CN220108698U

CN220108698U - Rapeseed harvesting device convenient for harvesting rapes

Info

Publication number: CN220108698U
Application number: CN202321515340.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 叶茵; 占素娟
Original assignee: Jiujiang Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Jiujiang Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2023-06-14
Filing date: 2023-06-14
Publication date: 2023-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rapeseed harvesting device convenient for harvesting rapes, which comprises a harvesting shovel, wherein the harvesting shovel comprises a bottom plate, a back plate and two side plates, a screen plate is fixedly connected above the bottom plate, a plurality of meshes are formed on the screen plate, and the screen plate is inclined to the outer side of the harvesting shovel; the bottom plate is inclined to one corner of the inner side of the harvesting shovel; the backboard is provided with a rapeseed outlet and a rapeseed rod outlet, the rapeseed outlet is arranged at a corner close to the lower end of the soleplate, and the rapeseed rod outlet is arranged above the higher point of the screen plate and is close to the discharge end of the spiral pusher; the reel two sides are arranged on the harvesting shovel through the connecting arm frame, lifting mechanisms are arranged at two ends above the harvesting shovel, and the lifting mechanisms are movably connected with the top ends of the connecting arms. The utility model can lead rapeseeds with cracked seed pods to fall down in the harvesting process to be collected and treated in the harvesting shovel, thereby reducing the waste of rapeseeds. And the height of the reel can be adjusted through the lifting mechanism so as to adapt to the plant height of the rape, thereby facilitating the harvesting of the rape and improving the harvesting efficiency.

Description

Rapeseed harvesting device convenient for harvesting rapes

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of rape harvesting, and particularly relates to a rape harvesting device convenient for rape harvesting.

Background

At present, rape is a fifth crop in China, is one of main oil crops in China, has important significance in developing rape production to ensure grain and oil safety in China, plays a crucial role in rape production in terms of mechanization degree, plays a crucial role in rape production, and therefore a special harvester is adopted for harvesting rape in the prior art.

Among them, rape combine is widely used in north of China. The rape combine harvester is one kind of rape combine harvester and consists of mainly harvesting mechanism, conveying mechanism, threshing mechanism, sorting mechanism, driving mechanism, etc.; most of the harvesters are arranged at the front end of the harvesters in a front suspension mode, and the harvesters are lowered and positioned above the ground through manual control during harvesting operation. The harvesting mechanism consists of a reel, a transverse cutter, a vertical cutter, a spiral pusher and the like.

Because the prior art is difficult to realize that no angle fruit is fried in the harvesting process, mature rapeseeds are scattered from angle fruits of the fried pods in the harvesting process, and a harvesting shovel is a shovel bottom which is inclined outwards for conveniently collecting rape stems, so that the fallen rapeseeds can slide to the ground along with the inclined shovel bottom to be not collected, and the rapeseeds are wasted; in addition, the rape plant height is generally 30-90 cm, but some areas can grow to more than one meter, one meter and less than five meters, the rape plant height fluctuation is large, the relative position of a reel and a harvesting shovel is fixed in the prior art, and the rape plant height is difficult to adapt to different rape plant heights in various places.

Therefore, a rapeseed harvesting device convenient for harvesting rapes is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides a rapeseed harvesting device convenient for harvesting rapes.

The utility model provides a rapeseed harvesting device convenient for harvesting rapes, which comprises a harvesting shovel, wherein the harvesting shovel comprises a bottom plate, a back plate and two side plates, a net plate is fixedly connected above the bottom plate, a plurality of meshes are formed on the net plate, the net plate inclines to the outer side of the harvesting shovel, the lower end of the net plate is smoothly connected with a cross cutter, and a spiral pusher and a reel are both positioned above the net plate; the bottom plate is inclined to one corner of the inner side of the harvesting shovel; the backboard is provided with a rapeseed outlet and a rapeseed rod outlet, the rapeseed outlet is arranged at a corner close to the lower end of the bottom board, and the rapeseed rod outlet is arranged above the higher point of the screen board and close to the output end of the spiral pusher;

the two sides of the reel are arranged on the harvesting shovel through a connecting arm support, one end of the connecting arm is rotationally connected with two ends of the reel, and the other end of the connecting arm is rotationally connected with two ends of the spiral pusher; lifting mechanisms are arranged at two ends above the harvesting shovel and are movably connected with the top ends of the connecting arms.

Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises a winch, an L-shaped suspension arm and two fixed pulleys; the winch is fixedly connected to the side surface of the side plate, the L-shaped suspension arm is fixedly connected to the top surface of the side plate, and the two fixed pulleys are fixedly connected to the turning point and the tail end of the L-shaped suspension arm respectively; the winch comprises a cable and a hook, wherein the cable passes through the winch and sequentially passes through the two fixed pulleys; the hook is fixedly connected to the tail end of the mooring rope, a hanging ring is arranged at the top end of the connecting arm, and the hook is movably connected with the hanging ring.

Preferably, the connecting arm comprises a shell, and the hanging ring is fixedly connected to the top surface of the shell; one end of the connecting arm is rotationally connected with a pushing rotating shaft of the spiral pusher, the other end of the connecting arm is rotationally connected with a reel rotating shaft of the reel, driving wheels are fixedly connected to two ends of the pushing rotating shaft, driven wheels are fixedly connected to two ends of the reel rotating shaft, and the driving wheels are in transmission connection with the driven wheels through belts; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged on the outer side of the side plate, and the shell covers the driving wheel, the driven wheel and the outer side of the belt.

Preferably, the vertical cutter comprises a cutter seat and a cutter blade, the cutter blade is detachably connected to the front of the cutter seat, the bottom end of the cutter seat is rotationally connected with the lower front end of the side plate, the back of the cutter seat is hinged with a hydraulic telescopic rod, and one end of the hydraulic telescopic rod, which is far away from the cutter seat, is fixedly connected to the bottom of the harvesting shovel.

Preferably, the side plate outside is close to the one end bottom rigid coupling of backplate has the connecting plate, the connecting plate center runs through and is provided with the wheel subassembly, the wheel subassembly includes the connective bar, the connective bar runs through the connecting plate, connective bar lower extreme rigid coupling has the gyro wheel support, the gyro wheel support rotates and is connected with the gyro wheel.

Preferably, the connecting plate is in sliding connection with the connecting rod, a spring is sleeved on the connecting rod, the top end of the spring is in butt joint with the bottom surface of the connecting plate, and the bottom end of the spring is in butt joint with the top surface of the roller bracket.

Preferably, the back of the backboard is fixedly connected with a connecting seat.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and technical effects:

the rapeseeds falling off in the cutting process of the horizontal cutting knife and the vertical cutting knife and in the poking process of the reel are fallen onto the screen plate, the screen plate is inclined outwards and is in smooth connection with the horizontal cutting knife so as to be convenient for bearing the rape rods and the rapeseeds, the rapeseeds roll on the screen plate after falling off, then the rapeseeds fall onto the bottom plate through meshes on the screen plate, the bottom plate is slightly inclined towards a rapeseeds outlet, the fallen rapeseeds roll towards the rapeseeds outlet, and the rapeseeds are collected and processed in a centralized way at the rapeseeds outlet, can be directly collected and can be conveyed to a subsequent threshing or screening mechanism for processing. The structure of the meshed net plate and the structure of the bottom plate are matched, so that rapeseeds which are cracked and fall from seed pods in the harvesting process can be collected and treated in a harvesting shovel, and the rapeseeds are not scattered on the ground at will to cause a great deal of waste.

After the harvester moves to a designated position and before harvesting, the height of the rape plants to be harvested can be observed, the height of the reel is adjusted through the lifting mechanism according to the height of the rape plants so as to adapt to the height of the rape plants, the harvesting of the rape is convenient, the reduction of harvesting efficiency caused by the infection of the reel by the rape stems due to the mismatching of the reel and the rape plant height is avoided, and the harvester can adapt to the plant heights of different rape plants.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rapeseed harvesting device for facilitating harvesting of rapes according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of a rapeseed harvesting apparatus for facilitating harvesting of oilseed rape according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a rear view of a rapeseed harvesting apparatus for facilitating harvesting of oilseed rape according to the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1A in accordance with the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of B of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present utility model;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the connecting arm of the present utility model.

In the figure: 1. harvesting shovel; 2. a transverse cutter; 3. a vertical cutter; 4. a screw pusher; 5. reel wheel; 101. a bottom plate; 102. a back plate; 103. a side plate; 6. a screen plate; 7. a mesh; 8. a rapeseed outlet; 9. a rape stem outlet; 10. a connecting arm; 11. a hoist; 12. l-shaped suspension arm; 13. a fixed pulley; 1101. a cable; 1102. a hook; 14. hanging rings; 1001. a housing; 15. a driving wheel; 16. driven wheel; 17. a belt; 301. a tool apron; 302. a blade; 18. a hydraulic telescopic rod; 19. a connecting plate; 20. a connecting rod; 21. a roller bracket; 22. a roller; 23. a spring; 24. and a connecting seat.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present utility model will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.

