sediment Download PDFInfo
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- CN220117579U CN220117579U CN202320891684.3U CN202320891684U CN220117579U CN 220117579 U CN220117579 U CN 220117579U CN 202320891684 U CN202320891684 U CN 202320891684U CN 220117579 U CN220117579 U CN 220117579U
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- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 2
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 9
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012272 crop production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008121 plant development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003403 water pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses an ecological building block containing river sediment, which sequentially comprises four layers from bottom to top, wherein the first layer is a sediment layer, the compressive strength of the first layer is more than 0.2MPa, and the average thickness is 100-400 mm; the second layer is a clay layer with an average thickness of 80mm-120mm; the third layer is a crushed stone layer with the average thickness of 60-100mm; the fourth layer is a planting soil layer, and the average thickness is 100-200mm; the ecological block can be used for plant planting and growth, can realize in-situ resource utilization of river sediment, avoids secondary pollution to the environment caused by sediment treatment, reduces the sediment treatment cost, and has good economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of black and odorous water body treatment, in particular to an ecological building block containing river bottom mud.
Background
At present, the filling material of the ecological block is mainly broken stone, block stone or pebble, a large amount of stone is required to be transported from the outside for preparing the ecological block, the cost is high, and all the sediment excavated from the river is required to be treated in an ectopic manner.
River or lake sediment (or sludge) is an important carrier of water pollutants, which typically contain large amounts of nutrients and heavy metals. A large amount of river sediment can be produced during the treatment of black and odorous water bodies and the dredging of rain and flood drainage channels, and the reduction, harmless and recycling treatment of the sediment is a problem which needs to be solved currently. The existing treatment ex-situ treatment technology for river bottom mud is wide in application, and the treatment method mainly comprises composting, ocean dumping, sanitary landfill, agricultural greening and the like. Composting is the treatment of substrate sludge by means of microbial decomposition of organic waste, but composting generally requires a large area and is costly to transport and dispose of. Ocean dumping is a simple and economical disposal method, but can pollute the ocean and threaten the ocean ecosystem. Sanitary landfills are developed on the basis of traditional landfills, and although the sanitary landfills are low in cost and quick in effect, the sanitary landfills only delay the generation time of environmental pollution. Agricultural greening refers to that the substrate sludge is used for farmland fertilization, greening construction and the like, the substrate sludge is rich in various organic nutrients, and the concentration of organic matters is high, so that if the substrate sludge can be reasonably utilized, the soil structure can be improved, the soil fertility can be improved, and the crop growth can be promoted, however, as the substrate sludge also contains a large amount of harmful components, the soil can be polluted after application, the crop production is influenced, and further the human health is endangered, the substrate sludge can be used after being treated, a large amount of cost is definitely increased, and if the pollution of the substrate sludge of a river channel is serious, the treatment difficulty is increased, the application requirement of the method is also difficult to reach, and the application of the method is greatly limited. The centralized sediment disposal method has the defects of large engineering quantity, high treatment cost, secondary pollution, difficult subsequent sediment treatment and resource waste.
Some patents report a treatment method of sediment, CN108164106A discloses a curing method based on resource utilization of waste biomass and river pollution sediment, and the preparation method comprises the steps of 1, tamping common clay to obtain a substrate, wherein the thickness is determined according to the water content of the river sediment; 2. selecting crushed rice straw or wheat straw to be paved on the basal layer, wherein the diameter of the paved layer is at least smaller than that of the basal layer by 1cm; 3. spreading river pollution bottom mud with different water contents on rice straws or wheat straws, wherein the spreading diameter of the bottom mud is at least 1cm smaller than the diameter of the basal layer; 4. fully and uniformly stirring the tiled substrate sludge and the rice straw or wheat straw at the lower layer, and intensively stacking the substrate sludge and the rice straw or wheat straw at the central position of the substrate layer; 5. covering a layer of clay and tamping, wherein the thickness of the covered clay layer is preferably at least 1cm after the mixture of the bottom mud and the rice straw or the wheat straw is fully wrapped; 6. if it is desired to increase the overall height of the curing system, a layer of sand may be applied to the substrate layer; 7. in order to improve the stability of the curing system, a circle of lump stones are piled up on the periphery of the whole system. However, the method can only store solid bottom mud, cannot realize the resource utilization of the bottom mud, and the method needs to apply clay twice, has large construction amount and high cost, and needs to keep out rain for subsequent storage.
