CN219412577U - Slotting type vertical shaft tunneling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a slotted vertical shaft tunneling device, and belongs to the fields of mechanical manufacturing and underground construction engineering. The device comprises an excavating component and a balancing component connected with the excavating component; the digging component comprises a digging device which is arranged on the inner wall of the vertical shaft; the balance assembly comprises a supporting device arranged on the ground outside the outer side wall of the vertical shaft and a mechanical control device, wherein the mechanical control device comprises a force sensor and a data processing system connected with the force sensor. The device can well cooperate with an advanced shaft tunneling method, and can keep the vertical direction of the shaft in the sinking process on one hand and keep the soil body around the shaft stable on the other hand during construction, thereby reducing the risks of accidents such as sudden sinking, tilting and the like in open caisson engineering.

Description

Slotting type vertical shaft tunneling device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of mechanical manufacturing and underground construction engineering, and particularly relates to a slotted vertical shaft tunneling device.

Background

With the development of cities, land resources of urban centers are increasingly scarce. The continuous development of vertical shaft technology provides great convenience for the expansion of underground space. The existing shaft construction method is that a cutting edge foot structure is arranged at the lower end of a shaft wall, the cutting edge foot is inserted into a soil layer, and self gravity of a shaft is utilized to sink. During sinking of the wellbore, the earth inside the well that has been sunk is removed entirely. Because the large-scale vertical shaft, such as a stereo garage, has larger diameter of a shaft and deep depth of the shaft, when the existing vertical shaft construction method and equipment are adopted, the earth pressure born by the outer side of the shaft wall is quite large, the shaft is quite easy to have accidents such as sudden sinking and tilting, the excavated shaft bottom is easy to bear the pressures on two sides to generate upward earth-water sudden surges, and the construction difficulty and risk are quite high for large-scale deep shaft engineering.

Therefore, how to keep the vertical direction of the vertical shaft in the sinking process and the stability of soil around the vertical shaft, avoid accidents such as sudden sinking and tilting and the like of the vertical shaft engineering, ensure that the ultra-deep vertical shaft engineering can sink stably and safely, and is a technical problem to be solved in the industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a slotted vertical shaft tunneling device. The device can well cooperate with an advanced shaft tunneling method, and can keep the vertical direction of the shaft in the sinking process and keep the soil around the shaft stable during shaft construction, thereby avoiding accidents such as sudden sinking and tilting in shaft engineering.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a slotting type vertical shaft tunneling device comprises a digging component and a balancing component; the digging assembly comprises a digging device which is arranged on the inner wall of the vertical shaft; the balance assembly comprises a supporting device arranged on the ground outside the outer side wall of the vertical shaft and a mechanical control device, wherein the mechanical control device comprises a force sensor and a data processing system connected with the force sensor.

The grooving device arranged on the inner side of the vertical shaft wall of the vertical shaft tunneling device can grooving at the inner wall of the vertical shaft in the process of the vertical shaft, so that resistance generated by friction between the vertical shaft wall and a middle soil body when the vertical shaft sinks is reduced. Meanwhile, the slotting excavation method replaces the traditional treatment method of excavating all soil in the middle, reduces extrusion force born by the soil at the bottom of the vertical shaft, and further reduces construction risks. The balance component can be matched with the grooving device, so that the vertical posture of the vertical well when sinking is ensured.

Preferably, the trenching assembly is electrically coupled to the data processing system.

When the groover is connected with the data processing system through the electric signal, when the vertical shaft is askew, the force sensor transmits data to the data processing system, the data system sends an alarm to the groover, the groover can automatically adjust the position of the groover, the groover stops to dig at the position with larger stress, the groover continues to dig at the position with smaller stress, then the sinking posture of the vertical shaft is adjusted until the stress data display reaches balance, and the groover continues to carry out circumferential excavation.

Preferably, the digging assembly includes one or more sets of trenching apparatus. The trenching assembly in the excavating assembly can be provided in a suitable number depending on the size and shape of the shaft.

Preferably, the mechanical control device is provided on the support device, and the force sensor is provided on the mechanical control device.

The force sensor is arranged on the mechanical control device, so that the force sensor can better sense the stress condition of the open caisson, and the mechanical control device can adjust the posture of the vertical shaft in time according to the returned data.

Preferably, the mechanical control device comprises at least three mechanical control units, wherein each mechanical control unit is internally provided with a force sensor, and the mechanical control units are uniformly distributed on the periphery side of the vertical shaft opening.

The shaft must have at least 3 stress points to ensure that the attitude during sinking can be effectively leveled. Three evenly distributed mechanical control units are thus provided, so that the shaft can be pulled evenly in the circumferential direction.

