CN219780950U - Automatic depth-limiting ordered leaf vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an automatic depth-limiting ordered leaf vegetable harvester, which comprises: the harvesting device is arranged at the front end of the header, the ordered conveying device, the collecting device is fixed at the output end of the ordered conveying device, and the rack is used for supporting the header; the cutting table is characterized in that a sliding component for sliding the cutting table on the frame is correspondingly arranged on the cutting table and the frame; the bottom of the header is provided with a height control and depth limiting device, and the bottom of the front end is provided with an ultrasonic sensor; the machine frame is provided with a control device for adjusting the height and depth control device, the ultrasonic sensor is electrically connected with the control device, and the control device receives the height signal of the ultrasonic sensor to automatically adjust the height and depth control device.

Description

Automatic depth-limiting ordered leaf vegetable harvester

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to an automatic depth-limiting ordered leaf vegetable harvester.

Background

Along with the improvement of modern life quality, the demands of people on the quantity and quality of vegetables are greatly improved, leaf vegetables are taken as important components, the mechanized harvesting technology of the leaf vegetables is more and more paid attention to, the mechanized degree of the current leaf vegetable harvesting link is extremely low, and the harvesting operation is still mainly finished by manpower.

The domestic leaf vegetable harvesting machine technology starts later, has a plurality of problems to be solved urgently, and because of various leaf vegetable varieties and extensive agronomic technology, the requirement on the adaptability of the harvester is extremely high, and not only is the existing harvester which uses a gasoline engine, a diesel engine and a hydraulic system more frequently, a certain environmental pollution is easy to generate, but also most harvesters cannot realize the harvesting of vegetables such as spinach, artemisia selengensis and the like with roots, are difficult to harvest orderly, and need manual subsequent treatment.

Patent number CN202021890328.2 discloses a novel orderly harvester of vegetables, makes vegetables orderly reaping through ripple centre gripping area, but runs into unsmooth ridge face when the results, and the machine can't adjust the height of header in real time, causes the harvester to stop very easily, reduces harvest quality to after reaping, still need the transmission crops to arrive behind the buffer frame stop of side, the operator takes off vegetables from the buffer frame again and puts into putting the incasement, very inconvenient.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides an automatic depth-limiting ordered leaf vegetable harvester which is small in size and high in applicability according to the prior technical conditions and the requirements of farmers on leaf vegetable harvesters.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

an automatic depth limiting type ordered leaf vegetable harvester, comprising: the harvesting device is arranged at the front end of the header, the ordered conveying device, the collecting device is fixed at the output end of the ordered conveying device, and the rack is used for supporting the header; the cutting table and the frame are correspondingly provided with sliding components for the cutting table to slide on the frame; the bottom of the header is provided with a height control and depth limiting device, and the bottom of the front end is provided with an ultrasonic sensor; the stand is provided with a control device for adjusting the height and depth control device, the ultrasonic sensor is electrically connected with the control device, and the control device receives the height signal of the ultrasonic sensor to automatically adjust the height and depth control device.

As a further scheme of the utility model, the sliding component comprises a supporting frame which is arranged on the frame and provided with a sliding mechanism, and a sliding rail frame which is fixedly arranged on the cutting table and provided with a sliding rail, and the sliding rail and the sliding mechanism are nested and slide.

As a further aspect of the present utility model, a height and depth control device includes: a push rod motor fixedly arranged on the frame, and an electric push rod which is driven by the push rod motor and is arranged in parallel with the cutting table; the movable end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with a push rod seat arranged at the bottom of the front end of the header.

As a further aspect of the present utility model, the control device is internally installed with:

an input module: the ultrasonic sensor is used for receiving input signals of the ultrasonic sensor and the control device;

and the central processing unit: the input module is electrically connected with the input module and is responsible for processing input signals and executing control programs;

and an output module: is electrically connected with the central processing unit and is used for outputting signals to control the motor and the height and depth control device.

