CN217202595U

CN217202595U - Biomass carbonization furnace

Info

Publication number: CN217202595U
Application number: CN202221246621.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 严子深; 巩雪桦; 曹昌兴; 吕大飞; 苏吉庆; 逯艳方; 巩博悦; 占天晓
Original assignee: Zhongda Hanxing Environmental Remediation Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhongda Hanxing Environmental Remediation Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-05-23
Filing date: 2022-05-23
Publication date: 2022-08-16
Anticipated expiration: 2032-05-23

Abstract

The utility model relates to a biomass energy utilizes technical field, particularly, relates to a biomass carbonization stove, and the carbonization stove is segmentation vertical structure, and the top and the lifting machine of furnace body are connected, and the bottom is connected with album charcoal storehouse, and the inside of furnace body is provided with to break encircles device, induced air hole and dials the material device, wherein: the arch breaking device is arranged at the top section in the furnace body and drives the material pushing disc to move up and down through a worm gear and a screw rod; the air inducing holes are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the middle section of the furnace body; the material poking device is arranged at the bottom section inside the furnace body and drives the conical material poking device to rotate and poke materials through the transmission mechanism. This application can realize the material loading as required, bulldozes the material, effectively prevents to burn through and bridging phenomenon, can realize continuous stable play charcoal, steady even product gas, and the lower part sets up two collection charcoal storehouses, and the pyrolysis carbonization reaction at the middle part is not influenced in the play charcoal, can realize continuous production.

Description

Biomass carbonization furnace

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of biomass energy utilization, in particular to a biomass carbonization furnace.

Background

Biomass refers to non-fossil energy and biodegradable organic matter, derived from plants, animals and microorganisms, including products, by-products, residues, wastes of agriculture, forestry and related industries, and organic components in non-fossil and biodegradable industries and biological wastes, and also gases and liquids obtained from the decomposition of non-fossil and biodegradable organic matter.

The biomass is rich in variety, municipal waste, organic wastewater, energy plants, agricultural wastes and the like belong to the biomass category, the biomass storage capacity is huge, and the estimated total amount of the biomass growing on the earth every year is about 1400-1800 billion tons (dry weight) which is equivalent to 10 times of the total energy consumption in the world at present, and the biomass is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The biomass is a renewable clean energy source and has the advantages of wide distribution, large storage capacity, easy acquisition and the like. Meanwhile, in the conversion process of the biomass energy, carbon dioxide and water are synthesized into biomass through photosynthesis of green plants, and carbon dioxide and water are generated in the using process of the biomass energy to form a circulating discharge process of the carbon dioxide, so that the net discharge amount of the carbon dioxide of human can be effectively reduced, and the greenhouse effect is reduced.

Biomass charcoalThe furnace mainly carbonizes biomass, biomass fuel is pyrolyzed under high temperature and oxygen deficiency conditions to generate carbon monoxide and gasification medium (usually air, oxygen, water vapor or hydrogen), and thermochemical reaction is generated under certain conditions to generate CO and H ₂ Or CH ₄ For the combustible gas of principal ingredients, but current biomass carbonization stove material loading is untimely, inhomogeneous, and the furnace body air distribution is inhomogeneous, to many raw materials that are difficult for flowing, owing to breathe in inhomogeneous, the furnace roof does not have and pushes down or dials the material device, can appear the material and take a bridge not fall even the condition that the material burns through to current biomass gasification stove ejection of compact structure, unable smooth and easy ejection of compact causes the biomass charcoal to pile up at the discharge gate, influences the ejection of compact, influences the gasifier operation.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The application provides a living beings retort can realize that retort is stable, even output living beings charcoal and produce the living beings gas, has solved in the living beings retort material bulk density inequality, the bed of material burn through easily, the interior knot of stove encircles, the big problem of carbomorphism degree difference.

In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, this application provides a living beings retort, retort are segmentation vertical structure, and the top and the lifting machine of furnace body are connected, and the bottom is connected with album charcoal storehouse, and the inside of furnace body is provided with broken device, induced air hole and dials the material device, wherein: the arch breaking device is arranged at the top section in the furnace body and drives the material pushing disc to move up and down through a worm gear and a screw rod; the air inducing holes are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the middle section of the furnace body; the kick-out device is arranged at the bottom section in the furnace body and drives the conical kick-out device to rotate and kick-out through the transmission mechanism.