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide the ecological building block containing the river sediment, which can be placed into the ecological building block by carrying out in-situ treatment on the sediment, thereby realizing the resource utilization of the sediment, being convenient for local conditions, not causing any pollution to the environment and greatly reducing the preparation cost of the ecological building block.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
an ecological building block containing river sediment is composed of four layers sequentially from bottom to top, wherein a first layer is a sediment layer, the compressive strength of the first layer is greater than 0.2MPa, and the average thickness is 100-400 mm; the second layer is a clay layer with an average thickness of 80mm-120mm; the third layer is a crushed stone layer with the average thickness of 60-100mm; a fourth layer is planted in the soil layer, and the average thickness is 100-200mm; the ecological block can be used for planting and growing plants.
In one embodiment of the utility model, the ecological block is a box-shaped ecological block, only the upper part of the ecological block is kept open, and the other surfaces of the ecological block are closed; the cross section of the ecological building block is in an irregular geometric shape or a regular geometric shape, and the regular geometric shape is rectangle, square, trapezoid or circle.
In one embodiment of the utility model, the first layer is obtained by curing bottom mud, and the specific steps are as follows: crushing plant straws, spreading the crushed plant straws at the bottom, spreading bottom mud with different water contents on the plant straws, fully and uniformly stirring the spread bottom mud and the plant straws at the lower layer, and solidifying to obtain a bottom mud layer.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the plant straw is crop straw selected from one or more of wheat straw, rice straw, corn straw, sorghum straw.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the crop straw is wheat straw, rice straw, or corn straw.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the first layer uses a sediment with a water content of 35% to 85%.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the second layer is obtained by tamping with a normal clay, wherein the water content of the normal clay is 19% -23%.
In one embodiment of the utility model, the diameter of the crushed stone in the third layer is 0.5-10 cm.
In one embodiment of the utility model, the first, second, third and fourth layers have the same cross-sectional area; the average thickness of the first layer is 250mm, the average thickness of the second layer is 100mm, the average thickness of the third layer is 80mm, and the average thickness of the fourth layer is 150mm.
Compared with the existing ecological building block, the utility model has the following advantages:
(1) The plant straw is used as the bottom mud curing agent, the bottom mud is utilized in situ, no external transportation is needed, and no secondary pollution is caused.
(2) The method for recycling the sediment is simple, is easy to operate in engineering, can realize the sediment pollution treatment, and simultaneously generates certain economic value.
(3) The ecological block has low clay and broken stone consumption, and can be used for preparing ecological blocks in batches. The ecological building blocks can be used for planting plants, beautifying the environment, and also can be used for engineering such as slope protection, retaining wall and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front sectional view of an ecological block after the recycling of bottom mud.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a front sectional view of an ecological block after the recycling of bottom mud. As shown in fig. 1, 6 represents an ecological block outer baffle, 5 is a limiting block, four layers are divided into typical ecological blocks, and the first to four layers from bottom to top sequentially comprise a 1 sediment layer, a 2 clay layer, a 3 gravel layer and a 4 planting soil layer, wherein the sediment layer consists of river sediment and plant straws.
In the bottom mud layer, the water content of the bottom mud is 30% -85%, and if the water content of the bottom mud is lower than 30% or exceeds 85%, the bottom mud is difficult to solidify.
In the bottom mud layer, the dosage of the bottom mud and the straw depends on the water content in the bottom mud, the type of the straw and the length of the straw, and the mass ratio of the bottom mud to the straw is 30:1-5:1, preferably 20:1-8:1, and more preferably 18:1-6:1.
