CN218183336U

CN218183336U - Control structure for controlling two paths of loads through single pin

Info

Publication number: CN218183336U
Application number: CN202122216245.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 牛坤; 王俊杰; 潘尚华; 沃林·安德烈亚林; 马库斯·万修哲
Original assignee: Xibaisi Electromechanical Equipment Jiaxing Co ltd
Current assignee: Xibaisi Electromechanical Equipment Jiaxing Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-14
Filing date: 2021-09-14
Publication date: 2022-12-30
Anticipated expiration: 2031-09-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses a control structure for controlling two paths of loads through a single pin, which comprises two switch control elements, wherein the input ends of the two switch control elements are connected and are connected to the same control pin of a control chip to form a control end; one input end of one switch control element is connected with an input power supply, and the other control end of the other switch control element is grounded; and the output end of one switch control element is connected with one path of load, the output end of the other switch control element is connected with the other path of load, and the two paths of loads form a controlled end. The utility model discloses two way signal switching of level signal control of accessible, the multichannel uses simultaneously, so can reduce the pin quantity of chip, reduces circuit structure design and the degree of difficulty that the PCB board was walked the line to effective reduce cost accelerates the hardware design. When the touch panel is used for touching the call panel, the parasitic capacitance effect caused by multiple signal lines can be effectively reduced, the touch interference is reduced, and the stability is enhanced.

Description

Control structure for controlling two paths of loads through single pin

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an electrical control technical field, concretely relates to can be applied to electric fields such as elevator in order to realize the control structure to exceeding load all the way.

Background

With the development of science and technology, electronic products are more and more, and the cost, the pin count and the wiring density of the PCB board corresponding to the chip are also required to be stricter and stricter. Digital communication allows for many data transfers with few pins, but for level signals, typically only one chip pin controls one output. That is, for the level signal, only one signal (pin) can control one output, if the level signal to be controlled is more, more pins are needed, which results in the complicated routing of the PCB board and the need for a control chip with more pins, thereby increasing the difficulty of circuit design and significantly increasing the cost.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses shortcoming to prior art exists provides a simple structure, reasonable in design, can reduce the requirement of hardware to the chip and the line degree of difficulty of walking of PCB board to and the control structure through two tunnel loads of single pin control that can save time and cost.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a control structure through two way loads of single pin control which characterized in that: the control circuit comprises two switch control elements (same or similar), wherein the input ends of the two switch control elements are connected and are connected to the same control pin of a control chip together to form a control end; one input end of one switch control element is connected with an input power supply, and the other control end of the other switch control element is grounded; and the output end of one switch control element is connected with one path of load, the output end of the other switch control element is connected with the other path of load, and the two paths of loads form a controlled end.

Preferably, the switch control element adopts two optocouplers, namely an optocoupler U1 and an optocoupler U3, and is an isolation structure at the moment, wherein an input pin A of the optocoupler U1 is connected with an input power supply Vctrl, a pin K of the optocoupler U1 and a pin A of the optocoupler U3 are interconnected and connected with a control end Ctrl together, and a resistor R1 and a resistor R3 are respectively arranged between the control end Ctrl and the input pins K of the optocoupler U1 and the input pin A of the optocoupler U3; the output pins C of the optocoupler U1 and the optocoupler U3 are interconnected, the output pin E of the optocoupler U1 is connected with a first load, the output pin E of the optocoupler U3 is connected with a second load, and the two loads are grounded after being connected in parallel.

When two optocouplers are used as switch control elements, the first load is LED1, the second load is LED2, and the cathodes of the LED1 and the LED2 are grounded together. The structure is characterized in that a control end and a controlled end can be completely isolated, the high voltage is controlled at low voltage, the alternating current is controlled at direct current (if the optical couplers U1 and U3 are in a direct current input and alternating current output type), the direct current is controlled at alternating current (if the optical couplers U1 and U3 are in an alternating current input and direct current output type), and the like. The optocouplers U1 and U3 can be replaced by a mechanical relay, a solid-state relay and the like according to needs, and the optocouplers are very flexible.

