CN218526113U - Emergency power supply output control circuit and charging device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an emergency power supply output control circuit and a charging device, wherein the emergency power supply output control circuit comprises a controller, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a voltage management unit and a communication interface for communicating with a device to be charged; the first pin of the controller is in communication connection with the device to be charged through a communication interface; the second pin of the controller is electrically connected with the first pin of the first switch unit, and the high and low levels are output through the second pin of the controller to control the conduction of the first switch unit; the second pin of the first switch unit is grounded; the third pin of the first switch unit is electrically connected with the first pin of the second switch unit; the third pin of the second switch unit is electrically connected with the output end of the battery; the second pin of the second switch unit is electrically connected with the input end of the voltage management unit; the output end of the voltage management unit is used for being externally connected with a power supply end of a device to be charged.

Description

Emergency power supply output control circuit and charging device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a power supply circuit technical field, more specifically relates to an emergent power supply output control circuit and charging device.

Background

The lithium battery is a secondary battery which takes a lithium-containing compound as a positive electrode and realizes charge and discharge through the back-and-forth separation and embedding of lithium ions between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery in the charge and discharge process. The lithium ion battery is mainly composed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte and a diaphragm. At present, the lithium battery is widely applied, but the following defects exist:

1. aging: unlike other rechargeable batteries, the capacity of lithium ion batteries slowly degrades, depending on the number of uses and also on the temperature. This degradation phenomenon can be expressed in terms of a decrease in capacity or an increase in internal resistance. Because of the temperature dependence, electronic products with high working current are easier to embody;

2. intolerance of overcharge and overdischarge: when overcharged, the excessively inserted lithium ions are permanently fixed in the crystal lattice and cannot be released any more, which may result in a short battery life. When overdischarged, the electrode deintercalates too many lithium ions, which may cause lattice collapse, thereby shortening the lifetime. Therefore, most lithium battery applications need to be prevented from being overcharged and overdischarged.

The common lithium batteries on the market at present mainly have 2 application modes:

1. the lithium batteries integrated with the battery protection board are different in shape and influenced by the structure size, most of the lithium batteries can only be used for products with specific structures, but when the capacity of the lithium batteries is aged, a user cannot easily find out the replacement of the batteries, and the replacement method is complex, so that the service lives of most of the products are limited by the service lives of the lithium batteries;

2. lithium batteries without integrated battery protection boards, such as common 14500 lithium batteries, 18650 lithium batteries, etc., which have fixed specification and size, are relatively easily purchased and disassembled on the market, but most of the lithium batteries lack overcharge and overdischarge protection, so that the service life of the batteries is shortened and even damaged easily due to overcharge and overdischarge, and meanwhile, for the detachable batteries, the anode and the cathode of the batteries are reversely connected due to misoperation or the contacts of the batteries are in contact with the outside to generate static electricity, which easily damages an internal circuit.

The general integrated protection circuit in current lithium cell can effectively protect the battery, but does not add physical switch for the battery to some application, also leads to the battery to accomplish from the production packing and just last power consumptive, leads to the user when just buying the use, and the battery power has more loss or even directly can not open the machine, simultaneously because can not dismantle with difficult the change, the life-span of most lithium cell equipment also is by the restriction of battery life-span, and the battery is in the use, and the capacity also constantly reduces, and user experience sense constantly weakens. In the prior art, the lithium battery cannot be charged timely and effectively after the electric quantity of the battery is consumed.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses a solve the problem of the not enough and defect that exists among the above prior art, provide an emergent power supply output control circuit and charging device.

In order to realize the above, the utility model discloses the purpose, the technical scheme of adoption as follows:

an emergency power supply output control circuit comprises a controller, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a voltage management unit and a communication interface, wherein the second switch unit is used for controlling whether a power supply is output or not, the voltage management unit is used for converting power supply voltage into power supply voltage required by a device to be charged, and the communication interface is used for communicating with the device to be charged;

the first pin of the controller is in communication connection with the device to be charged through a communication interface;

the second pin of the controller is electrically connected with the first pin of the first switch unit, and the high and low levels are output through the second pin of the controller to control the conduction of the first switch unit;

the second pin of the first switch unit is grounded;

the third pin of the first switch unit is electrically connected with the first pin of the second switch unit;

the third pin of the second switch unit is electrically connected with the output end of the battery;

the second pin of the second switch unit is electrically connected with the input end of the voltage management unit;

the output end of the voltage management unit is used for being externally connected with a power supply end of a device to be charged;

the second switch unit outputs high and low levels according to the first switch unit

And the conduction of the second switch unit is controlled through the conduction state of the first switch unit, so that whether the power supply is output or not is controlled.