Furthermore, the elevator is a plate chain bucket elevator and is hermetically connected with a feed inlet at the top of the furnace body through a cylindrical sealing chute.

Further, the bottom of the charcoal collecting bin is provided with a screw conveyor.

Further, the middle section of the furnace body is also provided with a buffer cavity and a gas outlet, the gas outlet is arranged on the outer wall of the middle section of the furnace body, the buffer cavity surrounds the inner wall of the middle section of the furnace body, and the buffer cavity is respectively communicated with the air inducing hole and the gas outlet.

Furthermore, a conical kick-out device of the kick-out device is of a cavity structure, a rotary joint is arranged below the conical kick-out device, and the rotary joint is communicated with the cavity of the conical kick-out device through a water pipe.

Further, a material level measuring instrument is arranged at the top section of the furnace body.

Furthermore, a temperature measuring point is arranged at the middle section of the furnace body, and the temperature measuring point is used for monitoring the temperature through a thermocouple.

Furthermore, the bottom section of the furnace body is provided with an ignition port.

Furthermore, a fireproof heat insulation layer is arranged on the inner wall surrounding the furnace body, and the fireproof heat insulation layer at the bottom section of the furnace body is built into a furling structure.

Furthermore, the outer wall of the bottom of the furnace body is fixedly provided with supporting legs.

The utility model provides a pair of biomass carbonization furnace has following beneficial effect:

this application can realize the material loading as required, bulldozes the material, effectively prevents to burn through and bridging phenomenon, can realize continuous stable play charcoal, steady even product gas, and the lower part sets up two collection charcoal storehouses, and the pyrolysis carbonization reaction at the middle part is not influenced in the play charcoal, can realize continuous production.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, serve to provide a further understanding of the application and to enable other features, objects, and advantages of the application to be more apparent. The drawings and their description illustrate the embodiments of the invention and do not limit it. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a biomass carbonization furnace provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is an internal structural view of a biomass carbonization furnace provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

in the figure: 1-elevator, 2-arch breaking device, 3-furnace body, 4-thermocouple, 5-gas outlet, 6-supporting leg, 7-carbon collecting bin, 8-screw conveyor, 9-material level measuring instrument, 10-material pushing disc, 11-buffer cavity, 12-fire-resistant heat insulation layer, 13-air guiding hole, 14-ignition port, 15-material stirring device and 16-rotary joint.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application described herein may be used. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

In this application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.

Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides the orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate some kind of attachment or connection relationship in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

In addition, the term "plurality" shall mean two as well as more than two.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-2, the application provides a biomass carbonization furnace, and the carbonization furnace is segmentation vertical structure, and the top and the lifting machine 1 of furnace body 3 are connected, and the bottom is connected with album charcoal storehouse 7, and the inside of furnace body 3 is provided with broken device 2, induced air hole 13 and dials material device 15, wherein: the arch breaking device 2 is arranged at the top section in the furnace body 3 and drives the material pushing disc 10 to move up and down through a worm gear and a screw rod; the air inducing holes 13 are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the middle section of the furnace body 3; the kick-out device 15 is arranged at the bottom section inside the furnace body 3 and drives the conical kick-out device to rotate and kick-out materials through a transmission mechanism.

Specifically, the living beings retort that this application embodiment provided is segmentation vertical structure, mainly make the inside living beings raw materials of furnace body 3 carry out the carbomorphism, thereby produce living beings charcoal and living beings gas, the change that the living beings take place differently when retort's inside from the top down moves, the heat radiation that receives the lower floor loses more moisture gradually, generate heat pyrolysis reaction under the low oxygen environment afterwards, release partial volatile component, produce combustible gas along with absorption and release heat simultaneously, combustible gas passes through the gas outlet 5 discharge in 3 middle sections of furnace body, and the living beings charcoal that the thermal cracking produced can gather in the collection silo 7 of furnace body 3 bottom temporarily. The arch breaking device 2 adopts a worm gear and screw rod structure, the material pushing disc 10 below the material pushing disc is driven to slowly move up and down in the furnace body 3 to disturb the materials on the middle and upper layers, so that the stacking density of the materials is increased, the materials are continuously pushed downwards, the materials are uniformly distributed in the furnace, the problem that the materials are burnt through can be prevented, and the materials on the lower layer are prevented from bridging and arching. The air inducing hole 13 is mainly used for leading out the combustible gas generated in the furnace body 3 to the air outlet 5. The material stirring device 15 is arranged between the bottom of the furnace body 3 and the carbon collecting bin 7, the conical surface of the conical material stirring device is welded with material stirring blades, the blades are evenly arranged on the conical disc at an inclined rotating angle of 35 degrees, the material stirring blades are driven by the transmission mechanism to rotate, and the material stirring blades drive the generated biomass charcoal to fall into the carbon collecting bin 7, so that the biomass charcoal or ash can be smoothly stirred.