As a further aspect of the present utility model, the ordered delivery device includes: the cutting machine comprises a plurality of groove plates which are arranged at intervals and are connected to the front end and the rear end of a cutting table in a sliding manner, a grain dividing device fixedly arranged on the front side of the groove plates, a belt wheel shaft arranged at the front and rear sliding ends of the groove plates, a conveying belt which is wrapped on the outer sides of the groove plates and is contacted with the belt wheel shaft, and a corrugated belt which is fixed on the outer side surface of the conveying belt in a wavy manner; adjacent corrugated belts are embedded alternately and run in opposite directions to form a feeding structure.

As a further aspect of the present utility model, a space adjusting device is provided between the trough plates, the space adjusting device includes: the fixed frame is fixedly arranged on the groove-shaped plate, and the fixed rods are fixedly connected to two sides of the header and penetrate through the fixed frame; two threaded rods and threaded sleeves which are in threaded connection between the two threaded rods are fixedly connected between the adjacent fixing frames.

As a further aspect of the present utility model, the corrugated strip surface is provided with a static brush.

As a further scheme of the utility model, the harvesting device comprises a reciprocating motor fixed on the header and a cutting knife driven by the reciprocating motor, wherein the cutting knife is a multi-tooth blade and is detachably provided with a blade protector and a blade protector beam.

As a further scheme of the utility model, the output end of the ordered conveying device is provided with a steering device, and the steering device is a cylindrical rod transversely arranged between two sides of the output end of the ordered conveying device and is spaced from the conveying surface of the cutting table.

As a further scheme of the utility model, the power device comprises a travelling mechanism, a driving motor for driving the travelling mechanism and a storage battery pack arranged in the frame.

As a further scheme of the utility model, the harvesting device comprises a reciprocating motor fixed on the header and a cutting knife driven by the reciprocating motor, wherein the cutting knife is a multi-tooth blade and is detachably provided with a blade protector and a blade protector beam.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. before harvesting, working parameters of the machine are set through a touch screen connected with a PLC control system, and when harvesting, leaf vegetables are close to a cutter under the extrusion of the front and the closing action of a divider. When the harvesting height is affected due to factors such as slope or concave-convex ridge surfaces, the sensor acquires signals and inputs the signals into the controller, and the controller controls the electric push rod to automatically adjust the harvesting height.

2. The cut vegetables are captured by the clamping belt, when the leaf vegetables are orderly conveyed to the tail end of the clamping belt, the leaf vegetables are stumbled by the steering device, and the fallen vegetables orderly fall into the collecting device, so that the orderly harvesting of the leaf vegetables is completed.

3. The utility model considers the problem of planting space inside and outside the greenhouse, reduces the volume of the whole equipment, orderly harvests after a series of transmission, and improves the labor efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a general schematic of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the lower structure of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a harvesting apparatus;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an ordered delivery device;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a corrugated clamp belt;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view at A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a control device;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a power plant;

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the connection of the modules of the PLC system;

fig. 10 is a flowchart of the operation of the PLC system.

Reference numerals in the drawings: 1. a harvesting device; 11. a cutting knife; 12. a reciprocating motor; 2. an ordered conveying device; 21. a seedling dividing device; 22. a trough plate; 23. a pulley shaft; 24. a conveyor belt; 25. a corrugated belt; 27. a spacing adjusting device; 27a, a fixing frame; 27b, a fixed rod; 27. c, a threaded rod; 28c, threaded sleeve; 3. a cutting table; 31. a sliding assembly; 4. a frame; 41. a frame body; 42. a support frame; 42a, a sliding mechanism; 43. a slide rail frame; 43a, a slide rail; 44. a handle; 5. a steering device; 6. a control device; 6a, an input module; 6b, a central processing unit; 6c, an output module; 61. a main switch; 62. an automatic depth limiting start switch; 63. a speed adjustment knob; 64. a speed adjustment gear button; 65. an emergency stop button; 66. a touch screen; 7. a collecting device; 8. a height and depth control device; 81. an electric push rod; 82. a push rod motor; 83. a push rod seat; 9. an ultrasonic sensor; 10. a power device; 101. a walking mechanism; 102. a battery pack; 103. and driving the motor.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, it being understood that the specific examples described herein are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

