CN218633332U - Over-discharge protection circuit and laser instrument - Google Patents
Over-discharge protection circuit and laser instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN218633332U CN218633332U CN202222357197.7U CN202222357197U CN218633332U CN 218633332 U CN218633332 U CN 218633332U CN 202222357197 U CN202222357197 U CN 202222357197U CN 218633332 U CN218633332 U CN 218633332U
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Abstract
The application discloses overdischarge protection circuit includes: the power supply VIN, a first capacitor, a first triode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube, a voltage stabilizing unit and a control unit; one end of the first resistor is respectively connected with the source electrode of the first MOS tube and the power supply VIN, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, and the drain electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the circuit; one end of the second resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, the other end of the second resistor is connected with the collector electrode of the first triode, the emitting electrode of the first triode is grounded, the base electrode of the first triode is connected with the control unit, and the control unit controls the conduction or the disconnection of the first MOS tube; one end of the first capacitor is connected with a power supply VIN through a switch, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the control unit; the voltage stabilizing unit is connected with one end of the first capacitor. The position of a first capacitor arranged in the over-discharge protection circuit and the voltage value stabilized by the voltage stabilizing unit charge the first capacitor, so that the MOS transistor device is protected from being damaged.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of protection circuits, in particular to an overdischarge protection circuit and a laser instrument.
Background
When the laser product is turned on or off by using the locking switch, the laser product is in a hard-on mode, namely a self-locking switch or microswitch starting mode. When the laser product is used, as long as the battery voltage is lower than the shutdown voltage set by the instrument, the electric equipment stops working. In general, the user forgets to turn off the locking switch in such a situation, and a certain amount of power consumption still exists in the circuit. Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a laser product in the prior art. Referring to fig. 1, under the condition that a switch is closed, a power supply provides a voltage VOUT to a power consumption circuit through an MOS transistor Q1, when the power consumption circuit voltage VOUT is lower than a set shutdown voltage, the prior art can only shut down a power consumption device, a current still flows to the power consumption circuit through the MOS transistor Q1, the power consumption circuit still has a certain amount of power consumption, a quiescent current above milliampere level still exists in the circuit until the battery power is fully discharged, the battery power continues to be discharged after being reduced to a certain degree, permanent damage can be caused to the battery due to over-discharge, the service life of the battery is reduced, and therefore how to perform over-discharge protection on the power supply becomes a problem to be solved urgently afterwards.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an over-discharge protection circuit in the prior art. Referring to fig. 2, when the switch is closed, the power supply end VIN starts to supply power, the first MOS transistor Q1 is turned on, the first capacitor C1 is charged through R3, the second MOS transistor Q2 is turned on by utilizing the initial charging characteristic of the first capacitor C1, the voltage VOUT is provided for the power utilization circuit, and the MCU is triggered to operate, before the first capacitor C1 is charged, the MCU enables the HOLD end to output a high level, so that the second MOS transistor Q2 is maintained to be turned on; when the battery is seriously insufficient, namely the voltage or the current of the electric circuit is smaller than the preset reference voltage or the preset reference current, the MCU controls the HOLD end to output a low level, the first capacitor C1 is fully charged and is equivalent to an open circuit, so that the second MOS tube Q2 is cut off, the electric circuit connected with the second MOS tube Q2 is completely powered off, the main quiescent current at the moment is that the power supply end VIN passes through the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the diode and the closed switch to GND to still form a loop, and the appropriate resistance value is selected to control the quiescent current to be microampere level only. Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of a charging/discharging curve of the first capacitor C1 at the instant of turning on/off in the over-discharge protection circuit of fig. 2 in the prior art. Referring to fig. 3, a negative voltage is generated in the charging process of the first capacitor C1, the maximum withstand voltage Vgs between the gate and the source of the MOS transistor is ± 25V, and when a battery with a voltage of 30V or more is used, the voltage difference between Vgs is greater than the specification parameters of the MOS transistor in the charging process of the first capacitor C1, so that a large instant impact is generated on the MOS transistor in a laser product, and the MOS transistor is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an overdischarge protection circuit and a laser instrument, and aims to solve the problem that when a battery with the voltage of more than 30V is used, a capacitor generates large instant impact on an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube in a laser product.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application provides an over-discharge protection circuit, including: the power supply VIN, a first capacitor, a first triode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube, a voltage stabilizing unit and a control unit;
one end of the first resistor is connected with the source electrode of the first MOS tube and the power supply VIN respectively, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, and the drain electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the circuit;
one end of the second resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, the other end of the second resistor is connected with the collector electrode of the first triode, the emitting electrode of the first triode is grounded, the base electrode of the first triode is connected with the control unit, and the control unit controls the first MOS tube to be switched on or switched off;
one end of the first capacitor is connected with the power supply VIN through a switch, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the control unit;
the voltage stabilizing unit is connected with one end of the first capacitor.
Furthermore, the voltage stabilizing unit comprises a voltage stabilizing tube, a third resistor and a fourth resistor, one end of the voltage stabilizing tube is connected with one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the voltage stabilizing tube is connected with one end of the third resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected with one end of the fourth resistor, and the other end of the fourth resistor is grounded.
