CN202808711U - Straw carbonizing device - Google Patents
Straw carbonizing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN202808711U CN202808711U CN2012203742391U CN201220374239U CN202808711U CN 202808711 U CN202808711 U CN 202808711U CN 2012203742391 U CN2012203742391 U CN 2012203742391U CN 201220374239 U CN201220374239 U CN 201220374239U CN 202808711 U CN202808711 U CN 202808711U
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- straw
- charing
- combustion
- heater
- carbonizing apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The utility model relates to a straw carbonizing device. The straw carbonizing device comprises a tunnel kiln type carbonizing furnace body, a heating unit and a smoke collecting and treating unit and further comprises a sintering material tank and a trackway type loading truck, wherein the sintering material tank is installed in the trackway type loading truck; the heating unit comprises a flame gun, a natural gas pipeline and a combustion-support gas pipeline which are distributed in a hearth; and straws are loaded in the sintering material tank which is arranged in the loading truck and are moved into the carbonizing furnace body, after the furnace body is closed, natural gas and combustion-support gas are supplied to the flame gun from the natural gas pipeline and the combustion-support gas pipeline in the heating unit and are sprayed to the hearth through the flame gun to burn and heat, so that the inner temperature of the hearth is increased to 480-550 DEG C, and the hearth is thermally insulated for 5-8 hours and then is cooled only. The device utilizes various biological straw resources to carbonize and has the advantages of high carbonizing ratio, low carbon emission, full utilization of resources, high carbonizing efficiency, low energy consumption, suitability for mass production, environmental friendliness and the like.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to straw charring equipment, is specifically related to a kind of straw carbonizing apparatus.
Background technology
In view of fossil oil (coal, oil and natural gas) resource be on the verge of tangerine exhaust with the combustion of fossil fuel process in CO
2Excessive emissions, on the impact of Global climate change, it should be noted that the utilization of renewable energy source material (various crop kernels, stalk, residue, timber etc.).Attempt biomass (Biomass) material is carried out bio-transformation (such as biogas) and thermochemistry conversion, renewable and clean energy resource is produced in common name pyrolysis (Pyrolysis).Biomaterial can produce the product of solid, gas, three kinds of forms of liquid by pyrolysis.According to purpose, the control pyrolytical condition can obtain the main products that needs.From the energy development angle, to be converted into inflammable gas to biomaterial exactly, such as CO, H
2, methane, ethane and propane etc.It is commercial with the biomaterial factory (Basu, 2010) of gasifying to build up the first in the world in the U.S. in 1997.Solid product is biological black wood charcoal (Biochar).2007, Lehmann after Nature has delivered biological black wood charcoal (Biochar) to join soil for CO
2Have to increase remittance (Sink) reduction of discharging effect, also have research report to point out, black wood charcoal is for improvement soil property (Liang etc., 2006), transformation of soil nitrogen and migration exert an influence (Clough and Condron, 2010).Therefore, biological black wood charcoal has received increasing concern; These function and efficacies of black wood charcoal have obtained understanding and have used.And China is world agriculture big country, and paddy rice, wheat, corn are the Three major grain crops of China, comprises that other crop will produce about 600,000,000 tons of stalks every year.Under the present circumstances, at Chinese straw-returning and very little as the ratio of life fuel, ratio is less in the developed area.The way of processing at present is on-site incineration, and this not only affects traffic and shipping, and charcoal fine particle (PM2.5) sucked unhealthful by the people, brings out cancer when serious.To this, though prohibiting, government's explicit order burns, disregard prohibitions, there is no so far good plan.
The ultimate principle of black wood charcoal production is under oxygen free condition, biomaterial (Biomass) is introduced to heat in the pyrolysis container cure (torrefaction) and pyrolysis (Pyrolysis).Basu (2010) points out that curing also is a kind of pyrolysis form.Current black wood charcoal for scientific experimentation generally has the miniature carbonizing apparatus in laboratory such as retort furnace, and high-temperature electric resistance furnace prepares.In fact, as black wood charcoal is applied to the field, just must need to be applicable to the process technology equipment of scale operation in the future, and should be take the reproducible green bio energy as heating source, to satisfy the requirement of environmental protection, low consumption.
