CN219385071U - Gasification system for efficiently utilizing low-rank coal - Google Patents
Gasification system for efficiently utilizing low-rank coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN219385071U CN219385071U CN202320859452.XU CN202320859452U CN219385071U CN 219385071 U CN219385071 U CN 219385071U CN 202320859452 U CN202320859452 U CN 202320859452U CN 219385071 U CN219385071 U CN 219385071U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a low-rank coal efficient utilization gasification system, and belongs to the technical field of coal chemical coal gas-making pulverized coal gasification. The utility model comprises a main fluidized bed gasifier, wherein the main fluidized bed gasifier is internally used for introducing low-order pulverized coal, steam and oxygen to carry out gasification reaction; the cyclone separator is used for separating gas-solid mixture formed by mixing gas generated by gasification reaction in the main fluidized bed gasifier and unreacted carbon-containing fly ash; the entrained-flow bed combustion furnace is used for introducing the carbon-containing fly ash separated by the cyclone separator and carrying out secondary combustion, and the generated high-temperature flue gas is conveyed into the main fluidized bed gasification furnace through a pipeline. The present utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, an object of the present utility model is to provide a gasification system for efficiently utilizing low-rank coal, which can not only effectively improve the utilization efficiency of carbon-containing fly ash and carbon-containing slag, but also improve the reaction heat efficiency of a gasification furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of coal chemical industry coal gas pulverized coal gasification, in particular to a low-rank coal high-efficiency utilization gasification system.
Background
The typical gasification process of the current circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace is as follows: the coal powder, the water vapor and the oxygen complete the gasification reaction in a high temperature environment, then the crude coal gas (large-particle carbon-containing fly ash) which is discharged from the gasification furnace is separated by a high temperature cyclone separator and then directly returned to a hearth for continuous reaction, the coal gas which is discharged from the high temperature cyclone separator is provided for users after being subjected to heat exchange, cold removal, dust removal and other treatments, and the slag generated by the gasification furnace is directly discharged. The utilization efficiency of the carbon-containing fly ash and the carbon-containing slag generated by the gas production process method is low, the thermal efficiency of the gasifier in the reaction process is low, and the heat value of the generated gas is low. Therefore, developing gasification technology of low-rank coal is an important support and guarantee for realizing clean conversion and utilization of energy.
Numerous patent publications have been searched for gasification systems for low rank coals, such as chinese patent application No.: 2013102817525, the utility model is named: the application discloses a low-rank coal gasification device, wherein the top of a gasification furnace is provided with a raw material coal inlet, a gas reformer is arranged in the gasification furnace, the top and the bottom of the gas reformer are respectively provided with a first raw gas inlet and a first raw gas outlet, and a gasifying agent inlet is arranged on the gasification furnace; the outer side of the gasification furnace is provided with a heat recoverer, the bottom of the heat recoverer is provided with a second raw gas inlet, and the second raw gas inlet is connected with a first raw gas outlet through a first gas pipeline; the top of the heat recoverer is provided with a second crude gas outlet which is connected with the spray cooler through a second gas pipeline; the lower part and the upper part of the side wall of the heat recoverer are respectively provided with a boiler water inlet and a steam outlet; the top and the bottom of the spray cooler are respectively provided with a spray water inlet and a washing water outlet, and the right side of the spray cooler is provided with a third raw gas outlet.
Another example is chinese patent application No.: 2016111605539, the utility model is named: a high-flux circulating fluidized bed low-rank coal gasification device and a method are disclosed in the application. The coal gasification reaction device consists of a jet reinforced bottom ash separation area, a low-rank coal strong mixing pyrolysis, gasification and combustion area, a carbon residue lifting pipe deep gasification area, a two-stage cyclone separator and a material returning mechanism. The coal gasification method is characterized in that a high gas speed and a secondary material returning mechanism are directly connected with a riser gasification zone, so that deep gasification of carbon residue in fine ash under a high flux condition is realized, and high-efficiency separation of bottom ash is realized by adopting a high-speed jet pipe and separation column coupling structure.
