CN219358247U - Friction-assisted steel rail flash welding equipment - Google Patents
Friction-assisted steel rail flash welding equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN219358247U CN219358247U CN202320481456.9U CN202320481456U CN219358247U CN 219358247 U CN219358247 U CN 219358247U CN 202320481456 U CN202320481456 U CN 202320481456U CN 219358247 U CN219358247 U CN 219358247U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses friction-assisted steel rail flash welding equipment which comprises a static frame, a movable frame, a clamp, a driving device, an extrusion end electrode, a movable frame electrode, a friction extrusion piece, a static frame electrode, an upsetting device and a controller, wherein the friction extrusion piece is detachably arranged on the clamp and comprises a first bonding surface and a second bonding surface, the first bonding surface is used for bonding on the first welding surface, the second bonding surface is used for bonding on the second welding surface, and the driving device drives the clamp and the friction extrusion piece to reciprocate along the length direction perpendicular to a first steel rail to be welded; the first steel rail to be welded comprises a first welding end, and the movable frame electrode is mounted on the first welding end in a fitting manner; the second steel rail to be welded comprises a second welding end, and the static frame electrode is mounted at the second welding end in a fitting manner; the extrusion end electrode is mounted on the friction extrusion part in a fitting way. The friction-assisted steel rail flash welding equipment provided by the utility model improves the mechanical property and welding quality of the welding joint.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of flash welding, in particular to friction-assisted steel rail flash welding equipment.
Background
At present, the most main steel rail welding methods comprise three types of flash welding, air pressure welding and thermite welding, and welding defects such as a decarburized layer, a softened layer, gray spots and the like exist in a welding line; because the welding heat input is large, the welding seam and the heat affected zone are relatively coarse in crystal grains, the welding seam and the heat affected zone are required to be subjected to normalizing treatment after welding for flash welding and air pressure welding joints, so that the joint performance can be improved to a certain extent, but the welding defects of decarburized softening layers, gray spots and the like cannot be eliminated, and particularly for new material steel rails such as U20Mn bainite and the like, the qualified welding joints cannot be realized by the current flash welding.
The greatest difference between friction welding and flash welding, barometric welding and thermite welding is that the temperature to which the metal to be welded is subjected to an increase in energy does not reach its melting point throughout the welding process, i.e. the metal is in a forge-like solid phase connection achieved in a thermoplastic state. The welding joint has the characteristics of high quality, no decarburization softening layer, inclusion and the like, can achieve the equal strength of the welding seam strength and the matrix material, and has the advantages of high welding efficiency, stable quality, good consistency, capability of realizing the welding of dissimilar materials and the like.
Due to the limitations of equipment, the largest welding steel rail contact area of the friction welding equipment is less than 4000MM at present 2 The steel rail welding requirements cannot be met, and the technical difficulty of developing larger tonnage friction welding equipment is high and the one-time investment is high. Patent CN109986189A in the prior art discloses a process for refining weld grains of steel rail flash welding, patent CN112171103A discloses a welding machine and a method for refining weld grains, both focus on the problem of weld grain refinement, but can not extrude weld metal out of the weld, so that decarburized alloy element bisque firing at the weld can not be eliminatedThe damaged softening layer can not extrude the defects such as oxidation inclusion and the like in the welding line out of the welding line, so that the mechanical property and the welding quality of the welding joint can not be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the utility model aims to provide friction-assisted steel rail flash welding equipment so as to improve the mechanical property and welding quality of a welding joint.