Preferably, the switching control element adopts two complementary triodes, namely a switching tube Q1 and a switching tube Q3, and is a non-isolated structure at this time, wherein the switching tube Q1 is a PNP type, and the E pole of the switching tube is connected with an input power supply Vcc; the switching tube Q3 is of an NPN type, and the E pole of the switching tube Q3 is grounded; the B pole of the switching tube Q1 and the B pole of the switching tube Q3 are interconnected and are connected with a control end Ctrl together, and a resistor R4 and a resistor R6 are respectively arranged between the control end Ctrl and the switching tube Q1 and between the control end Ctrl and the switching tube Q3; the C pole of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a first load, the C pole of the switching tube Q3 is connected with a second load, the first load is grounded, and the second load is connected with a power supply Vcc.

When two complementary triodes are used as a switch control element, the first load is an LED3, the second load is an LED4, the anode of the LED3 is connected with the C pole of a switch tube Q1 through a resistor, and the cathode of the LED3 is grounded; the cathode of the LED4 is connected with the C pole of the switching tube Q3 through another resistor, and the anode of the LED4 is connected with the power supply Vcc.

Preferably, the switching control element adopts two complementary MOS transistors, namely a switching transistor Q4 and a switching transistor Q5, and at this time, the switching transistor Q4 is of a non-isolated structure, wherein the switching transistor Q4 is of a P type, and the S pole of the switching transistor is connected with an input power supply Vcc; the switching tube Q5 is of an N type, and the S pole of the switching tube is grounded; the G pole of the switching tube Q4 and the G pole of the switching tube Q5 are interconnected and are directly connected with the control end Ctrl; the D pole of the switch tube Q4 is connected with a first load, the D pole of the switch tube Q5 is connected with a second load, the first load is grounded, and the second load is connected with a power supply Vcc.

When two complementary MOS tubes are used as a switch control element, a first load is an LED5, a second load is an LED6, the anode of the LED5 is connected with the D pole of a switch tube Q4 through a resistor, and the cathode of the LED5 is grounded; the cathode of the LED6 is connected with the D pole of the switching tube Q5 through another resistor, and the anode of the LED6 is connected with the power supply Vcc.

The utility model discloses for current electrical control structure, two way signal switching of level signal control of accessible, the multichannel uses simultaneously, so can reduce the pin quantity of chip, reduces circuit structure design and the PCB board degree of difficulty of walking the line to effective reduce cost accelerates the hardware design. When the touch panel is used for touching the call panel, the parasitic capacitance effect caused by multiple signal lines can be effectively reduced, the touch interference is reduced, and the stability is enhanced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a circuit structure diagram of the present invention using optical coupling control;

FIG. 2 is a circuit structure diagram of the present invention using triode control;

fig. 3 is a circuit structure diagram controlled by the MOS transistor of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present disclosure is further illustrated by the following three specific examples:

in embodiment 1, referring to fig. 1, in the control structure for controlling two paths of loads through a single pin, two optocouplers are used as switching control elements, namely an optocoupler U1 and an optocoupler U3, and at this time, the optocoupler U1 is an isolation structure, wherein an input pin a of the optocoupler U1 is connected to an input power Vctrl, a K input pin of the optocoupler U1 and an input pin a of the optocoupler U3 are interconnected and connected together to a control terminal Ctrl, and a resistor R1 and a resistor R3 are respectively arranged between the control terminal Ctrl and the input pins K of the optocoupler U1 and the input pin a of the optocoupler U3; the output pins C of the optocoupler U1 and the optocoupler U3 are interconnected, the output pin E of the optocoupler U1 is connected with a first load, the output pin E of the optocoupler U3 is connected with a second load, and the two loads are grounded after being connected in parallel.

When two optocouplers are used as switch control elements, the first load is LED1, the second load is LED2, and the cathodes of the LED1 and the LED2 are grounded together.

