CN219368031U - Solar energy and waste heat exchange dual-system absorption type refrigerating system of refrigerator car - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a solar energy and waste heat exchange dual-system absorption refrigeration system of a refrigerator car, which comprises a heat storage water tank, an engine, a solar heat storage plate, a controller and a refrigeration system, wherein the solar heat storage plate is connected with the heat storage water tank, one end of the heat storage water tank is connected with the engine, the other end of the heat storage water tank is connected with the refrigeration system, a switching valve is arranged on a pipeline between the heat storage water tank and the engine, the refrigeration system comprises a generator, a condenser, a throttling vertical pipe, an evaporator, an absorber, a solution pump and a heat recoverer which are sequentially connected and form a closed circulation loop, a first temperature sensor is arranged on the evaporator, a second temperature sensor is arranged on the condenser, and the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the switching valve are respectively in communication connection with the controller. The temperature sensor detects the temperature of the evaporator and the temperature of the condenser and transmits the temperature to the controller, and the controller controls the on-off of the switching valve, so that the solar energy and the waste heat of the engine are switched, the refrigeration requirement of a vehicle is met, and the energy is saved.

Description

Solar energy and waste heat exchange dual-system absorption type refrigerating system of refrigerator car

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of refrigeration systems, in particular to a solar energy and waste heat exchange dual-system absorption refrigeration system of a refrigerator car.

Background

Currently, in a refrigerator car air conditioner, a compression type refrigerator is mostly used for cooling. Generally, 8% -12% of the power of an automobile engine is consumed, so that the oil consumption of the automobile is increased, and the overheat of a water tank can be caused to influence the power performance of the refrigerated truck. In addition, most of compression type refrigerators use freon as a refrigerant, and freon not only pollutes air, but also has great damage to an ozone layer.

The high temperature is common throughout the country in 2022, and part of the provincial air temperature breaks through the highest historical air temperature. Regional high temperature weather has continued for 64 days by the year 8 months 15 days. 26 cities in the country, the highest air temperature breaks through 40 ℃. In such high temperature environments, vapor compression refrigeration is very poor, even losing refrigeration capacity. The absorption refrigeration is a refrigeration form matched with the change trend of the external environment, the refrigerant is environment-friendly, and when the absorption refrigeration is combined with solar energy, the higher the external environment temperature is, the larger the driving heat source is, and the better the refrigeration effect is. However, the absorption type refrigeration heat exchange area is large, and a general automobile has insufficient installation space. The highest efficiency of the existing automobile engine can reach 49%, namely, only 49% of energy generated by fuel combustion is used for acting, and 51% of energy is dissipated to the environment by waste heat to be wasted. Therefore, solving the refrigeration power consumption and reducing the energy consumption becomes a problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the prior art, the utility model provides a solar energy and waste heat exchange dual-system absorption refrigeration system of a refrigerator car.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a solar energy, two system absorption refrigerator car refrigerating system of waste heat exchange, includes heat storage tank, engine, solar energy heat accumulation board, controller and refrigerating system, solar energy heat accumulation board with the heat storage tank is connected, heat storage tank one end with the engine is connected, the heat storage tank with be equipped with the diverter valve on the pipeline between the engine, the other end of heat storage tank with refrigerating system connects, refrigerating system is including connecting gradually and forming closed circulation loop's generator, condenser, throttle riser, evaporimeter, absorber, solution pump and heat recovery ware, the top at the carriage of refrigerator car is installed to the evaporimeter, the condenser is installed at the lateral wall of the carriage of refrigerator car, the condenser is followed the length direction setting in carriage, be equipped with temperature sensor one on the evaporimeter, be equipped with temperature sensor two on the condenser, temperature sensor one with temperature sensor two with the diverter valve respectively with controller communication connection.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the utility model can also make the following improvements for the technical scheme in order to achieve the convenience of use and the stability of equipment:

preferably, the refrigerating systems are provided with two groups, and the two groups of refrigerating systems are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the carriage.