Based on the above object, the utility model provides friction-assisted steel rail flash welding equipment, which comprises a static frame, a movable frame, a clamp, a driving device, an extrusion end electrode, a movable frame electrode, a friction extrusion piece, a static frame electrode, an upsetting device and a controller, wherein the static frame is used for clamping or loosening a first steel rail to be welded, and the first steel rail to be welded comprises a first welding surface; the movable frame is used for clamping or loosening a second steel rail to be welded, and the second steel rail to be welded comprises a second welding surface; the friction extrusion piece is detachably arranged on the clamp, the friction extrusion piece comprises a first bonding surface and a second bonding surface which are arranged in a back-to-back mode, the first bonding surface is used for being bonded on the first welding surface, the second bonding surface is used for being bonded on the second welding surface, and the driving device drives the clamp and the friction extrusion piece to reciprocate along the length direction perpendicular to the first steel rail to be welded; the first steel rail to be welded comprises a first welding end, and the movable frame electrode is mounted on the first welding end in a fitting manner; the second steel rail to be welded comprises a second welding end, the second welding end and the first welding end are oppositely arranged, the static frame electrode is mounted on the second welding end in a fitting mode, and the movable frame electrode and the static frame electrode are both used for connecting the positive electrode of a welding power supply; the extrusion end electrode is mounted on the friction extrusion piece in a bonding mode and is used for being connected with a negative electrode of the welding power supply; the upsetting device is used for driving the movable frame to reciprocate in a direction approaching or separating from the static frame; the controller controls the driving device, the upsetting device, the static frame and the movable frame to act, and controls the on-off of the welding power supply.
Optionally, a clamping groove is formed in the clamp, and the friction extrusion piece is clamped and installed in the clamping groove.
Optionally, the movable frame electrode is mounted on the rail web of the first welding end in a fitting manner, and the static frame electrode is mounted on the rail web of the second welding end in a fitting manner.
Optionally, the drive arrangement include first cylinder body and with first cylinder body drive connection's first piston rod, first piston rod detachably installs on the anchor clamps, first piston rod drives anchor clamps with friction extrusion spare is along perpendicular to the length direction reciprocating motion of first rail of waiting to weld together.
Optionally, the extrusion end electrode includes a conductive bar, one end of the conductive bar is installed on the extrusion end electrode, and the other end of the conductive bar is communicated with the welding power supply.
Optionally, the upsetting device comprises a second cylinder body and a second piston rod in driving connection with the second cylinder body, the second cylinder body is fixedly installed on the static frame, the second piston rod is installed on the movable frame, and the second piston rod drives the movable frame to reciprocate along the direction close to or far away from the static frame.
Optionally, be provided with a plurality of movable frame cooling air outlets on the movable frame electrode, be provided with a plurality of static frame cooling air outlets on the static frame electrode, be provided with a plurality of extrusion end cooling air outlets on the extrusion end electrode, a plurality of movable frame cooling air outlets, a plurality of static frame cooling air outlets and a plurality of extrusion end cooling air outlets all are used for being linked together with air compressor, the controller control air compressor's start-stop.
Optionally, the friction extrusion piece is made of U71Mn or nickel-based superalloy.
The utility model provides friction auxiliary steel rail flash welding equipment which comprises a static frame, a movable frame, a clamp, a driving device, an extrusion end electrode, a movable frame electrode, a friction extrusion piece, a static frame electrode, an upsetting device and a controller, wherein the static frame is used for clamping a first steel rail to be welded, the movable frame is used for clamping a second steel rail to be welded, a first bonding surface is bonded on a first welding surface, and a second bonding surface is bonded on a second welding surface; then, the movable frame electrode is attached to the first welding end, the static frame electrode is attached to the second welding end, the movable frame electrode and the static frame electrode are connected to the positive electrode of the welding power supply, the extrusion end electrode is attached to the friction extrusion piece, and the extrusion end electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the welding power supply; and finally, starting a welding power supply by the controller, performing flash welding between the first welding surface and the first bonding surface and between the second welding surface and the second bonding surface until a thin liquid film is formed on the first welding surface and the second welding surface, stopping flash welding by controlling the welding power supply to be powered off by the controller, at the moment, starting the driving device by the controller, enabling the driving device to drive the clamp and the friction extrusion piece to reciprocate along the length direction perpendicular to the first steel rail to be welded, controlling the driving device to act by the controller after the liquid metal, the impurities and the oxide at the first welding surface and the second welding surface are completely extruded, enabling the clamp and the friction extrusion piece to be far away from the first welding surface and the second welding surface together, controlling the upsetting device to act by the controller, enabling the movable frame to move towards the direction close to the static frame, quickly increasing upsetting pressure, realizing metallurgical bonding between the first welding surface and the second welding surface, loosening the first steel rail to be welded by the movable frame after the upsetting time requirement is met, and completing welding by loosening the second steel rail to be welded by the static frame. In the flash welding process, the friction extrusion piece is used for carrying out reciprocating friction on the first welding surface and the second welding surface, so that liquid metal, impurities and oxides generated in the flash welding process on the first welding surface and the second welding surface are extruded, and the mechanical property and the welding quality of the welding joint are improved.
