A kind of pyrolysis of coal multi-production process and its device suitable for coal-powder boiler
Technical field
The present invention is the multi-production process field on coal, more particularly to a kind of pyrolysis of coal Poly-generation suitable for coal-powder boiler
Technique and its device.
Background technology
The energy resource structure feature of China is rich coal, few gas, oil-poor, and there is a serious shortage in the supply and in short supply for natural gas and petroleum resources, and
Coal in China 80% is based on the direct burning of single production process, and not only utilization ratio is extremely low but also seriously polluted, therefore seeks
Seek a kind of clean and effective, while the coal resources comprehensive utilization mode that can solve natural gas problem in short supply is imperative.Coal it is many
Co-production technology is that easy pyrolytic gasification in coal is partially converted into coal gas and tar, and coal gas is made up naturally of following process
Gas, for industry, chemical industry and civilian, tar can use or carry out the fuel oil that high added value is produced in deep processing as fuel;Not
Directly is burnt as boiler oil in the semicoke feeding burner hearth easily gasified, the steam of generation is used to generating electricity, heat supply etc., while by coal
In sulphur, nitrogen be transferred in coal gas and handle, the flue gas pollutant produced by combustion process will be substantially reduced.The technology collection fires
Burning, pyrolysis, gas purification, methanation, extraction of essential oil and flue gas pollutant emission-reducing process, in one, are that coal resources in China is integrated
One of effective means utilized.Because the Poly-generation technology of coal is that multiple production technologies of coal joint is examined for a system
Consider, coal resources utilization rate is improved from the angle of whole utilization efficiency, therefore can preferably solve the problems, such as energy and environment.
Current China mainly uses heat, electricity, the gas Poly-generation technology based on pyrolysis of coal, and the technology is mainly used in circulation
Fluid bed, its main technological features are, by CFBB and pyrolysis oven combination, to utilize the circulation of CFBB
Hot ash or semicoke the advantage is that the fuel tolerance of recirculating fluidized bed is wide, material energy as pyrolysis of coal, the thermal source of partial gasification
Enough be sufficiently mixed, uniformity of temperature profile in bed, good reaction condition can be provided for the pyrolysis of coal.But recirculating fluidized bed conduct
Pyrolysis reactor causes the heat loss of system very big, it is necessary to substantial amounts of fluidizing gas, and band in the pyrolysis gas of fluid bed
Go out thing (such as fine ash) content more, add the complexity of afterbody cleaning system.
Boiler shape of the China using coal as fuel is main based on coal-powder boiler, and CFBB is still in development rank
Section, quantity there is no joint Poly-generation efficiently to utilize related process far away from coal-powder boiler currently for large number of coal-powder boiler
Research.Therefore at the time of environmental pollution instantly is increasingly serious, energy-saving and emission-reduction are extremely urgent, in the urgent need to find it is a kind of it is clean,
The coal multi-production process of energy-conservation, to meet, China is large number of, be badly in need of the coal-powder boiler of transformation, finally realizes the high-efficient cleaning of coal resource
It is clean to utilize.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to overcome deficiency of the prior art to solve existing coal there is provided one kind directly to fire
The pyrolysis of coal multi-production process and device suitable for coal-powder boiler for the problems such as burning the low effective utilization rate of energy brought, pollution weight.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the solution of the present invention is:
A kind of pyrolysis of coal multi-production process suitable for coal-powder boiler is provided, includes pyrolysis, gas separation, the semicoke combustion of coal
Burning, gas purification, the pyrolysis of coal multi-production process specifically include following step:
(1) coal dust come out from Pulverized Coal Bin is sent into pyrolysis installation by coal dust pipeline, passes through the heat between heating carrier
Exchange, coal dust is pyrolyzed at a temperature of 700~900 DEG C, semicoke, raw coke oven gas are obtained after pyrolysis, and be used as heating carrier
Flue gas after heat exchange;
(2) semicoke obtained in step (1) is sent into Pulverized Fuel Boiler Furnace by semicoke pipeline, main pipe rail to participate in burning;
The flue gas obtained in step (1) is sent into gas fractionation unit by flue gas pipeline, carbon dioxide, oxygen is separated into
With remaining flue gas;The oxygen isolated sends into Pulverized Fuel Boiler Furnace by oxygen pipeline and participates in burning;The carbon dioxide isolated is made
