CN219277748U - High-buoyancy floating platform and hoisting platform for deep water dredging - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-buoyancy floating platform and a hoisting platform for deep water dredging. The high-buoyancy floating platform comprises a floating platform frame and a floating body, wherein the floating platform frame is in a cuboid shape and is formed by connecting strip-shaped sectional materials, the floating body is formed by a plurality of cuboid floating body blocks which are stacked together, the floating body blocks are fixedly arranged in the floating platform frame and are filled with all or most of the space in the floating platform frame, and the floating body blocks are made of foamed plastics. The hoisting platform for deep water dredging is characterized in that a floating platform is Gao Fuli, a crane is arranged on the floating platform, a vertically penetrating hoisting rope hole is formed in the floating platform, and the connecting end of a heavy object of the hoisting rope is fixedly connected with a mud suction head of a mud suction system. The floating platform has small area and large buoyancy, and the hoisting platform for deep water dredging can be used for hoisting the mud suction head of a mud suction system so as to realize mud suction dredging operation in places with narrow water surface operation area and deep water such as a near-dam area of a reservoir.

Description

High-buoyancy floating platform and hoisting platform for deep water dredging

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a high-buoyancy floating platform and a hoisting platform for deep water dredging adopting the high-buoyancy floating platform.

Background

The existing floating platform adopts a structure that a platform (a platform main body) and floating bodies are independently arranged, one or a plurality of independent floating bodies which are made into a certain shape are respectively and fixedly arranged at two sides or below the platform, and the platform floats on the water surface by means of the buoyancy of the floating bodies. For example, chinese patent document CN218662286U discloses a floating platform device for water quality testing, including water quality testing floating platform main part and water quality testing section of thick bamboo, the bottom outer edge of water quality testing floating platform main part is equipped with the floating collar through fixed hoop cover, be equipped with the recess around the floating collar, the inside center department of recess is equipped with the traction plate. The Chinese patent document CN217533181U discloses an aquatic floating body and a floating platform, wherein the floating platform comprises a metal frame and a plurality of floating bodies for supporting the metal frame, each floating body comprises a floating barrel, two opposite sides of the top of each floating barrel are provided with protrusions, and the protrusions are provided with first through holes for connecting rods to pass through; grooves are formed in the edges of two opposite sides of the bottom of the pontoon, angle steel edges are arranged at the grooves, and the angle steel and the protrusions are mutually perpendicular; the metal frame comprises a cross beam and a longitudinal beam, the cross beam is parallel to the bulge, a second through hole for the connecting rod to pass through is formed in the cross beam, the bulge is connected with the cross beam through the connecting rod, and the top and the bottom of the mutually spliced floating body are connected through metal rods. The existing floating platform technology has various characteristics and is respectively suitable for respective application occasions. However, there is still a certain disadvantage, mainly that the structure is not compact enough, and the effective duty ratio of the floating body is small relative to a certain horizontal (projected) area or a certain volume, which is unfavorable for obtaining larger buoyancy or carrying heavier objects.

On the other hand, at present, large equipment such as a large dredger, a grabbing dredger or a cutter suction dredger is adopted for dredging, and the dredger has great advantages under the condition of having enough operation sites and proper navigation conditions. However, in the case where the dredger cannot be used for operation due to limited operation sites or it is difficult to bring the dredger to the site due to lack of navigation or land transportation conditions, dredging using the dredger is difficult, in which case the existing solution is mainly emptying dredging, dredging water with an excavator after emptying. However, in some cases, for example, in deeper reservoirs (for example, 45 meters in depth), especially in near-dam areas, the prior art has certain implementation barriers due to the characteristics of high environmental protection requirements, large height difference under the dam top, complex sediment composition and the like. For example, since the reservoir cannot be emptied, the condition of excavating on land by an excavator is not provided; because the reservoir area has no navigation condition, the large dredger cannot enter the ground; because of the large water depth, the grabbing and lifting type cutter suction dredger cannot dredge; because of the generally narrow approach roads, the dam top height difference behind the dam is large (for example, the dam top height difference is 61m from the ground), the difficulty of entering the front water surface of the dam from the ground is increased, and great difficulty exists in the approach of various large-scale equipment.