The international symposium that the black wood charcoal of holding in Nanjing of China is is recently researched and developed and used has the people to introduce the equipment of U.S. Amazon company based on the large-scale production black wood charcoal of doing slide principle (Drydistillation) design.Yet the scope of related biomaterial, just bagasse, cotton branches and leaves, domestic sludge, animal excrements and feedlot waste etc. do not relate to paddy and wheat and seeding corn and other crops stalk.Because the stalk of these crops without processing treatment, can't be sent into these materials in the pyrolysis oven automatically by the spiral promotion device, this just is difficult to accomplish scale production.
The used energy to the biomaterial heating of existing dried slide pyrolysis system generally all is to realize with the gas of introducing the generation of biomaterial pyrolytic gasification self; but this need to consume large number of biological matter charcoal; the charing ratio is low and greatly increased the carbon emission amount; this is for the biomaterial pyrolysis take the production black wood charcoal as purpose; be not appropriate act, and be unfavorable for environment protection.The startup energy of for the first time blow-on inevitably will be with Sweet natural gas or other fossil oil, and under the large form of current energy growing tension, environmental protection pressure, this also is worthless.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model provides a kind ofly can carry out the straw carbonizing apparatus that charing utilization and charing ratio are high, the carbon emission amount is low to the different kind organism stalk resource, this device also have the utilization of resources fully, charing efficient height, energy consumption be low, be suitable for large-scale production and the advantage such as environmentally friendly.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:
Design a kind of straw carbonizing apparatus, comprise tunnel-kiln type charing body of heater, heating unit, flue dust collecting processing unit, also be provided with the sintering hopper of tool certain air permeability with cover of some amount and the rail mounted material containing car that is complementary with the burner hearth of described charing body of heater, described sintering hopper is placed in the described rail mounted material containing car; The gas line that described heating unit comprises the flame gun that is laid in the charing burner hearth of the furnace body, be communicated with described flame gun and fuel gas source, and combustion-supporting air pipe that described flame gun and combustion-supporting source of the gas are communicated with.
Described flue dust collecting processing unit comprises spray collector, collection sewage lagoon, and described spray collector comprises induced draft fan, spray column, the circulating water pool that joins successively.
Tail end at described rail mounted material containing car is provided with the muffle firebreak, and its head end is provided with the fire door that the import with the charing body of heater is complementary.
Or/and described fire door is provided with viewing window, be convenient to observe the hearth combustion situation at the sidewall of described charing body of heater.
In the burner hearth of described charing body of heater, be provided with thermo detector or temperature sensor, be convenient to temperature monitoring, control in the burner hearth.
Described sintering hopper is made by heat conduction and resistant to elevated temperatures material; At the sidewall of described sintering hopper or/and top cover is provided with breather hole or the ventilative slit of some amount, so that the sintering hopper has certain ventilation property, thereby can make the utilization of burning in the burner hearth to the sintering hopper of overflowing of the inflammable gas that produces in the sintering hopper and tar.
Described fuel gas source comprises methane-generating pit, corresponding to the gas-holder of methane-generating pit.
Utilize above-mentioned straw carbonizing apparatus to carry out the method for straw charring, may further comprise the steps:
(1) fills up in the sintering hopper and treat charing stalk and compacting, then after the sintering hopper that will fill stalk is piled up in described rail mounted material containing car, again this rail mounted material containing car is changed in the burner hearth of described charing body of heater, and make between sintering hopper and the burner hearth wall and leave certain gap;
(2) airtight charing body of heater, supply with combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas via the gas line in the heating unit and combustion-supporting air pipe to described flame gun, and via the spray combustion heating in the burner hearth of described flame gun, make be warming up to 480～550 ℃ in the burner hearth after insulation pyrolysis 5～8 hours, or make the insulation pyrolysis 2～4 hours that is rapidly heated in the burner hearth after 780～820 ℃;
(3) flue dust of burner hearth internal combustion generation enters the flue dust collecting processing unit, reclaims tar, depositing dust purifying treatment, and vent gas treatment is up to standard rear emptying;
(4) under the anoxia condition to behind described sintering hopper forced cooling or the naturally cooling.
