CN217053110U - Sound barrier with non-uniform sound absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sound barrier with inhomogeneous acoustic absorber, this acoustic absorber include acoustic baffle and outer screen body. The outer screen body comprises a sound facing surface and a back sound surface, and the sound facing surface and the back sound surface are respectively arranged on two sides of the sound absorption plate. The sound-receiving surface and the sound-back surface are provided with a plurality of through holes, the sizes of the through holes are gradually increased from bottom to top, the porosity of the through holes at the upper part of the sound-receiving surface is greater than that of the through holes at the lower part of the sound-receiving surface, and the amplification effect of noise on the outer screen body is suppressed by adopting the mode. The sound absorption plate in the sound absorber is provided with the small wedges, so that sound waves are efficiently absorbed and suppressed.

Description

Sound barrier with non-uniform sound absorber

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of making an uproar falls in the environmental protection, concretely relates to environmental protection noise reduction system, more specifically relates to a sound barrier with inhomogeneous sound absorber.

Background

Air noise, vibration noise, friction noise and the like can be generated on the rail transit ground or overhead lines, urban roads and fast-running vehicles; industrial equipment is also prone to generate a series of noises due to vibration and the like during operation. Noise has a series of influences on surrounding residents or people in the environment or animals sensitive to noise, and light people can irritate the mood of people or animals and are difficult to sleep and eat, and the noise of rail transit is controlled and reduced because the noise has great influence on the health of the people or the animals in the environment for a long time, which is a problem that needs to be solved urgently in real life, and the noise reduction is realized by adopting a mode of arranging a sound barrier.

A sound barrier is a device which is inserted between a sound source and a receiver, so that sound waves are transmitted with a remarkable additional attenuation, and the noise influence in a certain area where the receiver is located is weakened. In this shadow region, one may perceive that the noise is significantly reduced, which is the noise reduction effect of the sound barrier. The sound barrier plays an especially important role in daily life of people, and is particularly used in places such as rail transit, industrial equipment, highways, expressways and the like.

In the prior art, a sound-absorbing body sound-insulating barrier is generally formed by installing a sound-absorbing material in a porous box-packed panel, assisting a framework and fixing parts, wherein the sound-absorbing body is generally uniform fiber or porous material with equal thickness, and the surface of the panel is generally in a uniform open pore form.

Wherein, the acoustic absorber comprises the acoustic baffle and the outer screen body that are an interface, rectangle structure, and is better at non-edge part sound absorption effect, but screen body edge is because the restraint that the air molecule of vibration received returns to zero suddenly, and the vibration of air molecule can aggravate suddenly, leads to the noise to produce the edge and enlargies the effect for the noise reduction effect that originally should be is reduced, so noise reduction effect often is not ideal enough.

Based on the above reasons, the inventor of the present invention has made intensive studies on the existing noise reduction mode, especially on the noise reduction mode and structure of the noise barrier, so as to design a noise barrier with a non-uniform sound absorber.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the above problems, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to design a sound barrier with a non-uniform sound absorber including a sound-absorbing panel and an outer shield. The outer screen body comprises a sound facing surface and a back sound surface, and the sound facing surface and the back sound surface are respectively arranged on two sides of the sound absorption plate. The noise suppression device is characterized in that a plurality of through holes are arranged on the sound-facing surface and the sound-backing surface, the sizes of the through holes are gradually increased from bottom to top, the porosity of the through holes in the upper part of the sound-facing surface is larger than that of the through holes in the lower part of the sound-facing surface, and the mode is adopted to suppress the amplification effect of noise on the outer screen body. Set up small-size wedge on the acoustic baffle of sound absorber inside for the sound wave is absorbed and is restrained by the high efficiency, based on this purpose, thereby accomplishes the utility model discloses.

Particularly, the utility model aims at providing following aspect:

a sound barrier with non-uniform sound absorber, the sound barrier comprising a sound absorbing panel and an outer screen;

the sound absorption plate comprises a substrate and a wedge arranged on the substrate;

wherein, the outer screen body comprises a sound facing surface and a back sound surface which are respectively arranged at the two sides of the sound absorption plate.