The two schemes do not recycle the products generated by low-rank coal gasification, and can not effectively utilize the carbon-containing fly ash and the carbon-containing slag.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved by the utility model
The present utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, an object of the present utility model is to provide a gasification system for efficiently utilizing low-rank coal, which can not only effectively improve the utilization efficiency of carbon-containing fly ash and carbon-containing slag, but also improve the reaction heat efficiency of a gasification furnace.
2. Technical proposal
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the utility model is as follows:
the utility model relates to a gasification system for efficiently utilizing low-rank coal, which comprises the following components:
the main fluidized bed gasifier is used for introducing low-order pulverized coal, steam and oxygen to carry out gasification reaction;
the cyclone separator is used for separating gas and solid mixture formed by mixing gas generated by gasification reaction in the main fluidized bed gasifier and unreacted carbon-containing fly ash;
the entrained-flow bed combustion furnace is used for introducing the carbon-containing fly ash separated by the cyclone separator and carrying out secondary combustion, and the generated high-temperature flue gas is conveyed into the main fluidized bed gasification furnace through a pipeline and is used for providing a heat source for gasification reaction for the main fluidized bed gasification furnace.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
the fluidized bed combustion furnace is used for introducing the slag generated by the gasification reaction in the main fluidized bed gasification furnace and performing secondary combustion, and the generated high-temperature flue gas is conveyed into the main fluidized bed gasification furnace through a pipeline and is used for providing a heat source for the gasification reaction for the main fluidized bed gasification furnace.
Preferably, a mixed gas pipeline is arranged at the top of the main fluidized bed gasifier, and an outlet of the mixed gas pipeline is communicated with the cyclone separator.
Preferably, the top of the cyclone separator is provided with a gas conveying pipe for conveying the separated clean gas to a gas distribution network for distribution; the bottom of the cyclone separator is provided with a return pipe, and a discharge hole of the return pipe is communicated with the entrained flow combustion furnace.
Preferably, the entrained-flow bed combustion furnace is provided with a first flue gas conveying pipe, an outlet of the first flue gas conveying pipe is communicated with the main fluidized bed gasification furnace, and the first flue gas conveying pipe is used for conveying high-temperature flue gas generated after secondary combustion of the carbon-containing fly ash into the main fluidized bed gasification furnace.
Preferably, a slag pipe is arranged at the bottom of the main fluidized bed gasifier, and a discharge hole of the slag pipe is communicated with the fluidized bed combustion furnace.
Preferably, a second flue gas conveying pipe is arranged on the fluidized bed combustion furnace, an outlet of the second flue gas conveying pipe is communicated with the main fluidized bed gasification furnace, and the second flue gas conveying pipe is used for conveying high-temperature flue gas generated after secondary combustion of slag into the main fluidized bed gasification furnace.
Preferably, a heating module is arranged in the cyclone separator and is used for heating the carbon-containing fly ash.
Preferably, the first flue gas conveying pipe and/or the second flue gas conveying pipe are/is provided with electromagnetic valves.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the prior art, the high-efficiency low-rank coal utilization gasification system provided by the utility model has the advantages that the high-temperature flue gas generated by secondary combustion of the fly ash and the slag is used for providing a heat source for the main fluidized bed gasification furnace, so that the utilization efficiency of the carbon-containing fly ash and the carbon-containing slag is improved, the reaction heat efficiency of the gasification furnace is also improved, the pyrolysis reaction of the main fluidized bed gasification furnace is enhanced, and the CH in the gas component is improved 4 The content of the carbon dioxide is improved, so that the calorific value of the gas is improved, the effective conversion efficiency of the carbon is increased, and the process and the economy are improved greatly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a gasification system for efficiently utilizing low rank coal according to the present utility model.