Drawings
The objects and advantages of the present utility model will be better understood by describing in detail preferred embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a friction-assisted rail flash welding apparatus according to one embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a driving device, a clamp, a friction base member, a static frame electrode, a movable frame electrode, an extrusion end electrode, a first steel rail to be welded and a second steel rail to be welded in a friction-assisted steel rail flash welding device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a friction extrusion in a friction-assisted rail flash welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present utility model mounted on a first rail to be welded and a second rail to be welded.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1: a static frame; 2: a movable frame; 3: a clamp; 4: a driving device; 5: extruding the terminal electrode; 6: a movable frame electrode; 7: friction extrusion; 8: a static frame electrode; 9: a upsetting device; 10: a first rail to be welded; 11: the second steel rail to be welded; 12: a first welding end; 13, a second welding end; 14: a first cylinder; 15: a first piston rod; 16: a conductive bar; 17: a movable frame cooling air outlet; 18: cooling air outlet of static frame; 19: the extrusion end cools the air outlet.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be described in detail with reference to examples. Wherein like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the friction-assisted steel rail flash welding equipment provided by the utility model comprises a static frame 1, a movable frame 2, a clamp 3, a driving device 4, an extrusion end electrode 5, a movable frame electrode 6, a friction extrusion piece 7, a static frame electrode 8, an upsetting device 9 and a controller, wherein the static frame 1 is used for clamping or loosening a first steel rail 10 to be welded, and the first steel rail 10 to be welded comprises a first welding surface; the movable frame 2 is used for clamping or loosening a second steel rail 11 to be welded, and the second steel rail 11 to be welded comprises a second welding surface; the friction extrusion piece 7 is detachably arranged on the clamp 3, the friction extrusion piece 7 comprises a first bonding surface and a second bonding surface which are arranged back to back, the first bonding surface is used for bonding on the first welding surface, the second bonding surface is used for bonding on the second welding surface, and the driving device 4 drives the clamp 3 and the friction extrusion piece 7 to reciprocate along the length direction vertical to the first steel rail 10 to be welded; the first rail to be welded 10 comprises a first welding end 12, and the movable frame electrode 6 is mounted on the first welding end 12 in a fitting manner; the second steel rail 11 to be welded comprises a second welding end 13, the second welding end 13 and the first welding end 12 are oppositely arranged, the static frame electrode 8 is mounted on the second welding end 13 in a fitting way, and the movable frame electrode 6 and the static frame electrode 8 are both used for connecting the positive electrode of a welding power supply; the extrusion end electrode 5 is mounted on the friction extrusion piece 7 in a bonding way, and the extrusion end electrode 5 is used for being connected with a negative electrode of a welding power supply; the upsetting device 9 is used for driving the movable frame 2 to reciprocate in a direction approaching or separating from the static frame 1; the controller controls the action of the driving device 4, the upsetting device 9, the static frame 1 and the movable frame 2, and the controller controls the on-off of the welding power supply.
It should be noted that: the structures of the static frame 1 and the dynamic frame 2 in the utility model are known to those skilled in the art, and for example, the structures disclosed in chinese patent ZL201710982469.3 can be used.
