CN219888568U - Brake caliper and automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a brake caliper, comprising a caliper housing, a brake disc, a brake pad and an actuating assembly; the actuating assembly comprises a motor, a transmission structure, a piston and a sealing ring; a slide hole is arranged in the caliper shell, and the piston is in sliding fit with the slide hole; the power output end of the motor is in transmission connection with the power input end of the transmission structure; the transmission structure can convert the rotary motion of the power input end of the transmission structure into the linear motion of the power output end of the transmission structure; the power output end of the transmission structure can push the piston to make the piston drive the brake pad to abut against the brake disc; the sealing ring seals a gap between the outer circular surface of the piston and the inner circular surface of the sliding hole, a first annular groove is arranged on the inner circular surface of the sliding hole, the outer ring part of the sealing ring is arranged in the first annular groove, a second annular groove is arranged on the outer circular surface of the piston, and the inner ring part of the sealing ring is arranged in the second annular groove. The utility model also provides an automobile. The utility model provides a brake caliper suitable for an electromechanical brake system, which has the characteristic of high reliability.

Description

Brake caliper and automobile

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an automobile, in particular to a brake caliper and an automobile.

Background

Today, the rapid development of social economy and science and technology is carried out, and people are pursuing the dynamic performance and the comfort of the automobile, and meanwhile, the attention degree of the automobile safety is also higher. Among these, braking performance of the automobile is particularly important because the braking performance of the automobile is directly related to life and property safety, and good braking performance is a basic guarantee of safe driving of the automobile.

The existing hydraulic braking system widely applied to automobiles mainly comprises a brake pedal, a brake master cylinder, a vacuum booster, a hydraulic pipeline, a brake wheel cylinder, a brake and the like. When the automobile is braked, a driver presses a brake pedal, oil in a brake master cylinder flows into each wheel cylinder through a brake pipeline under a certain pressure under the action of a series of mechanical structures and a vacuum booster, and finally a disc brake or a drum brake is driven to finish braking action, so that the braking of wheels is realized. Hydraulic braking has become a very mature technology through long development, and the existing car basically adopts a hydraulic braking system.

Although hydraulic brake systems are widely used, hydraulic brake systems have some problems as follows: the hydraulic braking system has more mechanical parts and hydraulic pipelines, the vacuum booster has larger volume, and particularly after integrating ABS, TCS, ESP and other electric control functions, the hydraulic braking system is more complex and has great arrangement and assembly difficulties; the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic braking system needs to be replaced regularly, and hidden danger of hydraulic oil leakage exists in the use process, so that environmental pollution is easy to cause; for new energy automobiles with braking energy recovery systems and lacking a booster vacuum source, the use of hydraulic braking systems is limited and the difficulty of matching is great.

With the development of scientific technology, an electromechanical brake system which has more compact structure, larger output braking force and more reliable operation is generated. Because of the problems that plague hydraulic braking systems for many years, electromechanical braking systems have become one of the trends in brake technology research. Compared with the traditional hydraulic braking system, the electromechanical braking system takes electric energy as an energy source, the motor drives the braking plate to press the braking disc to realize a braking function, the electric wire transmits energy, and the data wire transmits signals. The electromechanical braking system has simple structure and high efficiency, and the braking safety of the automobile is greatly improved.

On the one hand, in order to ensure braking safety, a certain redundancy is required for an automobile braking system, and the electromechanical braking system has the problem that the redundant structure of the traditional braking system cannot be utilized because the mechanical hydraulic connection between a brake pedal and a brake caliper is canceled, so that the design of the redundancy of the electromechanical braking system is required to be reconsidered from the aspects of structure and control so as to ensure the reliability of the electromechanical braking system and further ensure the braking safety. On the other hand, the piston of the brake caliper of the electromechanical brake system is prone to a clamping stagnation phenomenon, which adversely affects the reliability of the brake caliper.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a brake caliper and an automobile so as to improve the reliability of the brake caliper.

