CN218539695U - Quick PCR nucleic acid detection temperature regulating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rapid PCR nucleic acid detection temperature control device, which comprises a PCR reactor, wherein the PCR reactor is provided with a heated part; the plurality of heat supply assemblies are connected with the heated part through a switcher, and the switcher controls connection or disconnection of the heat supply assemblies and the heated part; wherein the heat supply assemblies have different preset temperatures. The utility model discloses a switch switches the heat supply of different heat supply subassemblies, and the time that the temperature was switched has been left out in whole PCR process, shortens the time of reaction.

Description

Quick PCR nucleic acid detection temperature regulating device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of biological detection, concretely relates to quick PCR nucleic acid detects temperature regulating device.

Background

The microfluidic PCR has the advantages of rapid development in recent years, high integration, small volume, portability and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of early diagnosis of various diseases, virus and bacteria detection, prenatal diagnosis and the like. PCR is a rapid in vitro DNA amplification technology, and by adding specific primers and reagents into a reaction cavity, when the reaction conditions reach the required temperature, the rapid amplification of DNA can be realized.

PCR is a biological reaction for selectively amplifying a trace amount of DNA, and is now an indispensable method in molecular biology and other gene researches. The PCR reaction process comprises three stages of template denaturation, template and primer annealing and primer extension. In the denaturation stage, double-stranded DNA is heated to 95 ℃ for 5s, hydrogen bonds of double-helix structures of the DNA are broken to obtain two single-stranded DNAs; in the annealing stage, the reaction temperature is reduced to 65 ℃, and at the moment, the uncoiled DNA single strand is combined with a primer in a reaction system to form a DNA template-primer compound; and in the extension stage, the reaction temperature is increased to about 72 ℃, and a new strand which is complementarily paired with the single strand of the template DNA is extended from the DNA template-primer complex under the catalysis of polymerase and by following the base complementary pairing principle and the half-retention replication principle. In the three processes, the existing product basically repeats the step 40 for the rest of cycles, so that the DNA detection amount meets the detection requirement. Of course, with the progress of biotechnology, the reaction process of PCR can be simplified by using the related reagents, i.e., the temperature is increased to 95 ℃ and the DNA is denatured for 5s, and then the temperature is decreased to 60 ℃ and the renaturation and elongation of the DNA are maintained for 30s. The above process is cycled for more than 40 times.

The key technology of PCR amplification lies in the realization of the thermal cycling temperature control function. The existing product generally puts a sample and a reaction reagent into a centrifuge tube, then places the centrifuge tube into a red copper block, heats the red copper block through a semiconductor, and transmits heat to the centrifuge tube through the red copper block, thereby realizing temperature conversion. However, this heating method has the following problems: the PCR reaction comprises high-temperature denaturation at 95 ℃ and low-temperature annealing extension at 60 ℃, the temperature switching of the semiconductor needs a period of time, and the temperature rising and falling speed is slow; the semiconductor is generally attached to the bottom end of the red copper block, and the heat of the red copper block is transferred upwards from the bottom during heating, so that the centrifugal tube is heated unevenly, and the PCR amplification efficiency is reduced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and in the abstract of the specification and the title of the application to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract of the specification and the title of the application, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In view of the above-mentioned and/or the speed of rising and falling the temperature that exists is slow among the prior art, and the reaction chamber is heated uneven problem, has proposed the utility model discloses.

One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a rapid temperature control device for PCR nucleic acid detection, which provides a flow-type PCR amplification method with high efficiency, stability and small volume.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: a temperature control device for rapid PCR nucleic acid detection comprises,

a PCR reactor having a heated portion; and the number of the first and second groups,

the heat supply components are connected with the heated part through a switcher, and the switcher controls connection or disconnection between the heat supply components and the heated part;

wherein the heat supply assemblies have different preset temperatures.

As the utility model discloses a quick PCR nucleic acid testing temperature regulating device's an preferred scheme, wherein: the heat supply assembly provides heat medium fluid, and the switcher is connected with the heat supply assembly and the heated part through pipelines.

As the utility model discloses quick PCR nucleic acid testing temperature regulating device's an optimal selection scheme, wherein: the heat supply assembly comprises a fluid tank and a heat medium fluid stored in the fluid tank, wherein the heat medium fluid has a preset temperature.

As the utility model discloses a quick PCR nucleic acid testing temperature regulating device's an preferred scheme, wherein: the fluid tank is provided with a heater and/or a radiator which maintains the thermal medium fluid at a preset temperature.

As the utility model discloses quick PCR nucleic acid testing temperature regulating device's an optimal selection scheme, wherein: a fluid channel is arranged in the heated part, and the switcher is connected with an inlet of the fluid channel.

