CN218937991U - Stress and deformation test device for lining structure of expanded rock tunnel - Google Patents
Stress and deformation test device for lining structure of expanded rock tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN218937991U CN218937991U CN202320694937.8U CN202320694937U CN218937991U CN 218937991 U CN218937991 U CN 218937991U CN 202320694937 U CN202320694937 U CN 202320694937U CN 218937991 U CN218937991 U CN 218937991U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a lining simulation test device, in particular to a stress and deformation test device for an expanded rock tunnel lining structure, which comprises a loading mechanism, a tunnel simulation mechanism and a detection system, wherein the loading mechanism comprises an actuator and a reaction frame, the actuator is arranged in the reaction frame, the force application end of the actuator faces to the inner side of the tunnel simulation mechanism, the tunnel simulation mechanism comprises a lining layer and a surrounding rock simulation part, the surrounding rock simulation part comprises a steel ring box and an expandable surrounding rock simulation layer filled in the steel ring box, and a baffle plate at the front side of the ring box is a detachable part, compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: the simulation layer of the expansion surrounding rock is added in the lining stress simulation test device, and is used for researching the stress and deformation characteristics of the lining structure of the expansion rock tunnel, and the whole test device fully simulates the expansion process of the expansion rock in water and the influence on the stress and displacement of the tunnel lining during expansion.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a tunnel lining simulation test device, in particular to a stress and deformation test device for an expansive rock tunnel lining structure.
Background
In recent years, with the development of infrastructure construction in China, more and more tunnels inevitably pass through weak strata or special soil areas, and the expansive rock with crack development and remarkable expansibility is particularly representative. Because the expandable rock contains a large amount of hydrophilic substances, the expandable rock has remarkable deformation characteristics of water absorption expansion and water loss shrinkage, the strength of the rock mass gradually decays along with the reciprocation of expansion and shrinkage deformation, and meanwhile, the expansion and shrinkage characteristics are expressed as force and deformation when acting on the lining structure. When the tunnel structure passes through the expansive surrounding rock, additional internal force and deformation can be generated under the action of the expansion force, so that the tunnel lining structure is cracked and deformed, and the safety and stability of the tunnel structure are seriously affected.
Due to the discreteness of the occurrence of the expansion rock and the seasonality and complexity of the distribution of underground water, the distribution situation of the expansion rock and the underground water is difficult to master comprehensively in time in the construction period, and the phenomena of deformation, collapse, limit invasion, concrete corrosion and the like of a tunnel bottom drum and a lining structure in the construction period and even in the operation period are caused. Therefore, the method for researching the stress and deformation characteristics of the lining structure of the expansive rock tunnel by adopting the model test has important theoretical and practical significance. At present, research on the stability of surrounding rock and lining structures of an expanded rock tunnel is mainly focused on theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, on-site monitoring and the like, and a reasonable model test device is not yet available for researching the stress and deformation characteristics of the lining structures of the expanded rock tunnel under the condition that the surrounding rock absorbs water and expands.
The current model test device for the stress and deformation research of the expansion rock tunnel lining structure is not complete enough, has single equipment function, can only simply simulate the loading process of the tunnel lining structure, does not fully consider the simulation of surrounding rock conditions and external unfavorable boundary conditions (such as underground water and the like), also lacks synchronous effective monitoring measures for the stress characteristics and displacement changes of the lining after the surrounding rock absorbs water and expands, is not accurate enough for controlling and applying the expansion force to the tunnel lining structure, and lacks sufficient model test verification about the conclusion of the expansion force and the expansion deformation of the expansion rock tunnel lining structure, so that the numerical simulation and theoretical calculation result lack persuasion.
Therefore, the development of the stress and deformation test device for the lining structure of the expanded rock tunnel has urgent research value, good economic benefit and industrial application potential, and is the power place and foundation for the completion of the utility model.
Disclosure of Invention
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and have completed the present utility model after a great deal of creative effort.
Specifically, the technical problems to be solved by the utility model are as follows: the utility model provides an expanded rock tunnel lining structure atress and deformation test device to solve current analogue means and can't reveal expanded rock and to lining effect technical problem.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides an expandable rock tunnel lining structure atress and deformation test device, includes loading mechanism, tunnel simulation mechanism and detecting system, loading mechanism includes actuator and reaction frame, the actuator is installed in the reaction frame, and will the application of force end orientation inboard tunnel simulation mechanism of actuator, tunnel simulation mechanism includes lining layer and country rock simulation portion, the country rock simulation portion includes steel ring case and fills the expandable country rock simulation layer in steel ring incasement, its front baffle of ring case is detachable part, sets up a plurality of equidistance holes along the hoop on the front baffle, inserts the steel pipe in the hole, and the steel pipe outer end links to each other with water injection mechanism, the lining layer is located the country rock simulation portion inboard in the ring.
