CN219536781U - Wheat seeding and fertilizing combined machine - Google Patents

Wheat seeding and fertilizing combined machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN219536781U
CN219536781U CN202320475238.4U CN202320475238U CN219536781U CN 219536781 U CN219536781 U CN 219536781U CN 202320475238 U CN202320475238 U CN 202320475238U CN 219536781 U CN219536781 U CN 219536781U
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China
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seeding
fertilizer
fertilizing
frame
rotating shaft
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CN202320475238.4U
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刘江涛
李涛
桑永英
胡敏英
孔德刚
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Heibei Agricultural University
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Heibei Agricultural University
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a wheat seeding and fertilizing combined machine, which comprises a frame, wherein a rotary tillage mechanism and a ditching mechanism are arranged in the middle of the lower part of the frame, a seeding mechanism and a fertilizing mechanism are arranged above the rotary tillage mechanism and the ditching mechanism, travelling mechanisms are arranged at two ends of the frame, a plurality of seeding monitoring devices are uniformly arranged on the seeding mechanism, and a plurality of fertilizing monitoring devices are uniformly arranged on the fertilizing mechanism. The utility model ensures reasonable plant spacing and sowing depth, monitors the residual quantity of seeds and fertilizer through the gravity sensors of the seed box and the fertilizer box, and sends out an emptying alarm when the seeds and the fertilizer are emptied; seeds enter the seeding monitoring device through the outer grooved wheel type seeding apparatus, and the capacitance sensor in the copper-clad shell generates capacitance variation and transmits the capacitance variation to the upper computer for processing, so that the purpose of monitoring the seed miss-seeding condition in real time is achieved.