The utility model discloses a theory of operation as follows: in the initial state, the second switch unit is in a cut-off state, namely a disconnected state; the controller is communicated with the external device to be charged through the communication interface, the device to be charged sends the electric quantity information of the controller to the controller, the controller outputs high and low levels through the second pin according to the electric quantity of the device to be charged, and then controls the conduction of the first switch unit, and the conduction of the second switch unit is controlled through the conduction of the first switch unit, so that the output power source is controlled to charge the device to be charged.

Preferably, the first switching unit includes a first current limiting resistor and a first triode;

one end of the first current limiting resistor is electrically connected with the second pin of the controller;

the other end of the first current-limiting resistor is electrically connected with the base of the first triode;

the emitter of the first triode is grounded;

and the collector electrode of the first triode is electrically connected with the first pin of the second switch unit.

Furthermore, the second switch unit comprises a first capacitor, a second current-limiting resistor and a PMOS tube;

the drain electrode of the PMOS tube is electrically connected with one end of the first capacitor, one end of the second current-limiting resistor and the output end of the battery respectively;

the grid electrode of the PMOS tube is electrically connected with the other end of the first capacitor, the other end of the second current-limiting resistor and the collector electrode of the first triode respectively;

and the source electrode of the PMOS tube is electrically connected with the input end of the voltage management unit.

Still further, the second switch unit further comprises a second capacitor;

one end of the second capacitor is electrically connected with the source electrode of the PMOS tube and the input end of the voltage management unit respectively;

the other end of the second capacitor is grounded.

Preferably, the voltage management unit includes a DCDC power chip, a first voltage-dividing resistor, a second voltage-dividing resistor, a diode, and an inductor;

the VIN pin and the EN pin of the DCDC power supply chip are both electrically connected with the second pin of the second switch unit;

one end of the inductor is electrically connected with a VIN pin and an EN pin of the DCDC power supply chip and a second pin of the second switch unit respectively;

the other end of the inductor is electrically connected with the SW pin of the DCDC power supply chip and the anode of the diode respectively;

the cathode of the diode is electrically connected with one end of the first divider resistor respectively and is externally connected with a power supply of the device to be charged;

the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor is electrically connected with one end of the second voltage-dividing resistor and an FB pin of the DCDC power supply chip respectively;

the other end of the second voltage-dividing resistor is grounded.

Furthermore, the voltage management unit further comprises a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor;

one end of the third capacitor and one end of the fourth capacitor are both electrically connected with the second pin of the second switch unit;

the other end of the third capacitor and the other end of the fourth capacitor are both grounded.

Still further, the voltage management unit further includes a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, and a seventh capacitor;

one end of the fifth capacitor and one end of the sixth capacitor after being connected in parallel are respectively electrically connected with the first divider resistor and the cathode of the diode;

the other end of the fifth capacitor and the sixth capacitor which are connected in parallel is grounded;

one end of the seventh capacitor is electrically connected with one end of the first divider resistor, the cathode of the diode, the fifth capacitor and the sixth capacitor which are connected in parallel respectively;

the other end of the seventh capacitor is connected between the first voltage-dividing resistor and the second voltage-dividing resistor.

Preferably, the communication interface is a 485 communication interface.

Furthermore, the model of the DCDC power supply chip is MT3608.

A charging device comprises the emergency power supply output control circuit, a battery and a battery protection circuit;

the anode and the cathode of the battery are respectively electrically connected with the input end of the battery protection circuit;

the output end of the battery protection circuit is used as the output end of the battery and is electrically connected with the third pin of the second switch unit;

and the output end of the voltage management unit is used as a power output end and is externally connected with a power supply end of a device to be charged.