For fluidizing agent by carbon dioxide pipeline send into pyrolysis installation pulverized coal channel in, carbon dioxide can in pyrolysis installation with production
Raw semicoke reacts at a temperature of 700~900 DEG C, reaction generation carbon monoxide, and carbon monoxide can be with volatilizing in coal dust
Water reaction generation hydrogen, carbon monoxide and hydrogen are as a part of raw coke oven gas after pyrolysis;The remaining flue gas isolated leads to again
Cross remaining flue gas pipeline to mix with semicoke, feeding Pulverized Fuel Boiler Furnace participates in burning;
In Pulverized Fuel Boiler Furnace burning produce the temperature of high-temperature flue gas, Boiler Steam and lime-ash, and high-temperature flue gas 900~
Between 1100 DEG C, after high-temperature flue gas is drawn from Pulverized Fuel Boiler Furnace exhaust pass side, pyrolysis installation is sent into by high temperature flue gas pipeline
In, for the heating carrier as pulverized coal pyrolysis in step (1);
(3) raw coke oven gas obtained in step (1) is drawn one and passes sequentially through raw coke oven gas house steward, fluidizing agent pipeline, entered
Snake type pipe bottom is as fluidizing agent inside pyrolysis installation, and remaining raw coke oven gas sends into gas cleaning plant by raw coke oven gas house steward
Purified, the raw coke oven gas after purification is used for the coal gas product for being processed into high added value.
In the present invention, in the step (2), the Boiler Steam of generation can be used to generating electricity, heat supply or refrigeration;The ash of generation
Slag can be used for building resource, industrial chemicals and product, extract rare metal, production chemical fertilizer.
In the present invention, the coal gas product obtained in the step (3) can be as industrial chemicals, industrial gas or civil coal
Gas.
Pyrolysis of coal multi-joint-production apparatus based on the pyrolysis of coal multi-production process, including the separation of pyrolysis installation, gas are provided
Device, gas cleaning plant;
Described inside and outside two parts of pyrolysis installation difference;Inside (metal material is made) the snake type (thin-walled) of pyrolysis installation
Pipe, snake type circular tube spiral arranges downwards (caliber and intercept are determined according to the specific size of pyrolysis installation), the top of snake type pipe
Portion is connected by coal dust pipeline with Pulverized Coal Bin, and the top of snake type pipe is connected by raw coke oven gas house steward with gas cleaning plant, snake
The bottom of type pipe is connected by carbon dioxide pipeline with gas fractionation unit, and the bottom of snake type pipe also passes through fluidizing agent pipe
Road is connected with raw coke oven gas house steward, and the bottom of snake type pipe is connected by semicoke pipeline with main pipe rail;Wherein, one end of main pipe rail is
Semicoke pipeline converges mouth with remaining flue gas pipeline, and the other end is connected with Pulverized Fuel Boiler Furnace;
(size is true according to specific requirement for closed drum ladle for the outside (metal or temperature-resistant material are made) of pyrolysis installation
It is fixed), the bottom of drum ladle is connected by high temperature flue gas pipeline with Pulverized Fuel Boiler Furnace, and the top of drum ladle passes through flue gas pipeline
Connected with gas fractionation unit;
The gas fractionation unit includes dedusting heat sink, dehydrating agent, adsorbing tower with molecular sieve, air-introduced machine, cooler, true
Empty pump, for being used as the pressure-swing absorption apparatus for separating oxygen and carbon dioxide from flue gas;The dedusting heat sink
For carrying out dedusting cooling to the heat smoke for entering gas fractionation unit;The air-introduced machine be used for carry out flue gas conveying (including will
Cooler is transported to by the flue gas of dedusting heat sink);The cooler is used to drop by the flue gas of dedusting heat sink
To normal temperature;The absorption affinity that the adsorbing tower with molecular sieve can be produced using molecular sieve to gas with various is different with adsorption rate, passes through
Coordinate (regulation operation changes the pressure change in adsorption tower) with air-introduced machine, vavuum pump, through multi-stage absorption resolving, realizing will
Oxygen, carbon dioxide are separated in the flue gas after cooling through subcooler;
Gas fractionation unit is connected by carbon dioxide pipeline, flue gas pipeline and pyrolysis installation respectively;Pass through remaining flue gas
Pipeline converges with semicoke pipeline is connected to main pipe rail;Connected by oxygen pipeline with Pulverized Fuel Boiler Furnace;
Each device feature in gas fractionation unit, those skilled in the art can be according to function of the present invention, to existing
Technological means is used to realize correlation function, due to these contents and non-invention emphasis, therefore repeats no more.