The voltage of the control terminal Ctrl is isolated from the negative GND of the input power supply, and the voltage of the output LED is isolated from the negative PGND of the output power supply (of course, the GND and PGND may be directly shorted to achieve common ground).

When the control terminal Ctrl is at a high level, the voltage difference between the control terminal power supply voltage Vctrl and the control terminal Ctrl is substantially 0, and no voltage exists between the input pins A, K of the optocoupler U1, so that the input pins C, E are approximately disconnected, and the isolated output terminal LED1 is not bright. At this time, the voltage of the control terminal Ctrl is added between the input pins A, K of the optocoupler U3 through the resistor R3, so that the output pin C, E of the optocoupler U3 is turned on, and the isolated output terminal LED2 is turned on.

Similarly, when the control terminal Ctrl is at a low level, no voltage is present between the input pins A, K of the optocoupler U3, and the input pins A, K cannot be turned on, so that the output pins C, E are approximately disconnected, and the isolated output terminal LED2 is not lit. At the moment, a starting voltage is applied between the input pins A, K of the optocoupler U1, so that the output pin C, E of the optocoupler U1 is switched on, and the isolated output end LED1 is lightened.

When the control terminal Ctrl has no control signal, the input terminal voltage is about 1/2Vctrl, and appropriate resistance values of the current limiting resistors R1 and R3 are selected, so that the following 1 or 2 effects can be achieved (for example, toshiba TLP187 optocoupler, vctrl =3.3 v):

1. the optocouplers U1 and U3 are both in an on state. At this moment, the output ends of the optocouplers U1 and U3 are both conducted, but the equivalent series resistance is slightly large, so that the LEDs 1 and 2 can be both lightened, and the brightness is slightly low. The conduction current of the optical couplers U1 and U3 is adjusted to be about 0.37mA, the voltage drop of the control ends of the optical couplers U1 and U3 is about 1.1v, then (R1 + R3) ≈ (3.3-1.1 × 2) v/0.37mA, and R1= R3 ≈ 1.5k omega.

2. The optocouplers U1 and U3 are in a cut-off state. At this moment, the output ends of the optocouplers U1 and U3 are both turned off, so that the LED1 and the LED2 are not bright. Similarly, if R1= R3=7.5k Ω, the current when the optocoupler U1 or U3 is on is about: (3.3-1.1)/7.5 k is approximately equal to 0.3mA; the current of opto-coupler U1 and opto-coupler U3 is about when there is no control signal: (3.3-1.1 × 2)/(7.5 k × 2) =0.07mA, insufficient for conduction.

The state switching is shown in table 1 below:

TABLE 1

The embodiment 1 has the characteristics that the control end and the controlled end can be completely isolated, the high voltage is controlled at low voltage, the alternating current is controlled at direct current (if the optical couplers U1 and U3 are in a direct current input and alternating current output type), the direct current is controlled at alternating current (if the optical couplers U1 and U3 are in an alternating current input and direct current output type), and the like. The optocouplers U1 and U3 can be replaced by a mechanical relay, a solid-state relay and the like according to needs, and the optocouplers are very flexible.

Embodiment 2, referring to fig. 2, two complementary triodes are used as switching control elements, namely a switching tube Q1 and a switching tube Q3, which are non-isolated structures, wherein the switching tube Q1 is a PNP type, and the E pole of the switching tube is connected to an input power supply Vcc; the switching tube Q3 is of an NPN type, and the E pole of the switching tube Q3 is grounded; the B pole of the switching tube Q1 and the B pole of the switching tube Q3 are interconnected and are connected with a control end Ctrl together, and a resistor R4 and a resistor R6 are respectively arranged between the control end Ctrl and the switching tube Q1 and between the control end Ctrl and the switching tube Q3; the C pole of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a first load, the C pole of the switching tube Q3 is connected with a second load, the first load is grounded, and the second load is connected with a power supply Vcc.