Description

Wheat seeding and fertilizing combined machine
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of wheat planting agricultural machinery, in particular to a wheat seeding and fertilizing combined machine.
Background
Wheat is used as main planting and agricultural product consumption in China, and has an irreplaceable effect in national economy in China, so that the technology level of wheat planting, especially the level of precise agriculture and precise sowing, must be improved in order to improve the yield of wheat. At present, farmland in China is in a large-scale integration process, and large-area farmland centralized planting modes such as northeast and Xinjiang appear in the future, and if the farmland is planted in a traditional mode, the improvement of agricultural product yield is severely restricted due to large information differences such as soil conditions and climate conditions in the large-area farmland. The traditional wheat seeder has low intelligent level, can not realize accurate monitoring of seed sowing quantity, can not realize accurate control of fertilizer application quantity, and can not realize farmland sowing operation of different lands according to a prescription chart. In addition, the traditional wheat seeder is easy to cause the problems that the 'over-dense and over-sparse' fertilizer cannot be completely absorbed by crops and the like, and seriously influences the wheat yield and the later management work.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a wheat seeding and fertilizing combined machine, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model relates to a wheat seeding and fertilizing combined machine, which comprises a frame, wherein a rotary tillage mechanism and a ditching mechanism are arranged in the middle of the lower part of the frame, a seeding mechanism and a fertilizing mechanism are arranged above the rotary tillage mechanism and the ditching mechanism, travelling mechanisms are arranged at two ends of the frame, a plurality of seeding monitoring devices are uniformly arranged on the seeding mechanism, and a plurality of fertilizer discharging monitoring devices are uniformly arranged on the fertilizing mechanism.
Further, the frame is connected with an external tractor in a three-point suspension mode.
Further, the rotary tillage mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft which is rotatably arranged at the lower part of the frame, and a plurality of groups of rotary tillage blades are uniformly arranged on the first rotating shaft.
Further, the ditching mechanism comprises a rotatable second rotating shaft, a plurality of double-disc ditchers are uniformly arranged on the second rotating shaft, each disc ditcher is respectively connected with a ditcher connecting piece arranged at the lower part of the frame, and an ultrasonic ranging sensor for detecting the distance between the ditcher connecting piece and the ground is arranged on the ditcher connecting piece.
Further, the sowing mechanism comprises a seed box which is arranged at the upper part of the frame and is positioned above the plurality of furrow opener connecting pieces, and two first gravity sensors are arranged at two ends of the bottom of the seed box; the bottom of the seed box is rotatably provided with a third rotating shaft and a seeding motor for driving the third rotating shaft to rotate, a plurality of outer grooved pulley type seed metering devices communicated with the interior of the seed box are uniformly arranged on the third rotating shaft, and a plurality of seeding monitoring devices are respectively arranged below the outer grooved pulley type seed metering devices.
Further, each seeding monitoring device comprises a copper-clad shell communicated with the bottom of the outer grooved wheel type seeding apparatus and a capacitance sensor arranged inside the copper-clad shell.
Further, the fertilizing mechanism comprises a fertilizer box which is arranged on the upper portion of the frame and is close to the upper portion of the rotary tillage mechanism, two second gravity sensors are arranged at two ends of the bottom of the fertilizer box, a fourth rotating shaft and a fertilizer discharging motor which is used for driving the fourth rotating shaft to rotate are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box, a plurality of outer sheave type fertilizer feeders which are communicated with the inner portion of the fertilizer box are uniformly arranged on the fourth rotating shaft, and a plurality of fertilizer discharging monitoring devices are respectively arranged below the outer sheave type fertilizer feeders.
Further, each fertilizer discharge monitoring device comprises a fertilizer guide pipe communicated with the bottom of the outer sheave type fertilizer distributor and a correlation type infrared sensor arranged inside the fertilizer guide pipe.
Further, the travelling mechanism comprises a pressing wheel arranged on the lower portion of the frame and close to the ditching mechanism and a depth limiting wheel arranged on the lower portion of the frame and close to the rotary tillage mechanism, the pressing wheel is arranged on the frame through a chain transmission mechanism, and a speed measuring sensor is arranged on a driving shaft of the chain transmission mechanism.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial technical effects that:
when the rotary tillage machine works, the machine is connected with an external tractor through a three-point suspension type frame, and a power output shaft of the external tractor drives the ditching mechanism and the rotary tillage mechanism to rotate so as to realize rotary tillage and ditching of soil. The ultrasonic ranging sensor measures the distance from the double-disc furrow opener to the ground, and when the seeder is detected to enter a seeding state, the speed signal processing is carried out, the outer grooved pulley type seed sowing device switch is controlled, and the upper computer is used for controlling the rotation speed of the seeding motor and the rotation speed of the fertilizer discharging motor to be matched according to the speed signal feedback, so that reasonable plant spacing and reasonable seeding depth are ensured.
In the working process, the residual quantity of seeds and fertilizer is monitored through gravity sensors of the seed box and the fertilizer box, and an emptying alarm is sent out when the seeds and the fertilizer are emptied. Seeds enter the seeding monitoring device through the outer grooved wheel type seeding apparatus, and the capacitance sensor in the copper-clad shell generates capacitance variation and transmits the capacitance variation to the upper computer for processing, so that the purpose of monitoring the seed miss-seeding condition in real time is achieved. Fertilizer enters the fertilizer discharge monitoring device through the outer sheave type fertilizer distributor, and when the fertilizer is blocked, the photoelectric sensor in the fertilizer guide pipe does not generate signal change, and a fertilizer blocking alarm is sent out.
Drawings
The utility model is further described with reference to the following description of the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a right side view of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a front cross-sectional structure of the seeding monitoring device of the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a fertilizer monitoring device of the present utility model;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a control system according to the present utility model.