Reference numerals in the schematic drawings illustrate:
1. a primary fluidized bed gasifier; 11. a mixed gas pipeline; 12. a slag pipe; 2. a cyclone separator; 21. a gas delivery pipe; 22. a return pipe; 3. an entrained flow combustion furnace; 31. a first flue gas duct; 4. a fluidized bed combustion furnace; 41. and a second flue gas conveying pipe.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The utility model is further described below with reference to examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the gasification system for high-efficiency utilization of low-rank coal in this embodiment includes a main fluidized bed gasifier 1, a cyclone separator 2 and an entrained flow combustion furnace 3, wherein the main fluidized bed gasifier 1 is used for introducing low-rank coal dust, steam and oxygen to perform gasification reaction, the low-rank coal dust and oxygen perform incomplete combustion reaction, and perform gasification reaction with steam in a high-temperature environment to generate CO and H 2 、CH 4 The main gas and the carbon-containing slag are produced in the main fluidized bed gasification furnace 1. In this embodiment, the cyclone separator 2 is used for separating a gas-solid mixture formed by mixing gas generated by gasification reaction in the main fluidized bed gasifier 1 and unreacted carbon-containing fly ash; the entrained-flow bed combustion furnace 3 is used for introducing the carbon-containing fly ash separated by the cyclone separator 2 and carrying out secondary combustion, and the generated high-temperature flue gas is conveyed into the main fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 through a pipeline and is used for providing a heat source for gasification reaction for the main fluidized bed gasification furnace 1.
Preferably, the embodiment further includes a fluidized bed combustion furnace 4, the fluidized bed combustion furnace 4 is used for introducing the slag generated by the gasification reaction in the mainstream bed gasifier 1, and performing secondary combustion, and the generated high-temperature flue gas is conveyed into the mainstream bed gasifier 1 through a pipeline and used for providing a heat source for the gasification reaction for the mainstream bed gasifier 1.
Wherein the chemical reaction formula of the gasification reaction in the main fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 is as follows:
C+CO 2 ＝2CO-Q；H 2 O+CO＝2CO 2 +H 2 -Q
C+H 2 O＝H 2 +CO-Q；
C+2H 2 O＝CO 2 +2H 2 -Q；
3H 2 +CO＝CH 4 +H 2 O-Q；
wherein '-Q' represents absorbed heat, compared with the prior art, the embodiment utilizes the high-temperature flue gas generated by secondary combustion of the fly ash and slag to provide a heat source for the main fluidized bed gasifier 1, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the carbon-containing fly ash and the carbon-containing slag and the reverse of the gasifierThe thermal efficiency is more than or equal to 96%, and the pyrolysis reaction of the main fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 is enhanced, and CH in the gas component is improved 4 Content (CH) 4 Not less than 10%) to increase the heat value of gas (not less than 2500 kcal/Nm) 3 ) The effective conversion efficiency of carbon is increased, and the process and the economy are improved greatly.
In this embodiment, a mixed gas pipeline 11 is arranged at the top of the main fluidized bed gasifier 1, and an outlet of the mixed gas pipeline 11 is communicated with the cyclone separator 2. The top of the cyclone separator 2 is provided with a gas conveying pipe 21 for conveying the separated clean gas to a gas distribution network for distribution; the bottom of the cyclone separator 2 is provided with a return pipe 22, and a discharge hole of the return pipe 22 is communicated with the entrained-flow bed combustion furnace 3. The cyclone separator 2 is internally provided with a heating module for heating the carbon-containing fly ash, and the heated carbon-containing fly ash is sent into the entrained-flow combustion furnace 3 for secondary combustion, so that the secondary combustion efficiency of the carbon-containing fly ash can be effectively improved. In this embodiment, the entrained-flow bed combustion furnace 3 is provided with a first flue gas conveying pipe 31, and an outlet of the first flue gas conveying pipe 31 is communicated with the main fluidized bed gasification furnace 1, and the first flue gas conveying pipe 31 is used for conveying high-temperature flue gas generated after secondary combustion of carbon-containing fly ash into the main fluidized bed gasification furnace 1.
In this embodiment, a slag pipe 12 is disposed at the bottom of the main fluidized bed gasifier 1, and a discharge port of the slag pipe 12 is communicated with the fluidized bed combustion furnace 4. The fluidized bed combustion furnace 4 is provided with a second flue gas conveying pipe 41, and an outlet of the second flue gas conveying pipe 41 is communicated with the main fluidized bed gasification furnace 1, and the second flue gas conveying pipe 41 is used for conveying high-temperature flue gas generated after secondary combustion of slag into the main fluidized bed gasification furnace 1. The first flue gas conveying pipe 31 and/or the second flue gas conveying pipe 41 are/is provided with electromagnetic valves, so that the conveying amount of high-temperature flue gas which is input into the main fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 can be conveniently controlled.