The utility model relates to a brake caliper, which comprises a caliper shell, a brake disc, a brake pad and an actuating assembly, wherein the caliper shell is provided with a plurality of brake pads; the actuating assembly comprises a motor, a transmission structure, a piston and a sealing ring; a slide hole is formed in the caliper shell, and the piston is in sliding fit with the slide hole; the power output end of the motor is in transmission connection with the power input end of the transmission structure; the transmission structure can convert the rotary motion of the power input end of the transmission structure into the linear motion of the power output end of the transmission structure; the power output end of the transmission structure moves linearly to push the piston so that the piston drives the brake pad to abut against the brake disc; the sealing ring seals a gap between the outer circular surface of the piston and the inner circular surface of the sliding hole, a first annular groove is formed in the inner circular surface of the sliding hole, the outer ring part of the sealing ring is installed in the first annular groove, a second annular groove is formed in the outer circular surface of the piston, and the inner ring part of the sealing ring is installed in the second annular groove.

Optionally, the cross section of the sealing ring is rectangular, the outer peripheral surface of the sealing ring is in sealing fit with the bottom surface of the groove of the first annular groove, and the inner peripheral surface of the sealing ring is in sealing fit with the bottom surface of the groove of the second annular groove.

Optionally, the width of the second annular groove in the axial direction of the sliding hole is larger than the width of the inner ring part of the sealing ring in the axial direction of the sliding hole.

Optionally, the piston includes a piston side wall having a cylindrical shape and a piston bottom wall connected to one end of the piston side wall near the brake pad, the piston bottom wall seals one end of the piston side wall near the brake pad, and the second annular groove is disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the piston side wall.

Optionally, two sides of the brake disc are respectively provided with one brake pad, and two actuating assemblies are arranged corresponding to each brake pad.

Optionally, the transmission structure comprises a speed reducing mechanism and a conversion mechanism, wherein the power output end of the motor is in transmission connection with the power input end of the speed reducing mechanism, and the power output end of the speed reducing mechanism is in transmission connection with the power input end of the conversion mechanism; the conversion mechanism can convert the rotary motion of the power input end of the conversion mechanism into the linear motion of the power output end of the conversion mechanism; the power output end of the conversion mechanism moves linearly to push the piston, so that the piston drives the brake pad to abut against the brake disc.

Optionally, the speed reducing mechanism is a two-stage planetary gear speed reducing mechanism.

Optionally, the conversion mechanism is a planetary roller screw.

Optionally, a lubrication oil duct is provided in the caliper housing, and the lubrication oil duct is configured to be capable of delivering lubrication oil to the speed reduction mechanism and/or the conversion mechanism.

The utility model also provides an automobile comprising the brake caliper.

The utility model provides a brake caliper suitable for an electromechanical brake system, which has the characteristic of high reliability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a brake caliper according to an embodiment;

fig. 2 is a schematic partial structure of a brake caliper according to an embodiment.

Wherein 1-a caliper housing; 2-a brake disc; 3-brake pad; 4-an electric motor; 5-a first stage planetary gear reduction mechanism; 6-a second stage planetary gear reduction mechanism; 7-planetary roller screw; 8-a piston; 9-thrust needle bearings; 10-sealing rings;

101-a lubricating oil duct; 102-mounting holes; 103-slide hole; 104-a first annular groove;

401-motor output shaft;

501-a first sun gear; 502-a first ring gear; 503—first planet; 504-first planet carrier;

601-a second sun gear; 602-a second ring gear; 603-a second planet; 604-a second planet carrier;

701-a lead screw; 702-rollers; 703-a nut;

801-piston bottom wall; 802-piston side wall; 803-second annular groove.

Detailed Description

Further advantages and effects of the present utility model will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, by referring to the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiments.

The utility model may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are presented by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation.

It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic concept of the present utility model by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present utility model are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.

A brake caliper as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising a caliper housing 1, a brake disc 2, brake pads 3 and an actuation assembly; the actuating assembly comprises a motor 4, a transmission structure, a piston 8 and a sealing ring 10; a slide hole 103 is arranged in the caliper housing 1, and the piston 8 is in sliding fit with the slide hole 103; the power output end of the motor 4 is in transmission connection with the power input end of the transmission structure; the transmission structure can convert the rotary motion of the power input end of the transmission structure into the linear motion of the power output end of the transmission structure; the power output end of the transmission structure can push the piston 8 to make the piston 8 drive the brake disc 3 to abut against the brake disc 2 so as to realize braking; the sealing ring 10 seals a gap between an outer circumferential surface of the piston 8 and an inner circumferential surface of the slide hole 103, a first annular groove 104 is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the slide hole 103, the first annular groove 104 is provided around an axis of the slide hole 103, an outer circumferential portion of the sealing ring 10 is installed in the first annular groove 104, a second annular groove 803 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the piston 8, the second annular groove 803 is provided around an axis of the piston 8, and an inner circumferential portion of the sealing ring 10 is installed in the second annular groove 803. By adopting the technical scheme, the brake caliper is powered by the motor 4 to realize braking, and is applicable to an electromechanical braking system; by arranging the sealing ring 10 between the outer circular surface of the piston 8 and the inner circular surface of the slide hole 103, oil leakage and impurities entering the slide hole 103 can be prevented, the piston 8 can be prevented from being blocked due to the influence of the impurities, the reliability of the brake caliper is improved, and the braking safety of an electromechanical brake system is improved; by providing the first annular groove 104 which is matched with the sealing ring 10 on the sliding hole 103 and providing the second annular groove 803 which is matched with the sealing ring 10 on the piston 8, the sealing performance can be further improved, and the reliability of the brake caliper can be further ensured.