The automatic depth limiting type ordered leaf vegetable harvester shown in the figures 1-2 comprises a power device 10, a header 3, a harvesting device 1 arranged at the front end of the header 3, an ordered conveying device 2, a collecting device 7 fixed at the output end of the ordered conveying device 2 and a frame 4 arranged at the bottom of the header 3 and used for supporting the header 3; the header 3 and the frame 4 are correspondingly provided with a sliding component 31 for the header 3 to slide on the frame 4; specifically, the stand 4 includes a stand body 41 provided with a handle 44, and both sides of the stand body 41 support the header 3 by providing a support frame 42 with a sliding mechanism 42 a; the cutting table 3 is fixedly provided with a sliding rail frame 43 with sliding rails 43a on two sides of the supporting frame 42 for the sliding mechanism 42a to slide in a nested manner; the bottom of the header 3 is provided with a height control and depth limiting device 8, and a control device 6 for adjusting the height control and depth limiting device 8 is arranged on the frame.

Referring to fig. 8, the power device 10 includes a travelling mechanism 101, a driving motor 103 for driving the travelling mechanism 101, and a battery pack 102 installed inside the frame 4, and adopts an electric driving mode to solve the environmental pollution caused by the use of gasoline engines and diesel engines in the existing harvester.

Referring to fig. 2, the height and depth control device 8 includes: a push rod motor 82 fixedly mounted on the frame 4, and an electric push rod 81 which is driven by the push rod motor 82 and is arranged in parallel with the cutting table 3; the movable end of the electric push rod 81 is fixedly connected with a push rod seat 83 arranged at the bottom of the front end of the header 3, so that the header 3 is pushed forward in parallel along with the movable end of the electric push rod 81 by sliding relative to the support frame 42 through a sliding rail frame, an ultrasonic sensor 9 is arranged at the front end of the push rod seat 83, which is close to the bottom of the harvesting end of the header 3, and the ultrasonic sensor 9 is used for receiving a front ridge surface height signal and transmitting the front ridge surface height signal to the control device 6.

Referring to fig. 3, the harvesting apparatus 1 includes a reciprocating motor 12 fixed to one side of the header 3 by bolts, and a cutter 11 disposed at the front end of the header 3 and driven by the reciprocating motor 12; the reciprocating motor 12 and the cutter 11 are matched to harvest vegetables, the cutter 11 is a multi-tooth blade, and the cutter protector beam are disassembled and connected through a screw interface for replacing single and double cutters.

Referring to fig. 7, a main switch 61, an automatic depth limiting start switch 62, a speed adjusting knob 63, a speed adjusting gear button 64, an scram button 65 and a touch screen 66 are arranged on the control device; the control device 6 is used for setting parameters of the harvester, adjusting the advancing speed and the conveying speed, so that the harvesting efficiency is improved; furthermore, the harvesting height can be set, the harvesting height is controlled by matching with the ultrasonic sensor 9, the interior of the control device can be a traditional and existing PLC control system, and the utility model provides one specific control system which comprises the following modules:

input module 6a: for receiving input signals of the ultrasonic sensor 9, the control device 6;

the central processing unit 6b: is electrically connected with the input module 6a and is responsible for processing input signals and executing control programs;

output module 6c: is electrically connected with the central processing unit 6b and is used for outputting signals to control the motor and the height and depth control device 8.

Referring to fig. 9, the control device 6 inputs a predetermined height parameter into the central processor 6b, the central processor 6b receives the height information of the front ridge surface input by the ultrasonic sensor 9 in real time, when the height of the header 3 from the ridge surface is insufficient or higher than the predetermined height of the parameter, the central processor 6b outputs a height adjusting signal to the push rod motor 82 so as to control the electric push rod 81 to adjust the height of the header 3 to the predetermined height of the parameter, thereby solving the problems of reduced harvesting quality and the like caused by blockage due to factors such as concave-convex ridge surface during harvesting.

Referring to fig. 4, the ordered conveying device 2 includes a plurality of trough plates 22 slidably connected to the front and rear ends of the header 3 and arranged at intervals, a grain separating device 21 fixedly mounted on the front side of the trough plates 22, a pulley shaft 23 arranged at the front and rear sliding ends of the trough plates 22, and a conveyor belt 24.