As the utility model discloses a quick PCR nucleic acid testing temperature regulating device's an preferred scheme, wherein: and the outlet of the fluid channel is connected with the fluid tanks of the plurality of heat supply assemblies through pipelines.

As the utility model discloses quick PCR nucleic acid testing temperature regulating device's an optimal selection scheme, wherein: and a recovery switcher is arranged on a pipeline connected with the outlet of the fluid channel, and the structure of the recovery switcher is the same as that of the switcher and the recovery switcher and the switcher act synchronously.

As the utility model discloses quick PCR nucleic acid testing temperature regulating device's an optimal selection scheme, wherein: the switch comprises a switch cavity and a plurality of fluid inlets and a fluid outlet which are communicated with the switch cavity;

an operating block is arranged in the switching cavity and can only enable one of the fluid inlets to be communicated with the fluid outlet.

As the utility model discloses quick PCR nucleic acid testing temperature regulating device's an optimal selection scheme, wherein: a reaction cavity is arranged in the PCR reactor, and the reaction cavity is isolated from the fluid channel through a heat conducting metal sheet.

As the utility model discloses quick PCR nucleic acid testing temperature regulating device's an optimal selection scheme, wherein: the number of the heat supply assemblies is three, and the preset temperature of the three heat supply assemblies is gradually reduced.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

the utility model discloses a set up the heat supply subassembly of different temperatures, before PCR reaction begins, the heat supply subassembly maintains the settlement temperature, switches the heat supply of different heat supply subassemblies through the switch, and the time of temperature switch has been left out in whole PCR process, shortens the time of reaction.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor. Wherein:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the PCR reactor of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 with additional liquid reflux;

fig. 5a is a schematic view of the structure and the working state of the switcher of the present invention in which the right water inlet is communicated with the water outlet;

fig. 5b is a schematic view of the structure and the working state of the switcher of the present invention in which the middle water inlet is communicated with the water outlet;

fig. 5c is the structure of the switch and the working state diagram of the left water inlet and the water outlet.

Detailed Description

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying description.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, other ways of implementing the invention may be devised different from those described herein, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention can be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Furthermore, the references herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

The raw materials used in the examples were all purchased commercially unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a temperature control device for rapid PCR nucleic acid detection, which includes a PCR reactor 100 and a plurality of heat supply components 200, wherein the heat supply components 200 have different preset temperatures; the one-time complete PCR amplification process generally includes three stages of template denaturation, annealing between the template and the primer, and primer extension, so that the number of the heat supply assemblies 200 in this embodiment is three, and the preset temperatures of the three heat supply assemblies 200 are the denaturation temperature, the annealing temperature, and the extension temperature, respectively.

The PCR reactor 100 has a heat receiving portion 101, and the heat supplying unit 200 supplies heat to the heat receiving portion 101, and the heat receiving portion 101 transfers the heat to the reaction solution.

In a specific PCR reaction process, in a denaturation stage, heat is supplied to a PCR reactor 100 through a heat supply assembly 200 at a denaturation temperature, so that double-stranded DNA is heated to 95 ℃, the holding time is 5s, hydrogen bonds of a double-helix structure of the DNA can be broken, and two pieces of single-stranded DNA are obtained;

in the annealing stage, heat is supplied to the PCR reactor 100 through a heat supply assembly 200 with the annealing temperature, so that the reaction temperature is maintained at 65 ℃, and at the moment, the uncoiled DNA single strand is combined with a primer in a reaction system to form a DNA template-primer compound;

in the extension stage, heat is supplied to the PCR reactor 100 through the heat supply component 200 at the extension temperature, so that the reaction temperature is raised to about 72 ℃, and then a new strand complementarily paired with the template DNA single strand extends out of the DNA template-primer complex under the catalysis of polymerase and by following the base complementary pairing principle and the half-retention replication principle. Repeating the step 40 for the rest of the cycle, so that the detected amount of the DNA meets the detection requirement.

It should be noted that the heat supplying module 200 is connected to the heat receiving unit 101 through the switch 300, and the switch 300 controls on/off of the connection between the heat supplying module 200 and the heat receiving unit 101, so that the switch 300 can realize fast switching of the temperature and shorten the reaction time.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1 or 4, this embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: the heating assembly 200 of this embodiment provides a heat medium fluid 202, and the heat medium fluid 202 may be water, oil or gas, and in this embodiment, water is used. Therefore, the switch 300 is connected to the heating module 200 and the heat receiving unit 101 through pipelines; in addition, the supply of the heat medium fluid 202 is realized by providing a pump 500 on the line.