Embodiment 3, referring to fig. 3, two complementary MOS transistors are used as switching control elements, namely a switching transistor Q4 and a switching transistor Q5, which are in a non-isolated structure, wherein the switching transistor Q4 is P-type, and the S-pole of the switching transistor is connected to an input power Vcc; the switching tube Q5 is of an N type, and the S pole of the switching tube is grounded; the G pole of the switching tube Q4 and the G pole of the switching tube Q5 are interconnected and are directly connected with the control end Ctrl; the D pole of the switch tube Q4 is connected with a first load, the D pole of the switch tube Q5 is connected with a second load, the first load is grounded, and the second load is connected with a power supply Vcc.

Example 2 has a higher similarity to example 3 and is therefore described in detail together. The two are characterized in that the control end and the controlled end adopt the same power supply, and the cost is lower. The complementary BJT transistor can be implemented by NPN/PNP triode, MOS transistor (NMOS/PMOS) or IGBT. The high level output voltage of the control signal Ctrl needs to be Vcc, for example, the control system uses a 24V power supply, and then the high level of the control signal needs to be 24V, otherwise the PNP transistor (the switch Q1) or the PMOS transistor (the switch Q4) may not be turned off completely.

Similar to the isolation scheme of embodiment 1, when the Ctrl is at a high level, the difference between the Vcc power supply voltage and the Ctrl is substantially 0, the Vbe of the switching tube Q1 (or the Vgs of the switching tube Q4) is substantially 0, and the control terminal cannot be turned on, so that the C pole and the E pole of the output terminal of the switching tube Q1 (or the D pole and the S pole of the switching tube Q4) are approximately disconnected, and the load LED3 (or LED 5) is not lit. At this time, the voltage of the control terminal Ctrl can drive the control terminal B and E of the switching tube Q3 (or the control terminal G and S of the switching tube Q5), so that the switching tube Q3 (or the switching tube Q5) is turned on, and the load LED4 (or the LED 6) is turned on.

Accordingly, when the control terminal Ctrl is at a low level, the control terminal Vbe of the switch tube Q1 (or the control terminal Vgs of the switch tube Q4) has a sufficiently negative voltage to be turned on, and the load LED3 (or LED 5) is turned on. At this time, the switching tube Q3 or (the switching tube Q5) cannot be turned on because of no forward control voltage, and the load LED4 (or LED 6) is not lit.

For the case of embodiment 2, similarly, when the control terminal Ctrl has no control signal, the input terminal voltage of Ctrl is about 1/2Vctrl, and the appropriate resistance values of the current-limiting resistors R4 and R6 are selected, so that the following effects 1 or 2 can be achieved (taking the commonly used NPN transistor 8050 and PNP transistor 8550, and the control voltage Vctrl is 3.3v as an example):

1. both LEDs 3, 4 are lit, but at a slightly lower brightness. In the same way, the method can be realized by taking R4= R6=1.5k-3.3 k;

2. neither LED3, LED4 is lit. And taking R4= R6=6.8k-10k in the same way.

The state switching is shown in table 2 below:

TABLE 2

For the case of embodiment 3, selecting a proper MOS transistor can achieve the following effects 1 or 2:

1. if a depletion type MOS tube is used, when the control end Ctrl has no control signal, the switching tubes Q4 and Q5 are conducted, so that the LED5 and the LED6 can be lightened;

2. if the enhancement type MOS tube is used, the LED5 and the LED6 are not lighted when no control signal is provided.

The state switching is shown in table 3 below:

TABLE 3

By combining the solutions of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, and embodiment 3, the LED lamp may be replaced with other types of loads, as long as the switching control element (the optocoupler, the transistor, and the fet) is subjected to appropriate power matching and ac/dc matching.