Further, the hoister 1 is a plate chain bucket type hoister and is hermetically connected with a feeding hole in the top of the furnace body 3 through a cylindrical sealing chute. Adopt plate link chain bucket elevator 1 to carry out biomass feedstock's transport, biomass feedstock can disperse even entering carbomorphism stove, realizes continuous material loading, and in addition, the discharge gate of plate link chain bucket elevator 1 passes through the feed inlet sealing connection at the sealed chute of cylindric and 3 tops of furnace body, and the leakproofness is good, does not produce the raise dust.

Further, a screw conveyor 8 is arranged at the bottom of the charcoal collecting bin 7. Collection charcoal storehouse 7 is used for placing the high temperature biomass charcoal that produces temporarily, because can isolated air in collection charcoal storehouse 7, can make biomass charcoal stop burning, the bottom in collection charcoal storehouse 7 sets up two screw conveyer 8, the biomass charcoal that will gather temporarily in collection charcoal storehouse 7 exports outside furnace body 3, can effectively prevent the emergence of jam, furthermore, biomass charcoal piles up the effect that can produce the material seal in screw conveyer 8's entry position, thereby guarantee the certain leakproofness in 3 bottoms of furnace body, can prevent to a certain extent that the biomass charcoal that generates is by further oxidation. And a water spraying device can be arranged on the screw conveyor 8, so that the produced biomass charcoal is effectively cooled, and the charcoal dust is reduced.

Further, the middle section of the furnace body 3 is also provided with a buffer cavity 11 and an air outlet 5, the air outlet 5 is arranged on the outer wall of the middle section of the furnace body 3, the buffer cavity 11 is arranged around the inner wall of the middle section of the furnace body 3, and the buffer cavity 11 is respectively communicated with the air inducing hole 13 and the air outlet 5. The buffer cavity 11 is communicated with the air inducing hole 13, and plays a role in buffering the combustible gas led out from the furnace body 3, so that the material carbonization process is more stable and balanced. The gas outlet 5 can preferably adopt DN200 flange connection pipeline, so that the combustible gas in the buffer cavity 11 is conveyed to a subsequent gas purification system for purification, and the available pure combustible gas is obtained.

Further, the conical kick-out device of the kick-out device 15 is of a cavity structure, a rotary joint 16 is arranged below the conical kick-out device, and the rotary joint 16 is communicated with the cavity of the conical kick-out device through a water pipe. The stirring device 15 is used for stirring biomass charcoal generated at the bottom into the charcoal collecting bin 7 for temporary gathering through the rotation of the conical stirring device, and when the stirring device is rotated, cooling water is injected into a cavity of the conical stirring device through the rotary joint 16 to cool the stirring device 15, so that heat is taken away, and the stirring device 15 is guaranteed not to be influenced by high temperature.

Further, a material level measuring instrument 9 is arranged at the top section of the furnace body 3. The material level measuring instrument 9 is a material level meter, measures the height of materials in the furnace in real time, feeds a feeding signal back to the plate chain bucket elevator 1 when a measured value is lower than a set value, so that the material level in the furnace is supplemented to a proper material level layer, the materials are fed according to the requirement at any time, the material level height is ensured, automatic control is realized, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced.

Further, a temperature measuring point is arranged at the middle section of the furnace body 3, and the temperature measuring point is used for monitoring the temperature through a thermocouple 4. Every area in furnace body 3 all is provided with the temperature measurement point, installs a plurality of temperature measurement points in drying region, pyrolysis zone, oxidation reaction zone, reduction reaction zone etc. department in the retort, and thermocouple 4 thermoscope is installed to each temperature measurement point, and the temperature anomaly in furnace body 3 is prevented to the measurement and the control of the inside different layers of high temperature of furnace body 3 in real time.