Reference numerals illustrate: 100. a frame; 200. a rotary tillage mechanism; 201. a first rotating shaft; 202. assembling rotary tillage blades; 300. a ditching mechanism; 301. a second rotating shaft; 302. a shank coupling; 303. an ultrasonic ranging sensor; 304. a disk opener; 400. a sowing mechanism; 401. a third rotating shaft; 402. a seed box; 403. an outer sheave seed metering device; 404. sowing a motor; 405. a seeding monitoring device; 406 and 407, a first gravity sensor; 408. a copper clad housing; 409. a capacitive sensor; 500. a walking mechanism; 501. a press wheel; 502. a depth stop wheel; 503. a speed sensor; 600. a fertilization mechanism; 601. a fourth rotating shaft; 602. a fertilizer box; 603. an outer sheave type fertilizer distributor; 604. a fertilizer discharging motor; 605. a fertilizer discharge monitoring device; 606 and 607, a second gravity sensor; 608. a fertilizer guiding pipe; 609. and a correlation type infrared sensor.
Description of the embodiments
As shown in fig. 1-6, the wheat seeding and fertilizing combined machine comprises a machine frame 100, wherein the machine frame 100 is connected with an external tractor in a three-point suspension mode.
A rotary tillage mechanism 200 and a ditching mechanism 300 are arranged in the middle of the lower part of the frame 100, a seeding mechanism 400 and a fertilizing mechanism 600 are arranged above the rotary tillage mechanism 200 and the ditching mechanism 300, and travelling mechanisms 500 are arranged at two ends of the frame 200. A plurality of seeding monitoring devices 405 are uniformly arranged on the seeding mechanism 400, and a plurality of fertilizer discharging monitoring devices 605 are uniformly arranged on the fertilizing mechanism.
The rotary tillage mechanism 200 comprises a first rotating shaft 201 rotatably installed at the lower part of the stand 100, and a plurality of groups of rotary tillage blades 202 are uniformly installed on the first rotating shaft 201.
The ditching mechanism 300 comprises a rotatable second rotating shaft 301, a plurality of double-disc ditchers 304 are uniformly arranged on the second rotating shaft 301, each disc ditcher 304 is respectively connected with a ditcher connecting piece 302 arranged at the lower part of the frame 100, and an ultrasonic ranging sensor 303 for detecting the distance between the ditcher connecting piece 302 and the ground is arranged on the ditcher connecting piece 302.
The sowing mechanism 400 includes a seed box 402 mounted on the upper portion of the frame 100 above the plurality of shank connectors 302, and two first gravity sensors 406 and 407 are mounted on both ends of the bottom of the seed box 402. The bottom of the seed box 402 is rotatably provided with a third rotating shaft 401 and a seeding motor 404 for driving the third rotating shaft 401 to rotate, the third rotating shaft 401 is uniformly provided with a plurality of outer grooved wheel type seed metering devices 403 communicated with the interior of the seed box 402, and a plurality of seeding monitoring devices 405 are respectively arranged below the outer grooved wheel type seed metering devices 403.
In this embodiment, each of the seeding monitoring devices 405 includes a copper-clad housing 408 mounted below the outer sheave-type seed metering device 403 and in communication with the bottom of the outer sheave-type seed metering device 4.3, and a capacitive sensor 409 mounted inside the copper-clad housing 408. When seeds enter the seeding monitoring device 405 through the outer grooved wheel type seeding device 403, the capacitance change quantity of the capacitance sensor 409 in the copper-clad shell 408 is generated and transmitted to the upper computer for processing, so that the purpose of monitoring the seed missing seeding condition in real time is achieved.
The fertilizer applying mechanism 600 includes a fertilizer box 602 mounted on the upper part of the frame 100 and close to the upper part of the rotary tillage mechanism 200, and two second gravity sensors 606 and 607 are mounted on two ends of the bottom of the fertilizer box 602. The bottom of the fertilizer box 602 is rotatably provided with a fourth rotating shaft 601 and a fertilizer discharging motor 604 for driving the fourth rotating shaft 601 to rotate, the fourth rotating shaft 601 is uniformly provided with a plurality of outer sheave type fertilizer discharging devices 603 communicated with the interior of the fertilizer box 602, and a plurality of fertilizer discharging monitoring devices 605 are respectively arranged below the outer sheave type fertilizer discharging devices 603.
In this embodiment, each of the fertilizer monitoring devices 605 includes a fertilizer pipe 608 installed below the outer sheave type fertilizer distributor 603 and communicated with the bottom of the outer sheave type fertilizer distributor 603, and a correlation type infrared sensor 609 installed inside the fertilizer pipe 608. Fertilizer enters the fertilizer discharge monitoring device 605 through the outer grooved wheel type fertilizer distributor 603, and when the fertilizer is blocked, the correlation type infrared sensor 609 in the fertilizer guide pipe 608 transmits signals to the upper computer, and sends out a fertilizer blocking alarm, so that the real-time monitoring of the residual quantity of the seed fertilizer and the sowing and fertilizing state can be realized.
The travelling mechanism 500 comprises a pressing wheel 501 installed at the lower part of the stand 100 and close to the ditching mechanism 300, and a depth limiting wheel 502 installed at the lower part of the stand 100 and close to the rotary tillage mechanism 200, wherein the pressing wheel 501 is installed on the stand 100 through a chain transmission mechanism, and a speed measuring sensor 503 is installed on a driving shaft of the chain transmission mechanism.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a control system of the present utility model, in this embodiment, each electrical element of a seeding mechanism is electrically connected to a seeding quality controller disposed on a tractor, each electrical element of a fertilizing mechanism, an ultrasonic ranging sensor of a ditching structure, and a speed sensor of a running mechanism are electrically connected to a seeding quality controller disposed on a tractor, and the seeding quality controller are both single-chip computers and are electrically connected to a vehicle-mounted computer disposed on the tractor.
When the combined wheat seeding and fertilizing machine reaches a preset position in the field, a worker manually inputs seeding and fertilizing information through the vehicle-mounted computer, and the power output shaft of the external tractor drives the ditching mechanism 300 and the rotary tillage mechanism 200 to rotate so as to realize rotary tillage and ditching of soil. The ultrasonic ranging sensor 303 measures the distance from the double-disc furrow opener 304 to the ground, performs speed signal processing and controls the outer grooved pulley type seed sowing device 403 to switch when the seeder is detected to enter a sowing state, and the upper computer (a sowing quality controller and a fertilizing quality controller) controls the rotation speeds of the sowing motor 404 and the fertilizing motor 604 to be matched according to the speed signal feedback, so that reasonable planting distance and sowing depth are ensured. The seed and fertilizer allowance is monitored by the gravity sensors of the seed tank 402 and the fertilizer tank 602, and an emptying alarm is sent when the seed and the fertilizer are emptied. Seeds enter the seeding monitoring device 405 through the outer grooved wheel type seeding device 403, and the capacitance change quantity is generated by the capacitance sensor 409 in the copper-clad shell 408 and is transmitted to the upper computer for processing, so that the purpose of monitoring the seed miss-seeding condition in real time is achieved. Fertilizer enters the fertilizer discharge monitoring device 605 through the outer grooved wheel type fertilizer distributor 603, and when the fertilizer is blocked, the photoelectric sensor 609 in the fertilizer guide pipe 608 does not generate signal change, and a fertilizer blocking alarm is sent.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model without departing from the design spirit of the present utility model.