In the utility model, as an improvement, the lining layer is surrounded in a horseshoe shape, the surrounding rock simulation part and the lining layer are concentric, have the same shape but have different diameters, and are attached to the inner side of the surrounding rock simulation part.
In the utility model, as an improvement, the detection system comprises a sheet-type pressure sensor arranged between the surrounding rock simulation part and the lining layer and an optical fiber displacement sensor arranged on the inner side of the lining layer, wherein a plurality of pressure sensors and displacement sensors are arranged around the lining layer, and the pressure sensors and the displacement sensors are connected with a PC end control system through signals or wires.
In the utility model, as an improvement, the water injection mechanism comprises a plurality of water injection hoses, a water pump, valves and a water tank, wherein the hoses are respectively connected with the steel pipes, each hose is controlled by one valve, the water pump, the water tank and the steel pipes are connected into one water injection pipeline by the hoses, the valves are electric control valves, and electric control signals of the valves are connected to a PC end control system.
In the utility model, as an improvement, the bottom of the reaction frame is provided with a mounting base, and a plurality of actuators are arranged around the simulation mechanism.
In the utility model, as an improvement, the steel plate of the ring box is a thin steel plate with the thickness of less than 4mm, so that the side wall of the ring box has integral deformability, and the joint of the steel plates is sealed by an adhesive tape, so that the inner cavity of the ring box forms a watertight chamber.
In the utility model, as an improvement, the outer diameter and the aperture of the steel pipe are matched and are smaller than 4mm, a plurality of tiny cracks are arranged in the expansion surrounding rock simulation layer, and the ends of the cracks are gathered on the side wall of the simulation layer and are communicated with the inner end of the steel pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The simulation layer of the expandable surrounding rock is added in the lining stress simulation test device and is used for researching the stress and deformation characteristics of the lining structure of the expanded rock tunnel, the whole test device fully simulates the expansion process of the expanded rock in water and the influence caused by the stress and displacement of the lining of the tunnel during expansion, and the stress state and deformation characteristics of the tunnel structure after the water absorption expansion of the surrounding rock under the ground stress condition can be truly simulated.
(2) The application well realizes the application and accurate control of the expansion force borne by the tunnel lining structure through various refined control systems, simultaneously accurately obtains the additional internal force and deformation generated by the expansion force of the tunnel lining structure of the expanded rock, and provides verification for numerical simulation and theoretical calculation results when the tunnel structure penetrates through the expansion surrounding rock and is well reduced and simulated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the several figures. In the drawings, elements or portions thereof are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model;
in the figure: 1. lining layer 2, ring box, 3, expansion surrounding rock simulation layer, 4, steel pipe, 6, actuator, 7, reaction frame, 8, installation base, 10, water injection hose, 11, valve, 12, water pump, 13, pressure sensor, 14, optical fiber sensor, 15, PC end control system, 16, basin, 201, front side baffle, 202, interior annular plate, 203, outer annular plate.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the technical scheme of the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present utility model, and thus are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model.
The utility model provides an expandable rock tunnel lining structure atress and deformation test device, is shown as fig. 1, includes loading mechanism, tunnel simulation mechanism and detecting system, loading mechanism sets up in the tunnel simulation mechanism outside, including actuator 6 and reaction frame 7, reaction frame 7 is made by high strength steel plate, and base 8 is installed to reaction frame 7 bottom, base 8 is used for being fixed in ground or other mounting plane with reaction frame 7, and the actuator 6 outer end is installed in reaction frame 7 inboard, provides the counter force by reaction frame 7, the application of force end orientation inside tunnel simulation mechanism of actuator 6 is for the atress condition of the tunnel structure in the simulation actual engineering, the actuator evenly encircles tunnel simulation mechanism setting.
The tunnel simulation mechanism comprises a lining layer 1 and a surrounding rock simulation part, wherein the lining layer 1 is prepared by mixing gypsum and water, physical mechanical parameters such as elastic modulus, poisson ratio, uniaxial compressive strength and uniaxial tensile strength of the lining layer 1 simulate actual engineering demands, and the lining layer 1 is in a surrounding horseshoe shape.