Furthermore, the over-discharge protection circuit further comprises a control unit power supply system, wherein the control unit power supply system comprises a power supply VCC, a fifth resistor and a second triode, one end of the fifth resistor is connected with the power supply VCC, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with a collector of the second triode, a base of the second triode is connected with one end of the fourth resistor, and an emitter of the second triode is grounded.
Furthermore, the control unit power supply system further comprises a control unit detection port, and the control unit detection port is connected with the collector of the second triode.
Furthermore, the control unit comprises an MCU, a sixth resistor and a second capacitor, one end of the sixth resistor is connected with the other end of the first capacitor, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected with the MCU, one end of the second capacitor is connected with one end of the sixth resistor, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded.
Further, the control unit further comprises an anti-reverse diode, one end of the anti-reverse diode is connected with one end of the sixth resistor, and the other end of the anti-reverse diode is connected with the other end of the first capacitor.
Furthermore, the over-discharge protection circuit further comprises a third capacitor, wherein one end of the third capacitor is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected with the source electrode of the first MOS tube.
Furthermore, the over-discharge protection circuit further comprises a seventh resistor, one end of the seventh resistor is connected with the other end of the first capacitor, and the other end of the seventh resistor is connected with the control unit.
In another aspect, the present application further provides a laser apparatus including the over-discharge protection circuit described above.
The technical scheme at least comprises the following advantages:
the utility model provides an overdischarge protection circuit, because first electric capacity one end is in the circuit of being connected with power VIN, be connected with voltage stabilizing unit, voltage stabilizing unit clamps power VIN's voltage to steady voltage value after, charge first electric capacity again, and the other end of first electric capacity is connected with the base of first tertiary pipe, do not have with first MOS pipe lug connection, consequently the position of the first electric capacity that sets up among this overdischarge protection circuit and the voltage value after the steady voltage of voltage stabilizing unit charge first electric capacity, the homoenergetic avoids the impact to first MOS pipe, can not produce very big impact in the twinkling of an eye to MOS pipe, the protection MOS pipe device does not receive the damage.
Furthermore, the third capacitor is used for filtering clutter signals at the moment of starting up.
The present application also provides a laser instrument having the same advantageous effects as the above-mentioned over-discharge protection circuit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the detailed description of the present application or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a prior art laser product;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an over-discharge protection circuit in the prior art;
fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of a charging/discharging curve of the first capacitor C1 at the instant of opening/closing in the over-discharge protection circuit of fig. 2 in the prior art;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an over-discharge protection circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; the connection can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; the two elements may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be communicated with each other inside the two elements, or may be wirelessly connected or wired connected. The specific meaning of the above terms in this application will be understood to be a specific case for those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical features mentioned in the different embodiments of the present application described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an over-discharge protection circuit according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 4, the present application provides an over-discharge protection circuit including: the power supply VIN, a first capacitor C1, a first triode Q1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube P1, a voltage stabilizing unit and a control unit;
one end of the first resistor R1 is respectively connected with the source electrode of the first MOS transistor P1 and the power supply VIN, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS transistor P1, and the drain electrode of the first MOS transistor P1 is connected with the circuit;
one end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube P1, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the collector electrode of the first triode Q1, the emitting electrode of the first triode Q1 is grounded, the base electrode of the first triode Q1 is connected with the control unit, and the control unit controls the conduction or the disconnection of the first MOS tube P1;
one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the power supply VIN through a switch, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the control unit;
the voltage stabilizing unit is connected with one end of the first capacitor C1.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the over-discharge protection circuit further includes a voltage stabilizing unit, the voltage stabilizing unit includes a voltage regulator D1, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4, one end of the voltage regulator D1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, the other end of the voltage regulator D1 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded. The voltage regulator tube D1 clamps the voltage of the power source VIN to the voltage regulation value of the voltage regulator tube D1, and the first capacitor C1 is charged after the voltage is regulated by the voltage regulator tube D1.
The over-discharge protection circuit further comprises a control unit power supply system, the control unit power supply system comprises a power supply VCC, a fifth resistor R5 and a second triode Q2, one end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with the power supply VCC, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with a collector of the second triode Q2, a base of the second triode Q2 is connected with one end of a fourth resistor R4, and an emitter of the second triode Q2 is grounded; the power source VCC supplies power to the control unit and the power utilization circuit. In addition, the control unit power supply system further includes a control unit detection port LOCK INPUT, the control unit detection port LOCK INPUT is connected with the collector of the second triode Q2, and the control unit detection port LOCK INPUT detects the control unit.
The control unit comprises an MCU, a sixth resistor R6 and a second capacitor C2, one end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the other end of the first capacitor C1, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the MCU, one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with one end of the sixth resistor R6, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded. In the embodiment of the present invention, the HOLD terminal at the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the MCU, and before the charging of the first capacitor C1 is completed, the MCU is powered on to enable the HOLD terminal to output a high level, so as to maintain the conduction of the first MOS transistor P1.