Further, the bottom section of the furnace body 3 is provided with an ignition port 14. The whole lower ignition mode that adopts of retort, biomass raw materials ignites through ignition mouth 14 of below, ignites the back and seals ignition mouth 14, guarantees the inside leakproofness of furnace body 3.

Furthermore, a fireproof heat insulation layer 12 is arranged around the inner wall of the furnace body 3, and the fireproof heat insulation layer 12 at the bottom section of the furnace body 3 is built into a furling structure. The refractory heat insulation layer 12 can ensure that high temperature and high heat in the furnace body 3 can not be conducted or dissipated outside the furnace body 3, the refractory heat insulation layer 12 at the bottom section of the furnace body 3 is built into a furling structure, namely, the high temperature layer is locked at the position above the throat part by utilizing the funnel principle, and the smooth proceeding of the pyrolytic oxidation-reduction process of different biomass raw materials is facilitated.

Furthermore, the outer wall of the bottom of the furnace body 3 is fixedly provided with supporting legs 6. The integral vertical carbonization furnace is fixed on the ground through the supporting legs 6, so that the stabilization of the carbonization furnace is ensured.

Furthermore, when the biomass carbonization furnace provided by the embodiment of the application starts production and operation, the variable frequency roots blower connected with the air outlet is started firstly, the materials are ignited through the four ignition ports 14 at the bottom of the furnace body 3 at the same time, then the ignition ports 14 are sealed, the operating frequency of the roots blower is continuously adjusted and improved by monitoring the temperature condition and the air outlet condition in the furnace, the pressure in the furnace body 3 is kept stable, the arch breaking device 2 is driven to push the materials to be carbonized to fall down, the materials in the furnace body 3 are continuously carbonized in the downward moving process, the carbonized materials fall into the carbon collecting bin 7 through the rotation of the cone row material shifting device 15, the materials fall into the double-helix conveyor 8 through the carbon outlet at the bottom of the carbon collecting bin 7, the double-helix conveyor 8 conveys the carbonized materials to the outside of the furnace to complete the carbonization of the biomass materials, thereby obtaining the biomass carbon, and the roots blower can lead out combustible gas generated in the carbonization process through the annular air inlet in the furnace body 3, and the air is conveyed to subsequent purification equipment through an air outlet.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a living beings retort, its characterized in that, retort are segmentation vertical structure, and the top and the lifting machine of furnace body are connected, and the bottom is connected with album carboncus storehouse, and the inside of furnace body is provided with brokenly to encircle device, induced air hole and dials the material device, wherein:

the arch breaking device is arranged at the top section in the furnace body and drives the material pushing disc to move up and down through a worm gear and a screw rod;

the air inducing holes are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the middle section of the furnace body;

the material poking device is arranged at the bottom section inside the furnace body and drives the conical material poking device to rotate and poke materials through the transmission mechanism.

2. The biomass carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the elevator is a plate-link bucket elevator, which is connected with the feed inlet on the top of the furnace body in a sealing manner through a cylindrical sealing chute.

3. The biomass carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the carbon collection bin is provided with a screw conveyor.

4. The biomass carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the middle section of the furnace body is further provided with a buffer chamber and an air outlet, the air outlet is arranged on the outer wall of the middle section of the furnace body, the buffer chamber is arranged around the inner wall of the middle section of the furnace body, and the buffer chamber is respectively communicated with the air inducing hole and the air outlet.

5. The biomass carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conical kick-out device of the kick-out device is of a cavity structure, a rotary joint is arranged below the conical kick-out device, and the rotary joint is communicated with the cavity of the conical kick-out device through a water pipe.

6. Biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the top section of the furnace body is provided with a level gauge.

7. The biomass carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein a temperature measuring point is arranged in the middle section of the furnace body, and the temperature measuring point is monitored by a thermocouple.

8. The biomass carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom section of the furnace body is provided with an ignition port.

9. The biomass carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein a refractory heat-insulating layer is further provided around the inner wall of the furnace body, and the refractory heat-insulating layer of the bottom section of the furnace body is built into a furled structure.

10. The biomass carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the bottom of the furnace body is fixedly provided with supporting legs.