In described step (2), in the heat temperature raising process, regulate gradually the gas flow enter in the burner hearth, cure to take full advantage of stalk, combustiblematerials CO, the H of the spontaneous generation of pyrolysis
2, methane, ethane, propane and tar makes fuel.
In described step (3), the tar after reclaiming is delivered to the utilization of burning in the burner hearth of charing body of heater.
The utlity model has actively useful effect:
1. Biological resources charing ratio is high, the carbon emission amount is low: stalk is contained in the sintering hopper of above-mentioned incomplete sealing (tool certain air permeability), during heating because the moisture evaporation in the case endogenous substance and cure the gas of generation and case in residual air expanded by heating between the material space, the case internal pressure is greater than burner hearth, therefore combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas can not proceed in the sintering hopper, but and then the stalk pyrolysis under oxygen free condition in the guard box, thereby charing ratio height (reaches 3: 1 such as straw, straw reaches 3.5: 1, rice husk reaches 2.5: 1), the carbon emission amount greatly reduces.
2. strong adaptability: this carbonizing apparatus is applicable to all kinds of Biological resources that charing utilizes of carrying out, and treats the requirement of charing raw material non-selectivity.
3. the Biological resources utilization fully, charing efficient is high, energy consumption is low: can take full advantage of all kinds of combustiblesubstances that the biomass pyrolyzing produces, prepared using is abundant, and utilising efficiency is high; Be suitable for large-scale production, production cost is low and environmentally friendly, is easy to popularize.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of straw carbonizing apparatus;
Fig. 2 is a kind of scheme of installation of flame gun of straw carbonizing apparatus;
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of flue dust collecting processing unit of straw carbonizing apparatus.
Among the figure, 1 is the charing body of heater, and 2 is the sintering hopper, 3 is rail mounted material containing car, and 4 is the muffle firebreak, and 5 is fire door, 6 is little viewing window, and 7 is large observation window, and 8 is spray column, 9 is combustion-supporting air pipe, and 10,11,12 is combustion-supporting air pipe valve, and 13,14,15 is flame gun, 16 is gas line, 17 is the gas line valve, and 18 is the viewing window of charring furnace body sidewall, and 19 is thermometer hole, 20 is cyclic water tank, 21 is sewage draining exit, and 22 are the collection sewage lagoon, and 23 is induced draft fan, 24 is induced draft fan airshed valve, 25 are the oxygenation blower fan, and 26 is gas flowmeter, and 27 is gas pressure gage.
Embodiment
Further set forth the utility model below in conjunction with specific embodiment.Related structure and parts are conventional structure or parts if no special instructions.