The two trough plates 22 are in a group, the conveyor belt 24 wraps the outer sides of the trough plates 22 and is in contact with the belt wheel shafts 23, each belt wheel shaft 23 is driven by an independent motor below the belt wheel shaft, the conveyor belt 24 is a plane belt, the corrugated belts 25 are tightly arranged on the outer side faces of the conveyor belt 24, the corrugated belts 25 are corrugated flexible rubber belts, the corrugated belts 25 on the adjacent trough plates 22 are alternatively embedded, the two conveyor belts 24 of the same group rotate in opposite directions, particularly, a feeding structure is formed, the front sides of the two adjacent trough plates 22 which do not form the feeding structure are fixedly provided with a grain separating device 21, the bottom plane of the grain separating device 21 is parallel to the horizontal ground, the grain separating device plays a role of straightening and gathering, vegetables can be better distinguished between the corrugated belts 25 which form the positive and negative rotation of the feeding structure, the non-feeding inlet is avoided, and the vegetables fed each time can be clamped at the groove positions of the corrugated belts 25 to play a limiting role, so that the vegetables after harvesting can move upwards along the corrugated belts 25, and the vegetables can be well prevented from falling down.

Still be provided with quiet brush on the ripple area 25, in taking root harvest transportation in-process, leaf vegetable root remaining earth can be cleared up by quiet brush on the ripple area 25.

The ordered conveying device 2 is designed in consideration of the fact that the leaves and the stems of the vegetables are crisp, damage to the leaves and the vegetables can be reduced, and the vegetables can be clamped and conveyed one by one to promote ordered harvest.

Referring to fig. 4 and 6, the orderly conveying device 2 is further provided with a spacing adjusting device 27, and the spacing adjusting device 27 includes: the fixed frames 27a fixedly arranged on the trough plates 22, the fixed rods 27b fixedly connected to the two sides of the header 3 and penetrating through the fixed frames 27a, two threaded rods 27c and a threaded sleeve 28c which is in threaded connection between the two threaded rods 27c are fixedly connected between the fixed frames 27a on two adjacent trough plates which do not form a feeding structure; the two threaded rods 27c are positive and negative external threads, and the two ends of the threaded sleeve 28c are positive and negative internal threads matched with the threaded sleeve; the length of the two threaded rods 27c in the threaded sleeve 28c can be controlled by rotating the threaded sleeve 28c, so that the distance between the two corrugated clamping belts can be adjusted.

Referring to fig. 4, in order to automatically and orderly drop vegetables into the collecting device 7 after harvesting, the output end of the ordered conveying device 2 is further provided with a steering device 5, and the steering device 5 is a cylindrical rod transversely arranged between two sides of the header 3 and leaves a space with the conveying surface of the header 3. The device is used for tripping leaf vegetables along the same direction to realize reversing, when the leaf vegetables are orderly conveyed to the tail end of the clamping belt, the leaf vegetables are tripped by the steering device 5, and the fallen vegetables orderly fall into the collecting device 7, so that the orderly harvesting of the leaf vegetables is completed.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

when the automatic depth limiting type leaf vegetable ordered harvester is used for harvesting leaf vegetables, the working parameters of the machine are set through the touch screen 66 connected with the PLC control system, and the harvesting height is adjusted. When harvesting, the leaf vegetables are drawn towards the cutter 11 under the action of the grain separating device 21, and the lower cutter 11 cuts the leaf vegetables. The harvester is designed with two cutting devices, namely a harvesting device with roots and a harvesting device without roots. When the harvesting height is affected due to factors such as slope or concave-convex ridge surface, the ultrasonic sensor 9 acquires signals and inputs the electric signals into the control device 6 through calculation, and the control device 6 controls the electric push rod 81 to automatically adjust the harvesting height. The cut vegetables are captured by the corrugated belt 25, and in the process of harvesting and conveying the roots of the vegetables, the residual soil at the roots of the vegetables is cleaned by a static brush under the corrugated belt 25; when leaf vegetables are orderly conveyed to the tail end of the corrugated belt 25, the direction change is realized after the leaf vegetables which are about to be separated from the corrugated belt 25 are stumbled along the same direction by the steering device 5, orderly fallen vegetables continuously fall into the collecting device 7, and then orderly harvesting of the leaf vegetables is completed.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model, and furthermore, in the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. An automatic depth limiting type ordered leaf vegetable harvester, comprising: the harvesting device comprises a power device (10), a header (3), a harvesting device (1) arranged at the front end of the header (3), an ordered conveying device (2), a collecting device (7) fixed at the output end of the ordered conveying device (2) and a rack (4) for supporting the header (3); the cutting table is characterized in that a sliding component (31) for the cutting table (3) to slide on the frame (4) is correspondingly arranged on the cutting table (3) and the frame (4); the bottom of the header (3) is provided with a height control and depth limiting device (8), and the bottom of the front end is provided with an ultrasonic sensor (9); the machine frame (4) is provided with a control device (6) for adjusting the height and depth control device (8), the ultrasonic sensor (9) is electrically connected with the control device (6), and the control device (6) receives a height signal of the ultrasonic sensor (9) to automatically adjust the height and depth control device (8).

