CN219124967U - Ecological restoration system for seashore zone with stormy waves erosion - Google Patents
Ecological restoration system for seashore zone with stormy waves erosion Download PDFInfo
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- CN219124967U CN219124967U CN202223418551.9U CN202223418551U CN219124967U CN 219124967 U CN219124967 U CN 219124967U CN 202223418551 U CN202223418551 U CN 202223418551U CN 219124967 U CN219124967 U CN 219124967U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a wind and wave erosion type lakeside zone ecological restoration system, which comprises: at least one layer of soft enclosure structure arranged at the periphery of the lakeside offshore zone; an ecological dam which is constructed on the beach ground of the coastal zone of the lakeside and is positioned behind the soft enclosing structure; an ecological bag planting belt constructed on the slope surface of the back side of the ecological dam; a riprap belt arranged on the beach of the lakeside offshore zone and located behind the ecological dam; a protective belt for preventing the erosion of bottom mud, which is constructed on the beach of the coastal zone of the lakeside and is positioned between the riprap zone and the coastal zone of the lakeside; a submerged plant zone constructed on the beach of the lakeside offshore zone and located within the submerged plant planting area; and an emergent aquatic plant belt constructed on the beach of the lakeside offshore zone and positioned within the emergent plant planting area. The utility model restores the ecological system of the lakeside zone, improves the capability of the lakeside zone for resisting stormy waves, and forms a tough ecological system.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to a seashore ecological restoration system for stormy waves.
Background
The easily eroded lakeside zone is generally positioned on the windward side of the wind direction which is dominant throughout the year, the ecological environment of the lakeside zone is obviously influenced by wind waves, and especially in the flood season, the problems of high water level in the lakeside zone, long blowing distance, great wind wave height on the lakeside, easy erosion caused by wind waves, aquatic vegetation disappearance and algae accumulation are the most prominent problems of the current situation of the lakeside zone. The lakeside zone is an ecological staggered area connected with the lake and the surrounding land environment, is a natural protective barrier of the lake, has the functions of intercepting land pollution, protecting habitat and biodiversity, protecting bank and the like, and is also an area most easily interfered by human activities. The lakeside zone is used as a weaker ecological system, and the degradation of the ecological function of the lakeside zone can cause various ecological problems such as degradation of the environmental quality of the lake water body, reduction of biological diversity, reduction of the service function of the ecological system and the like. Therefore, the construction of the lakeside ecosystem is a key link for recovering the healthy lake.
At present, the difficulty of ecological restoration of the lakeside zone which is easy to erode is that the disappearance of aquatic vegetation causes the aggravation of hydraulic flushing of the lakeside zone and the geological instability of the lakeside zone; the hydraulic flushing caused by wind waves further causes easy erosion and also causes deterioration of the living environment of aquatic vegetation; on the one hand, the restoration of aquatic vegetation lacks a stable matrix due to the geological instability of the lakeshore, and the plants are easy to lodge and die in the growth process, so that the hydraulic flushing is difficult to effectively relieve. Therefore, the key point of ecological restoration of the lakeside zone which is easy to erode is to comprehensively cope with the problems of aquatic vegetation disappearance, lakeside geological instability, water flushing aggravation and the like which are related with each other.
The main engineering measures for ecological restoration of the lakeside zone which is easy to erode nowadays comprise wave elimination treatment, habitat restoration, community structure restoration and ecological system function restoration. The common wave-dissipating technology mainly comprises stone dam wave-dissipating technology, pile wave-dissipating technology, plant wave-dissipating technology, floating wave-dissipating technology and raft wave-dissipating technology; the ecological restoration mainly comprises restoration of the substrate of the lakeside zone, improvement of lake hydrology and water quality conditions and the like; the community structure recovery is realized by selecting native species with strong environmental condition adaptation, purification and anti-interference capability, and gradually recovering aquatic plant communities; the ecological system function recovery mainly comprises the optimization configuration and regulation of the structure and the function of the ecological system, and the construction of the ecological system of the coastal zone of the lake. However, most of the current measures are aimed at some problems of aquatic vegetation, lake shore geology or stormy waves, and no ecological restoration technology for easily eroding lakeside zones is formed.