Preferably, the mechanical control unit comprises a ground pulling jack and a steel cable connecting the bottom of the shaft with the ground pulling jack, and the force sensor is arranged on the steel cable.

When the vertical shaft is sunk, the vertical shaft is pulled from the bottom through the steel cable to adjust the posture, and the force sensor is arranged on the steel cable and can timely capture the stress data and transmit the stress data back, so that the pulling adjustment can be timely made.

Preferably, the supporting device is a supporting ring arranged on the ground outside the side wall of the vertical shaft, the supporting ring has a certain thickness, is stable in structure and is provided with a supporting surface, and the supporting direction of the supporting surface is at right angles to the sinking direction of the vertical shaft.

The structure, material, shape and size of the supporting device are selected according to the appearance and load design of the shaft engineering. In this case, a support ring having a certain thickness is preferred. The support ring arranged on the ground can well keep the vertical posture when the vertical shaft begins to sink.

Preferably, the support ring is of reinforced concrete or steel structure, and a pile foundation or a composite foundation is arranged below the support ring.

The support ring adopts reinforced concrete or steel structure to provide powerful support for the open caisson and the mechanical control device.

Preferably, the grooving device comprises a milling and digging type grooving unit, a drilling and sucking type grooving unit, a grab bucket type grooving unit, a slurry stirring and sucking device and a milling groove lifting device.

The preferred equipment group in this scheme can satisfy the shaft and dig the direct construction needs of groove at dry soil layer and aqua storage layer.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following outstanding and beneficial technical effects:

the general vertical shaft tunneling device has the advantages of three advantages. 1. Through the arrangement of the balance component, the vertical direction of the vertical well is kept when the vertical well sinks; the grooving device attached to the inner wall of the vertical shaft can adjust balance by adjusting the excavation depth and width of the vertical shaft groove at the periphery of the shaft when the shaft is inclined. The combined adjustment method is more efficient, so that the vertical direction of the vertical shaft in the sinking process is ensured multiple times. 2. Due to the use of the grooving machine, the soil in the middle of the vertical shaft is not required to be completely excavated, most soil is reserved, upward extrusion force of the soil on two sides of the bottom of the shaft is neutralized by the gravity of the central soil, and the central soil water gushing of the shaft is effectively avoided, so that the sudden settlement caused by the influence of geological factors is avoided, and the construction risk is effectively reduced. 3. When the ultra-deep vertical shaft is operated, a water storage layer is encountered, the traditional method inevitably needs to carry out waterproof treatment, and the equipment can carry out water construction through slurry stirring and sucking, so that engineering cost is saved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of embodiment 2 of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of embodiment 2 of the present utility model.

In the figure, 1, a mechanical control device; 2. a support ring; 3. a force sensor; 4. a shaft; 5. pulling jack; 6. a grooving device; 7. a wire rope; 8. a vertical well slot; 9. ground surface.

Detailed Description

For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the examples given, which a person of ordinary skill in the art would obtain without undue burden, are within the scope of protection of the present application.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description of the present application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

In the description of the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.

In the description of the present application, the term "above" includes this number.

Example 1

The utility model relates to a general vertical shaft tunneling device which is applied to vertical shaft engineering of a round shaft.

As shown in fig. 1-2, the slotted shaft tunneling device of the utility model is used in shaft construction of a round shaft. The shaft driving device comprises a digging component and a balance component connected with the digging component.

The excavating assembly according to embodiment 1 includes a trenching assembly 6 disposed against the inner wall of the shaft 4 and an excavating device for soil inside the shaft after completion of the shaft. The figure shows the trenching assembly with the shaft unfinished. The grooving device specifically comprises a milling and digging type grooving machine set, slurry stirring and sucking equipment, a milling groove lifting equipment and the like. The milling and digging type grooving machine set works in the vertical shaft body, generally in a single machine, and can also work in two or more machines simultaneously according to the requirement. In this embodiment, a single work is set according to the size of the shaft. During construction of a dry soil layer, the milling and digging type grooving machine set can directly convey the dug dry soil to the ground, and during construction of a water storage layer, the milling and digging type grooving machine set can directly pump water and mud into mud and protect walls of the mud, and a water-proof layer such as a water-proof steel plate is not required to be additionally arranged, so that wet operation can be directly carried out.

