CN2198505Y

CN2198505Y - Combined burning vertical boiler

Info

Publication number: CN2198505Y
Application number: CN 94225385
Authority: CN
Inventors: 夏德政; 夏光晖; 夏光武; 夏光普
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1994-02-26
Filing date: 1994-02-26
Publication date: 1995-05-24
Anticipated expiration: 2004-02-26

Abstract

The utility model relates to a combined combusting vertical type boiler which combines a positive combusting method, a reverse inverse combusting method and an open flame quadric combusting method to a whole. The utility model comprises a heat-exchange sandwich layer water jacket type boiler body, a cast-iron grate arranged at the lower layer of a hearth, the grate of an open flame secondary combusting water pipe arranged at the middle layer of the hearth and the grate of a reverse inverse combusting water pipe arranged on the upper layer of the hearth. The grates divide the hearth into a positive combustion chamber, an open flame quadric combustion chamber and a reverse inverse combustion chamber, and the smoke gas outlet of the quadric combustion chamber is connected with a heat exchanging device used as a heat-receiving surface. The utility model skillfully combines three combusting methods in one boiler body, and the dominance complementation can be obtained. And the utility model overcomes respectively existing problems in various combusting methods, and the performance of the boiler is excellent.

Description

Combined burning vertical boiler

The utility model relate to a kind of just integrate burn, the combined burning vertical boiler of reverse anti-burning, naked light second-time burning, belong to combustion apparatus.

A kind of double-layer grate counter-burning type water heater is disclosed in CN92235917.2, it is to be the burner hearth body wall with the heat exchange water jacket, the combustion chamber is provided with double-layer grate, is provided with by the bottomless drum shaped inner water sleeve in the heat-exchanging chamber of double-layer grate top and is arranged in the heating surface that the many horizontal rows water pipe in the inner water sleeve is formed.The base weak point is, the upper strata water pipe furnace grate adopts reverse anti-burning mode, grate heat release rate is less, and lower floor's casting furnace grate can not add new coal combustion, therefore exists the separate unit boiler furnace big, it is little to exert oneself, problems such as steel consumption is big, and the operation cross section is big, and combustion intensity is low, unit consumption is big, and the ignition condition of this combustion system and coal adaptability are relatively poor, not as forward combustion.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of advantage of burning, instead burning of just integrating, and volume is little, capacity is big, simple in structure, coal adaptability is strong, the thermal efficiency is high vertical boiler.

Technical solution of the present utility model is, comprise heat exchange intermediate water shell type body of heater, be arranged at lower floor's casting furnace grate and the reverse anti-pipe furnace row that heats up water in upper strata in the burner hearth, it is characterized in that being provided with naked light second-time burning water pipe furnace grate between the pipe furnace row at casting furnace grate and reverse counter heating up water, combustion chamber therebetween is divided into forward combustion chamber and naked fire secondary combustion chamber, is connected with heat-exchanger rig as heating surface at the exhanst gas outlet of naked fire secondary combustion chamber.

In the utility model, so-called naked light second-time burning is meant, leak down to come from the reverse anti-burn grate in upper strata with operation the uncombusted charcoal fire that gets off of hook burn away at the middle level fire grate, the naked light layer of a burning that forms, this middle level fire grate is called naked light second-time burning water pipe furnace grate, and this space above fire grate is called naked fire secondary combustion chamber.