For this purpose, the applicant has found, through a beneficial search and study, a solution to the above-mentioned problems, against which the technical solutions to be described below are developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the utility model are as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the ecological restoration system for the seashore zone with the corrosion of the stormy waves is provided for improving the resistance of the stormy waves.
The technical problems to be solved by the utility model can be realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a stormy wave erosion type lakeside zone ecological restoration system, comprising:
at least one layer of soft enclosure structure arranged at the periphery of the lakeside offshore zone;
an ecological dam which is constructed on the beach ground of the coastal zone of the lakeside and is positioned behind the soft enclosing structure;
an ecological bag planting belt constructed on the back slope of the ecological dam;
a riprap zone disposed on beach ground of a lakeside offshore zone and located behind the ecological dam;
the protection belt is constructed on the beach of the lakeside coastal zone and is positioned between the riprap zone and the lakeside coastal zone, and the protection belt is used for dividing the beach of the lakeside coastal zone into an submerged plant planting area and an emergent aquatic plant planting area;
a submerged plant zone constructed on the beach of the lakeside offshore zone and located within the submerged plant planting area; and
an emergent aquatic plant belt constructed on the beach of the shore zone and located within the emergent plant planting area.
In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the soft enclosure structure is a plurality of layers, and the soft enclosure structure is a floating type soft enclosure structure and is arranged at intervals along the direction of storm erosion.
In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the ecological bag-growing belt comprises:
a plurality of ecological bags paved on the slope surface of the back side of the ecological dam, wherein each ecological bag is filled with planting soil; and
wave-eliminating landscape plants planted on the planting soil of the ecological bags.
In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the wave-attenuating landscape plant is reed.
In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the protective belt for preventing the corrosion of the bottom mud is a gabion structure, and the width of the protective belt is 1 m-3 m.
In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the submerged plant belt comprises:
the bottom layer is formed by a plurality of geocells arranged side by side and a plurality of gabions arranged in a crisscross manner, and planting nutrient soil is filled in each geocell;
submerged plants planted on the nutrient soil of each geocell; and
floating leaf plants floating on the water surface of the submerged plant planting area.
In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the submerged plant is one or more combinations of kusnezoff, spiny kusnezoff, black algae of leaves, malaytea scurfpea vine or goldfish algae.
In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the emergent aquatic plant planted in-band is typha.
In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, a plurality of light supplement lamps are provided at intervals in the submerged plant growing area.
In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the blue algae collecting device further comprises a plurality of blue algae collecting devices which are arranged in the submerged plant planting area at intervals.
In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, a number of hybrid current generating devices are also included, spaced apart within the submerged plant growing area.
In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, an ecological germplasm pool built in said submerged plant growing area and located below the water surface is also included.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the utility model, measures such as wind wave reduction, plant planting substrate restoration, large-scale aquatic plant community construction and the like are adopted to restore the ecological system of the lakeside zone, improve the capacity of the lakeside zone for resisting the wind wave, and form a tough ecological system;
2. according to the utility model, double wave elimination is performed by arranging the floating type soft enclosure structure and the ecological dam, the floating type soft enclosure structure not only can play a role in wave elimination, but also can isolate algae, pollutants and the like, wind waves are subjected to soft enclosure and then are subjected to secondary wave elimination to the ecological dam, and a good wave elimination effect is achieved by combining a flexible measure with a rigid measure;
3. in order to restore the aquatic plant community structure, the utility model firstly restores the planting substrate, arranges a protection belt which is formed by a gabion and is used for preventing the erosion of bottom mud at the joint of the emergent aquatic plant and the submerged plant near the bank, and carries out wave breaking energy absorption and substrate protection so as to ensure the survival rate of the initial planting of the emergent aquatic plant and the stability of the substrate; meanwhile, stone throwing is carried out on the back side slope of the ecological dam to protect the bottom, and stone blocks with different grades are utilized to throw and fill in the rear end area of the ecological dam, so that waves can be fully crushed at different angles after passing through the ecological dam, and the ecological dam can be protected from being stable in structure;
4. in the utility model, the soil engineering cells and criss-cross gabions are combined for bottom paving and installation in the process of repairing the local substrate, so that disturbance of shearing force of wind waves and turbulence to the substrate sludge is reduced, substrate sludge resuspension is avoided, submerged plant growth is protected, and disturbance is reduced;
5. after the planting substrate is repaired, an aquatic plant community is constructed, aquatic plants with stronger local storm resistance, such as bitter grass, thorn bitter grass, leaf-black algae, malaytea scurfpea, goldfish algae and the like are selected, and a certain light supplementing measure can be configured to meet the illumination requirement of the aquatic plants because the transparency of the water body in the lake region is low, and a light supplementing lamp is arranged below the water surface of the submerged plant planting region.