In some embodiments, the cross section of the seal ring 10 is rectangular, the outer peripheral surface of the seal ring 10 is in sealing engagement with the bottom surface of the first annular groove 104, and the inner peripheral surface of the seal ring 10 is in sealing engagement with the bottom surface of the second annular groove 803. By adopting the technical scheme, the sealing ring 10 with the rectangular cross section can form a wider sealing band, so that the sealing performance can be further improved, and the reliability of the brake caliper can be further ensured.

In some embodiments, the width of the second annular groove 803 in the axial direction of the slide hole 103 is larger than the width of the inner ring portion of the seal ring 10 in the axial direction of the slide hole 103. By adopting the technical scheme, the sliding stroke of the piston 8 can be increased. Since the stroke of the piston 8 is small during braking, by reasonably setting the width of the second annular groove 803 in the axial direction of the slide hole 103, it is possible to implement the improvement of sealing performance by using the first annular groove 104 and the second annular groove 803.

In some embodiments, the piston 8 includes a piston side wall 802 having a cylindrical shape and a piston bottom wall 801 connected to an end of the piston side wall 802 adjacent to the brake pad 3, the piston bottom wall 801 closing an end of the piston side wall 802 adjacent to the brake pad 3, and the second annular groove 803 being provided on an outer circumferential surface of the piston side wall 802. By adopting the technical scheme, the piston 8 can keep sliding fit with the sliding hole 103, and the cavity enclosed by the piston 8 can provide arrangement space for the planetary roller screw rod 7, so that the size of the brake caliper is reduced.

In some embodiments, one brake pad 3 is provided on each side of the brake disc 2, and two actuation assemblies are provided for each brake pad 3. By adopting the technical scheme, the two brake blocks 3 are arranged, and four actuating assemblies are utilized to act on the two brake blocks 3 respectively. On the one hand, the braking force of the brake caliper can be improved, the braking performance of the brake caliper is improved, on the other hand, the four actuating components are mutually in safe backup, the reliability of the brake caliper can be improved, and the braking safety of an electromechanical braking system is improved. In the embodiment, the two brake pads 3 are disposed on the side of the brake disc 2 in the vehicle outer direction and on the side of the brake disc 2 in the vehicle inner direction, respectively, and the two actuating assemblies corresponding to one brake pad 3 are disposed on the side of the brake disc 2 in the vehicle outer direction and the two actuating assemblies corresponding to the other brake pad 3 are disposed on the side of the brake disc 2 in the vehicle inner direction.

In some embodiments, the transmission structure comprises a speed reducing mechanism and a conversion mechanism, wherein the power output end of the motor 4 is in transmission connection with the power input end of the speed reducing mechanism, and the power output end of the speed reducing mechanism is in transmission connection with the power input end of the conversion mechanism; the conversion mechanism can convert the rotary motion of the power input end of the conversion mechanism into the linear motion of the power output end of the conversion mechanism; the power output end of the conversion mechanism can push the piston 8 to make the piston 8 drive the brake disc 3 to abut against the brake disc 2. By adopting the technical scheme, the rotary motion output by the motor 4 can be converted into the linear motion for pushing the piston 8 by using the transmission structure.