Disclosure of Invention

A first object of the present utility model is to provide a high buoyancy floating platform to advantageously increase the volume ratio of the floating body and thereby increase buoyancy.

The utility model provides a hoisting platform for deep water dredging, which has the advantages that the horizontal area and the volume of a used floating platform are small, the buoyancy is large, and the hoisting of a mud suction head of a mud suction system on the water surface is realized.

The technical scheme for achieving the aim of the utility model is as follows: the high-buoyancy floating platform comprises a floating platform frame and a floating body, wherein the floating platform frame is cuboid, and the floating body is fixedly arranged in the floating platform frame.

Preferably, the float fills all or most of the space (e.g., more than 90% of the space) within the floating platform frame.

Preferably, the floating platform frame is formed by connecting strip-shaped profiles, such as angle steel.

Further, the floating body is composed of a plurality of cuboid floating body blocks which are stacked together, and each side face of the floating body is respectively attached to/contacted with the floating platform frame on the corresponding side.

Preferably, the floating body block is made of foamed plastic.

Preferably, the floating platform frame is equal in length and width and no greater than one fifth of the length in height.

Further, a floating platform top plate is fixedly arranged on the floating platform frame.

Preferably, the floating platform frame is provided with a fence, the lower end of the fence is fixedly connected to the top frame of the floating platform frame, and the fence is provided with a door or a rail capable of being opened and closed.

The hoisting platform for deep water dredging is provided with a floating platform, wherein the floating platform adopts any high-buoyancy floating platform disclosed by the utility model, and a crane is arranged on the floating platform.

Preferably, the floating platform is provided with a vertically penetrating lifting rope hole, and a lifting rope at the heavy object side of the crane vertically extends downwards and penetrates through the lifting rope hole.

The crane can comprise a hanging bracket and a crane winch, wherein the hanging bracket and the crane winch are fixedly arranged on the hoisting platform, and a space is reserved between the hanging bracket and the crane winch.

The crane can also be a rotary crane, the hanger is provided with a rotary suspension arm, and the winding drum of the lifting mechanism and the driving mechanism of the winding drum are arranged on the hanger.

Further, the heavy object connecting end of the lifting rope is fixedly connected with a mud suction head of the mud suction system.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the floating platform/floating platform frame is cuboid, in particular to cuboid with equal length and width, so that the floating platform/floating platform frame is convenient to operate in a relatively narrow water surface area; because the floating body is cuboid and is stacked (regularly arranged) in the floating platform frame, each side face is connected or attached with the floating platform frame, no gap is reserved, the space in the frame is favorably fully utilized, the buoyancy is increased, and the volume ratio of the floating body relative to the outline of the floating platform can be more than 90 percent under the condition of the hoisting platform for deep water dredging disclosed by the utility model; the floating body is arranged in the floating platform frame, so that the floating body is not easy to be damaged due to collision of other objects and the like when in use, can be prepared from foaming plastic with low cost and high buoyancy (low specific gravity), has low material cost and preparation cost, is convenient to assemble, allows the floating platform frame to be assembled on site with a profile for assembling the floating platform frame, has low requirement on transportation conditions, and can be suitable for occasions with poor transportation conditions; because the hoisting platform formed by the crane is arranged on the floating platform, the dredger can be matched with other equipment to carry out dredge operation in a narrow water surface operation place where a dredger cannot be used, and the deep water dredging requirement in a near-dam area of a reservoir or similar places is met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic elevational (front view) view of a floating platform frame;

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan (top view) view of a floating platform frame;

FIG. 3 is a plan (bottom) schematic view of the floating platform frame;