The utility model has the advantages that, owing between reverse anti-burn grate and casting furnace grate, increased a naked light second-time burning fire grate, the utility model is become have the vertical boiler of three combustion chambers of three layers of fire grate, casting furnace grate can add new coal and carry out forward combustion, and new bottom, coal seam catches fire very superior, and coal adaptability is strong, grate heat release rate is big, the upper strata water pipe furnace grate is carried out reverse anti-burning, and the fugitive constituent in the coal is burnt when passing fire bed, and smoke medicining dust-removing effect is good.And burn away at the middle level fire grate from upper strata anti-burn grate hook and the red charcoal fire of uncombusted that leak down to come, forming naked light second-time burning layer, the outstanding function of this naked light layer is, can produce the anti-smoke abatement and dust control effect of burning of naked light, but the unburnt flue gas of secondary after-flame normal burning chamber; Obviously reduce the coefficient of excess air of furnace outlet; But the anti-unburnt carbon granules in chamber that burns of secondary after-flame; The temperature height of naked fire secondary combustion chamber is higher about 150 ℃ than the fire box temperature of double-layer grate.The reverse mixing of hot flame that unburnt flue gas and middle level naked light second-time burning fire grate rise during by upper grate forms short flame, burns the afterburnt in the chamber in that naked light is counter, influxs heating surface and carries out heat exchange.Like this just burning, reverse anti-burning, three kinds of combustion systems of the anti-burning of naked light concentrate on same body of heater dexterously, have complementary advantages, overcome the shortcoming that various combustion systems exist separately, make that to the utlity model has coal adaptability strong, grate heat release rate is big, smoke medicining dust-removing effect is good, volume is little, capacity is big, thermal efficiency height, the little advantage in operation cross section, the heating load of the utility model separate unit stove is 2.5 times of unidimensional cross section vertical double-grate boiler, operative radius reduces 300～400mm than with the capacity vertical double-grate boiler, and fire grate operation total area ratio reduces 40% with the capacity vertical double-grate boiler.

Following accompanying drawing has been described embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are structural representation of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 2.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is described in detail.The utility model is the vertical boiler with three layers of fire grate, is to the improvement of existing double-layer grate vertical boiler, makes it to become the type of furnace that has positive and negative burning simultaneously.As shown in FIG., body of heater 18 is cylindrical shape heat exchange water jackets of a sandwich, is provided with three layers of fire grate and three combustion chambers in the furnace chamber.4 is lower floor's casting furnace grate, and its upper space is forward combustion chamber 5, is slag chamber 1 below it.The 8th, middle level naked light second-time burning water pipe furnace grate, its upper space is a naked fire secondary combustion chamber 9, the exhanst gas outlet 11 of naked fire secondary combustion chamber is connected with the heat-exchanger rig as heating surface.The 12nd, the reverse anti-pipe furnace row that heats up water in upper strata, the space above it is reverse anti-burning combustion chamber 13.15 is air blast hole, reverse anti-burning chamber among the figure, and 14 is reverse anti-burning chamber fire door, and 10 is the bright big anti-chamber fire door that burns, and 6 is normal burning chamber's fire door, and 3 is clean-out door, and 2 is an air blast hole.Be to reduce the operation height, will be between above-mentioned 14,10 two fire doors and fire door 6 clean-out doors 3 orientation layout at an angle of 90, make the utility model handled easily on mutual two operating surfaces at an angle of 90.For optimizing the burning in the normal burning chamber, be provided with secondary air channel 7 in it, it is made up of along the equally distributed secondary air channel of combustion chamber inwall a plurality of, present embodiment is established four secondary air channels, be distributed in the cylindrical furnace body wall, their setting angle is that blowing direction is identical with the furnace wall angle, makes secondary wind produce swirling eddy in circular chamber.Secondary wind can make and just burning on the fire grate flue gas that burning produces and rotate in normal burning chamber and mix and burn like this, can not only improve the burning of normal burning chamber, and thereon uniform can make flue gas pass through naked light second-time burning fire grate the time, better with unburnt smoke combustion.In the utility model, reverse anti-pipe furnace row 12 and the naked light second-time burning water pipe furnace grate 8 of heating up water constitutes by the double-deck water pipe that fork row arranges, as shown in FIG., the cross section of water pipe furnace grate is triangular in shape arranges, this structure is compared with the individual layer water pipe furnace grate, draught area can increase by 50%, and flowing resistance obviously reduces, and makes the area thermic load of the reverse anti-burn grate in upper strata increase by 10～20% than single layer structure.

In embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, in body of heater 18, above the reverse anti-burning of the top of chamber chamber heat-exchanging chamber 20 is set, be provided with the exhaust gases passes that leads to heat-exchanging chamber from the exhanst gas outlet 11 of naked light secondary combustion chamber between one side of reverse anti-burning chamber and the inboard wall of furnace body, be provided with heat-exchanger rig in the heat-exchanging chamber 20, the side in body of heater 18 upper ends away from exhaust gases passes has exhaust opening 21.Reverse anti-burning chamber is to separate with heat-exchanging chamber and exhaust gases passes by the membrane type water wall 17 that is welded with fin between the water pipe, makes reverse anti-burning chamber operate as normal.The hot flame that reverse anti-burn grate 12 unburnt flue gases and middle level naked light second-time burning fire grate 8 rises on the upper strata is after reverse the mixing, forms short-flame and burns the afterburnt in the chamber in that naked light is counter, and high-temperature flue gas is poured into heat-exchanging chamber 20 from exhanst gas outlet 11 by exhaust gases passes.In the present embodiment, at the hyperthermia radiation heating surface 19 that the heat-exchanger rig of heat-exchanging chamber setting is made up of the horizontally-arranged tube bank, wherein the two ends of every pipe are connected with inboard wall of furnace body and water jacket connection with it.Flue gas behind the hyperthermia radiation heating surface comes out from exhaust opening 21, enters the heat-exchanger rig as the heat convection heating surface that is arranged on outside the body of heater 18.It is to be the vertical horizontal water tube heat exchanger of body wall with the heat exchange water jacket, inner chamber distribution horizontally-arranged tube bank 28 at heat exchange body wall 23, and be separated into many backhauls flue, the two ends of every horizontal water tube are connected with the water jacket body wall and are communicated with its water jacket, heat exchanger smoke inlet 25 is connected with body of heater exhaust opening 21, the furnace water jacket upper end is connected with heat exchanger water jacket upper end by cocycle water pipe 22, and circulating water pipe 32 was connected with heat exchanger water jacket lower end under the furnace water jacket lower end was passed through.Present embodiment is that the membrane type water wall 27 by being welded with fin between the water pipe is divided into two backhaul flues vertically with the inner chamber of water jacket body wall 23, at last cigarette is discharged from exhaust opening 26.24 is outlet pipe among the figure, and 30 is water inlet pipe, and 31 is cleaning door.

The difference of second embodiment shown in Figure 2 and the foregoing description is, has the exhanst gas outlet 11 that directly leads to body of heater 18 outsides from the naked light secondary combustion chamber, the heat-exchanger rig that exhanst gas outlet 11 connects as heating surface at the sidewall of naked fire secondary combustion chamber 9.In the present embodiment, in body of heater 18, do not establish heat-exchanging chamber, high-temperature flue gas in the naked fire secondary combustion chamber is directly from its exhanst gas outlet 11, pour in the heat-exchanger rig that is located at outside the body of heater, peace is made up of cylindrical shape heat exchange water cover body wall 33 and the horizontally-arranged tube bank 34 that is distributed in its inner chamber, wherein the two ends of every horizontal water tube are connected with body wall and are communicated with its water jacket, the body wall inner chamber is separated into two backhaul flues, the smoke inlet 41 of heat exchanger is connected with naked fire secondary combustion chamber exhanst gas outlet 11, the furnace water jacket upper end is connected with body wall 33 water jackets upper end by cocycle water pipe 22, and circulating water pipe 32 was connected with body wall 33 water jacket lower ends under the furnace water jacket lower end was passed through.As shown in FIG., the inner chamber of heat exchange water cover body wall 33 is divided into two backhaul flues by membrane type water wall 37 vertical and that level is installed.In this heat-exchanger rig, the heating surface of close exhanst gas outlet 11 belongs to the hyperthermia radiation heating surface, genus heat convection heating surface far away.35 is the exhaust opening of heat-exchanger rig among the figure, and 36,38 is cleaning door.