The utility model has the advantages as follows:

the controller pass through the external charging device communication of treating of communication interface, treat that charging device sends the electric quantity information of self for the controller, according to the height of the electric quantity of treating charging device, the controller pass through second pin output height level, and then control first switch element switch on, through switching on of first switch element and then control switching on of second switch element, realize that control output power treats charging device and charges. When the electric quantity of the device to be charged is lower, the device to be charged can be automatically charged in time.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the emergency power supply output control circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram of the controller, the first switch unit, and the second switch unit according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a detailed circuit diagram of the voltage management unit of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a detailed circuit diagram of the voltage management unit of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, an emergency power supply output control circuit includes a controller, a first switch unit, a second switch unit for controlling whether to output power, a voltage management unit for converting a power voltage into a power voltage required by a device to be charged, and a communication interface for communicating with the device to be charged;

the first pin of the controller is in communication connection with the device to be charged through a communication interface;

the second pin of the controller is electrically connected with the first pin of the first switch unit, and the high and low levels are output through the second pin of the controller to control the conduction of the first switch unit;

the second pin of the first switch unit is grounded;

the third pin of the first switch unit is electrically connected with the first pin of the second switch unit;

the third pin of the second switch unit is electrically connected with the output end of the battery;

the second pin of the second switch unit is electrically connected with the input end of the voltage management unit;

the output end of the voltage management unit is used for being externally connected with a power supply end of a device to be charged;

the second switch unit outputs high and low levels according to the first switch unit

And the conduction of the second switch unit is controlled through the conduction state of the first switch unit, so that whether the power supply is output or not is controlled.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows: in the initial state, the second switch unit is in a cut-off state, namely a disconnected state; the controller is communicated with the external device to be charged through the communication interface, the device to be charged sends the electric quantity information of the controller to the controller, the controller outputs high and low levels through the second pin according to the electric quantity of the device to be charged, and then controls the conduction of the first switch unit, and the conduction of the second switch unit is controlled through the conduction of the first switch unit, so that the output power source is controlled to charge the device to be charged. The voltage management unit converts the output power voltage into the power voltage required by the device to be charged, thereby ensuring the charging safety and being beneficial to prolonging the service life of the lithium battery in the device to be charged.

Example 2

On the basis of embodiment 1, more specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the first switching unit described in this embodiment includes a first current limiting resistor R1, a first triode Q1;

one end of the first current limiting resistor R1 is electrically connected with the second pin of the controller;

the other end of the first current-limiting resistor R1 is electrically connected with the base of the first triode Q1;

the emitting electrode of the first triode Q1 is grounded;

and the collector electrode of the first triode Q1 is electrically connected with the first pin of the second switch unit.

When the controller receives the electric quantity information of the device to be charged, and when the electric quantity is too low, a fixed high-level signal POWER _ EX can be output through a second pin of the controller, and the first triode Q1 is conducted through the first current-limiting resistor R1.

In a specific embodiment, the second switching unit includes a first capacitor C1, a second current limiting resistor R2, and a PMOS transistor Q3;

the drain electrode of the PMOS tube Q3 is electrically connected with one end of the first capacitor C1, one end of the second current-limiting resistor R2 and the output end of the battery respectively;

the grid electrode of the PMOS tube Q3 is electrically connected with the other end of the first capacitor C1, the other end of the second current-limiting resistor R2 and the collector electrode of the first triode Q1 respectively;

and the source electrode of the PMOS pipe Q3 is electrically connected with the input end of the voltage management unit.

IN the initial state, the battery output terminal BAT IN _ EX outputs a high level to the source electrode of the PMOS transistor Q3 through the second current limiting resistor R2, the PMOS transistor Q3 is cut off, and the power supply is disconnected at this time. When the controller outputs high level to enable the first triode Q1 to be conducted, the PMOS tube Q3 is also conducted, and at the moment, the power supply can normally output.

Still further, the second switch unit further includes a second capacitor C2;

one end of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected with the source electrode of the PMOS tube Q3 and the input end of the voltage management unit respectively;

the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded.

And the second capacitor C2 is used for isolating the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the output of the PMOS tube Q3 after the conduction.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the voltage management unit includes a DCDC power chip U1, a first voltage-dividing resistor R3, a second voltage-dividing resistor R4, a diode D1, and an inductor L1;

the VIN pin and the EN pin of the DCDC power supply chip U1 are both electrically connected with the second pin of the second switch unit; in this embodiment, the VIN pin and the EN pin of the DCDC power chip U1 are both electrically connected to the source of the PMOS transistor Q3 serving as the second pin of the second switch unit;

one end of the inductor L1 is electrically connected with the VIN pin and the EN pin of the DCDC power supply chip U1 and the second pin of the second switch unit respectively;

the other end of the inductor L1 is electrically connected with a SW pin of the DCDC power supply chip U1 and an anode of the diode D1 respectively;

the cathode of the diode D1 is electrically connected with one end of the first divider resistor R3 respectively and is externally connected with a power supply of a device to be charged;

the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor R3 is electrically connected with one end of the second voltage-dividing resistor R4 and an FB pin of the DCDC power supply chip U1 respectively;

the other end of the second voltage-dividing resistor R4 is grounded.