FIG. 4 is a schematic elevation view of a crane layout;

fig. 5 is a schematic elevation (front view) of a lifting platform and its manner of use.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the frame of such a floating platform (floating body frame) has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with an empty interior for placing a floating body. The floating body should fill the space enclosed by the floating platform frame to the maximum extent, except for the space required for other functions/other structures. The floating body can be made into a block shape which is suitable for the occupied space in the floating platform frame, so that the floating body can be fixed and stabilized. Based on convenience in preparation and storage and transportation of the floating bodies, the floating bodies can be made into a plurality of cuboid-shaped smaller floating body blocks, the floating bodies are stacked in the floating platform frame, the floating bodies are fixed by means of the restraint of the frame, other fixed connection modes are also arranged if necessary, for example, binding and fixing are adopted, or the floating body blocks are bonded together by adopting bonding agents (for example, bonding agents are coated on adjacent surfaces in the stacking process), one or more layers of cloth can be wrapped on the outer surface of the whole floating body formed by the stacked floating body blocks to form a whole fixed/protective layer, bonding agents are preferably adopted between the fixed/protective layer and the surface of the floating body, bonding agents are preferably adopted between all layers of cloth (if multi-layer cloth is adopted) of the fixed/protective layer, and therefore the integrity and the protective strength of the floating body are improved.

The material of the floating body block can be foamed plastic, and the floating body block formed by the material can be called a foamed plastic block.

Based on the characteristics of the foamed plastic, the foamed plastic blocks are allowed to be moderately extruded together in practice, and the side surfaces of the floating body (the foamed plastic block combination) are moderately extruded with the corresponding side surfaces (frame edges, rods and the like) of the floating platform frame so as to improve the stacking compactness and the stability of the foamed plastic blocks. However, according to practical needs, a proper assembly gap and a space for setting other functions can be reserved, for example, a vertical through hole for passing through the lifting rope, and the aperture of the vertical through hole is suitable for the activity requirement in the working process of the lifting rope of the crane.

The floating platform frame can be formed by fixedly connecting strip-shaped sections, such as angle steel and/or steel sections with other shapes, and can also be made of sections with other adapting materials and shapes.

The floating platform frame should be provided with frame edges 11 corresponding to the edges of the rectangular parallelepiped shape, thereby forming rectangular frame edges on each side.

A plurality of cross bars 16 and a plurality of longitudinal bars 17 which are distributed in a plurality of crossed ways are fixedly arranged in the top side frame and the bottom side frame of the floating platform frame, two ends of each cross bar and each longitudinal bar are respectively and fixedly connected with corresponding frame edges of the top side frame and the bottom side frame, and the cross bars and the longitudinal bars which are mutually crossed are also preferably fixedly connected at the crossing points.

The side frame of the floating platform frame is internally and fixedly provided with a plurality of vertical rods 14 which are distributed at intervals, a plurality of inclined rods 15 which are connected end to end can be further arranged, the inclined directions of the adjacent inclined rods are opposite, the inclined rods are connected end to form a toothed structure, and the upper end and the lower end of the toothed structure are respectively and fixedly connected on the upper frame edge and the lower frame edge of the side frame.

The connection between the rims/bars on the floating platform frame can be achieved according to prior art, e.g. welding, bolting (if necessary with bolting structures) etc.

The profile (piece) for assembling the floating platform frame and the floating body block for constituting the floating body can be transported to the site where the floating platform is assembled. The assembly can also be carried out partly in a factory to form a plurality of components with proper sizes according to the transportation conditions and the like, and then the whole assembly of the floating platform is carried out on site. Therefore, the transportation problem can be effectively solved under the condition that the floating platform is large in size and does not have corresponding transportation conditions or the transportation cost is too high.