The utility model provides friction auxiliary steel rail flash welding equipment which comprises a static frame 1, a movable frame 2, a clamp 3, a driving device 4, an extrusion end electrode 5, a movable frame electrode 6, a friction extrusion piece 7, a static frame electrode 8, an upsetting device 9 and a controller, wherein the static frame 1 is used for clamping a first steel rail 10 to be welded, the movable frame 2 is used for clamping a second steel rail 11 to be welded, a first bonding surface is bonded on a first welding surface, and a second bonding surface is bonded on a second welding surface; then, the movable frame electrode 6 is attached to the first welding end 12, the static frame electrode 8 is attached to the second welding end 13, the movable frame electrode 6 and the static frame electrode 8 are both connected to the positive electrode of a welding power supply, the extrusion end electrode 5 is attached to the friction extrusion piece 7, and the extrusion end electrode 5 is connected to the negative electrode of the welding power supply; finally, the controller starts the welding power supply to start, flash welding is carried out between the first welding surface and the first bonding surface and between the second welding surface and the second bonding surface until a thin liquid film is formed on the first welding surface and the second welding surface, the controller controls the welding power supply to cut off, the flash welding is stopped, at the moment, the controller controls the driving device 4 to start, the driving device 4 drives the clamp 3 and the friction extrusion piece 7 to reciprocate along the length direction perpendicular to the first steel rail 10 to be welded, when the liquid metal, the impurities and the oxides at the first welding surface and the second welding surface are completely extruded, the controller controls the driving device 4 to act, the clamp 3 and the friction extrusion piece 7 are far away from the first welding surface and the second welding surface together, the controller controls the upsetting device 9 to act, the movable frame 2 moves towards the direction close to the static frame 1, the upsetting pressure is rapidly increased, the metallurgical bonding between the first welding surface and the second welding surface is realized, after the upsetting time requirement is met, the movable frame 2 loosens the first steel rail 10 to be welded, the static frame 1 loosens the second steel rail to be welded, and the welding is completed. In the flash welding process, the friction extrusion piece 7 is used for carrying out reciprocating friction on the first welding surface and the second welding surface, so that liquid metal, impurities and oxides generated in flash welding on the first welding surface and the second welding surface are extruded, and the mechanical property and the welding quality of the welding joint are improved.
In the implementation of the utility model, the clamp 3 is internally provided with the clamping groove, the friction extrusion piece 7 is clamped and installed in the clamping groove, the clamping mode is convenient to detach, and the use convenience of the friction-assisted steel rail flash welding equipment is improved.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the movable frame electrode 6 is fitted to the web of the first welding end 12, and the stationary frame electrode 8 is fitted to the web of the second welding end 13. The stability of the mounting structures of the movable frame electrode 6 and the static frame electrode 8 is improved, so that the structural stability of the friction-assisted steel rail flash welding equipment is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the driving device 4 comprises a first cylinder 14 and a first piston rod 15 in driving connection with the first cylinder 14, the first piston rod 15 is detachably mounted on the clamp 3, and the first piston rod 15 drives the clamp 3 and the friction extrusion piece 7 to reciprocate along the length direction perpendicular to the first steel rail 10 to be welded. In this embodiment, through the continuous reciprocating motion of friction extrusion piece 7, all produce the heat on first welding face and second welding face, the heat that produces can extrude liquid metal, impurity and the oxide on first welding face and the second welding face to improved welded joint's mechanical properties and welding quality, used the piston rod to drive friction extrusion piece 7 reciprocating motion, it is more convenient and the motion structure is more stable to implement, has improved the convenient to use and the structural stability of friction auxiliary rail flash of light welding equipment.