Referring to fig. 1-6, the embodiment provides a rapeseed harvesting device convenient for harvesting rapes, which comprises a harvesting shovel 1, wherein the harvesting shovel 1 comprises a bottom plate 101, a back plate 102 and two side plates 103, a net plate 6 is fixedly connected above the bottom plate 101, a plurality of meshes 7 are formed on the net plate 6, the net plate 6 inclines to the outer side of the harvesting shovel 1, the lower end of the net plate 6 is smoothly connected with a cross cutter 2, and a spiral pusher 4 and a reel 5 are both positioned above the net plate 6; the bottom plate 101 is inclined to one corner of the inner side of the harvesting shovel 1; the backboard 102 is provided with a rapeseed outlet 8 and a rapeseed rod outlet 9, the rapeseed outlet 8 is arranged at a corner close to the lower end of the bottom board 101, and the rapeseed rod outlet 9 is arranged above the higher point of the screen board 6 and close to the output end of the spiral pusher 4;

the two sides of the reel 5 are erected on the harvesting shovel 1 through a connecting arm 10, one end of the connecting arm 10 is rotationally connected with the two ends of the reel 5, and the other end is rotationally connected with the two ends of the spiral pusher 4; lifting mechanisms are arranged at two ends above the harvesting shovel 1 and are movably connected with the top ends of the connecting arms 10.

When the harvester is used, the harvesting shovel 1 is arranged at the front end of the harvester in a front suspension mode, after the harvester moves to a designated place, the harvesting shovel 1 is lowered to enable the cross cutting knife 2 to be close to the ground, and then the reel 5 and the screw pusher 4 are started to rotate and then pushed forward; the transverse cutting knife 2 cuts the rape stalks from the bottom, the vertical cutting knife 3 cuts the rape on two sides, and the phenomenon that the cutting table pulls rape stalks between other rows to cause the rape stalks to fall down to reduce the yield or the working efficiency is low due to the winding of the cutting table when the harvester harvests is avoided; the cut rape rods are stranded by a reel 5 and are shifted to the position of a spiral pusher 4, the spiral pusher 4 transversely conveys the rape rods to a rape rod outlet 9 on one side, so that centralized treatment is facilitated, a conveying device is generally arranged at the rape rod outlet 9 for conveying the rape rods, and the rape rods are conveyed to the ground for spreading, airing or climbing for conveying to a subsequent threshing mechanism for threshing and other subsequent steps; the seed pod of mature rapeseeds is easy to crack in the cutting process of the cross cutting knife 2 and the vertical cutting knife 3 and in the poking process of the poking wheel 5, so that rapeseeds fall into the harvesting shovel 1, the net plate 6 is arranged in the harvesting shovel 1, rapeseeds fall onto the net plate 6, the net plate 6 is inclined to the outside and is in smooth connection with the cross cutting knife 2 so as to be convenient for bearing rape rods and rapeseeds, the rapeseeds roll on the net plate 6 after falling, then the mesh 7 on the net plate 6 falls onto the bottom plate 101, the bottom plate 101 is slightly inclined towards the rapeseeds outlet 8, the fallen rapeseeds roll towards the rapeseeds outlet 8, and the rapeseeds can be collected in a concentrated mode at the rapeseeds outlet 8 and can be directly collected and also can be conveyed to a follow-up threshing or screening mechanism for processing. The combination of the perforated screen 6 and the bottom plate 101 allows rapeseeds which are cracked and dropped in the seed pod during harvesting to be collected and processed in the harvesting shovel 1, rather than being scattered randomly on the ground, so that a great deal of rapeseeds are wasted.

After the harvester moves to a designated position and before harvesting, the height of the rape plants to be harvested can be observed, the height of the reel 5 is adjusted through the lifting mechanism according to the height of the rape plants so as to adapt to the height of the rape plants, the harvesting of the rape is convenient, the phenomenon that the harvesting efficiency is reduced due to the infection of the reel 5 by the rape stems caused by the mismatching of the reel 5 and the height of the rape plants is avoided, and the harvester can adapt to the heights of different rape plants.