Preferably, the absorber is mounted above the rear side of the cabin.

Preferably, the generator is mounted between the cabin and the compartment of the refrigerated vehicle.

Preferably, the heat storage water tank is mounted on the top of the carriage, and the heat storage water tank is adjacent to the generator.

Preferably, the heat recovery device further comprises a circulating pipeline, the generator, the heat recovery device and the absorber are sequentially communicated through the circulating pipeline, and the refrigerant in the generator flows into the absorber through the circulating pipeline.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the evaporator and the temperature of the condenser and transmits the temperature to the controller, and the controller controls the on-off of the switching valve, so that the solar energy and the waste heat of the engine are switched, the refrigeration requirement of a vehicle can be met, the energy can be saved, and the device is environment-friendly and efficient. Through installing the evaporimeter at the carriage top, the condenser is installed at the carriage lateral wall, utilizes the difference in height of both to carry out the throttle, reduces part quantity, reduces equipment cost, reduces the pipeline risk of leaking.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration system of the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the refrigeration system of the present utility model mounted on a refrigerated vehicle.

The reference numerals are recorded as follows: 1. a thermal storage tank; 2. an engine; 3. a solar heat accumulation plate; 4. a generator; 5. a heat recovery device; 6. an absorber; 7. a solution pump; 8. a condenser; 9. a throttle riser; 10. an evaporator; 11. a controller; 12. a first temperature sensor; 13. a second temperature sensor; 14. a switching valve; 15. and a circulation pipeline.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of the present utility model are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the utility model and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the utility model discloses a solar energy and waste heat exchange dual-system absorption refrigeration system of a refrigerator car, which comprises a heat storage water tank 1, an engine 2, a solar heat storage plate 3, a controller 11 and a refrigeration system, wherein the solar heat storage plate 3 is connected with the heat storage water tank 1, one end of the heat storage water tank 1 is connected with the engine 2, a switching valve 14 is arranged on a pipeline between the heat storage water tank 1 and the engine 2, the other end of the heat storage water tank 1 is connected with the refrigeration system, the refrigeration system comprises a generator 4, a condenser 8, a throttling vertical pipe 9, an evaporator 10, an absorber 6, a solution pump 7 and a heat recoverer 5 which are sequentially connected and form a closed circulation loop, the evaporator 10 is arranged at the top of a compartment of the refrigerator car, the evaporator 10 is a parallel flow evaporator, and hot air flow in the compartment naturally rises, the low-temperature evaporator 10 is positioned at the highest position of the carriage, hot air flow can be directly cooled and sunk, so that natural convection heat exchange is formed, the heat exchange effect is improved, the condenser 8 is arranged on the side wall of the carriage of the refrigerator car, the condenser 8 is arranged along the length direction of the carriage, the condenser 8 is a parallel flow condenser, when the car runs, high-speed flowing air flow can be used for cooling the condenser 8 very efficiently, heat in the condenser 8 is emitted to the environment, forced cooling power equipment is saved, equipment cost is saved, driving power is saved, a first temperature sensor 12 is arranged on the evaporator 10, a second temperature sensor 13 is arranged on the condenser 8, and the first temperature sensor 12, the second temperature sensor 13 and the switching valve 14 are respectively in communication connection with the controller 11.

Because there is pressure differential between condenser 8 and the evaporator 10, need step down through the choke valve, and increase the choke valve and both increase equipment cost, and increase the pipeline and leak the risk, through installing the evaporator 10 at the carriage top, condenser 8 installs at the carriage lateral wall, connects both through throttle riser 9, utilizes the difference in height between evaporator 10 and the condenser 8 to carry out the throttle, reduces the quantity of choke valve, reduces equipment cost.