To above two embodiment test results, about 180 ℃ of exhaust gas temperatures, solid uncombusted total losses 6～8%, the loss of gas uncombusted is lower than 1%, coefficient of excess air 1.15～1.25, and the thermal efficiency is more than 80%, 0～1 grade of lingemann blackness, smoke dust discharge concentration are lower than 200 milligrams/meter ³

Claims

1, a kind of combined burning vertical boiler, comprise heat exchange intermediate water shell type body of heater (18), be arranged on lower floor's casting furnace grate (4) and the reverse anti-pipe furnace row (12) that heats up water in upper strata in the burner hearth, it is characterized in that casting furnace grate (4) and reverse counter heating up water are provided with naked light second-time burning water pipe furnace grate (8) between the pipe furnace row (12), combustion chamber therebetween is divided into forward combustion chamber (5) and naked fire secondary combustion chamber (9), connects heat-exchanger rig as heating surface at the exhanst gas outlet (11) of naked fire secondary combustion chamber.

2, vertical boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above the reverse anti-burning of the interior top of chamber of body of heater (18) chamber heat-exchanging chamber (20) being set, be provided with the exhaust gases passes that leads to heat-exchanging chamber from the exhanst gas outlet (11) of naked light secondary combustion chamber between one side of reverse anti-burning chamber and the inboard wall of furnace body, heat-exchanging chamber is provided with heat-exchanger rig in (20), and the side in body of heater (18) upper end away from exhaust gases passes has exhaust opening (21).

3, vertical boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that the hyperthermia radiation heating surface (19) of described heat-exchanger rig for being made up of the horizontally-arranged tube bank, and wherein the two ends of every pipe are connected with inboard wall of furnace body and water jacket connection with it.

4, vertical boiler according to claim 3, it is characterized in that also being provided with the heat exchange water jacket is the vertical horizontal water tube heat exchanger of body wall, inner chamber distribution horizontally-arranged tube bank (28) at cylindrical shape heat exchange water cover body wall (23), and be separated into many backhauls flue, the two ends of every horizontal water tube are connected with the water jacket body wall and are communicated with its water jacket, heat exchanger smoke inlet (25) is connected with body of heater exhaust opening (21), the furnace water jacket upper end is connected with heat exchanger water jacket upper end by cocycle water pipe (22), and circulating water pipe (32) was connected with heat exchanger water jacket lower end under the furnace water jacket lower end was passed through.

5, vertical boiler according to claim 1, the sidewall that it is characterized in that naked fire secondary combustion chamber (9) has the anti-chamber of burning of self-evident secondary combustion and directly leads to the outer exhanst gas outlet (11) of body of heater (18), and exhanst gas outlet (11) connects the heat-exchanger rig as heating surface.

6, vertical boiler according to claim 5, it is characterized in that the horizontally-arranged tube bank (34) that described heat-exchanger rig overlaps body wall (33) by heat exchange water and is distributed in its inner chamber forms, wherein the two ends of every horizontal water tube are connected with body wall and are communicated with its water jacket, the body wall inner chamber is separated into two backhaul flues, the smoke inlet of heat exchanger (39) is connected with naked fire secondary combustion chamber's exhanst gas outlet (11), the furnace water jacket upper end is connected with body wall (33) water jacket upper end by cocycle water pipe (22), and circulating water pipe (32) was connected with body wall (33) water jacket lower end under the furnace water jacket lower end was passed through.

7,, it is characterized in that being provided with in the forward combustion chamber (5) secondary air channel (7) according to claim 1,2,3,4,5 or 6 described vertical boilers.

8,, it is characterized in that the described reverse anti-pipe furnace of heating up water is arranged (12) and naked light second-time burning water pipe furnace grate (8) constitutes by the double-deck water pipe that fork row arranges according to claim 1,2,3,4,5 or 6 described vertical boilers.