Further optimizing scheme, the lifting mechanism comprises a winch 11, an L-shaped suspension arm 12 and two fixed pulleys 13; the winch 11 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the side plate 103, the L-shaped suspension arm 12 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the side plate 103, and the two fixed pulleys 13 are fixedly connected to the turning point and the tail end of the L-shaped suspension arm 12 respectively; the winch 11 comprises a cable 1101 and a hook 1102, wherein the cable 1101 passes out of the winch 11 and sequentially passes through the two fixed pulleys 13; the hook 1102 is fixedly connected to the tail end of the cable 1101, the top end of the connecting arm 10 is provided with a hanging ring 14, and the hook 1102 is movably connected with the hanging ring 14.

The lifting mechanism lifts the connecting arm 10 by the cable 1101 to control the height of the reel 5 through the winch 11, wherein the L-shaped suspension arm 12 is provided with two fixed pulleys 13, and the two fixed pulleys 13 change the direction of the acting force, so that the cable 1101 and the hook 1102 accurately lift the connecting arm 10.

Further, the hoist 11 is preferably a small-sized hoist 11 of DS type or DT type, and the hoist 11 is small in size, light in weight, heavy in weight, flexible in operation, safe and reliable, and durable in use; so as to lighten the hanging load of the harvester.

Further optimizing scheme, the connecting arm 10 comprises a shell 1001, and the hanging ring 14 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the shell 1001; one end of the connecting arm 10 is rotationally connected with a pushing rotating shaft of the spiral pusher 4, the other end of the connecting arm is rotationally connected with a reel rotating shaft of the reel 5, two ends of the pushing rotating shaft are fixedly connected with a driving wheel 15, two ends of the reel rotating shaft are fixedly connected with driven wheels 16, and the driving wheel 15 is in transmission connection with the driven wheels 16 through a belt 17; the driving pulley 15 and the driven pulley 16 are both arranged outside the side plate 103, and the housing 1001 covers the driving pulley 15, the driven pulley 16 and the belt 17.

The spiral pusher 4 rotates by utilizing a part of the power of the harvester engine, drives the driving wheel 15 to rotate, drives the driven wheel 16 to rotate through the belt 17, and further enables the reel rotating shaft to rotate, further enables the reel 5 to rotate, and after the lifting mechanism drives the reel 5 to rise to enable the connecting arm 10 to rotate through the transmission connection of the belt 17, the driving wheel 15 can still drive the driven wheel 16 to drive.

According to a further optimized scheme, the vertical cutter 3 comprises a cutter holder 301 and a cutter blade 302, the cutter blade 302 is detachably connected to the front of the cutter holder 301, the bottom end of the cutter holder 301 is rotationally connected with the lower front end of the side plate 103, the back of the cutter holder 301 is hinged with a hydraulic telescopic rod 18, and one end, far away from the cutter holder 301, of the hydraulic telescopic rod 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the harvesting shovel 1.

The angle of the vertical cutter 3 can be adjusted by the hydraulic telescopic rod 18, so that the vertical cutter 3 is inclined or vertical, and the inclined vertical cutter 3 can scoop up a rape stem lodged on the ground to cut off, thereby realizing good harvesting of rape.

According to a further optimization scheme, a connecting plate 19 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the side plate 103 near the bottom of one end of the back plate 102, a roller 22 assembly penetrates through the center of the connecting plate 19, the roller 22 assembly comprises a connecting rod 20, the connecting rod 20 penetrates through the connecting plate 19, a roller support 21 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod 20, and the roller support 21 is rotatably connected with a roller 22.

The roller 22 can reduce the pressure of the harvester hanging the harvesting shovel 1 when the harvesting shovel 1 is positioned above the ground for harvesting, and prolong the service life of the harvester.

Further optimizing scheme, connecting plate 19 and connective bar 20 sliding connection, the cover is equipped with spring 23 on connective bar 20, and spring 23 top and connecting plate 19 bottom surface butt, spring 23 bottom and gyro wheel support 21 top surface butt.

The spring 23 is sleeved on the connecting rod 20, and when the floor is uneven, the height of the harvesting shovel 1 from the floor can be kept to be basically the same by the spring 23.

Further preferably, the back of the back plate 102 is fixedly connected with the connecting seat 24.