The control unit further comprises an anti-reverse diode D2, one end of the anti-reverse diode D2 is connected with one end of the sixth resistor R6, and the other end of the anti-reverse diode D2 is connected with the other end of the first capacitor C1. The anti-reverse diode is used for preventing the power current at the VIN end of the power supply from flowing back to the HOLD end. The over-discharge protection circuit further comprises a seventh resistor R7, one end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the other end of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the control unit, that is, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the other end of the anti-reverse diode D2.
The over-discharge protection circuit further comprises a third capacitor C3, wherein one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor P1, and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the source of the first MOS transistor P1. The third capacitor C3 is used for filtering out clutter signals at the moment of booting.
When the over-discharge protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention works, the switch is closed, the voltage of a power supply VIN is clamped to a voltage stabilizing value of the voltage stabilizing tube D1 by the voltage stabilizing tube D1, the first triode Q1 is enabled to be conducted by charging the first capacitor C1 after the voltage of the voltage stabilizing tube D1 is stabilized, the first MOS tube P1 is enabled to be conducted after the first triode Q1 is conducted, the electric circuit VOUT end and the MCU are used for working after the first MOS tube P1 is conducted, and before the first capacitor C1 is charged, the MCU is powered on to work to enable the HOLD end to output a high level and maintain the conduction of the first MOS tube P1; the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected to two ends of a grid electrode and a source electrode of the first MOS transistor P1 after voltage division, and voltage between the grid electrode and the source electrode is ensured to meet specification requirements of the first MOS transistor P1.
When a battery in the over-discharge protection circuit seriously loses a point, the MCU can enable the HOLD end to output a low level, the first MOS tube P1 is closed, at the moment, main static current is that a power supply VIN flows to a ground end GND through a voltage stabilizing tube D1, a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4, at the moment, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 select proper resistance values to control the static current to be in microampere level and be very low, because one end of the first capacitor is connected with the voltage stabilizing unit in a circuit connected with the power supply VIN, the voltage stabilizing unit clamps the voltage of the power supply VIN to a voltage stabilizing value and then charges the first capacitor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with a base electrode of the first triode and is not directly connected with the first MOS tube, therefore, the position of the first capacitor arranged in the over-discharge protection circuit and the voltage value stabilized by the voltage stabilizing unit charge the first capacitor, the impact on the first MOS tube can be avoided, the MOS tube cannot be subjected to large instant impact, and the MOS tube cannot be damaged.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application further provides a laser apparatus including the above over-discharge protection circuit
For the introduction of the laser instrument provided by the present invention, please refer to the above embodiments, and the present invention is not repeated herein.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An over-discharge protection circuit, comprising: the power supply VIN, a first capacitor, a first triode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube, a voltage stabilizing unit and a control unit;
one end of the first resistor is respectively connected with the source electrode of the first MOS tube and the power supply VIN, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, and the drain electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the circuit;
one end of the second resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, the other end of the second resistor is connected with the collector electrode of the first triode, the emitting electrode of the first triode is grounded, the base electrode of the first triode is connected with the control unit, and the control unit controls the first MOS tube to be switched on or switched off;
one end of the first capacitor is connected with the power supply VIN through a switch, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the control unit;
the voltage stabilizing unit is connected with one end of the first capacitor.
2. The over-discharge protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the voltage regulator unit includes a voltage regulator tube, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor, one end of the voltage regulator tube is connected to one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the voltage regulator tube is connected to one end of the third resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and the other end of the fourth resistor is grounded.
3. The overdischarge protection circuit according to claim 2, further comprising a control unit power supply system, wherein the control unit power supply system comprises a power source VCC, a fifth resistor, and a second transistor, one end of the fifth resistor is connected to the power source VCC, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to a collector of the second transistor, a base of the second transistor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and an emitter of the second transistor is grounded.
4. An overdischarge protection circuit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the control unit power supply system further comprises the control unit detection port connected to the collector of the second transistor.
5. Overdischarge protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises an MCU, a sixth resistor, and a second capacitor, one end of the sixth resistor is connected to the other end of the first capacitor, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the MCU, one end of the second capacitor is connected to one end of the sixth resistor, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded.
6. The overdischarge protection circuit according to claim 5, wherein the control unit further includes an anti-reverse diode having one end connected to one end of the sixth resistor and the other end connected to the other end of the first capacitor.
7. The overdischarge protection circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a third capacitor, wherein one end of the third capacitor is connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected to the source of the first MOS transistor.
8. The overdischarge protection circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a seventh resistor, one end of which is connected to the other end of the first capacitor, and the other end of which is connected to the control unit.
9. A laser instrument comprising an overdischarge protection circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222357197.7U CN218633332U (en) | 2022-09-02 | 2022-09-02 | Over-discharge protection circuit and laser instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222357197.7U CN218633332U (en) | 2022-09-02 | 2022-09-02 | Over-discharge protection circuit and laser instrument |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN218633332U true CN218633332U (en) | 2023-03-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222357197.7U Active CN218633332U (en) | 2022-09-02 | 2022-09-02 | Over-discharge protection circuit and laser instrument |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN218633332U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-09-02 CN CN202222357197.7U patent/CN218633332U/en active Active
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