The common clay in the utility model refers to clay with the water content controlled between 19 and 23 percent, and the thickness of the clay layer is 80 to 120mm. Verification shows that if the thickness of the clay layer is less than 80mm, heavy metal substances in the sediment can be separated out to cause environmental pollution; and the thickness of the clay layer is larger than 120mm, which causes cost increase.
Broken stone in the present utility model refers to broken hard blocks of regular or irregular size, shape and texture, and includes general stone and building materials such as clay, broken concrete, perlite, calcium carbonate, cement particles, construction waste, slag, etc. The diameter of the crushed stone is 0.5-10 cm, preferably 2-7 cm, more preferably 3-6 cm; the average thickness of the crushed stone layer is 60-100mm, if the thickness of the crushed stone layer is too small, plants are difficult to survive, and if the thickness of the crushed stone layer is too large, the cost is increased.
The planting soil disclosed by the utility model refers to soil which is loose and fertile in soil texture, moderate in acid and alkali, free of building and household garbage and free of toxic substances, and can be used for plant growth and development. The average thickness of the planting soil layer is 100-200mm.
The utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the ecological block has only the upper part opened and the other sides closed, and the cross-sectional areas of the first layer, the second layer, the third layer and the fourth layer are the same, as shown in fig. 1, and the preparation steps are as follows:
(1) Crushing rice straw into 0.2 cm thick bottom mud with water content of 60% on the rice straw, wherein the dosage ratio of the bottom mud to the straw is 6:1, fully and uniformly stirring the tiled substrate sludge and straw, wherein a solidified substrate sludge layer is used as a first layer, the compressive strength of the first layer is more than 0.25MPa, and the average thickness is 250mm;
(2) Paving a layer of common clay and tamping the clay as a second layer, wherein the average thickness is 100mm;
(3) Paving a layer of broken stone with the diameter of 3-6 cm on the clay layer as a third layer, wherein the average thickness is 80mm;
(4) Finally, a layer of planting soil with the average thickness of 150mm is paved on the crushed stone layer to serve as a fourth layer.
Example 2
The ecological block of the embodiment has only the upper part opened and the other surfaces are all closed, and the cross section areas of the first layer, the second layer, the third layer and the fourth layer are the same, and the preparation steps are as follows:
(1) Crushing wheat straw into 0.5 cm long, then spreading the wheat straw at the bottommost part of the building block, and spreading bottom mud with the water content of 50% on the straw, wherein the dosage ratio of the bottom mud to the straw is 12:1, fully and uniformly stirring the tiled substrate sludge and straw, wherein a solidified substrate sludge layer is used as a first layer, the compressive strength of the first layer is more than 0.3MPa, and the average thickness is 200mm;
(2) Paving a layer of common clay and tamping the clay as a second layer, wherein the average thickness is 80mm;
(3) Paving a layer of broken stone with the diameter of 3-6 cm on the clay layer, wherein the average thickness is 100mm;
(4) Finally, a layer of planting soil with the average thickness of 100mm is paved on the crushed stone layer to serve as a fourth layer.
Example 3
The ecological block of the embodiment has only the upper part opened and the other surfaces are all closed, and the cross section areas of the first layer, the second layer, the third layer and the fourth layer are the same, and the preparation steps are as follows:
(1) Crushing corn straw into a length of 1cm, then spreading the crushed corn straw at the bottommost part of the building block, and spreading bottom mud with water content of 40% on the straw, wherein the dosage ratio of the bottom mud to the straw is 18:1, fully and uniformly stirring the tiled substrate sludge and straw, wherein a solidified substrate sludge layer is used as a first layer, the compressive strength of the first layer is more than 0.35MPa, and the average thickness is 300mm;
(2) Paving a layer of common clay and tamping the clay as a second layer, wherein the average thickness is 110mm;
(3) Paving a layer of broken stone with the diameter of 2-7 cm on the clay layer as a third layer, wherein the average thickness is 90mm;
(4) Finally, a layer of planting soil with the average thickness of 180mm is paved on the crushed stone layer to serve as a fourth layer.