6. Because the water quality in the lake area is eutrophicated and blue-green algae burst exists, the utility model adopts certain blue-green algae prevention and control measures, a blue-green algae trapping device is arranged in the submerged plant planting area, certain mixed flow-making equipment is arranged, the internal circulation of the water body is regulated and controlled, the oxygen content of the water body is increased, and meanwhile, filter-feeding fishes are put in to inhibit the growth of blue-green algae.
7. In order to increase the toughness strength of the ecological system of the lakeside buffer zone, the ecological germplasm library is built under water by utilizing the undulating topography, so that the ecological germplasm library has the capability of recovering after being destroyed, and the ecological toughness of water is increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described with reference to the following detailed drawings in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the implementation of the utility model easy to understand.
Referring to fig. 1, a system for restoring ecology of a seashore zone of stormy waves erosion type is shown, which comprises a two-layer soft enclosing structure 100, an ecological dam 200, an ecological bag planting zone 300, a stone throwing zone 400, a protection zone 500 for preventing erosion of bottom mud, a submerged plant zone 600 and an emergent aquatic plant zone 700.
The two-layer soft enclosure structure 100 is arranged on the peripheral area of the shore zone near the lakeside at intervals along the direction of storm erosion. Of course, the number of the soft enclosure structures 100 is not limited to the number in the present embodiment, and should be set according to actual wave-dissipating requirements. In this embodiment, the soft enclosure structure 100 preferably employs a floating type soft enclosure structure.
The ecological dam 200 is constructed on the beach of the lakeside offshore zone and is located behind the floating soft enclosure structure 100.
According to the utility model, the soft enclosure structure 100 and the ecological dam 200 are arranged for double wave elimination, the soft enclosure structure 100 not only can play a role in wave elimination, but also can isolate algae, pollutants and the like, the wind waves pass through the floating type soft enclosure structure and then are secondarily eliminated to the ecological dam, and a good wave elimination effect is achieved by combining a flexible measure with a rigid measure;
the ecological bag planting belt 300 is constructed on the back side slope of the ecological dam 200. Specifically, the ecological bag planting belt 300 comprises a plurality of ecological bags 310 and wave-eliminating landscape plants 320, the ecological bags 310 are paved on the slope surface of the back side of the ecological dam 200, planting soil is filled in each ecological bag 310, the wave-eliminating landscape plants 320 are planted on the planting soil of the ecological bags 310, and landscape effect is added while stormy waves are reduced. In this embodiment, the wave-attenuating landscape plant 320 is preferably reed.
The riprap belt 400 is disposed on the beach of the lakeside offshore zone and behind the ecological dam 200. The riprap belt 400 enables the waves to be sufficiently crushed at different angles after passing through the ecological dam 200, and can protect the structural stability of the ecological dam 200.
The protection belt 500 for preventing the corrosion of the bottom mud is constructed on the beach of the coastal zone of the lakeside between the riprap zone 400 and the coastal zone of the lakeside, and the protection belt 500 for preventing the corrosion of the bottom mud divides the beach of the coastal zone of the lakeside into the submerged plant growing area 10 and the emergent aquatic plant growing area 20. In this embodiment, the protection belt 500 for preventing the bottom mud from being corroded is a gabion structure, and the width thereof is 1m to 3m. In order to restore the aquatic plant community structure, the utility model firstly restores the planting substrate, arranges a protection belt 500 for preventing the erosion of bottom mud, which is formed by a gabion, at the joint of the emergent aquatic plant and the submerged plant near the bank, and carries out wave breaking energy absorption and substrate protection so as to ensure the survival rate of the emergent aquatic plant in the initial stage and the stability of the substrate.