The value of the control resistor needs to be calculated simply according to actually selected elements, and then the optimal effect can be achieved through actual test fine adjustment. For example, when the calculated resistance value is not controlled, the two LEDs are turned off, actually the two LEDs are slightly bright, the two control resistors are gradually increased until the control optocoupler/transistor is turned off because the on-state current cannot be reached, and the two LEDs can be normally controlled to be switched by applying a control voltage. Vice versa, the best effect that two paths are bright without control can be achieved by calculating and adjusting.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, i.e. the present invention is intended to cover all equivalent variations and modifications within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a control structure through two way loads of single pin control which characterized in that: the control circuit comprises two switch control elements, wherein the input ends of the two switch control elements are connected and are connected to the same control pin of a control chip together to form a control end; one input end of one switch control element is connected with an input power supply, and the other control end of the other switch control element is grounded; and the output end of one switch control element is connected with one path of load, the output end of the other switch control element is connected with the other path of load, and the two paths of loads form a controlled end.

2. The control structure for controlling two-way load through the single pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: the switch control element adopts two optocouplers which are an optocoupler U1 and an optocoupler U3 respectively, wherein an input pin A of the optocoupler U1 is connected with an input power supply Vctrl, a K input pin of the optocoupler U1 and an input pin A of the optocoupler U3 are connected with each other and are connected with a control end Ctrl together, and a resistor R1 and a resistor R3 are arranged between the control end Ctrl and the K input pin of the optocoupler U1 and between the control end Ctrl and the input pin A of the optocoupler U3 respectively; the output pins C of the optocoupler U1 and the optocoupler U3 are interconnected, the output pin E of the optocoupler U1 is connected with a first load, the output pin E of the optocoupler U3 is connected with a second load, and the two loads are grounded after being connected in parallel.

3. The control structure for controlling two-way loads through a single pin according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first load is LED1, the second load is LED2, and the cathodes of the LED1 and the LED2 are grounded together.

4. The control structure for controlling two-way loads through a single pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: the switch control element adopts two complementary triodes which are respectively a switch tube Q1 and a switch tube Q3, wherein the switch tube Q1 is PNP type, and the E pole of the switch tube is connected with an input power supply Vcc; the switching tube Q3 is of an NPN type, and the E pole of the switching tube Q3 is grounded; the B pole of the switching tube Q1 and the B pole of the switching tube Q3 are interconnected and are connected with a control end Ctrl together, and a resistor R4 and a resistor R6 are respectively arranged between the control end Ctrl and the switching tubes Q1 and Q3; the C pole of the switch tube Q1 is connected with a first load, the C pole of the switch tube Q3 is connected with a second load, the first load is grounded, and the second load is connected with a power supply Vcc.

5. The control structure for controlling two-way load through the single pin according to claim 4, characterized in that: the first load is an LED3, the second load is an LED4, the anode of the LED3 is connected with the C pole of the switch tube Q1 through a resistor, and the cathode of the LED3 is grounded; the cathode of the LED4 is connected with the C pole of the switch tube Q3 through another resistor, and the anode of the LED4 is connected with the power supply Vcc.

6. The control structure for controlling two-way loads through a single pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: the switch control element adopts two complementary MOS tubes, namely a switch tube Q4 and a switch tube Q5, wherein the switch tube Q4 is of a P type, and the S pole of the switch tube is connected with an input power supply Vcc; the switching tube Q5 is of an N type, and the S pole of the switching tube is grounded; the G pole of the switching tube Q4 and the G pole of the switching tube Q5 are interconnected and are directly connected with the control end Ctrl; the D pole of the switch tube Q4 is connected with a first load, the D pole of the switch tube Q5 is connected with a second load, the first load is grounded, and the second load is connected with a power supply Vcc.

7. The control structure for controlling two-way load through the single pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first load is an LED5, the second load is an LED6, the anode of the LED5 is connected with the D pole of the switch tube Q4 through a resistor, and the cathode of the LED5 is grounded; the cathode of the LED6 is connected with the D pole of the switching tube Q5 through another resistor, and the anode of the LED6 is connected with the power supply Vcc.