The surrounding rock simulation part comprises a steel ring box 2 and an expansion surrounding rock simulation layer 3 filled in the steel ring box 2, wherein a steel plate of the ring box 2 is a thin steel plate with the thickness smaller than 4mm, so that the side wall of the ring box 2 has integral deformability, the inner ring surface size of the ring box 2 is matched with the outer ring surface size of the lining layer 1, the lining layer 1 is tightly attached to the inner side of the ring box 2, the ring box 2 comprises a front side baffle plate and a rear side baffle plate and two ring plates, the rear side baffle plate is welded between the inner ring plate 202 and the outer ring plate 203, water leakage prevention treatment is carried out at a joint through a sealing rubber strip, the front side baffle plate 201 is a detachable part and is bolted to the side parts of the two ring plates through bolts, and the front side baffle plate 201 is sealed on the front side of the ring plate after the expansion surrounding rock simulation layer 3 is filled, and waterproof treatment is carried out through a sealing strip.
The front side baffle 203 is provided with a plurality of equidistant holes in a surrounding manner, the diameter of each hole is smaller than or equal to 4mm, a steel pipe 4 is inserted into each hole, the inner end of each steel pipe 4 is fixed in each hole, the outer end of each steel pipe extends outwards and is connected with the water injection mechanism, the expansion surrounding rock simulation layer 3 is provided with tiny cracks, the ends of the cracks are gathered on the side wall of the expansion surrounding rock simulation layer 3 at the joint of the steel pipes 4, and the cracks can be formed in a knocking manner and simulate the cracks in actual tunnel surrounding rock.
The expansion surrounding rock simulation layer 3 is prepared from similar materials in a laboratory according to parameters of expansion tunnel surrounding rock at a construction site, and physical and mechanical parameters such as the weight, the elastic modulus, the poisson ratio, the cohesive force, the friction angle and the like of the materials meet the requirement of the similar ratio.
The water injection mechanism comprises a water injection hose 10, a water pump 12, a valve 11 and a water tank 16, wherein the water injection hose 10 is used for communicating the water pump 12 with the water tank 16 to form a water injection channel, a plurality of water injection channels are arranged in the water injection channel, the channels are respectively connected with a plurality of steel pipes 4, and each water injection hose 10 is controlled by one valve 11.
The detection system comprises a sheet-type pressure sensor 13 and an optical fiber displacement sensor 14, wherein the pressure sensor 13 is arranged between the lining layer 1 and the annular box 2, a plurality of sensors are distributed in an annular mode and used for monitoring expansion force born by the lining layer of a tunnel, the optical fiber sensor 14 is arranged on the inner side of the lining layer 1 and is also distributed in an annular mode and used for monitoring deformation of the lining layer 1, and the pressure sensor 13 and the displacement sensor 14 are connected with a PC end control system 15 through signals or wires and used for monitoring and recording data of each sensor in real time.
The specific installation and test steps of the test device are as follows:
(1) Mixing gypsum and water, manufacturing a lining layer model in a metal mold, fully vibrating the lining layer model in the pouring process, removing the mold after 1 day, and maintaining for 28 days to reach the design strength;
(2) Sticking a sheet-type pressure sensor 13 on the outer surface of the lining layer;
(3) Placing a lining layer model on the inner side of the annular box, and tightly attaching the lining layer to the inner annular surface of the annular box;
(4) Manufacturing an expansion surrounding rock simulation layer according to physical and mechanical parameters of tunnel lining surrounding rock in actual engineering, filling the expansion surrounding rock simulation layer into the ring box, and sealing a steel plate at the front side of the ring box;
(5) An optical fiber displacement sensor is arranged on the inner side of the lining layer 1;
(6) Applying pressure to the outer side of the ring box by an actuator to complete simulation of initial ground stress balance;
(7) Opening a valve, and injecting water into the expandable surrounding rock simulation layer in the annular box through the water injection channel and the steel pipe 4;
(8) The data of the pressure sensor 13 and the optical fiber displacement sensor 14 are monitored and recorded in real time, and the output pressure of the actuator is adjusted to compensate the expansion force of the local position.
Example 1
Laying a lining layer with the height of 1.3 m, the span of 1.5 m and the radial thickness of 0.4 m, wherein the radial thickness of the annular box 2 is 0.4 m with that of the lining layer 1, the annular thickness of the annular box 2 is 0.4 m, the inner annular dimension of the annular box 2 is the same as the outer peripheral dimension of the lining layer 1, the rear baffle 202 of the annular box 2 is welded between two annular plates 201, 8 holes with the diameter of 40mm are formed in the annular direction on the front baffle 203 as shown in fig. 1, and steel pipes with the welded length of 4cm are welded in the holes to serve as water injection channels.
The actuators 6 in the loading mechanism are arranged 20 around the ring box, 50 kilonewtons of force can be applied to each actuator 6 at maximum, independent control can be realized, the steel reaction frame 7 and the steel base 8 are welded together, and the steel base 8 is fixed on the ground through 7 high-strength bolts 9.