Wherein, through holes are arranged on the sound facing surface and the back sound surface.

Preferably, the structural size of the through hole is gradually increased from bottom to top on the sound-facing surface.

The porosity of the through holes at the upper part of the sound-facing surface is greater than that of the through holes at the lower part of the sound-facing surface.

The wedge is arranged on one side of the substrate, which is adjacent to the sound-facing surface.

Preferably, the wedges are densely arranged on the substrate of the sound absorption plate;

wherein, on the vertical section perpendicular to the sound-facing surface, the section shape of the wedge is like a triangle.

Preferably, the wedge has an elongated or pyramidal shape as a whole.

Wherein, the thickness of the substrate of the sound absorption board is gradually reduced from bottom to top.

Wherein, inside the outer screen body, the outside of the sound absorption plate is coated with a ventilating and watertight protective cover body.

The utility model discloses can reach following beneficial effect:

(1) according to the sound barrier with the non-uniform sound absorber provided by the utility model, a good sound absorption effect is achieved by setting parameters such as a proper sound absorbing plate material, wedge length and the like;

(2) according to the sound barrier with the non-uniform sound absorber provided by the utility model, the sound absorber is wrapped with the protective cover body, the protective cover is air-permeable and waterproof, and can prevent light such as ultraviolet rays and the like from irradiating and prevent the sound absorber from aging;

(3) according to the utility model provides a pair of sound barrier with inhomogeneous sound absorber, the preparation is exquisite, transportation, simple to operate, and the cost is low, and long service life, the noise control of specially adapted elevated highway and city light rail, subway uses.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of a sound barrier with a non-uniform sound absorber according to the present invention;

fig. 2 shows a schematic view of an outer screen structure of a sound barrier with non-uniform sound absorbers according to the present invention;

fig. 3 shows a schematic side view of an outer screen of a sound barrier with non-uniform sound absorbers according to the present invention;

fig. 4 shows a preferred embodiment according to the present invention: the side view structure schematic diagram of the inner sound absorber;

fig. 5 shows a preferred embodiment according to the present invention: a schematic three-dimensional structure of the sound absorber;

fig. 6 shows a preferred embodiment according to the present invention: a schematic three-dimensional structure of the sound absorber;

fig. 7 shows a preferred embodiment according to the present invention: the side view structure schematic diagram of the inner sound absorber;

fig. 8 shows a preferred embodiment according to the present invention: the inner sound absorber is in side view structure schematic.

The reference numbers illustrate:

1-Sound absorbing Panel

11-substrate

12-wedge

2-cavity

3-outer screen body

31-sound-facing surface

32-sound back surface

4-through hole

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description.

The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.

According to the utility model, a sound barrier with non-uniform sound absorbers is provided, which comprises a sound absorption plate 1 and an outer screen body 3; the outer screen body 3 comprises a sound facing surface 31 and a sound backing surface 32, and the sound facing surface 31 and the sound backing surface 32 are respectively arranged on two sides of the sound absorption plate 1, as shown in fig. 1.

According to the present invention, the sound absorption panel 1 of the sound barrier comprises a base plate 11 and wedges 12 provided on the base plate 11, as shown in fig. 4-6.

The utility model discloses in, reach good sound absorption effect through setting up parameters such as suitable acoustic baffle material, wedge length.

According to the utility model discloses, noise can take place reflection, transmission, three kinds of phenomena of diffraction if meet the sound-facing surface 31 of the outer screen body 3 on the way in the propagation, then has formed the sound shadow district in the certain distance range behind one's back at sound-facing surface 31.

Generally, sound frequencies are divided into high, medium and low frequencies. The high-frequency sound and sound shadow area is large and short in wavelength, so that the high-frequency sound and sound shadow area is most easily blocked; secondly, the outer screen body 3 has good sound insulation and attenuation effects on high-frequency sound and plays a certain role in the medium-frequency sound; the sound transmission plate 1 has good sound insulation attenuation effects on middle and low frequencies.

The utility model discloses in, on the sound-facing surface 31, from up down, through-hole 4's structure size crescent, and the porosity of through-hole 4 on upper portion is greater than the porosity of through-hole 4 of sound-facing surface 31 lower part. In this way the amplification effect of noise at the outer screen body is suppressed as shown in fig. 2.