Claims (9)

1. A wheat seeding and fertilizing combined machine is characterized in that: the rotary tillage machine comprises a frame, rotary tillage mechanism and ditching mechanism are arranged in the middle of the lower part of the frame, seeding mechanism and fertilizing mechanism are arranged above the rotary tillage mechanism and the ditching mechanism, travelling mechanisms are arranged at two ends of the frame, a plurality of seeding monitoring devices are uniformly arranged on the seeding mechanism, and a plurality of fertilizing monitoring devices are uniformly arranged on the fertilizing mechanism.
2. The wheat seeding and fertilizing combine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frame is connected with an external tractor in a three-point suspension mode.
3. The wheat seeding and fertilizing combine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotary tillage mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft which is rotatably arranged at the lower part of the frame, and a plurality of groups of rotary tillage blades are uniformly arranged on the first rotating shaft.
4. The wheat seeding and fertilizing combine according to claim 3, wherein: the ditching mechanism comprises a rotatable second rotating shaft, a plurality of double-disc ditchers are uniformly arranged on the second rotating shaft, each disc ditcher is respectively connected with a ditcher connecting piece arranged at the lower part of the frame, and an ultrasonic ranging sensor for detecting the distance between the ditcher connecting piece and the ground is arranged on the ditcher connecting piece.
5. The wheat seeding and fertilizing combine according to claim 4, wherein: the sowing mechanism comprises a seed box which is arranged on the upper part of the frame and positioned above the plurality of furrow opener connecting pieces, and two first gravity sensors are arranged at two ends of the bottom of the seed box; the bottom of the seed box is rotatably provided with a third rotating shaft and a seeding motor for driving the third rotating shaft to rotate, a plurality of outer grooved pulley type seed metering devices communicated with the interior of the seed box are uniformly arranged on the third rotating shaft, and a plurality of seeding monitoring devices are respectively arranged below the outer grooved pulley type seed metering devices.
6. The wheat seeding and fertilizing combine according to claim 5, wherein: each seeding monitoring device comprises a copper-clad shell communicated with the bottom of the outer grooved wheel type seed sowing device and a capacitive sensor arranged inside the copper-clad shell.
7. The wheat seeding and fertilizing combine according to claim 4, wherein: the fertilizing mechanism comprises a fertilizer box which is arranged on the upper portion of the frame and is close to the upper portion of the rotary tillage mechanism, two second gravity sensors are arranged at two ends of the bottom of the fertilizer box, a fourth rotating shaft and a fertilizer discharging motor which is used for driving the fourth rotating shaft to rotate are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box, a plurality of outer sheave type fertilizer feeders which are communicated with the inner portion of the fertilizer box are uniformly arranged on the fourth rotating shaft, and a plurality of fertilizer discharging monitoring devices are respectively arranged below the outer sheave type fertilizer feeders.
8. The wheat seeding and fertilizing combine according to claim 7, wherein: each fertilizer discharge monitoring device comprises a fertilizer guide pipe communicated with the bottom of the outer sheave type fertilizer distributor and a correlation type infrared sensor arranged inside the fertilizer guide pipe.
9. The wheat seeding and fertilizing combine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the travelling mechanism comprises a pressing wheel arranged on the lower portion of the frame and close to the ditching mechanism and a depth limiting wheel arranged on the lower portion of the frame and close to the rotary tillage mechanism, the pressing wheel is arranged on the frame through a chain transmission mechanism, and a speed measuring sensor is arranged on a driving shaft of the chain transmission mechanism.
CN202320475238.4U 2023-03-14 2023-03-14 Wheat seeding and fertilizing combined machine Active CN219536781U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202320475238.4U CN219536781U (en) 2023-03-14 2023-03-14 Wheat seeding and fertilizing combined machine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202320475238.4U CN219536781U (en) 2023-03-14 2023-03-14 Wheat seeding and fertilizing combined machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN219536781U true CN219536781U (en) 2023-08-18

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ID=87729080

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202320475238.4U Active CN219536781U (en) 2023-03-14 2023-03-14 Wheat seeding and fertilizing combined machine

Country Status (1)

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CN (1) CN219536781U (en)

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