1 one kinds of straw carbonizing apparatus of embodiment, referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, comprise tunnel-kiln type charing body of heater 1, heating unit, flue dust collecting processing unit, also be provided with the sintering hopper 2 of tool certain air permeability of some amount and the rail mounted material containing car 3 that is complementary with the burner hearth of described charing body of heater 1, sintering hopper 2(is made by stainless material) be placed in the described rail mounted material containing car 3; The gas line 16 that described heating unit comprises the flame gun that is laid in the charing burner hearth of the furnace body, be communicated with described flame gun and fuel gas source (methane-generating pit, gas-holder), and with described flame gun 13,14,15 and the combustion-supporting air pipe 12 that is communicated with of combustion-supporting source of the gas; Described flue dust collecting processing unit comprises spray collector, collection sewage lagoon 22, and described spray collector comprises induced draft fan 23, spray column 8, the circulating water pool 20 that joins successively; Tail end at rail mounted material containing car 3 is provided with muffle firebreak 4, and its head end is provided with the fire door 5 that the import with charing body of heater 1 is complementary; 5 are provided with large observation window 7 and the little viewing window 6 of being convenient to observe the hearth combustion situation on fire door; Sidewall at the charing body of heater is provided with thermometer hole 19, is convenient to the temperature in the thermometer monitoring burner hearth; Be provided with the breather hole of suitable number at the top cover of described sintering hopper, thereby can make the utilization of burning in the burner hearth to the sintering hopper of overflowing of the inflammable gas that produces in the sintering hopper and tar.The design parameter of each parts is as follows:
(1) tunnel oven charing body of heater: outside body of heater adopts steel construction, and inboard wall of furnace body adopts refractory brick to be built into, and thermal insulation layer is made of the cotton heat insulating filler that waits of pyroceram; The burner hearth effective dimensions is 300 * 90 * 80cm;
(2) sintering hopper: made by 304,316L high temperature resistant stainless steel, box sizes is 75 * 48 * 60cm, volume 0.216m
3Fill compacting and can load 45 jin, a traditional unit of weight of straw, 35 jin, a traditional unit of weight of straws, 45 jin, a traditional unit of weight in rice husk paddy.Totally 10 of sintering hoppers for two batches of chargings, are delivered by rail mounted material containing car;
(3) combustion gas (biogas) used of pyrolysis is by pipeline, and one is communicated with methane-generating pit, and the other end is communicated with spray gun, and weather gage is housed between connecting tube, and the valve that separates with biogas storage tank has been installed;
(4) fire box temperature observation: because being limited to funds, the continuous monitoring device of fire box temperature is not installed, but is passed through the aperture of body of heater blowing air, insert thermometer not timing observation.
(5) spray column of the flue dust collecting processing unit non-flammable cigarette ash (particulate charcoal) of collect discharging and a small amount of tar of falling at the burner hearth unburn, filtering net is equipped with in the outlet of spray column, fine particle cigarette ash and tar enter sewage lagoon, tar can irregularly be collected and add again burning in the stove, and spray-water is per hour 50 liters.
Utilize above-mentioned straw carbonizing apparatus to carry out the method for straw charring, may further comprise the steps:
(1) fills up in the sintering hopper and treat charing stalk and compacting, then after the sintering hopper that will fill stalk is piled up in described rail mounted material containing car, again this rail mounted material containing car is changed in the burner hearth of described charing body of heater, and make between sintering hopper and the burner hearth wall and leave certain gap;
(2) airtight charing body of heater is supplied with combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas via the gas line in the heating unit and combustion-supporting air pipe to described flame gun, and via the spray combustion heating in the burner hearth of described flame gun, make be warming up to 500 ± 20 ℃ in the burner hearth after insulation pyrolysis 7～8 hours; In the heat temperature raising process, regulate gradually the gas flow enter in the burner hearth, cure to take full advantage of stalk, combustiblematerials CO, the H of the spontaneous generation of pyrolysis
2, methane, ethane, propane and tar makes fuel; Take continuous pyrolysis as best, but fuel saving, saving of labor; During continuously carbonizing, when fire box temperature is down to 400 ℃, switch the second batch charging box, can finish charing in 6 hours, first charging box of taking-up sprays with cold water, makes it to be down to rapidly below 100 ℃, in order to avoid black wood charcoal spontaneous combustion in the case; Switch for the third time, can finish charing in 5 hours; Can produce 3 batches of black wood charcoals in 24 hours.
(3) flue dust of burner hearth internal combustion generation enters the flue dust collecting processing unit, reclaims tar, depositing dust purifying treatment, and vent gas treatment is up to standard rear emptying; Tar after reclaiming is delivered to the utilization of burning in the burner hearth of charing body of heater;
(4) under the oxygen free condition to behind described sintering hopper forced cooling or the naturally cooling.