The gas cleaning plant includes coal gas dust collector, cooling and conveying device, sour gas (H2S, HCH etc.) it is de-
Except device, alkaline gas (NH3Class) removing means, tar class retracting device, phenol water treatment facilities and coal gas storage device, it is used for
To being purified in raw coke oven gas;
Each device feature in gas cleaning plant, those skilled in the art can be according to function of the present invention, to existing
Technological means is used to realize correlation function, due to these contents and non-invention emphasis, therefore repeats no more.
In the present invention, the coal dust pipeline is provided with regulating valve, enters pyrolysis installation for controlling coal dust from Pulverized Coal Bin
Addition;The fluidizing agent pipeline is provided with regulating valve, for controlling fluidizing agent to enter pyrolysis installation internal duct
Flow.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The coal resources that the technique of the present invention can be used to solve current coal-powder boiler directly burn, utilization rate is low, seriously polluted
The problems such as, the pyrolysis of coal, gasification, burning are comprehensively utilized, coal resources utilization rate is improved, is effective solution China energy profit
With one of important measures with problem of environmental pollution.
The device of the present invention is transformed on the basis of existing coal-powder boiler, economic and environment-friendly without scrapping existing equipment,
Promotion prospect is had an optimistic view of.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is overall schematic of the invention.
Reference in figure is:1 pyrolysis installation;2 Pulverized Coal Bins;3 Pulverized Fuel Boiler Furnaces;4 gas fractionation units;5 gases are net
Makeup is put.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
As shown in figure 1, pyrolysis of coal multi-joint-production apparatus includes pyrolysis installation 1, gas fractionation unit 4, gas cleaning plant 5,
The coal resources that can solve current coal-powder boiler directly burn, utilization rate is low, it is seriously polluted the problems such as.
1 point of the pyrolysis installation is inside and outside two parts, the snakelike thin-wall circular tube that inside is made for metal material, downward spiral
Arrangement, caliber and intercept are determined according to the specific size of pyrolysis installation 1, it is ensured that fully heat exchange, inner wall smooth, it is ensured that coal dust is smooth
Glide.Connected at the top of internal duct by coal dust pipeline with Pulverized Coal Bin 2, coal dust pipeline is provided with regulating valve, for controlling coal dust
Enter the addition of pyrolysis installation 1 from Pulverized Coal Bin 2;Top is connected by raw coke oven gas house steward with gas cleaning plant 5;Bottom passes through
Carbon dioxide pipeline is connected with gas fractionation unit 4, is connected by fluidizing agent pipeline with raw coke oven gas house steward;Bottom passes through semicoke
Pipeline is connected with main pipe rail.Wherein, one end of main pipe rail is that semicoke pipeline and remaining flue gas pipeline converge mouth, the other end and coal
Powder stove burner hearth 3 is connected.
The outside of pyrolysis installation 1 is the closed drum ladle that metal or temperature-resistant material are made, and size is determined according to specific requirement,
Bottom is connected by high temperature flue gas pipeline with Pulverized Fuel Boiler Furnace 3, and top is connected by flue gas pipeline with gas fractionation unit 4.It is interior
Portion's coal dust is moved downward in the presence of fluidizing agent along spiral pipeline in suspension eddy flow, with outside high temperature from bottom to top
Flue gas formation adverse current, so as to realize countercurrent flow.