The data processing system may or may not be electrically connected to the trenching assembly. When the device is not connected, the alarm of the data processing system can be received manually, and the trenching device is correspondingly processed. In this embodiment, the data processing system is connected to the trenching assembly by electrical signals. When the force sensor detects unbalanced stress of the vertical shaft, the force sensor transmits signals to the data processing system, the data processing system alarms, and the signals are transmitted to the milling and digging type grooving machine set, so that the digging scheme is adjusted in time. The balancing assembly comprises a support ring arranged on the ground 9 outside the side wall of the shaft 4, and the machine control device 1. The support ring 2 is a reinforced concrete or steel structure, and a pile foundation is arranged below the support ring. The supporting ring has a certain thickness and is formed with a supporting surface, the supporting direction of which is at right angles to the sinking direction of the shaft 4. According to the shape and size of the circular shaft, the mechanical control device in this embodiment is provided with four mechanical control units, each of which includes a ground tension jack 5, and a wire rope 7 connecting the bottom of the shaft 4 with the ground tension jack 5, and the force sensor 3 is disposed on the wire rope 7. As shown in fig. 1, the mechanical control units are uniformly distributed on the four points of the supporting ring at the periphery of the opening of the vertical shaft 4, so that the arrangement ensures that the steel cable can pull the vertical shaft in four force balance directions, and the balance of the vertical shaft is maintained. The force sensor 3 arranged on the steel cable 7 can timely and effectively transmit back the stress data of the vertical well when sinking to the data processing system, so that the vertical well can be timely found and pre-intervened when the vertical well is askew or has a skew tendency.

Example 2

The shaft in this embodiment has a larger floor space than the shaft in embodiment 1 and is elliptical in shape. As shown in fig. 3-4, in order to ensure balance of force and effective use of feedback data of the force sensor, six groups of mechanical control units are uniformly arranged along the oval six-point when the mechanical control units are arranged. The arrangement makes the oval shaft evenly receive the cable wire traction, has the force transducer passback data of six point positions simultaneously, is convenient for early warning and adjustment.

The support ring in the above embodiment may be a support device such as a support steel frame in practical use. In practical application, the supporting structure, material, shape and dimension are selected according to the appearance and load design of the shaft engineering.

Example 3

The general shaft driving method described in this embodiment is also a method for using the shaft driving apparatus described above. The specific application comprises the following steps:

s1, arranging a support ring on the outer side of the wall of a vertical shaft 4, wherein the support surface of the support ring is perpendicular to the sinking direction of the vertical shaft 4, placing the vertical shaft 4 in a support device, and arranging a grooving device 6 on the inner side of the wall of the vertical shaft 4;

the support ring is arranged on the ground 9 outside the shaft wall, and can provide powerful support for the outer side wall of the shaft in the shallow settlement process, so that the vertical settlement of the shaft at the starting position is ensured. The grooving device is arranged in the vertical shaft in advance, so that the vertical shaft is convenient to sink and synchronously carry out grooving process.

S2, digging vertical well grooves 8 along the sinking direction of the vertical well 4 on the inner side of the wall of the vertical well 4, sinking a layer of vertical well after each layer of vertical well grooves 8 are dug, installing or pouring a layer of vertical well again, and performing cyclic operation until the vertical well sinks to the designed elevation;

the vertical well groove clings to the inner wall of the vertical well to excavate, so that the friction force between the inner wall of the vertical well and a soil layer can be effectively reduced, the sedimentation efficiency of the vertical well is improved, the pressure of a central soil body to the bottom of the vertical well is kept as much as possible, the pressure of a soil body outside the vertical well to the wall of the vertical well is reduced, and accidents such as sudden sinking and tilting caused by unstable surrounding soil bodies of the vertical well are prevented.

S3, after the vertical shaft 4 is sunk to the designed elevation, selecting an excavating mode of earthwork in the vertical shaft 4 according to the engineering geological conditions of the field, excavating the ground water-rich stratum, adopting an excavating component, selecting non-drainage excavation, performing underwater excavation, and adopting technical measures to select drainage excavation when no pressure-bearing water exists in the ground or the ground water is in a controllable soil layer.

After the vertical shaft subsides, the soil body in the vertical shaft is excavated, the vertical shaft reaches the expected position, the state is stable, and the defect of settlement inclination caused by excavation in the settlement process can be avoided.

The vertical shaft tunneling method of the embodiment further comprises posture adjustment in the sinking process of the vertical shaft. Each layer of the grooving device 6 is dug, the vertical shaft sinks to a layer, and the posture of the vertical shaft is balanced to a layer; the attitude adjustment of the shaft comprises the following steps:

the supporting device on the outer side of the S1 vertical shaft has a certain thickness, and is stable in structure, so that the vertical shaft is prevented from being inclined when the shallow layer is sunk.