The connecting seat 24 is used for hanging and connecting the harvesting shovel 1 with the harvester.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present utility model, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model without departing from the design spirit of the present utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a make things convenient for rape to reap device of rape, includes, reaps shovel (1), it is provided with cross cutting sword (2) to reap shovel (1) bottom the place ahead, it is provided with perpendicular cutting knife (3) to reap shovel (1) both sides, it is provided with spiral pusher (4) to reap shovel (1) inside bottom, spiral pusher (4) the place ahead is provided with reel (5), its characterized in that: the harvesting shovel (1) comprises a bottom plate (101), a back plate (102) and two side plates (103), wherein a screen plate (6) is fixedly connected above the bottom plate (101), a plurality of meshes (7) are formed in the screen plate (6), the screen plate (6) inclines to the outer side of the harvesting shovel (1), one lower end of the screen plate (6) is smoothly connected with the cross-cutting knife (2), and the spiral pusher (4) and the reel (5) are both positioned above the screen plate (6); the bottom plate (101) is inclined to one corner of the inner side of the harvesting shovel (1); the backboard (102) is provided with a rapeseed outlet (8) and a rapeseed rod outlet (9), the rapeseed outlet (8) is arranged at a corner close to the lower end of the bottom board (101), and the rapeseed rod outlet (9) is arranged above the higher point of the screen board (6) and close to the output end of the spiral pusher (4);

the two sides of the reel (5) are erected on the harvesting shovel (1) through connecting arms (10), one end of each connecting arm (10) is rotationally connected with two ends of the reel (5), and the other end is rotationally connected with two ends of the spiral pusher (4); lifting mechanisms are arranged at two ends above the harvesting shovel (1), and are movably connected with the top ends of the connecting arms (10).

2. The rapeseed harvesting apparatus for facilitating harvesting of rapes according to claim 1, wherein: the lifting mechanism comprises a winch (11), an L-shaped suspension arm (12) and two fixed pulleys (13); the winch (11) is fixedly connected to the side face of the side plate (103), the L-shaped suspension arm (12) is fixedly connected to the top face of the side plate (103), and the two fixed pulleys (13) are fixedly connected to the turning point and the tail end of the L-shaped suspension arm (12) respectively; the winch (11) comprises a cable (1101) and a hook (1102), and the cable (1101) penetrates out of the winch (11) and sequentially penetrates through the two fixed pulleys (13); the hook (1102) is fixedly connected to the tail end of the mooring rope (1101), a hanging ring (14) is arranged at the top end of the connecting arm (10), and the hook (1102) is movably connected with the hanging ring (14).

3. The rapeseed harvesting apparatus for facilitating harvesting of rapes according to claim 2, wherein: the connecting arm (10) comprises a shell (1001), and the hanging ring (14) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the shell (1001); one end of the connecting arm (10) is rotationally connected with a pushing rotating shaft of the spiral pusher (4), the other end of the connecting arm is rotationally connected with a reel rotating shaft of the reel (5), two ends of the pushing rotating shaft are fixedly connected with driving wheels (15), two ends of the reel rotating shaft are fixedly connected with driven wheels (16), and the driving wheels (15) are in transmission connection with the driven wheels (16) through belts (17); the driving wheel (15) and the driven wheel (16) are both arranged on the outer side of the side plate (103), and the shell (1001) is covered on the outer sides of the driving wheel (15), the driven wheel (16) and the belt (17).

4. The rapeseed harvesting apparatus for facilitating harvesting of rapes according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical cutting knife (3) comprises a knife seat (301) and a knife blade (302), the knife blade (302) is detachably connected to the front of the knife seat (301), the bottom end of the knife seat (301) is rotationally connected with the lower front end of the side plate (103), the back of the knife seat (301) is hinged with a hydraulic telescopic rod (18), and one end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (18) away from the knife seat (301) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the harvesting shovel (1).

5. The rapeseed harvesting apparatus for facilitating harvesting of rapes according to claim 1, wherein: the side plate (103) is close to one end bottom rigid coupling of backplate (102) has connecting plate (19), connecting plate (19) center runs through and is provided with gyro wheel (22) subassembly, gyro wheel (22) subassembly include connecting rod (20), connecting rod (20) run through connecting plate (19), connecting rod (20) lower extreme rigid coupling has gyro wheel support (21), gyro wheel support (21) rotate and are connected with gyro wheel (22).

6. The rapeseed harvesting apparatus for facilitating harvesting of rapes according to claim 5, wherein: the connecting plate (19) is in sliding connection with the connecting rod (20), a spring (23) is sleeved on the connecting rod (20), the top end of the spring (23) is in butt joint with the bottom surface of the connecting plate (19), and the bottom end of the spring (23) is in butt joint with the top surface of the roller bracket (21).

7. The rapeseed harvesting apparatus for facilitating harvesting of rapes according to claim 1, wherein: the back of the back plate (102) is fixedly connected with a connecting seat (24).