In the utility model, the soil engineering cells and criss-cross gabions are combined for bottom paving and installation in the process of repairing the local substrate, so that disturbance of shearing force of wind waves and turbulence to the substrate sludge is reduced, substrate sludge resuspension is avoided, submerged plant growth is protected, and disturbance is reduced; after the planting substrate is repaired, an aquatic plant community is constructed, and the submerged plant 620 is selected from aquatic plants with stronger natural wind wave resistance, such as bitter grass, spiny bitter grass, black algae on leaves, malaytea scurfpea, goldfish algae and the like.
The emergent aquatic plant belt 700 is constructed on the beach of the coastal zone of the lakeside and is positioned in the emergent plant planting area 20, further reducing wind waves and protecting the post-case space. In this embodiment, typha is preferably used as the emergent aquatic plant grown in the emergent aquatic plant tape 700.
Because the transparency of the water body in the lake area is not high, a certain light supplementing measure can be configured to meet the illumination requirement of the aquatic plants, and a light supplementing lamp 800 is arranged below the water surface of the submerged plant planting area 10.
Because the water quality in the lake area is eutrophicated and blue-green algae burst exists, the utility model adopts certain blue-green algae prevention and control measures, a plurality of blue-green algae trapping devices 900 are arranged in the submerged plant planting area 10 at intervals, a plurality of mixed flow-making devices 1000 are arranged in the submerged plant planting area at intervals, the internal circulation of the water body is regulated and controlled, the oxygen content of the water body is increased, and meanwhile, filter feeding fishes are put in to inhibit the growth of blue-green algae.
In order to increase the toughness strength of the lakeside buffer zone ecosystem, the ecological germplasm pool 1100 is built by using the undulating topography under the water surface in the submerged plant planting area 10, so that the ecological germplasm pool has the self-recovery capability after being destroyed, and the ecological toughness of water is increased.
The following is a specific application example of the wind and wave erosion type lakeside ecological restoration system of the utility model:
selecting a certain lake of the Shanghai for carrying out ecological restoration demonstration of a wind and wave erosion type lakeside zone, wherein the total length of a shoreline is about 220m, a double-layer floating type soft enclosure is arranged at the periphery of a test section, the total length is 560m, an ecological dam is arranged after the double-layer floating type soft enclosure, the length is about 270m, the distance from the ecological dam to the shoreside is about 50m, and the area is about 1.02 ten thousand m 2 Placing ecological bags on the back of ecological dam, planting reed thereon, arranging 1m wide riprap belt, vertically and horizontally arranging 1m wide gabion with 50×50cm bottom mud anti-corrosion protecting belt in submerged plant planting area, braiding high strength galvanized steel wires into rectangular cages of different specifications, and fillingThe grain size of the filling material is controlled to be 10-18 cm and is more than 80%, the grain size is preferably 2 times of meshes, the rest is filled with stone with small grain size and is higher than mud surface line by 10cm, meanwhile, geocells are arranged, the geocells are made of reinforced HDPE sheet materials, a three-dimensional net-shaped cell is formed by high-strength welding, the height of the three-dimensional net-shaped cell is 20cm, the periphery of the three-dimensional net-shaped cell is fixed with a steel cutting rod with the length of 60cm in an auxiliary way, the mud surface line is higher than 1cm, and native species such as kuh-grass, spiny kuh-grass, malaytea scum, leaf black algae, goldfish algae and the like are planted in the area, and the total submerged plant is 8090m 2 。
2 sets of blue algae capturing systems and 2 sets of mixed flow making equipment are arranged in the southwest and southwest of the area, a germplasm warehouse with the diameter of 6m and the height of 40cm is arranged in the 2 places, a soil-building mode is adopted, the periphery is fixed by pine piles, the pile length is 80cm, the piling depth is 40cm, the periphery is wound and fixed by single-circle steel wires, and 3 sets of light supplementing systems are arranged. A protective belt which is made of 2m wide gabions and is used for preventing the erosion of bottom mud is arranged at 10m of the offshore area, typha is planted in the area, and the total area is 950m 2 。
After one year of engineering implementation, the coverage rate of the aquatic plants in the demonstration area is more than 80%, and the coverage rate of the aquatic plants outside the demonstration area is 20% -30%, so that the method has a good effect on ecological restoration of the seashore area of stormy waves.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present utility model and the advantages of the present utility model. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present utility model is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present utility model, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (12)
1. A stormy wave erosion type lakeside zone ecological restoration system, comprising:
at least one layer of soft enclosure structure arranged at the periphery of the lakeside offshore zone;
an ecological dam which is constructed on the beach ground of the coastal zone of the lakeside and is positioned behind the soft enclosing structure;
an ecological bag planting belt constructed on the back slope of the ecological dam;
a riprap zone disposed on beach ground of a lakeside offshore zone and located behind the ecological dam;
the protection belt is constructed on the beach of the lakeside coastal zone and is positioned between the riprap zone and the lakeside coastal zone, and the protection belt is used for dividing the beach of the lakeside coastal zone into an submerged plant planting area and an emergent aquatic plant planting area;
a submerged plant zone constructed on the beach of the lakeside offshore zone and located within the submerged plant planting area; and
an emergent aquatic plant belt constructed on the beach of the shore zone and located within the emergent plant planting area.