The evaporator 10 and the condenser 8 are gas-liquid coexisting spaces, the gas can be regarded as saturated vapor, the water vapor temperature and pressure physical parameter tables of the condensers 8 and the evaporators 10 of different types are recorded, and the corresponding saturated pressure is found out through the temperatures detected by the two temperature sensors as shown in table 1. If there is no corresponding temperature, the corresponding temperature and pressure are calculated by using the adjacent data equal ratio, and the pressure difference between the condenser 8 and the evaporator 10 is calculated. Taking a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system as an example, when the evaporation temperature of an evaporator 10 of a certain model is 2 ℃ and the condensation temperature of a condenser 8 is 45 ℃, the corresponding saturation pressures of the evaporator 10 and the condenser are 706Pa and 9590Pa respectively, the rated saturation pressure difference of the evaporator and the condenser is 8884Pa, and the liquid column is used for forming the pressure difference, so that the height of the liquid column is 906mm, namely the height of a throttling vertical pipe 9 is 906mm. When it is checked that the saturation pressure difference corresponding to the temperatures of the condenser 8 and the evaporator 10 is smaller than the design value, for example 8884Pa obtained above, because the temperature in the cabin is relatively constant, which means that the condensing pressure is low, which means that the ambient temperature is insufficient as the driving heat source at this time, the controller 11 controls the switching valve 14 to switch to the connection of the engine 2 and the heat storage tank 1, and enters the engine waste heat absorption refrigeration cycle.

TABLE 1

Further, the refrigerating systems are provided with two groups, and the two groups of refrigerating systems are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the carriage. The left side and the right side of the carriage are respectively provided with a group of refrigerating systems by utilizing the bilateral symmetry structure of the carriage, and when the cargoes in the carriage are more and the required refrigerating capacity is larger, the two groups of refrigerating systems can operate simultaneously; when the cargoes in the carriage are fewer and the required refrigerating capacity is smaller, only one group of refrigerating systems can be operated, the energy adjustment is more flexible, the refrigerating requirements of different cargoes are met, the energy waste is further reduced, and the overall balance of the vehicle is ensured.

The absorber 6 is mounted above the rear side of the cabin. The absorber 6 is also heat exchange equipment needing cooling, and the absorber 6 is hung above the rear side of the carriage in a hanging mode, so that on one hand, the installation position is higher, the collision of other vehicles in the running process of the refrigerated vehicle is prevented, the service life of the absorber 6 is guaranteed, and on the other hand, the absorber 6 can be cooled by utilizing high-speed air flow in the running process of the vehicle, and the cooling cost and the driving energy are saved.

The generator 4 is mounted between the cabin and the compartment of the refrigerated vehicle. The heat storage water tank 1 is arranged at the top of the carriage, and the heat storage water tank 1 is adjacent to the generator 4. The available space outside the refrigerator car is fully utilized, the space inside the refrigerator car is not occupied, the space utilization rate of the refrigerator car is increased, the heat of the heat storage water tank 1 can be utilized nearby, and energy sources are saved.

The refrigerator car refrigerating system further comprises a circulating pipeline 15, the generator 4, the heat recoverer 5 and the absorber 6 are sequentially communicated through the circulating pipeline 15, the refrigerant in the generator 4 flows into the absorber 6 through the circulating pipeline 15 to form absorption refrigeration, and the heat recoverer 5 is a sleeve-type solution heat recoverer.

The working process of the refrigerating system of the refrigerated vehicle is mainly divided into:

solar refrigeration cycle: the solar energy is collected through the solar heat accumulation plate 3 and converted into heat energy to be stored in the heat accumulation water tank 1, the temperature in the heat accumulation water tank 1 is about 90 ℃, a hot water heat source is provided for the generator 4 through a water pipe, low-temperature and low-concentration solution in the heat accumulation water tank is heated, so that refrigerant with lower boiling point in the solution is evaporated out and enters the condenser 8, the condenser 8 is positioned on the side wall of a carriage and is a parallel flow heat exchanger, the heat accumulation water tank is composed of an upper main pipe, a lower main pipe and a split pipe between the upper main pipe, the lower main pipe and the two main pipes, the air flow on the side wall of the carriage radiates heat, the refrigerant vapor in the heat accumulation water tank is condensed into liquid refrigerant, the liquid refrigerant is throttled by the throttle riser 9, the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 10 enters the evaporator 10 at the top of the carriage after being cooled and depressurized, the liquid refrigerant vapor in the evaporator 10 is evaporated after being cooled, the heat in the absorber 6 is turned into the absorber 6 outside the carriage after the refrigeration effect is generated, the concentrated solution which is uniformly flowed down from the liquid distributor at the top of the absorber 6 is turned into a dilute solution with lower concentration, the dilute solution is pumped by the solution pump 7, the dilute solution is preheated by the generator 4 through the heat recoverer 5, and enters the self-heating generator 4 after the spontaneous-temperature generator 4 again, and circulation is started.

Absorbent circulation: the refrigerant vapor in the generator 4 is heated and evaporated, and the rest high-temperature concentrated solution is cooled by the low-temperature dilute solution in the absorber 6 through the heat recoverer 5, enters a liquid distributor at the top of the absorber 6 and uniformly flows down, the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 10 absorbed by the absorber 6 is changed into low-concentration dilute solution, and then is sent into the generator 4 for recirculation after being precooled through the heat recoverer 5 through the solution pump 7.

Engine waste heat absorption refrigeration cycle: when the solar energy is insufficient to meet the driving heat source of the absorption refrigeration in overcast days, at this time, the controller 11 judges the saturation pressure difference of the corresponding actual working conditions by receiving the detection results of the first temperature sensor 12 and the second temperature sensor 13, if the saturation pressure difference is smaller than the rated saturation pressure difference, the temperature of the solar energy is lower, and the solar energy is insufficient to drive the refrigerant to enter the evaporator from the condenser 8, so that the refrigeration cycle cannot be performed, the controller 11 opens the switching valve 14, the heat source is switched to the engine water jacket cooling system, and the engine waste heat is used as the driving heat source of the absorption refrigeration cycle, so that the refrigeration cycle is performed, and the refrigeration requirement of goods in the refrigerated vehicle is met.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to limit the utility model to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the utility model are intended to be included within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a solar energy, two system absorption refrigerator car refrigerating system of waste heat exchange, its characterized in that, including heat storage tank (1), engine (2), solar energy heat accumulation board (3), controller and refrigerating system, solar energy heat accumulation board (3) with heat storage tank (1) are connected, heat storage tank (1) one end with engine (2) are connected, heat storage tank (1) with be equipped with switching valve (14) on the pipeline between engine (2), the other end of heat storage tank (1) with refrigerating system connects, refrigerating system is including generator (4), condenser (8), throttle riser (9), evaporimeter (10), absorber (6), solution pump (7) and heat recovery ware (5) that connect gradually and form closed circulation loop, the top at the carriage of refrigerator car is installed to evaporimeter (10), condenser (8) are installed at the lateral wall of refrigerator car, condenser (8) are followed be equipped with temperature sensor (12) on evaporimeter (10), be equipped with temperature sensor (12) on two temperature sensor (13), two temperature sensor (13) and two communication valve (13) are connected respectively.

2. The refrigerated vehicle refrigeration system of claim 1 wherein the refrigeration system is provided in two groups, the two groups of refrigeration systems being symmetrically disposed on either side of the compartment.

3. Refrigerated vehicle refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that the absorber (6) is mounted above the rear side of the compartment.

4. Refrigerated vehicle refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that the generator (4) is mounted between the cabin and the compartment of the refrigerated vehicle.

5. Refrigerated vehicle refrigeration system according to claim 4, characterized in that the thermal storage tank (1) is mounted on top of the compartment, the thermal storage tank (1) being adjacent to the generator (4).

6. Refrigerated vehicle refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a circulation line (15), said generator (4), said heat recovery unit (5) and said absorber (6) being in turn connected by said circulation line (15), the refrigerant in said generator (4) flowing through said circulation line (15) into said absorber (6).