According to the utility model discloses, through setting up through-hole 4 on the 3 surfaces of the external screen body, make sound wave and air particle pass through, when the sound wave frequency of external incident sound and the vibration frequency of meeting sound face 31 coincide, the air column in through-hole 4 can be because resonance produces violent resonance, in the vibration, air column and the friction of the 4 lateral walls of through-hole consume some sonic energy. The back sound surface 32 with the same structure as the sound-facing surface 31 is arranged on the right side of the sound absorption plate 1, so that sound waves can be absorbed more highly.

The utility model discloses in, for the live time of extension sound barrier, the material of the outer shield body 3 adopts the metal usually, preferredly, chooses for use the alloy, and not only the low price has good corrosion resistance, weatherability moreover, has the fireproof effect simultaneously.

According to the utility model, when the through holes 4 of the sound-facing surface 31 and the sound-back surface 32 are arranged, various regular or irregular shapes or combinations of shapes such as triangle, circle and rectangle can be arranged, and the shapes can be any shapes; when the through-holes 4 are provided, they may be provided in parallel in the horizontal direction of the axis, or inclined downward and outward in the axis.

According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the direction of the hole of the through-hole 4 is set to incline downward and outward along the axis. Therefore, in rainy and snowy weather, because the hole of the through hole 4 is arranged to be inclined downwards and outwards along the axis, water and snow can not be accumulated, the outer screen body 3 is better protected, the service life of the outer screen body 3 is prolonged, and the outer screen body is more corrosion-resistant and weather-resistant, as shown in fig. 3.

The utility model discloses in, the material of acoustic baffle plays irreplaceable effect to noise reduction effect, and important effect shows: shortening and adjusting reverberation time; controlling reflected sound; eliminating echo; improve sound quality, change sound field distribution and for noise control.

According to the action of the sound absorption material, the sound absorption coefficient is high when the sound absorption material is selected; the sound absorption frequency band is wide; the durability of the material is good, and the decorative, fireproof, insect-proof, light and damp-proof principles of the material are adopted.

Therefore, the sound absorption material generally adopts a porous sound absorption material, and the porosity of the sound absorption material can reach 90%; meanwhile, the pores are required to be as fine and uniform as possible, so that the specific surface area of the tendons in the material is large, and the absorption of sound energy is facilitated. Such as glass wool, slag wool, polyester fiber, phenolic glass fiber, polyurethane foam, polyaldehyde foam, and the like. The sound absorption material is provided with a large number of tiny intermittent and continuous holes which are communicated with the inside and the outside, and has air permeability, when sound waves are incident on the surface of the material, the sound waves quickly enter the inside of the material along the micropores, air vibration among gaps is caused, and a part of sound energy is converted into heat energy due to friction and is absorbed.

Generally, the thickness of the material is increased, so that the sound absorption effect of low frequency can be improved; meanwhile, under a certain condition, the sound absorption performance of low and medium frequency can be improved by increasing the density.

In the present invention, the wedge 12 is disposed on one side adjacent to the sound-receiving surface 31. The wedge 12 is gradually changed by utilizing the special impedance, the characteristic impedance of the end surface of the wedge 12 is close to the characteristic impedance of air, and the characteristic impedance is gradually transited to be close to the characteristic impedance of the sound absorption material, so that the highest sound absorption effect is achieved.

For sound frequency, the outer screen body 3 has a good sound insulation and attenuation effect on high-frequency sound, and plays a certain role in intermediate frequency sound; the incident sound waves and the micropores of the substrate 11 of the sound absorption plate 1 generate resonance absorption, so that the sound absorption effect is achieved, and the sound insulation and attenuation effect on the intermediate frequency sound is better; for low-frequency sound generated in an acoustic shadow area formed behind the sound absorption plate 1, the wavelength is long, the low-frequency sound is completely coiled around the sound barrier, the low-frequency sound is most easily diffracted, incident sound waves can penetrate through the sound absorption wedges 12 or can be diffracted to the back of the wedges 12 through the periphery, the wedges 12 absorb the sound for multiple times through refraction and reflection and then are absorbed by the sound absorption plate 1, the noise reduction effect is achieved, and therefore the sound absorption performance of the wedges 12 on the low-frequency sound is good.