With 100,000 kilograms of stalks of year pyrolysis, utilize said apparatus and explained hereafter 3300kg black wood charcoal to be target.Produce the 800kg stalk per year with every mu of two season of rice wheat and calculate, by the straw carbonizing apparatus of this scale, can consume the stalk of 125 mu of farmland outputs every year.
Auxiliary construction 800m
3Methane-generating pit and 600m
3Gas-holder, a day gas supply capacity is 200m
3200 cubes of biogas can consume again 110,000 kilograms of stalks.Utilize stalk to produce biogas, not only consumed a large amount of stalks, and animal excrements, human excrement, the rural area solid life refuse can together drop into methane-generating pit, as gas exhausted material, thereby greatly improves life in the countryside and production environment.The stalk pyrolysis oven of this scale and production can consume the above biological straw of about 200,000 kg every year for the biogas of pyrolysis.
When temperature was lower than 25 ℃, the waste heat that can utilize carbonizing apparatus to produce by specially designed pipeline heating natural pond liquid, made the methane-generating pit temperature remain on 25～30 ℃, thereby greatly increases gas production rate.
Although, above with a general description of the specific embodiments the utility model having been done detailed description, on the utility model basis, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements on the basis of not departing from the utility model spirit all belong to the claimed scope of the utility model.
Claims (7)
1. straw carbonizing apparatus, comprise tunnel-kiln type charing body of heater, heating unit, flue dust collecting processing unit, it is characterized in that, also be provided with the sintering hopper of some amount tool certain air permeability with cover and the rail mounted material containing car that is complementary with the burner hearth of described charing body of heater, described sintering hopper is placed in the described rail mounted material containing car; The gas line that described heating unit comprises the flame gun that is laid in the charing burner hearth of the furnace body, be communicated with described flame gun and fuel gas source, and combustion-supporting air pipe that described flame gun and combustion-supporting source of the gas are communicated with.
2. straw carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described flue dust collecting processing unit comprises spray collector, collection sewage lagoon, and described spray collector comprises induced draft fan, spray column, the circulating water pool that joins successively.
3. straw carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with the muffle firebreak at the tail end of described rail mounted material containing car, and its head end is provided with the fire door that the import with the charing body of heater is complementary.
4. straw carbonizing apparatus according to claim 3 is characterized in that, at the sidewall of described charing body of heater or/and described fire door is provided with viewing window.
5. straw carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with thermo detector or temperature sensor in the burner hearth of described charing body of heater.
6. straw carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described sintering hopper and lid thereof are made by heat conduction and resistant to elevated temperatures material; At the sidewall of described sintering hopper or/and top cover is provided with breather hole or the ventilative slit of some amount.
7. straw carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described fuel gas source comprises methane-generating pit, corresponding to the gas-holder of methane-generating pit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012203742391U CN202808711U (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | Straw carbonizing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012203742391U CN202808711U (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | Straw carbonizing device |
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| CN202808711U true CN202808711U (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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| CN2012203742391U Expired - Lifetime CN202808711U (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | Straw carbonizing device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102863975A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2013-01-09 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Device and method for carbonizing straw |
| CN103529192A (en) * | 2013-10-26 | 2014-01-22 | 西南交通大学 | Shield tunnel prototype segment carbonization test device |
-
2012
- 2012-07-31 CN CN2012203742391U patent/CN202808711U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102863975A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2013-01-09 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Device and method for carbonizing straw |
| CN103529192A (en) * | 2013-10-26 | 2014-01-22 | 西南交通大学 | Shield tunnel prototype segment carbonization test device |
| CN103529192B (en) * | 2013-10-26 | 2015-06-24 | 西南交通大学 | Shield tunnel prototype segment carbonization test device |
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Granted publication date: 20130320 |
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