In this embodiment, the DCDC power chip U1 is a DCDC power chip U1 of a model MT3608, the inductor L1 is a high-power inductor L1, and the diode D1 is a schottky diode D1.

The power output by the source electrode of the PMOS tube Q3 is converted into the power V _ EX output required by the device to be charged by adjusting the resistance values of the first voltage-dividing resistor R3 and the second voltage-dividing resistor R4 through the DCDC power chip U1.

In a specific embodiment, the voltage management unit further includes a third capacitor C3 and a fourth capacitor C4;

one end of the third capacitor C3 and one end of the fourth capacitor C4 are both electrically connected to the second pin of the second switch unit; in this embodiment, one end of the third capacitor C3 and one end of the fourth capacitor C4 are both electrically connected to the source of the PMOS transistor Q3 serving as the second pin of the second switch unit;

the other end of the third capacitor C3 and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 are both grounded.

The third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 have a filtering function.

In a specific embodiment, the voltage management unit further includes a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6, and a seventh capacitor C6;

one end of the fifth capacitor C5 connected in parallel with the sixth capacitor C6 is electrically connected to the first voltage dividing resistor R3 and the cathode of the diode D1 respectively;

the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 and the sixth capacitor C6 which are connected in parallel is grounded;

one end of the seventh capacitor C6 is electrically connected to one end of the first voltage divider resistor R3, the cathode of the diode D1, the fifth capacitor C5, and the sixth capacitor C6, respectively, which are connected in parallel;

the other end of the seventh capacitor C6 is connected between the first voltage dividing resistor R3 and the second voltage dividing resistor R4.

In a specific embodiment, the communication interface is a 485 communication interface. The controller can be a 51 single chip microcomputer or an STM single chip microcomputer can be gated.

Example 3

A charging device comprises the emergency power supply output control circuit, a battery and a battery protection circuit;

the emergency power supply output control circuit comprises a controller, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a voltage management unit and a communication interface, wherein the second switch unit is used for controlling whether a power supply is output or not, the voltage management unit is used for converting power supply voltage into power supply voltage required by a device to be charged, and the communication interface is used for communicating with the device to be charged;

a first pin of the controller is in communication connection with a device to be charged through a communication interface;

the second pin of the controller is electrically connected with the first pin of the first switch unit, and the high and low levels are output through the second pin of the controller to control the conduction of the first switch unit;

the second pin of the first switch unit is grounded;

the third pin of the first switch unit is electrically connected with the first pin of the second switch unit;

the third pin of the second switch unit is electrically connected with the output end of the battery;

the second pin of the second switch unit is electrically connected with the input end of the voltage management unit;

the output end of the voltage management unit is used for being externally connected with a power supply end of a device to be charged;

the second switch unit outputs high and low levels according to the first switch unit

And controlling the conduction of the second switch unit through the conduction state of the first switch unit so as to control whether the power supply is output or not.

The anode and the cathode of the battery are respectively electrically connected with the input end of the battery protection circuit;

the output end of the battery protection circuit is used as the output end of the battery and is electrically connected with the third pin of the second switch unit;

and the output end of the voltage management unit is used as a power output end and is externally connected with a power supply end of a device to be charged. Meanwhile, the device to be charged is electrically connected with the first pin of the controller through the communication interface.

The battery is a rechargeable lithium battery, the battery protection circuit can adopt a conventional circuit design and mainly comprises a battery protection chip, such as a 8205 power protection chip or 2120-CB, the power protection chip of a corresponding model can be selected correspondingly according to a single or double lithium battery, corresponding connection is performed according to pin definitions of the selected power protection chip, and detailed description is omitted here.

It is obvious that the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not limitations to the embodiments of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an emergent power supply output control circuit which characterized in that: the charging device comprises a controller, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a voltage management unit and a communication interface, wherein the second switch unit is used for controlling whether to output power supply or not, the voltage management unit is used for converting power supply voltage into power supply voltage required by the device to be charged, and the communication interface is used for communicating with the device to be charged;

the first pin of the controller is in communication connection with the device to be charged through a communication interface;

the second pin of the controller is electrically connected with the first pin of the first switch unit, and the high and low levels are output through the second pin of the controller to control the conduction of the first switch unit;

the second pin of the first switch unit is grounded;

the third pin of the first switch unit is electrically connected with the first pin of the second switch unit;

the third pin of the second switch unit is electrically connected with the output end of the battery;

the second pin of the second switch unit is electrically connected with the input end of the voltage management unit;

the output end of the voltage management unit is used for being externally connected with a power supply end of a device to be charged;

the second switch unit outputs high and low levels according to the first switch unit

And the conduction of the second switch unit is controlled through the conduction state of the first switch unit, so that whether the power supply is output or not is controlled.