According to the utility model discloses, wedge 12 is densely arranged on the base plate 11 of acoustic baffle 1, and the purpose is for better faster absorbing the low frequency sound, reaches the effect of noise attenuation.

The utility model discloses in, preferably, on the vertical cross-section of perpendicular to sound-facing surface 31, wedge 12's cross sectional shape is triangle-shaped, multiplicable effective sound absorption surface area to make the sound wave easily get into material depths, thereby improve sound absorption performance.

According to the utility model discloses preferred embodiment, the thickness of the base plate 11 of acoustic baffle 1 is supreme reducing gradually from the bottom down.

According to the utility model discloses, inhomogeneous acoustic absorber, so-called inhomogeneous main body is appearing adding the pressure differential on acoustic baffle 1 both sides when, and the air current linear velocity through sound absorbent changes.

The thickness of the substrate 11 of the sound-absorbing panel 1 is gradually reduced from bottom to top, and the airflow linear velocity increases as the lower portion of the sound-absorbing panel 1 goes upward. The larger the airflow linear velocity is, the smaller the flow resistance is, so that the larger the airflow linear velocity of the unit air passing through the sound absorption plate 1 is, and the better sound insulation attenuation effect is achieved.

Of course, the linear velocity of the air flow can be changed by changing the material density of the sound absorption plate 1, the material surface density of the upper part of the sound absorption plate 1 is designed to be smaller than the material surface density of the lower part of the sound absorption plate 1, the smaller the surface density is, the larger the porosity is, the larger the air flow rate per unit pressure difference is, and the larger the linear velocity of the air flow is.

Through the change of areal density or 1 thickness of acoustic baffle, control air current linear velocity realizes that the lower part flow resistance is greater than the upper portion flow resistance in this application to reach better sound insulation decay effect.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the substrate 11 of the sound absorption plate 1 is gradually reduced from bottom to top, and is trapezoidal, so that the airflow linear velocity is gradually increased from bottom to top, and a better sound insulation attenuation effect can be achieved.

In a preferred embodiment, the wedges 12 are densely distributed on the substrate 11 of the sound absorption plate 1, the wedges 12 are arranged on one side adjacent to the sound-facing surface 31, the part between the sound absorption plate 1 and the sound-facing surface 31 is the cavity 2, and after the cavity 2 is arranged, the effect of the cavity is equivalent to increasing the effective thickness of the sound absorption material to form an air layer, so that the sound absorption performance is remarkably improved, and the sound absorption plate has a certain sound absorption effect on middle-high frequency and even low frequency; by utilizing the cavity 2 between the sound absorption plate 1 and the sound-facing surface 31, the low-frequency sound absorption coefficient can be improved, and the sound absorption material can be saved.

In a preferred embodiment, by arranging the variable flow resistance layered sound absorption material or the sound absorption wedges 12 on the sound absorption plate 1 inside the sound barrier, on one hand, the air molecules which vibrate are enabled to generate a transition effect, and on the other hand, the sound absorption effect of the wedges 12 is utilized, so that the sound waves are absorbed and suppressed efficiently, as shown in fig. 4.

The utility model discloses in, porous sound absorbing material is because of its material is soft, and intensity and rigidity are lower, especially fibrous material, like glass cotton, rock wool, slag wool etc. in order to prevent that the fibre from scattering and the surface decoration effect, often need cover the one deck protecting hood body on the surface of material, inside the outer screen body 3 promptly, have ventilative waterproof protecting hood body in the outside cladding of acoustic baffle 1.

Preferably, the protective cover body must be made of a material with good air permeability to prevent air holes from being blocked. Meanwhile, the protective cover body is not only breathable and impermeable, but also can prevent ultraviolet rays and other light rays and prevent the sound absorption material from aging.

Preferably, a product having both sound-absorbing and decorative properties is formed before the materials of the shield body and the sound-absorbing panel 1 are compounded.