S2, when the vertical well sinks, the force sensor 3 monitors the stress condition of the vertical well, when the circumferential stress is balanced, the vertical well sinks continuously, and the grooving device 6 continuously performs normal grooving; when the force sensor 3 detects unbalanced stress, the data processor gives an alarm; when the alarm of uneven stress is received, the grooving device 6 can adjust the working position until the working posture of the vertical shaft is balanced.

When the shaft is sunk, the force sensor 3 is arranged on a steel cable linking the bottom of the shaft with the tension jack, and the force sensor 3 can monitor the stress condition of the bottom of the shaft, so that whether the shaft is inclined or not is judged. When the circumferential stress is balanced, the vertical shaft sinks continuously, and the grooving device 6 continues normal grooving; when the force sensor 3 detects unbalanced stress, the data processor gives an alarm; when the alarm of uneven stress is received, the sinking pause is carried out, the vertical shaft posture can be adjusted by adjusting the tension of the steel rope, and the sinking angle of the vertical shaft can be adjusted by adjusting the grooving condition of the grooving device.

The trenching apparatus 6 can adjust the shaft posture by: the grooving device 6 pauses the grooving in the direction with larger stress and continues to downwards grooving in the direction with smaller stress. During the sinking of the shaft, the downward inclined part is more stressed, and the upward inclined part is less stressed. The downward grooving is continued in the direction with smaller stress, so that the friction force between the soil body and the inner wall of the vertical shaft in the direction with smaller stress can be effectively reduced, the direction with smaller stress can be adjusted downward in time, and the balance of the vertical shaft is achieved. And after the force sensor 3 returns to the stress balance, normal grooving is continued.

The width of a vertical shaft groove 8 of the slotted vertical shaft is between 0.6 and 3.0m, when tunneling to a water storage layer, the tunneling method adopts a muddy water balance principle, mud and water in the vertical shaft groove 8 are directly beaten into mud, the mud is pumped upwards, the slag is discharged, and the vertical shaft groove is always filled with muddy water. And excavating vertical well grooves 8 layer by layer from top to bottom along the circumferential direction of the vertical well, ensuring the direction of the vertical well grooves to be consistent with that of the vertical well, ensuring the direction of the vertical well to be regular, and simultaneously carrying out slurry wall protection on the vertical well grooves when excavating the vertical well grooves, and strictly controlling the concentration of slurry.

The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model in this way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the utility model should be covered in the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims (8)

1. A slotted shaft tunnelling device, its characterized in that: comprises an excavating component and a balancing component; the digging assembly comprises a digging device (6) which is arranged close to the inner wall of the vertical shaft; the balance assembly comprises a supporting device arranged on the ground outside the outer side wall of the vertical shaft (4), the supporting direction of the supporting device is right angle with the sinking direction of the vertical shaft (4), and a mechanical control device (1), the mechanical control device (1) comprises a ground tension jack (5), a steel cable (7) connected with the bottom of the vertical shaft (4) and the ground tension jack (5), a force sensor (3) and a data processing system connected with the force sensor (3), and the force sensor (3) is arranged on the steel cable (7).

2. The slotted shaft boring device of claim 1, wherein: the groover is connected with the data processing system through an electrical signal.

3. The slotted shaft boring device of claim 1, wherein: the digging assembly includes one or more sets of trenching apparatus (6).

4. The slotted shaft boring device of claim 1, wherein: the mechanical control device (1) is arranged on the supporting device, and the force sensor (3) is arranged on the mechanical control device (1).

5. The slotted shaft boring device of claim 1, wherein: the mechanical control device (1) comprises at least three mechanical control units, each mechanical control unit is internally provided with a force sensor (3), and the mechanical control units are uniformly distributed on the periphery side of the opening of the vertical shaft (4).

6. The slotted shaft boring device of claim 1, wherein: the supporting device is a supporting ring (2) arranged on the ground outside the side wall of the vertical shaft (4), the supporting ring (2) has a certain thickness, is stable in structure and is provided with a supporting surface, and the supporting direction of the supporting surface is right angle with the sinking direction of the vertical shaft (4).

7. The slotted shaft boring device of claim 6, wherein: the support ring (2) is of reinforced concrete or steel structure, and a pile foundation or a composite foundation is arranged below the support ring (2).

8. The slotted shaft boring device of claim 1, wherein: the grooving device (6) comprises a milling and digging type grooving machine set, a drilling and sucking type grooving machine set, a grab bucket type grooving machine set, slurry stirring and sucking equipment and a milling groove lifting equipment.