The heating assembly 200 includes a fluid tank 201 and a heat medium fluid 202 stored in the fluid tank 201, wherein the heat medium fluid 202 has a predetermined temperature.

Specifically, the fluid tank 201 is provided with a heater 203 and/or a radiator 204, and the heat medium fluid 202 in the fluid tank 201 is maintained at a preset temperature by the action of the heater 203 and/or the radiator 204. The preset temperatures were the denaturation temperature, annealing temperature and extension temperature described in example 1.

It should be noted that the fluid passage 101a is provided in the heat receiving unit 101, the switch 300 is connected to the fluid passage 101a, the heat supply unit 200 supplies the heat medium fluid 202 to the fluid passage 101a, and the fluid passage 101a may be of a conventional flow path design such as a bent type, an S type, a serpentine type, a disk type, or the like, in order to extend the time for which the heat medium fluid 202 is in the fluid passage 101 a.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 2 or 3, this embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: the PCR reactor 100 specifically comprises a bottom plate 104, a reaction chip 105 and a cover plate 106 which are tightly attached to each other;

the reaction chip 105 is provided with a reaction cavity 102, the fluid channel 101a is arranged on the bottom plate 104, when the bottom plate 104 is attached to the reaction chip 105, the fluid channel 101a is positioned right below the reaction cavity 102, and the reaction cavity 102 and the fluid channel 101a are isolated and sealed from each other through the heat-conducting metal sheet 103; the heat conducting metal sheet 103 selected by the embodiment is a thin copper sheet, and the heat conducting coefficient of the copper sheet is high, so that heat can be rapidly transferred to the periphery of the reaction liquid in the heat exchange process.

Wherein, the reaction chip 105 is also provided with a liquid inlet tank 102a and a liquid outlet tank 102b which are communicated with the reaction cavity 102; a liquid injection port 106a and a liquid outlet port 106b which respectively correspond to one ends of the liquid inlet tank 102a and the liquid outlet tank 102b far away from the reaction cavity 102 are formed in the cover plate 106; since the liquid inlet 106a and the liquid outlet 106b are disposed at a distance from the reaction chamber 102, an expansion space is provided for the heated gas to expand, so as to prevent the reaction liquid from overflowing the liquid inlet 106a or the liquid outlet 106b.

Specifically, the fluid passage 101a has an inlet 101b and an outlet 101c, the connection pipe 108 is installed in the inlet 101b and the outlet 101c through the sealant sleeve 107, the connection pipe 108 is used for external connection, and the switch 300 is connected to the connection pipe 108 at the inlet 101b of the fluid passage 101 a.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 4 or 5, this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: to recover the heat medium fluid 202, the outlet 101c of the fluid passage 101a is connected to the fluid tank 201 of the heat supply assembly 200 through a pipeline; the recovery switch 400 is installed on the pipeline connected to the outlet 101c of the fluid channel 101a, the recovery switch 400 has the same structure as the switch 300 and operates in synchronization with the same, and the heat medium fluid 202 flows back to the fluid tank 201 of the corresponding heat supply module 200.

It should be noted that the switch 300 of the present embodiment has a housing 303, a switching cavity 301, three water inlets 300a and one water outlet 300b communicated with the switching cavity 301 are formed in the housing 303, and the three water inlets 300a are located on the same side of the housing 303 and arranged in a straight line;

switch and have an operation piece 302 in the chamber 301, through hole 302a has been seted up in the middle part of operation piece 302, and the both sides that are located through hole 302a then form the occlusion part, and operation piece 302 moves in switching chamber 301 along the straight line direction of arranging of water inlet 300a, and operation piece 302 laminates and moves in one side of water inlet 300a, then leaves the clearance between operation piece 302 and delivery port 300b one side, and the occlusion part has the characteristic that can shelter from two water inlets 300a simultaneously during the removal.

Specifically, the operation block 302 has a length capable of covering three water inlets 300a, and when the through hole 302a is communicated with the middle water inlet 300a, the shielding portion can shield the other two water inlets 300a, and at this time, only the thermal medium fluid 202 can be introduced from the middle water inlet 300a (see fig. 5 b);

the switching chamber 301 is provided with a stop portion at each of two ends of the operating block 302 in the moving direction, and when the operating block 302 moves to a stop portion at one side (for example, the left side in the figure), the water inlet 300a far away from the stop portion is arranged at the time

The water inlet 300a (the rightmost water inlet 300a in the figure) is not shielded by the operation block 302, and the water inlet 300a, the switching cavity 301, the gap of the operation block 302 and the water outlet 300b form a channel (as shown in figure 5 a); the operation block 302 at this time blocks the other two water inlets 300a (the two water inlets 300a on the left side in the figure), the through hole 302a is located between the two water inlets 300a, and the two water inlets 300a are not in any communication, so that the heat medium fluid 202 can be introduced only from the water inlet 300a (the water inlet 300a on the rightmost side in the figure) far away from the stopper; when the operating block 302 is moved to the other side stop (right side in the figure), the same procedure as described above, in the opposite direction, is followed by introducing the thermal medium fluid 202 from the water inlet 300a (leftmost water inlet 300a in the figure) far from the stop (see fig. 5 c).