The top of the floating platform frame is provided with a platform top plate, so that an operator can conveniently operate and install equipment on the platform. The platform top plate can be a whole block or formed by connecting a plurality of plates and can be fixedly connected to the top of the floating platform frame (a top frame, a cross bar, a longitudinal bar and the like, and the specific conditions are based on).

Based on safety considerations, an edge (perimeter) rail may be provided on the floating platform frame, and a door or opening rail should be provided on the edge rail to facilitate ingress and egress of personnel, and the lower end of the edge rail is fixedly connected to the top (e.g., top frame) of the floating platform frame.

When the floating platform is used for hoisting the platform, a vertical through hole for penetrating through a crane lifting rope can be formed in the floating platform according to the actual design or the requirement of the hoisting platform, and the vertical through hole can be called a lifting rope through hole. The lifting rope through hole vertically penetrates through the floating platform so that the lifting rope of the crane passes through, and the aperture of the lifting rope through hole is suitable for the working requirement of the lifting rope.

Under the condition of arranging the lifting rope through hole, the lifting rope guardrail surrounding the outer side of the lifting rope moving area is also arranged on the floating platform, the lower end of the lifting rope guardrail can be provided with an annular base, and the annular base is fixedly connected to the top of the floating platform frame (a top frame, a cross rod, a longitudinal rod and the like, and the actual conditions are specifically met).

In general, the vertical through holes for passing through the hoist ropes may be located at intermediate positions in the lateral and/or longitudinal directions, and accordingly, the spacing of the vertical bars or crossbars on the top and bottom surfaces of the floating platform frame in the respective areas should be sufficient to provide the vertical through holes. In the case where the cross bars or the longitudinal bars in other areas are equally spaced apart and the spacing is too small, the spacing should be increased appropriately in the area.

The crane is mounted on a floating platform to form a hoisting platform 10 which can be used for suspending a suction head 31 of a suction system, the suction head is fixedly mounted on a lifting rope 21 (a heavy object connecting end of the lifting rope) of the crane, and the suction head is sent to an underwater suction position through the crane to perform suction dredging operation, and sludge 39 is extracted. Because the floating platform and the water surface operation area required by the corresponding mud sucking operation are small, the device is suitable for deep water mud sucking operation, can be used for sucking mud and dredging in a near-dam area of a reservoir, and can also be used for other occasions where dredging operation cannot be carried out by adopting a dredger or a land excavator due to narrow water surface operation area, too deep water body, lack of transportation conditions for transporting large equipment to the site and the like, and any other suitable occasions.

The mounting position of the crane on the hoisting platform is favorable for the stability of the hoisting platform (including during working and during non-working), and a counterweight can be arranged on the hoisting platform if necessary.

The crane of a proper form can be selected according to actual conditions and needs. For example, a simple crane is composed of a hoist (which may be called a crane hoist) 26 and a hanger 27, both of which are fixedly installed on a hoisting platform with a certain distance therebetween, a wire rope serving as a hoisting rope (or sling) is threaded around a high-position fixed pulley (or pulley block) 25 provided at the top of the hanger, one end (a section including an end portion) is wound on a drum of the hoist (the end portion is fixed on the drum), the other end is vertically downward, the end portion is used for connecting/hanging a heavy object, a heavy object connecting end is provided, a mud suction head is fixedly installed at the end through a connecting piece (assembly), and the posture of the mud suction head should be adapted to the mud suction dredging requirement.

The small rotary crane 23 can also be adopted, the boom of the small rotary crane can rotate, the mud suction area of the mud suction head can be properly adjusted and enlarged by means of rotation of the boom under the condition that the position of the lifting platform is unchanged, and a winding drum in a lifting mechanism and a power (driving) device of the winding drum can be regarded as a winding device, and a steel wire rope for a lifting rope is wound on the winding drum.

The suction head is sent into the water through the crane, the height of the suction head is controlled and adjusted according to the suction progress, and the elevation of the dredged mud surface is gradually reached from top to bottom.