In the embodiment, the combined use of the gasification furnace and the multiple combustion furnaces is adopted, the advantages of the devices are fully utilized, the comprehensive conversion rate of coal of the gasification system is high, the reaction heat efficiency is up to 99%, and the cold gas is cooledThe efficiency is up to 80%, the cold gas conversion efficiency of the fluidized bed is realized, the fluidized bed is comparable to that of an entrained flow bed, the fluidized bed has ultrahigh gas heat value, and the gas heat value produced by the device can reach 4000 kilocalories/Nm 3 。
The utility model and its embodiments have been described above by way of illustration and not limitation, and the utility model is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the drawings in which the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, the structural mode and the embodiments similar to the technical scheme are not creatively designed without departing from the gist of the present utility model.
Claims (9)
1. A low rank coal efficient use gasification system, comprising:
the main fluidized bed gasification furnace (1), wherein the main fluidized bed gasification furnace (1) is internally used for introducing low-order pulverized coal, steam and oxygen for gasification reaction;
the cyclone separator (2) is used for separating the gasification reaction in the main fluidized bed gasifier (1) to generate a coal gas mixture;
and the entrained-flow bed combustion furnace (3) is used for introducing the carbon-containing fly ash separated by the cyclone separator (2) into the entrained-flow bed combustion furnace (3) and carrying out secondary combustion, and high-temperature flue gas generated by the entrained-flow bed combustion furnace is conveyed into the main fluidized bed gasification furnace (1) through a pipeline and is used for providing a heat source for gasification reaction for the main fluidized bed gasification furnace (1).
2. The low rank coal efficient use gasification system of claim 1, further comprising:
the fluidized bed combustion furnace (4) is used for introducing the gasification reaction in the main fluidized bed gasification furnace (1) to generate slag, performing secondary combustion, and conveying the generated high-temperature flue gas into the main fluidized bed gasification furnace (1) through a pipeline to provide a heat source for the gasification reaction for the main fluidized bed gasification furnace (1).
3. The low-rank coal efficient utilization gasification system according to claim 2, wherein a mixed gas pipeline (11) is arranged at the top of the main fluidized bed gasification furnace (1), and an outlet of the mixed gas pipeline (11) is communicated with the cyclone separator (2).
4. A low-rank coal efficient utilization gasification system according to claim 3, wherein the top of the cyclone separator (2) is provided with a gas conveying pipe (21) for conveying the separated clean gas to a gas distribution network for distribution; the bottom of the cyclone separator (2) is provided with a return pipe (22), and a discharge hole of the return pipe (22) is communicated with the entrained-flow bed combustion furnace (3).
5. The low-rank coal efficient utilization gasification system according to claim 4, wherein a first flue gas conveying pipe (31) is arranged on the entrained-flow bed combustion furnace (3), an outlet of the first flue gas conveying pipe (31) is communicated with the main fluidized bed gasification furnace (1), and the first flue gas conveying pipe (31) is used for conveying high-temperature flue gas generated after secondary combustion of carbon-containing fly ash into the main fluidized bed gasification furnace (1).
6. The low-rank coal efficient utilization gasification system according to claim 5, wherein a slag pipe (12) is arranged at the bottom of the main fluidized bed gasification furnace (1), and a discharge port of the slag pipe (12) is communicated with the fluidized bed combustion furnace (4).
7. The low-rank coal efficient utilization gasification system according to claim 6, wherein a second flue gas conveying pipe (41) is arranged on the fluidized bed combustion furnace (4), an outlet of the second flue gas conveying pipe (41) is communicated with the main fluidized bed gasification furnace (1), and the second flue gas conveying pipe (41) is used for conveying high-temperature flue gas generated after secondary combustion of slag into the main fluidized bed gasification furnace (1).
8. A low rank coal efficient use gasification system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein a heating module is provided inside the cyclone separator (2) for heat treating carbonaceous fly ash.
9. The gasification system for high efficiency utilization of low rank coal according to claim 5, wherein electromagnetic valves are provided on the first flue gas duct (31) and/or the second flue gas duct (41).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202320859452.XU CN219385071U (en) | 2023-04-12 | 2023-04-12 | Gasification system for efficiently utilizing low-rank coal |
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| CN202320859452.XU CN219385071U (en) | 2023-04-12 | 2023-04-12 | Gasification system for efficiently utilizing low-rank coal |
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