The movement of the operation block 302 can be realized by a conventional linear moving mechanism such as electromagnetic control, an air cylinder, a ball screw, etc., and is established outside the housing 303 of the switch 300 and ensures that the inside of the switch chamber 301 is kept sealed.

As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, two ends of the operation block 302 are respectively connected to a piston 304 through a connecting rod 304a, a piston cavity is formed between the piston 304 and the stoppers at the two ends, the piston cavity has a structure that is sealed and isolated from the internal switching cavity 301, the stoppers at the two ends are respectively provided with air holes, and high-pressure air is filled into the piston cavity at one side through the air holes, so that the operation block 302 can move, and after isobaric air is gradually filled into the piston cavity at the other side, the operation block 302 can be maintained at the middle position, and the air filling of the piston cavity at one side is stopped, so that the operation block 302 can continue to move.

Example 5

Referring to fig. 2 to 4, this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: by adopting 20 mul system VIC channel reagent, the reaction process of PCR can be simplified, namely, the temperature is increased to 95 ℃, DNA begins to denature, the time is maintained for 5s, then the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃, and the renaturation and the extension of the DNA are maintained for 30s; the above process is cycled for more than 40 times.

Therefore, the number of the heat supply assemblies 200 in this embodiment is also three, and the preset temperatures of the three heat supply assemblies 200 are about 98 ℃ for the high temperature medium, 62 ℃ for the medium temperature medium, and 25-30 ℃ for the low temperature medium, respectively.

The heater 203 is attached only to the fluid tanks 201 for the high-temperature medium and the medium-temperature medium, and the radiator 204 is attached to the fluid tank 201 for the low-temperature medium.

The PCR reaction process of this example is slightly different from that of example 1, and specifically includes the following steps:

(1) Firstly, mixing 20 mul of system VIC channel reagent and 5 mul of positive plasmid into a 25 mul system, placing the system in a centrifuge for centrifugation and uniform mixing for 30s, then injecting reaction liquid into a reaction cavity 102 of a reaction chip 105 through a liquid injection port 106a by a liquid transfer gun, and sealing by adopting a PCR film;

(2) Starting a heater 203 and a radiator 204, wherein the two heaters 203 respectively heat the heat medium fluid of the fluid tank 201, the medium temperature medium is heated to 62 ℃, the high temperature medium is heated to 98 ℃, and the low temperature medium is maintained between 25 and 30 ℃ through the radiator 204;

(3) When the heat medium fluid in the fluid tank 201 reaches the target set temperature (detected by a temperature detector in real time, not shown in the figure), the pump 500 and the switch 300 are started, the switch 300 firstly connects the pipeline of the high temperature medium, the pump 500 transmits the high temperature medium into the fluid channel 101a, and the high temperature medium flows back into the fluid tank 201 of the high temperature medium through the recovery switch 400 via the outlet 101 c; after the temperature in the reaction chamber 102 reaches 95 ℃ (which may be performed by detecting or calculating, for example, by detecting the ambient temperature and the known temperature of the heat medium, calculating the temperature in the reaction chamber according to the heat conduction relationship) and is maintained for 5s, the switch 300 and the recovery switch 400 quickly switch the pipeline communicating the low-temperature medium, and the pump 500 delivers the low-temperature medium into the fluid channel 101 a; after the temperature in the reaction chamber 102 reaches 60 ℃, the switch 300 and the recovery switch 400 rapidly switch the pipeline for communicating the medium temperature medium, and the pump 500 delivers the medium temperature medium into the fluid channel 101a, so that the time for maintaining the temperature in the reaction chamber 102 at 60 ℃ is 30s;

(4) The above step (3) is repeated 40 times.

After the reaction liquid in the reaction chamber 102 is heated by the heat medium fluid 202, the temperature of the returned liquid may be reduced, so that the heating pipe 600 may be further disposed on the return pipeline of the high temperature medium and the medium temperature medium to heat the returned heat medium fluid, so as to reduce the temperature difference between the returned heat medium fluid and the liquid in the fluid tank 201, and ensure that the heat medium fluid flowing out of the fluid tank 201 maintains a stable temperature.