Fig. 5 shows an example of one such application, using a pneumatic suction system for suction dredging, the suction head of which may be referred to as a pneumatic suction head. The mud suction system uses pressure gas (or high-pressure air) as power to suck mud, can be well adapted to deep water dredging, and allows the mud to contain particles such as stones with a certain size, and the basic working principle is as follows: compressed air generated by an air compressor (a pressure air source) is conveyed to the bottom of the suction head through an air supply pipe 32, a water column above the section of a high-pressure air outlet of the suction head starts to accelerate from a static state, a flow velocity difference is generated, negative pressure is further formed, water near a silt inlet (a bottom pipe orifice) carries silt components such as silt into the suction head, the water and the silt components flow together under the drive of high-speed air flow in the suction head, a gas-water-solid three-phase mixture (for convenience of description, the mixture is also called silt) is formed, and the mixture enters a silt conveying pipe 33 from a silt outlet of the suction head.

The mud suction head of the mud suction system is fixed at the heavy object connecting end of the lifting rope through a proper lifting appliance (a connecting fixing component), mud is sucked at a proper position of the water bottom through the lifting rope (e.g. a steel wire rope) of the crane, the mud outlet of the mud suction head is connected with a mud conveying pipe, mud sucked by the mud suction head (mud-containing mixture) is sent out through the mud conveying pipe, and the lengths of the mud conveying pipe and the steel wire rope are set according to actual needs, so that deep water dredging can be realized.

The setting position of the pressure air source can be according to actual needs. For example, it may be disposed on the top surface of a dam or on the bank, etc. The pressure air source comprises an air compressor and matched equipment, the suction head is connected through the air supply pipe, the length of the air supply pipe is set according to actual needs, and the control mode and matched control facilities of the air supply pipe are according to the prior art. When the mud is required to be sucked, the control valve is opened, and pressure air enters the mud suction head through the air supply pipe so as to realize mud suction.

The mud pipe which is allowed to bend is adopted, the pontoon 35 is bound on the mud pipe (corresponding part of the mud suction pipe) which is positioned on the water surface during operation, the part of the mud pipe floats on the water surface by virtue of the action of the pontoon, and the number or the setting density of the pontoons is according to actual needs.

The mud conveying pipe (corresponding part of the mud suction pipe) adjacent to the mud suction head is not provided with a pontoon, and the mud suction head is deeply immersed in water during working. The length of the mud pipe without the pontoon is determined according to actual needs, and a certain margin can be added for the water depth, so that a section of proper bending transition exists between the vertical part of the mud pipe which is deeply submerged in water and the horizontal part formed by the pontoon.

The transfer platform 34 also employs such a floating platform, which is primarily used to carry the booster pump 36 and also serves to support the mud pipe. The booster pump is mainly arranged according to the power requirement of sludge conveying and is connected in series on a sludge conveying pipe of the sludge suction system so as to boost the sludge flow. According to the sludge characteristics and the pressurizing requirements, a sewage pump in an adaptive form can be used as a pressurizing pump.

The mud pipe at the inlet side of the booster pump may be referred to as a suction pipe, and the mud pipe at the outlet side of the booster pump may be referred to as a discharge pipe. In practice, the suction head may be integral with the pipe or part of the pipe.

The floating platform (the hoisting platform, or the hoisting platform and the transferring platform, if the transferring platform is arranged), is connected with a plurality of cables which extend towards different directions respectively, the other end (the end which is not connected with the floating platform) of the cables is fixedly connected with a fixed foundation, the fixed foundation for fixing the cables is selected according to practical conditions, for example, the top surface of a dam, a fixed slipway, the shore of a hard ground (the shore ground), and the like, and the connection with the fixed foundation, for example, a bracket, a steel drill or a pre-buried connecting piece, and the like can be realized through a connecting piece in a proper form. The cable winch can be arranged on a fixed basis, the other end of the cable is wound on a winding drum of the cable winch, and the cable is fixed through the cable winch.