2. The automatic depth limiting ordered leaf vegetable harvester according to claim 1, wherein the sliding assembly (31) comprises a supporting frame (42) provided with a sliding mechanism (42 a) and a sliding rail frame (43) fixedly provided with a sliding rail (43 a) on the cutting table (3), and the sliding rail (43 a) and the sliding mechanism (42 a) are nested and slide.

3. An automatic depth limiting ordered leaf vegetable harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that the height and depth limiting device (8) comprises: a push rod motor (82) fixedly arranged on the frame (4), and an electric push rod (81) which is driven by the push rod motor (82) and is arranged in parallel with the cutting table (3); the movable end of the electric push rod (81) is fixedly connected with a push rod seat (83) arranged at the bottom of the front end of the header (3).

4. An automatic depth limiting ordered leaf vegetable harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device (6) is internally mounted with:

input module (6 a): input signals for receiving the ultrasonic sensor (9) and the control device (6);

central processing unit (6 b): is electrically connected with the input module (6 a) and is responsible for processing input signals and executing control programs;

output module (6 c): is electrically connected with the central processing unit (6 b) and is used for outputting signals to control the motor and the height and depth control device (8).

5. An automatic depth limiting ordered leaf vegetable harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the ordered conveying device (2) comprises: the cutting machine comprises a plurality of groove plates (22) which are arranged at intervals and are connected with the front end and the rear end of a cutting table (3) in a sliding manner, a grain separating device (21) fixedly arranged on the front side of the groove plates (22), a pulley shaft (23) arranged at the front and rear sliding ends of the groove plates (22), a conveyor belt (24) which is wrapped on the outer side of the groove plates (22) and is contacted with the pulley shaft (23), and a corrugated belt (25) which is fixed on the outer side surface of the conveyor belt (24) in a wavy manner; adjacent corrugated belts (25) are mutually embedded and run in opposite directions to form a feeding structure.

6. The automatic depth limiting ordered leaf vegetable harvester of claim 5, wherein: a spacing adjusting device (27) is arranged between the groove-shaped plates (22), and the spacing adjusting device (27) comprises: a fixing frame (27 a) fixedly arranged on the groove-shaped plate (22), and a fixing rod (27 b) fixedly connected to two sides of the header (3) and penetrating through the fixing frame (27 a); two threaded rods (27 c) and a threaded sleeve (28 c) which is in threaded connection with the two threaded rods (27 c) are fixedly connected between the adjacent fixing frames (27 a).

7. An automatic depth limiting ordered leaf vegetable harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that the corrugated belt (25) is provided with static brushes on its surface.

8. The automatic depth-limiting ordered leaf vegetable harvester according to claim 5, wherein the output end of the ordered conveying device (2) is provided with a steering device (5), and the steering device (5) is a cylindrical rod transversely arranged between two sides of the output end of the ordered conveying device (2) and is spaced from the conveying surface of the cutting table (3).

9. The automatic depth limiting ordered leaf vegetable harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the power device (10) comprises a travelling mechanism (101), a driving motor (103) for driving the travelling mechanism (101) and a storage battery pack (102) arranged in the frame (4).

10. The automatic depth limiting ordered leaf vegetable harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the harvesting device (1) comprises a reciprocating motor (12) fixed on the header (3) and a cutting knife (11) driven by the reciprocating motor (12), wherein the cutting knife (11) is a multi-tooth blade and is detachably provided with a blade protector and a blade protector beam.