The utility model discloses a set up the heat supply subassembly of different temperatures, before PCR reaction begins, the heat supply subassembly maintains the settlement temperature, switches the heat supply of different heat supply subassemblies through the switch, and the time of temperature switch has been left out in whole PCR process, shortens the time of reaction.

The utility model discloses what adopt the heating of PCR reactor 100 is the formula of flowing heat medium, and during fluid passage 101a was flowed through to heat medium fluid 202 at every turn, the temperature all maintained invariable, improved heat transfer effect greatly.

The utility model discloses adopt thin layer copper sheet bonding to PCR reactor 100 bottom side, because the coefficient of heat conductivity of copper sheet is higher, can pass the heat to reaction liquid rapidly around in heat transfer process, secondly the notes liquid mouth setting of chip has the certain distance with the reaction cavity, can be giving because of being heated the gas expansion and provide the inflation space to it annotates the liquid mouth to avoid reaction liquid overflow.

The utility model discloses reaction chip 105 makes an organic whole structure with fluid passage 101a, separates through the thin layer copper sheet on bonding layer between, and the hot medium fluid can not exist to the reaction liquid and pollute at the heat transfer in-process that flows, and the copper sheet has better reflectivity simultaneously, consequently can cooperate real-time fluorescence detection well.

It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the present application as shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters (e.g., temperatures, pressures, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter recited in this application. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any means-plus-function clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present inventions. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to a particular embodiment, but extends to various modifications that nevertheless fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Moreover, in an effort to provide a concise description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not have been described (i.e., those unrelated to the presently contemplated best mode of carrying out the invention, or those unrelated to enabling the invention).

It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure, without undue experimentation.

It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced with equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A rapid PCR nucleic acid detection temperature control device is characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,

a PCR reactor (100), the PCR reactor (100) having a heat receiving part (101); and (c) a second step of,

the heating system comprises a plurality of heating assemblies (200), wherein the heating assemblies (200) are connected with the heated part (101) through a switcher (300), and the switcher (300) controls connection or disconnection between the heating assemblies (200) and the heated part (101);

wherein the heating assembly (200) has different preset temperatures.

2. The rapid temperature control device for PCR nucleic acid detection according to claim 1, wherein: the heat supply assembly (200) provides a heat medium fluid (202), and the switcher (300) is connected with the heat supply assembly (200) and the heated unit (101) through pipelines.

3. The rapid PCR nucleic acid detection temperature control device according to claim 2, wherein: the heat supply assembly (200) comprises a fluid tank (201) and a thermal medium fluid (202) stored in the fluid tank (201), wherein the thermal medium fluid (202) has a preset temperature.

4. The rapid temperature control device for PCR nucleic acid detection according to claim 3, wherein: the fluid tank (201) is provided with a heater (203) and/or a radiator (204), and the heater (203) and/or the radiator (204) maintain the thermal medium fluid (202) at a preset temperature.

5. The rapid PCR nucleic acid detection temperature control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: a fluid channel (101 a) is arranged in the heat receiving unit (101), and the switch (300) is connected with an inlet (101 b) of the fluid channel (101 a).

6. The rapid PCR nucleic acid detection temperature control device according to claim 5, wherein: the outlet (101 c) of the fluid channel (101 a) is connected with a plurality of heat supply assemblies (200) through pipelines.

7. The rapid PCR nucleic acid detection temperature control device according to claim 6, wherein: a recovery switch (400) is arranged on a pipeline connected with the outlet (101 c) of the fluid channel (101 a), the structure of the recovery switch (400) is the same as that of the switch (300), and the recovery switch and the switch act synchronously.

8. The rapid PCR nucleic acid detection temperature control device according to claim 7, wherein: the switch (300) comprises a switching chamber (301) and a plurality of fluid inlets (300 a) and one fluid outlet (300 b) in communication with the switching chamber (301);

an operating block (302) is arranged in the switching cavity (301), and the operating block (302) can only enable one of the fluid inlets (300 a) to be communicated with the fluid outlet (300 b).

9. The rapid PCR nucleic acid detection temperature control device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein: a reaction cavity (102) is arranged in the PCR reactor (100), and the reaction cavity (102) and the fluid channel (101 a) are mutually isolated through a heat-conducting metal sheet (103).

10. The rapid PCR nucleic acid detection temperature control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 6 to 8, wherein: the number of the heat supply assemblies (200) is three, and the preset temperature of the three heat supply assemblies (200) is gradually reduced.

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