In some embodiments, the reduction mechanism is a two-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism. By adopting the technical scheme, the two-stage planetary gear speed reducing mechanism can play a role in reducing and increasing moment, the transmission ratio of the two-stage planetary gear speed reducing mechanism is generally larger, and the volume of the two-stage planetary gear speed reducing mechanism is far smaller than that of a common cylindrical gear speed reducer on the premise of the same transmission ratio; and the power input end and the power output end of the two-stage planetary gear speed reducing mechanism have the characteristic of being coaxial, and the two-stage planetary gear speed reducing mechanism is stable in motion, strong in shock resistance and strong in vibration resistance. The two-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism has the following advantages: the transmission ratio range is large, the bearing capacity is strong, the size is small, the weight is light, the transmission is stable, the efficiency is high, the work is reliable, and the service life is long. In a specific implementation, the two-stage planetary gear speed reducing mechanism comprises a first-stage planetary gear speed reducing mechanism 5 and a second-stage planetary gear speed reducing mechanism 6, the first-stage planetary gear speed reducing mechanism 5 comprises a first sun gear 501, a first annular gear 502, a first planet carrier 504 and a plurality of first planet gears 503, the second-stage planetary gear speed reducing mechanism 6 comprises a second sun gear 601, a second annular gear 602, a second planet carrier 604 and a plurality of second planet gears 603, the first annular gear 502 and the second annular gear 602 are fixedly connected in the mounting hole 102 of the caliper housing 1, the first sun gear 501 is connected with the power output end of the motor 4 and synchronously rotates, the plurality of first planet gears 503 are rotatably mounted on the first planet carrier 504, the plurality of first planet gears 503 are meshed between the first annular gear 502 and the first sun gear 501, the plurality of second planet gears 603 are rotatably mounted on the second planet carrier 604, the plurality of second planet gears 603 are meshed between the second annular gear 602 and the second sun gear 601, the second planet gears 604 are meshed with the power output end of the second sun gear 602 and the first sun gear 604 as the power input end of the motor 4, and the power output end of the motor 7 is connected with the first planetary gear speed reducing mechanism 4 as the power output end of the power input of the motor 401. As a specific example, the caliper housing 1 is provided with a mounting hole 102 for accommodating the speed reducing mechanism, the motor 4 is fastened to the caliper housing 1 by a bolt, and a motor output shaft 401 of the motor 4 extends into the mounting hole 102 to be fixedly connected with a power input end of the speed reducing mechanism.

In some embodiments, the conversion mechanism is a planetary roller screw 7. By adopting the technical scheme, the planetary roller screw 7 can convert rotary motion into linear motion. As a preferable example, in order to prevent the planetary roller screw 7 from being stuck, the planetary roller screw 7 is a reverse type planetary roller screw, the planetary roller screw 7 includes a screw 701, a nut 703 and a plurality of rollers 702, the plurality of rollers 702 are respectively screw-fitted with the screw 701 and the nut 703, and both ends of the rollers 702 are provided with roller gears, an inner circular surface of the nut 703 is provided with an inner gear ring engaged with each roller gear or an outer circular surface of the screw 701 is provided with an outer gear ring engaged with each roller gear, the nut 703 is slidingly fitted with and circumferentially fixed to the slide hole 103 in the caliper housing 1, the screw 701 is connected with a power output end of the speed reducing mechanism and rotates synchronously, and the reverse type planetary roller screw 7 further includes a roller carrier for holding the positions of each roller 702. When the screw 701 rotates, the rollers 702 perform planetary-like motion in the circumferential direction, both revolve and spin, while converting the rotational motion of the screw 701 into linear reciprocating motion of the nut 703 by screw transmission. By arranging roller gears at the two ends of the roller 702, the roller gears are utilized to ensure the synchronization of the meshing transmission between the roller 702 and the screw 701 and the nut 703 and the pure rolling at the pitch circle, thereby avoiding the interference phenomenon caused by the slipping of the individual roller 702. The screw transmission is a mechanical transmission mode for transmitting power and motion by utilizing the meshing of the screw and the screw, can be divided into force transmission screw transmission, transmission screw transmission and adjustment screw transmission according to the working characteristics, is suitable for occasions with intermittent working and low working speed, can generate larger axial thrust by smaller input torque, is stable in transmission and meets the design requirement of an electronic mechanical executing mechanism. In some embodiments, a thrust needle bearing 9 is provided between the screw 701 and the caliper housing 1 to ensure smooth rotation of the screw 701.