As shown in fig. 2, in the measuring system, 8 pressure sensors 13 are circumferentially arranged for monitoring the expansion force suffered by the lining layer 1, the measuring precision is 1N, an optical fiber displacement sensor 14 is circumferentially arranged at the inner side of the lining layer 1 for monitoring the deformation of the lining layer 1, the measuring precision is 0.1mm, and a pc end control system 15 is connected with the pressure sensors 13 and the optical fiber displacement sensors 14 through wires for monitoring and recording the data of each sensor in real time.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and not for limiting the same; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the utility model, and are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims and description.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an expandable rock tunnel lining structure atress and deformation test device, includes loading mechanism, tunnel simulation mechanism and detecting system, loading mechanism includes actuator and reaction frame, the actuator is installed in the reaction frame, and will the application of force end towards inboard tunnel simulation mechanism of actuator, its characterized in that: the tunnel simulation mechanism comprises a lining layer and a surrounding rock simulation part, the surrounding rock simulation part comprises a steel ring box and an expansion surrounding rock simulation layer filled in the steel ring box, a front baffle of the ring box is a detachable part, a plurality of equidistant holes are formed in the front baffle along the circumferential direction, steel pipes are inserted into the holes, the outer ends of the steel pipes are connected with the water injection mechanism, and the lining layer is arranged on the inner side of the surrounding rock simulation part in a surrounding mode.
2. The expandable rock tunnel lining structure stress and deformation test device according to claim 1, wherein: the lining layer is surrounded in a horseshoe shape, the surrounding rock simulation part and the lining layer are concentric, have the same shape but have different diameters, and the lining layer is attached to the inner side of the surrounding rock simulation part.
3. The expandable rock tunnel lining structure stress and deformation test device according to claim 1, wherein: the detection system comprises a sheet-type pressure sensor arranged between the surrounding rock simulation part and the lining layer and an optical fiber displacement sensor arranged on the inner side of the lining layer, wherein the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor are all arranged in a plurality in a surrounding mode, and the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor are connected with the PC end control system through signals or wires.
4. The expandable rock tunnel lining structure stress and deformation test device according to claim 1, wherein: the water injection mechanism comprises a plurality of water injection hoses, a water pump, valves and a water tank, wherein the hoses are respectively connected with the steel pipes, each hose is controlled by one valve, the water pump, the water tank and the steel pipes are connected into a water injection pipeline by the hoses, the valves are electric control valves, and electric control signals of the valves are connected to a PC end control system.
5. The expandable rock tunnel lining structure stress and deformation test device according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the reaction frame is provided with a mounting base, and a plurality of actuators are arranged around the simulation mechanism.
6. The expandable rock tunnel lining structure stress and deformation test device according to claim 1, wherein: the steel plate of the ring box is a thin steel plate with the thickness smaller than 4mm, so that the side wall of the ring box has integral deformability, the joint of the steel plates is sealed through an adhesive tape, and a watertight chamber is formed in the inner cavity of the ring box.
7. The expandable rock tunnel lining structure stress and deformation test device according to claim 1, wherein: the outer diameter of the steel pipe is matched with the aperture, the outer diameter of the steel pipe is smaller than or equal to 4mm, a plurality of fine cracks are formed in the expansion surrounding rock simulation layer, and the ends of the cracks are gathered on the side wall of the simulation layer and are communicated with the inner end of the steel pipe.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202320694937.8U CN218937991U (en) | 2023-04-03 | 2023-04-03 | Stress and deformation test device for lining structure of expanded rock tunnel |
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| CN202320694937.8U CN218937991U (en) | 2023-04-03 | 2023-04-03 | Stress and deformation test device for lining structure of expanded rock tunnel |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116298211A (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-06-23 | 西南石油大学 | Test device and method for simulating excavation erosion of water-bearing stratum in near tunnel |
| CN116990144A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-03 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Test method and system for mechanical response of local water softening surrounding rock tunnel lining |
-
2023
- 2023-04-03 CN CN202320694937.8U patent/CN218937991U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116298211A (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-06-23 | 西南石油大学 | Test device and method for simulating excavation erosion of water-bearing stratum in near tunnel |
| CN116298211B (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-08-11 | 西南石油大学 | Test device and method for simulating excavation erosion of water-bearing stratum in near tunnel |
| CN116990144A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-03 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Test method and system for mechanical response of local water softening surrounding rock tunnel lining |
| CN116990144B (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-12-15 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Test method and system for mechanical response of local water softening surrounding rock tunnel lining |
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