The connection points of the cables extending in different directions on the floating platform can be respectively positioned on the corresponding side edges (for example, the frame of the floating platform positioned on the corresponding side) of the floating platform corresponding to the extending directions of the cables, the number of the cables, the directions of the cables and the connection positions of the cables on the floating platform are properly set, so that the sum of the pulling force of the cables on the floating platform and the acting force of water flow borne by the floating platform and the sum of the acting moment (equivalent to the mass center) under the tensioning state of the cables are zero, and the stability of the floating platform is maintained.

When the position of the hoisting platform or the transferring platform needs to be adjusted, the length of each cable connected with the platform is adjusted by a manual mode or a cable winch, and the hoisting platform or the transferring platform is dragged to and fixed at a proper position.

During operation, plane positioning is firstly carried out, the hoisting platform is moved to a proper position, a cantilever of the crane can be adjusted (if the hoisting platform is provided with the cantilever), the suction head is positioned at a required plane position, then the suction head is gradually lowered to be close to the mud surface through the crane, an air supply valve of an air supply pipe or a pressure air source is opened, sediment near a suction port enters the suction head under the combined action of water head pressure and compressed air, and the mud (mixture) is lifted to the water surface part of the mud conveying pipe through the underwater part of the mud conveying pipe and finally is sent out by the mud conveying pipe. And continuously lowering the suction head along with the lowering of the mud surface until the elevation of the mud surface after dredging is reached, and then moving to the next mud suction position. The cycle proceeds in this way until it is completed.

When the sludge to be cleaned is deeper, the sludge can be cleaned in layers or is put down according to a ratio of 1:14 during cleaning, so that collapse caused by overlarge excavation depth at one time is avoided.

The preferred and optional technical means disclosed in the present utility model may be arbitrarily combined to form a plurality of different specific embodiments unless otherwise specified and when one preferred or optional technical means is further defined as another technical means.

Claims (10)

1. The high-buoyancy floating platform is characterized by comprising a floating platform frame and a floating body, wherein the floating platform frame is cuboid, and the floating body is fixedly arranged in the floating platform frame.

2. The high buoyancy floating platform of claim 1 wherein the floating platform frame is formed by connecting bar-shaped profiles.

3. A high buoyancy floating platform according to claim 1 wherein the floating body is formed of a plurality of cuboid shaped floating body blocks stacked together, each side of the floating body being respectively in abutment/interengagement with the floating platform frame on a respective side.

4. The high buoyancy floating platform of claim 1 wherein the floating body mass is foamed plastic.

5. The high buoyancy floating platform of claim 1 wherein the floating platform frame is equal in length and width and has a height no greater than one fifth of the length.

6. The high buoyancy floating platform of claim 1 wherein a floating platform top plate is fixedly mounted on the floating platform frame.

7. The high buoyancy floating platform of claim 1, wherein the floating platform frame is provided with a fence, the lower end of the fence is fixedly connected to the top frame of the floating platform frame, and the fence is provided with a door or a rail capable of being opened and closed.

8. A hoisting platform for deep water dredging, provided with a floating platform, characterized in that the floating platform adopts the high buoyancy floating platform according to any one of claims 1-7, and a crane is arranged on the floating platform.

9. The hoisting platform for deep water dredging as claimed in claim 8, wherein the floating platform is provided with a vertically penetrating hoisting rope hole, and the hoisting rope on the weight side of the crane extends vertically downward through the hoisting rope hole.

10. The hoisting platform for deep water dredging as claimed in claim 8, wherein the hoist comprises a hanger and a hoist winch, both of which are fixedly installed on the hoisting platform with a space therebetween; or the crane is a rotary crane, the hanger is provided with a rotary suspension arm, and the winding drum of the lifting mechanism and the driving mechanism of the winding drum are arranged on the hanger.

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