In some embodiments, the caliper housing 1, the brake disc 2 and the brake pad 3 may be arranged in a manner referring to the prior art, the brake pad 3 may be slidably connected to the caliper housing 1 through a linear motion structure, and the brake pad 3 is pushed by the piston 8 to make the brake pad 3 abut against the brake disc 2, so as to implement braking. Elastic restoring elements can be provided between the brake pad 3 and the caliper housing 1 and/or between the piston 8 and the caliper housing 1, which can be used to drive the brake pad 3 and/or the piston 8 to restore when the brake is released.

In some embodiments, a lubrication oil passage 101 is provided in the caliper housing 1, the lubrication oil passage 101 being provided so as to be able to convey lubrication oil to the reduction mechanism and/or the conversion mechanism. By adopting the technical scheme, the lubricating oil duct 101 is connected into the speed reducing mechanism and/or the conversion mechanism, so that the performance of the speed reducing mechanism and/or the conversion mechanism can be ensured, and the reliability of the brake caliper can be ensured.

With the brake caliper, after the brake caliper is electrified, the motor 4 generates torque and rotation speed, the screw 701 of the planetary roller screw 7 is driven to rotate after the speed is reduced and the distance is increased through the speed reducing mechanism, so that the nut 703 is pushed to linearly move, the piston 8 is pushed out to generate braking force, and the magnitude and the direction of the braking force can be controlled through the magnitude and the direction of input current of the motor 4.

In some embodiments, the present utility model also provides an automobile comprising a brake caliper as described in any one of the preceding claims.

The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully explaining the present utility model, and the scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on the present utility model, and are intended to be within the scope of the present utility model. In the description of the present specification, a description referring to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "particular examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model in connection with the embodiment or example. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Further, one skilled in the art can engage and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

Claims (10)

1. A brake caliper comprising a caliper housing, a brake disc, a brake pad and an actuation assembly; the actuating assembly comprises a motor, a transmission structure, a piston and a sealing ring; a slide hole is formed in the caliper shell, and the piston is in sliding fit with the slide hole; the power output end of the motor is in transmission connection with the power input end of the transmission structure; the transmission structure can convert the rotary motion of the power input end of the transmission structure into the linear motion of the power output end of the transmission structure; the power output end of the transmission structure moves linearly to push the piston so that the piston drives the brake pad to abut against the brake disc; the sealing ring seals a gap between the outer circular surface of the piston and the inner circular surface of the sliding hole, a first annular groove is formed in the inner circular surface of the sliding hole, the outer ring part of the sealing ring is installed in the first annular groove, a second annular groove is formed in the outer circular surface of the piston, and the inner ring part of the sealing ring is installed in the second annular groove.

2. Brake calliper according to claim 1, wherein the sealing ring has a rectangular cross section, the outer circumferential surface of which is in sealing engagement with the groove bottom surface of the first annular groove, and the inner circumferential surface of which is in sealing engagement with the groove bottom surface of the second annular groove.

3. Brake calliper according to claim 1, wherein the width of the second annular groove in the axial direction of the slide hole is greater than the width of the inner ring portion of the sealing ring in the axial direction of the slide hole.

4. Brake calliper according to claim 1, wherein the piston comprises a piston side wall having a cylindrical shape and a piston bottom wall connected to an end of the piston side wall against the brake pad, the piston bottom wall closing an end of the piston side wall against the brake pad, the second annular groove being provided on an outer circumferential surface of the piston side wall.

5. Brake calliper according to claim 1, wherein one of said brake pads is provided on each side of the brake disc, and two of said actuating assemblies are provided for each of said brake pads.

6. Brake calliper according to claim 1, wherein the transmission comprises a reduction mechanism and a conversion mechanism, the power output of the motor being in transmission connection with the power input of the reduction mechanism, the power output of the reduction mechanism being in transmission connection with the power input of the conversion mechanism; the conversion mechanism can convert the rotary motion of the power input end of the conversion mechanism into the linear motion of the power output end of the conversion mechanism; the power output end of the conversion mechanism moves linearly to push the piston, so that the piston drives the brake pad to abut against the brake disc.

7. Brake calliper according to claim 6, wherein the reduction mechanism is a two-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism.

8. Brake calliper according to claim 6, wherein the conversion mechanism is a planetary roller screw.

9. Brake calliper according to claim 6, wherein a lubrication oil channel is provided in the calliper housing, which lubrication oil channel is arranged to be able to deliver lubrication oil to the reduction mechanism and/or the conversion mechanism.

10. An automobile comprising a brake caliper according to any one of claims 1-9.