The gas fractionation unit 4 refers to the pressure-swing absorption apparatus for separating oxygen and carbon dioxide from flue gas,
Specifically include dedusting heat sink, dehydrating agent, adsorbing tower with molecular sieve, air-introduced machine, cooler, vavuum pump etc., gas separation process
It is as follows:Under the conveying of air-introduced machine, normal temperature is further dropped to through subcooler, is entered after dedusting heat sink for the flue gas of heat
Enter adsorbing tower with molecular sieve, the absorption affinity produced using molecular sieve to gas with various is different with adsorption rate, passes through air inducing and vacuum
The regulation operation of pump changes the pressure change in adsorption tower, through multi-stage absorption resolving, is finally recovered out the higher oxygen of purity
Gas, carbon dioxide.Gas fractionation unit 4 is connected by carbon dioxide pipeline, flue gas pipeline and pyrolysis installation 1 respectively;By surplus
Remaining flue gas pipeline converges with semicoke pipeline, is connected with main pipe rail;Connected by oxygen pipeline with Pulverized Fuel Boiler Furnace 3.
The gas cleaning plant 5 specifically refers to technique and its dress effectively removed to the multiple components in raw coke oven gas
Put, specifically include coal gas dust collector, cooling and conveying device, sour gas (H2S, HCN etc.) removing means, alkaline gas
(NH3Class) removing means, tar class retracting device, phenol water treatment facilities and coal gas storage device.
Utilize pyrolysis, gas separation, the semicoke combustion of the pyrolysis of coal multi-production process of pyrolysis of coal multi-joint-production apparatus, including coal
Burning, gas purification, specifically include following step:
(1) coal dust come out from Pulverized Coal Bin is sent into pyrolysis installation 1 by coal dust pipeline, by between heating carrier
Heat exchange, makes coal dust be pyrolyzed at a temperature of 700~900 DEG C, semicoke, raw coke oven gas is obtained after pyrolysis, and carry as heating
Flue gas after body heat exchange;
(2) semicoke obtained in step (1) is connected by semicoke pipeline with main pipe rail;
(3) flue gas obtained in step (1), into gas fractionation unit 4, is separated into titanium dioxide by flue gas pipeline
Carbon, oxygen and remaining flue gas;The oxygen isolated sends into Pulverized Fuel Boiler Furnace 3 by oxygen pipeline and participates in burning;Two isolated
Carbonoxide is sent into as fluidizing agent by carbon dioxide pipeline in the pulverized coal channel of pyrolysis installation 1, and carbon dioxide can be in pyrolysis
Semicoke in device 1 with generation reacts at a temperature of 700~900 DEG C, reaction generation carbon monoxide, and carbon monoxide can be with coal dust
In the water reaction generation hydrogen that volatilizes, carbon monoxide and hydrogen are as a part of raw coke oven gas after being pyrolyzed;That isolates is surplus
Remaining flue gas is mixed by remaining flue gas pipeline with semicoke again, and feeding Pulverized Fuel Boiler Furnace 3 participates in burning, the generation high-temperature flue gas that burns,
Boiler Steam and lime-ash, and high-temperature flue gas temperature between 900~1100 DEG C;
After the high-temperature flue gas is drawn from the exhaust pass side of Pulverized Fuel Boiler Furnace 3, pass through high temperature flue gas pipeline feeding pyrolysis dress
Put in 1, for the heating carrier as pulverized coal pyrolysis in step (1);
(4) raw coke oven gas obtained in step (1) is drawn to one and is used as fluidisation into the inside snake pipe bottom of pyrolysis installation 1
Medium, remaining raw coke oven gas is sent into gas cleaning plant 5 by raw coke oven gas house steward and purified, and the raw coke oven gas after purification is used to add
Coal gas product of the work into high added value.
Finally it should be noted that listed above is only specific embodiment of the invention.It is clear that the invention is not restricted to
Above example, can also there is many variations.One of ordinary skill in the art can directly lead from present disclosure
All deformations for going out or associating, are considered as protection scope of the present invention.