Preferably, the wedge 12 is elongated in its entirety. The sound absorbing board wedges 12 are made of good sound absorbing materials to form the wedges 12, so that sound is reflected for multiple times between two adjacent wedges 12, most of the sound is absorbed in multiple reflection, the wedges 12 are mainly used for meeting the free sound field of an anechoic chamber, the characteristic of strong absorption required by each interface can be met, and meanwhile, materials can be saved, as shown in fig. 5.

More preferably, the entirety of the wedge 12 is pyramid-shaped, as shown in fig. 6.

In another preferred embodiment, in a vertical cross section perpendicular to the sound-facing surface 31, the cross section of the wedge 12 is in a small wave shape, and the small wave-shaped wedge 12 has a slight influence on high-frequency sound and a small influence on low-frequency sound absorption compared with the wedge 12 with a triangular cross section, as shown in fig. 7.

The lowest frequency of sound absorption of wedge 12 is related to the sound transmitting material, the shape and size of wedge 12. The high sound absorption coefficient of wedge 12 is due to: firstly, the contact sound wave area is large; secondly, sound waves are incident on the wedges 12, one part of the sound waves enter the sound absorption material to be absorbed, the other part of the reflected sound waves are incident on the surface of the sound absorption material of the wedges 12, and the entering part of the sound waves is mostly absorbed … … to circulate.

In another preferred embodiment, the shape of the cross section of the wedge 12 in a vertical section perpendicular to the sound-facing surface 31 is wavy, as shown in fig. 8.

To sum up, the utility model discloses the beneficial effect who gains can be summarized as follows:

(1) according to the sound barrier with the non-uniform sound absorber provided by the utility model, a good sound absorption effect is achieved by setting parameters such as a proper sound absorbing plate material and wedge length, so that the noise reduction effect of the whole sound barrier is more excellent;

(2) according to the sound barrier with the non-uniform sound absorber provided by the utility model, the noise amplification effect at the edge is inhibited by setting the mode of gradual change of the surface aperture ratio of the outer screen body;

(3) according to the utility model provides a pair of sound barrier with inhomogeneous sound absorber, the preparation is exquisite, transportation, simple to operate, long service life.

The present invention has been described above in connection with preferred embodiments, which are merely exemplary and illustrative. On this basis, can be right the utility model discloses carry out multiple replacement and improvement, these all fall into the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (9)

1. A sound barrier with non-uniform sound absorption, characterized in that the sound barrier comprises a sound absorption panel (1) and an outer screen body (3);

the sound absorption plate (1) comprises a substrate (11) and a wedge (12) arranged on the substrate (11);

the outer screen body (3) comprises a sound facing surface (31) and a back sound surface (32) which are respectively arranged on two sides of the sound absorption plate (1).

2. Sound barrier with non-uniform sound absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that through-holes (4) are provided on both the sound-facing side (31) and the sound-backing side (32).

3. Sound barrier with non-uniform sound absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that the structural size of the through-holes (4) on the sound-facing side (31) increases from bottom to top.

4. Sound barrier with non-uniform sound absorption according to claim 3, characterized in that the porosity of the through-holes (4) in the upper part of the sound-facing surface (31) is greater than the porosity of the through-holes (4) in the lower part of the sound-facing surface (31).

5. The sound barrier with non-uniform sound absorber as recited in claim 1,

the wedge (12) is arranged on one side of the substrate (11) adjacent to the sound facing surface (31).

6. The sound barrier with non-uniform sound absorber as recited in claim 5,

the wedges (12) are densely distributed on the substrate (11) of the sound absorption plate (1);

on a vertical section perpendicular to the sound-facing surface (31), the section of the wedge (12) is triangular.

7. The sound barrier with non-uniform sound absorber as recited in claim 6,

the wedge (12) is in a long strip shape or a pyramid shape as a whole.

8. Sound barrier with non-uniform sound absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the base plate (11) of the sound absorption panel (1) is decreasing from bottom to top.

9. Sound barrier with non-uniform sound absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that inside the outer screen body (3), outside the sound absorption panel (1) is coated with a gas-permeable, water-impermeable protective cover.

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