2. The stormwater corrosion type lakeside ecology restoration system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soft enclosure structure is a plurality of layers, and is arranged at intervals along the stormwater corrosion direction, and the soft enclosure structure is a floating type soft enclosure structure.
3. The stormy wave erosion type lakeside zone ecological restoration system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ecological bag planting zone comprises:
a plurality of ecological bags paved on the slope surface of the back side of the ecological dam, wherein each ecological bag is filled with planting soil; and
wave-eliminating landscape plants planted on the planting soil of the ecological bags.
4. A stormy wave erosion type lakeside zone ecological restoration system as claimed in claim 3, wherein said stormy wave eliminating landscape plant is reed.
5. The stormy wave erosion type lakeside zone ecological restoration system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the protection belt for preventing the corrosion of the bottom mud is a gabion structure with a width of 1 m-3 m.
6. The stormy wave erosion type lakeside zone ecological restoration system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the submerged plant zone comprises:
the bottom layer is formed by a plurality of geocells arranged side by side and a plurality of gabions arranged in a crisscross manner, and planting nutrient soil is filled in each geocell;
submerged plants planted on the nutrient soil of each geocell; and
floating leaf plants floating on the water surface of the submerged plant planting area.
7. The stormy wave erosion type lakeside zone ecological restoration system according to claim 6, wherein the submerged plant is one or a combination of more of kusnezoff, spiny kusnezoff, black algae of leaves, malaytea scurfpea vine or goldfish algae.
8. The stormy wave erosion type lakeside zone ecological restoration system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the emergent aquatic plant planted in the emergent aquatic plant zone is typha.
9. The stormy wave erosion type lakeside zone ecological restoration system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a plurality of light supplementing lamps arranged at intervals in the submerged plant growing area.
10. The stormwater corrosion type lakeside ecological restoration system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a plurality of blue algae trapping devices arranged at intervals in the submerged plant planting area.
11. The stormwater joint ecological restoration system as claimed in claim 10, further comprising a plurality of mixed flow devices disposed at intervals within the submerged plant growing area.
12. The stormy wave erosion type lakeside zone ecological restoration system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an ecological germplasm pool built in said submerged plant growing area and located below the water surface.
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| CN202223418551.9U CN219124967U (en) | 2022-12-20 | 2022-12-20 | Ecological restoration system for seashore zone with stormy waves erosion |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117266090A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2023-12-22 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Coastal zone structure with storm prevention and ecological landscape and construction method |
| CN117509921A (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-02-06 | 江苏龙腾工程设计股份有限公司 | Intelligent photovoltaic ecological wetland restoration system for coastal zone of river and lake |
-
2022
- 2022-12-20 CN CN202223418551.9U patent/CN219124967U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117266090A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2023-12-22 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Coastal zone structure with storm prevention and ecological landscape and construction method |
| CN117266090B (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-02-06 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Coastal zone structure with storm prevention and ecological landscape and construction method |
| CN117509921A (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-02-06 | 江苏龙腾工程设计股份有限公司 | Intelligent photovoltaic ecological wetland restoration system for coastal zone of river and lake |
| CN117509921B (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-05-07 | 江苏龙腾工程设计股份有限公司 | Intelligent photovoltaic ecological wetland restoration system for coastal zone of river and lake |
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