Application example 1
The river in a certain area of Changzhou city of Jiangsu province is a heavily polluted river channel, the length of the river channel is about 1.8km, the average width is about 15m, the depth of bottom mud is about 0.3-0.9m, due to the pollution for many years, a large amount of pollutants such as garbage, mud and the like are deposited at the bottom of a river bed, the pollutants affect the water quality of the river channel for a long time, and the approximate dredging amount is 3.27 ten thousand m 3 . To restore the water body, dredging is needed to be carried outAnd (3) carrying out outward transport treatment on the part with the water content of more than 85% in the river sediment, wherein the part with the water content of 35-85% can be directly used as a material for filling ecological building blocks after curing treatment, so that resource utilization is realized. Method based on example 1 in this application example, river sediment is selected to be about 1000m 3 The method is used for technical verification, and river sediment is treated to be used as an ecological building block filling material, so that resource utilization is realized. If the existing dredging agent needs to transport the sediment to a digestion point by combining construction unit budget comparison, the longest transport distance is 76.8km, the average transport distance is 30km, and each m 3 The comprehensive transportation unit price of the sediment is 53.37 yuan; if the bottom mud is dredged and then recycled in situ, the transportation cost is saved, but the recycling of the bottom mud increases the cost for constructing the ecological block, the mechanical cost is 2000 yuan per shift depending on whether the ecological block is artificial or mechanical, and 200m of ecological block can be constructed per shift 3 Every m 3 The cost of the masonry machine is 10 yuan; if artificial ecological building blocks are adopted, each person can build 10m each day 3 Every person pays 200 yuan per day, every m 3 The labor cost of masonry is 20 yuan. The cost of loam and bottom clay is estimated according to 10 yuan per ton, the cost of the same part is removed, the cost of in-situ recycling of the bottom clay can be reduced by about 44% -62% compared with that of transfer landfill, and the engineering construction cost is greatly saved. The ecological building block can protect the river channel and plant plants, and effectively improves the environmental quality of the river channel.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present utility model should be included in the scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The ecological building block comprises river sediment, and is characterized by sequentially comprising four layers from bottom to top, wherein the first layer is a sediment layer, the compressive strength of the first layer is more than 0.2MPa, and the average thickness is 100-400 mm; the second layer is a clay layer with an average thickness of 80mm-120mm; the third layer is a crushed stone layer with the average thickness of 60-100mm; the fourth layer is a planting soil layer, and the average thickness is 100-200mm; the ecological block can be used for planting and growing plants.
2. The ecological block according to claim 1, wherein the ecological block is a box-type ecological block, only the upper part is left open, and the other faces are closed; the cross section of the ecological building block is in an irregular geometric shape or a regular geometric shape, and the regular geometric shape is rectangle, square, trapezoid or circle.
3. The ecological block of claim 1, wherein the first layer comprises plant stalks, the plant stalks being crop stalks selected from one or more of wheat stalks, rice stalks, corn stalks, sorghum stalks.
4. An ecological block according to claim 3, characterized in that the crop straw is wheat straw, rice straw or maize straw.
5. The ecological block according to claim 1, wherein the first layer has a sediment water content of 35% to 85%.
6. The ecological block according to claim 1, wherein the second layer is obtained by tamping with normal clay, the water content of the normal clay being 19% -23%.
7. The ecological block according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the crushed stone in the third layer is 0.5-10 cm.
8. The ecological block of claim 1, wherein the first, second, third and fourth layers have the same cross-sectional area; the average thickness of the first layer is
250mm, an average thickness of the second layer of 100mm, an average thickness of the third layer of 80mm,
the fourth layer had an average thickness of 150mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202320891684.3U CN220117579U (en) | 2023-04-20 | 2023-04-20 | Ecological building block containing river sediment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202320891684.3U CN220117579U (en) | 2023-04-20 | 2023-04-20 | Ecological building block containing river sediment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN220117579U true CN220117579U (en) | 2023-12-01 |
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| CN202320891684.3U Active CN220117579U (en) | 2023-04-20 | 2023-04-20 | Ecological building block containing river sediment |
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