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the extrusion terminal electrode 5 includes a conductive bar 16, one end of the conductive bar 16 is mounted on the extrusion terminal electrode 5, and the other end of the conductive bar 16 is in communication with a welding power source. In this embodiment, the conductive bars 16 can better guide the current on the welding power source to the extrusion terminal electrode 5, so that the convenience in use of the friction-assisted rail flash welding device is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the upsetting device 9 includes a second cylinder body and a second piston rod in driving connection with the second cylinder body, the second cylinder body is fixedly installed on the static frame 1, the second piston rod is installed on the movable frame 2, and the second piston rod drives the movable frame 2 to reciprocate in a direction approaching or departing from the static frame 1. In this embodiment, the second cylinder body and the second piston rod can be two, and two second cylinder bodies are installed on static frame 1 with setting up relatively, and two piston rods are installed on moving frame 2 with setting up relatively, adopt the second piston rod to drive and move frame 2 towards being close to or keep away from the direction reciprocating motion of static frame 1, have improved the convenient to use of friction auxiliary rail flash welding equipment.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a plurality of movable frame cooling air outlets 17 are arranged on the movable frame electrode 6, a plurality of static frame cooling air outlets 18 are arranged on the static frame electrode 8, a plurality of extrusion end cooling air outlets 19 are arranged on the extrusion end electrode 5, and the plurality of movable frame cooling air outlets 17, the plurality of static frame cooling air outlets 18 and the plurality of extrusion end cooling air outlets 19 are all used for being communicated with an air compressor, and a controller controls the opening and closing of the air compressor. In this embodiment, the cooling air blown out from the static frame cooling air outlet 18, the moving frame cooling air outlet 17 and the extrusion end cooling air outlet 19 can reduce the temperature in the flash welding process, thereby reducing the temperature of the heat affected zone, reducing the size of the heat affected zone of the welded joint, avoiding carbide precipitation and crack generation at the welded joint, and improving the quality of the welded joint.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the friction extrusion member 7 is made of U71Mn or a nickel-based superalloy. U71Mn is a consumable friction extrusion piece 7, and additive manufacturing can be performed; the nickel-based superalloy is a tool type friction extrusion piece 7, butt welding can be achieved, and applicability of friction-assisted steel rail flash welding equipment is improved.
The utility model provides friction auxiliary steel rail flash welding equipment which comprises a static frame 1, a movable frame 2, a clamp 3, a driving device 4, an extrusion end electrode 5, a movable frame electrode 6, a friction extrusion piece 7, a static frame electrode 8, an upsetting device 9 and a controller, wherein the static frame 1 is used for clamping a first steel rail 10 to be welded, the movable frame 2 is used for clamping a second steel rail 11 to be welded, a first bonding surface is bonded on a first welding surface, and a second bonding surface is bonded on a second welding surface; then, the movable frame electrode 6 is attached to the first welding end 12, the static frame electrode 8 is attached to the second welding end 13, the movable frame electrode 6 and the static frame electrode 8 are both connected to the positive electrode of a welding power supply, the extrusion end electrode 5 is attached to the friction extrusion piece 7, and the extrusion end electrode 5 is connected to the negative electrode of the welding power supply; finally, the controller starts the welding power supply to start, flash welding is carried out between the first welding surface and the first bonding surface and between the second welding surface and the second bonding surface until a thin liquid film is formed on the first welding surface and the second welding surface, the controller controls the welding power supply to cut off, the flash welding is stopped, at the moment, the controller controls the driving device 4 to start, the driving device 4 drives the clamp 3 and the friction extrusion piece 7 to reciprocate along the length direction perpendicular to the first steel rail 10 to be welded, when the liquid metal, the impurities and the oxides at the first welding surface and the second welding surface are completely extruded, the controller controls the driving device 4 to act, the clamp 3 and the friction extrusion piece 7 are far away from the first welding surface and the second welding surface together, the controller controls the upsetting device 9 to act, the movable frame 2 moves towards the direction close to the static frame 1, the upsetting pressure is rapidly increased, the metallurgical bonding between the first welding surface and the second welding surface is realized, after the upsetting time requirement is met, the movable frame 2 loosens the first steel rail 10 to be welded, the static frame 1 loosens the second steel rail to be welded, and the welding is completed. In the flash welding process, the friction extrusion piece 7 is used for carrying out reciprocating friction on the first welding surface and the second welding surface, so that liquid metal, impurities and oxides generated in flash welding on the first welding surface and the second welding surface are extruded, and the mechanical property and the welding quality of the welding joint are improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and are not limiting; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the utility model.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a friction auxiliary rail flash welding equipment which characterized in that, includes static frame, moves frame, anchor clamps, drive arrangement, extrudes end electrode, moves frame electrode, friction extrusion piece, static frame electrode, upsetting device and controller, wherein:
the static frame is used for clamping or loosening a first steel rail to be welded, and the first steel rail to be welded comprises a first welding surface;
the movable frame is used for clamping or loosening a second steel rail to be welded, and the second steel rail to be welded comprises a second welding surface;
the friction extrusion piece is detachably arranged on the clamp, the friction extrusion piece comprises a first bonding surface and a second bonding surface which are arranged in a back-to-back mode, the first bonding surface is used for being bonded on the first welding surface, the second bonding surface is used for being bonded on the second welding surface, and the driving device drives the clamp and the friction extrusion piece to reciprocate along the length direction perpendicular to the first steel rail to be welded;
the first steel rail to be welded comprises a first welding end, and the movable frame electrode is mounted on the first welding end in a fitting manner; the second steel rail to be welded comprises a second welding end, the second welding end and the first welding end are oppositely arranged, the static frame electrode is mounted on the second welding end in a fitting mode, and the movable frame electrode and the static frame electrode are both used for connecting the positive electrode of a welding power supply;
the extrusion end electrode is mounted on the friction extrusion piece in a bonding mode and is used for being connected with a negative electrode of the welding power supply;
the upsetting device is used for driving the movable frame to reciprocate in a direction approaching or separating from the static frame;
the controller controls the driving device, the upsetting device, the static frame and the movable frame to act, and controls the on-off of the welding power supply.
2. A friction-assisted rail flash welding apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the clamp is provided with a snap-in groove in which the friction extrusion is snap-fitted.
3. A friction-assisted rail flash welding apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the movable frame electrode is mounted snugly at the web of the first welding end and the stationary frame electrode is mounted snugly at the web of the second welding end.
4. A friction-assisted rail flash welding apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the drive means comprises a first cylinder and a first piston rod drivingly connected to the first cylinder, the first piston rod being removably mounted to the clamp, the first piston rod driving the clamp and the friction extrusion together to reciprocate in a direction perpendicular to the length of the first rail to be welded.
5. A friction assisted rail flash welding apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the extrusion end electrode comprises a conductive strip having one end mounted thereon and the other end in communication with the welding power source.
6. A friction-assisted rail flash welding apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the upsetting means comprises a second cylinder and a second piston rod drivingly connected to the second cylinder, the second cylinder being fixedly mounted on the stationary frame, the second piston rod being mounted on the movable frame and the second piston rod driving the movable frame to reciprocate in a direction toward or away from the stationary frame.
7. The friction-assisted rail flash welding apparatus of claim 1, wherein a plurality of movable frame cooling air outlets are provided on the movable frame electrode, a plurality of stationary frame cooling air outlets are provided on the stationary frame electrode, a plurality of extrusion end cooling air outlets are provided on the extrusion end electrode, and a plurality of movable frame cooling air outlets, a plurality of stationary frame cooling air outlets and a plurality of extrusion end cooling air outlets are all used for being communicated with an air compressor, and the controller controls the opening and closing of the air compressor.
8. A friction-assisted rail flash welding apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the friction extrusion is of U71Mn or nickel-base superalloy.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320481456.9U CN219358247U (en) | 2023-03-14 | 2023-03-14 | Friction-assisted steel rail flash welding equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320481456.9U CN219358247U (en) | 2023-03-14 | 2023-03-14 | Friction-assisted steel rail flash welding equipment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN219358247U true CN219358247U (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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| CN202320481456.9U Active CN219358247U (en) | 2023-03-14 | 2023-03-14 | Friction-assisted steel rail flash welding equipment |
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| CN (1) | CN219358247U (en) |
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