2. The emergency power supply output control circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the first switch unit comprises a first current limiting resistor (R1) and a first triode (Q1);

one end of the first current limiting resistor (R1) is electrically connected with the second pin of the controller;

the other end of the first current-limiting resistor (R1) is electrically connected with the base electrode of the first triode (Q1);

the emitting electrode of the first triode (Q1) is grounded;

and the collector electrode of the first triode (Q1) is electrically connected with the first pin of the second switch unit.

3. The emergency power supply output control circuit according to claim 2, wherein: the second switch unit comprises a first capacitor (C1), a second current limiting resistor (R2) and a PMOS (P-channel metal oxide semiconductor) tube (Q3);

the drain electrode of the PMOS tube (Q3) is electrically connected with one end of the first capacitor (C1), one end of the second current-limiting resistor (R2) and the output end of the battery respectively;

the grid electrode of the PMOS tube (Q3) is electrically connected with the other end of the first capacitor (C1), the other end of the second current-limiting resistor (R2) and the collector electrode of the first triode (Q1) respectively;

and the source electrode of the PMOS tube (Q3) is electrically connected with the input end of the voltage management unit.

4. The emergency power supply output control circuit of claim 3, wherein: the second switch unit further comprises a second capacitor (C2);

one end of the second capacitor (C2) is electrically connected with the source electrode of the PMOS tube (Q3) and the input end of the voltage management unit respectively;

the other end of the second capacitor (C2) is grounded.

5. The emergency power supply output control circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the voltage management unit comprises a DCDC power supply chip (U1), a first voltage-dividing resistor (R3), a second voltage-dividing resistor (R4), a diode (D1) and an inductor (L1);

the VIN pin and the EN pin of the DCDC power supply chip (U1) are electrically connected with the second pin of the second switch unit;

one end of the inductor (L1) is electrically connected with a VIN pin and an EN pin of the DCDC power supply chip (U1) and a second pin of the second switch unit respectively;

the other end of the inductor (L1) is electrically connected with a SW pin of the DCDC power supply chip (U1) and an anode of the diode (D1) respectively;

the cathode of the diode (D1) is respectively electrically connected with one end of the first divider resistor (R3) and is externally connected with a power supply of a device to be charged;

the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor (R3) is electrically connected with one end of the second voltage-dividing resistor (R4) and an FB pin of the DCDC power supply chip (U1) respectively;

the other end of the second voltage-dividing resistor (R4) is grounded.

6. The emergency power supply output control circuit of claim 5, wherein: the voltage management unit further comprises a third capacitor (C3) and a fourth capacitor (C4);

one end of the third capacitor (C3) and one end of the fourth capacitor (C4) are electrically connected with the second pin of the second switch unit;

the other end of the third capacitor (C3) and the other end of the fourth capacitor (C4) are both grounded.

7. The emergency power supply output control circuit of claim 5, wherein: the voltage management unit further comprises a fifth capacitor (C5), a sixth capacitor (C6) and a seventh capacitor (C7);

one end of the fifth capacitor (C5) and one end of the sixth capacitor (C6) which are connected in parallel are respectively electrically connected with the first divider resistor (R3) and the cathode of the diode (D1);

the other end of the fifth capacitor (C5) and the sixth capacitor (C6) which are connected in parallel is grounded;

one end of the seventh capacitor (C7) is electrically connected with one end of the first divider resistor (R3), the cathode of the diode (D1), the fifth capacitor (C5) and the sixth capacitor (C6) which are connected in parallel respectively;

the other end of the seventh capacitor (C7) is connected between the first divider resistor (R3) and the second divider resistor (R4).

8. The emergency power supply output control circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the communication interface is a 485 communication interface.

9. The emergency power supply output control circuit of claim 5, wherein: the model of the DCDC power supply chip (U1) is MT3608.

10. A charging device, characterized by: comprising an emergency power supply output control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, a battery protection circuit;

the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery are respectively electrically connected with the input end of the battery protection circuit;

the output end of the battery protection circuit is used as the output end of the battery and is electrically connected with the third pin of the second switch unit;

and the output end of the voltage management unit is used as a power output end and is externally connected with a power supply end of a device to be charged.

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