CN217006747U - Device for measuring Young modulus of metal wire by gear method - Google Patents
Device for measuring Young modulus of metal wire by gear method Download PDFInfo
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- CN217006747U CN217006747U CN202220722825.4U CN202220722825U CN217006747U CN 217006747 U CN217006747 U CN 217006747U CN 202220722825 U CN202220722825 U CN 202220722825U CN 217006747 U CN217006747 U CN 217006747U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for measuring Young modulus of a metal wire by a gear method, which comprises a base, wherein a support is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base, a support top plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support, the metal wire is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the support top plate, a tray is fixedly connected to the lower end of the metal wire, a plurality of groove codes are placed on the tray, the length change of the metal wire can be accurately and visually obtained by observing the rotating length of an outer wheel of a gear B, the reading is accurate and stable, even if the metal wire and the groove codes slightly shake, the reading cannot be greatly influenced, the reading can be more accurate, the integral structure principle is simple, and the device is popular, easy to operate and worthy of popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of experimental devices, in particular to a device for measuring Young modulus of a metal wire by a gear method.
Background
When the original length of the wire with uniform thickness is L and the cross-sectional area is S, and the length of the wire is changed by delta x after force F is applied along the length direction, the vertical acting force F/S applied to the unit area of the wire is called normal stress, and the relative elongation delta x/L of the wire is called linear strain. The experimental results indicate that in the elastic range, the normal stress of an object is proportional to the linear strain as known from Hooke's law, i.e.
The proportionality coefficient Y is Young's modulus of elasticity, abbreviated as Young's modulus. In its characterization of the material itself, the larger the Y material, the greater the force per cross-sectional area required to cause a certain relative deformation. The international unit system of Y is pascal and is marked as Pa (1Pa ═ 1N/m)2)。
And Δ x is a small change in length (in this experiment, the corresponding Δ x is about 0.3mm per 1kg change in F when L ≈ 1 m). Therefore, the experiment utilizes the optical amplification effect of the optical lever to realize the indirect measurement of the tiny elongation delta x of the steel wire.
However, in the actual measurement process, because the metal wire and the slot code below the metal wire are difficult to keep stable, the projected cursor is fluctuated up and down, left and right, accurate reading is difficult to achieve, and experimental errors are generated. There is therefore a need for a more accurate, efficient and stable method of measuring wire elongation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the utility model provides the device for measuring the Young modulus of the metal wire by the gear method, and the change of the elongation of the metal wire can be intuitively and accurately obtained by observing the scale change on the gear, so that the reading can be more accurate.
Technical scheme
A device for measuring Young modulus of a metal wire by a gear method comprises a base, wherein a support is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base, a gear A support is fixedly connected to the middle of the support, one end, far away from the support, of the gear A support is rotatably connected with a gear A inner wheel and a gear A outer wheel, the gear A inner wheel is fixedly connected with the gear A outer wheel, a first pull wire is wound on the gear A inner wheel, the lower end of the first pull wire is fixedly connected with a heavy object, a second pull wire is further fixedly connected to the heavy object, the second pull wire is parallel to the first pull wire, the point of the second pull wire, which is fixed with the heavy object, is the same point, namely the lower ends of the second pull wire and the first pull wire are fixedly connected to the gravity center of the heavy object, the gear A outer wheel is meshed with a gear B inner wheel, and the rear side of the gear B inner wheel is fixedly connected with a gear B outer wheel, the upper end fixedly connected with support roof of support, the fixed wire that is provided with on the lower surface of support roof, the lower extreme fixedly connected with tray of wire, a plurality of groove yards have been placed on the tray, the lower extreme of tray with the other end fixed connection of second acting as go-between, the downside of heavy object is provided with the platform, the platform pass through screw fixed connection in the support, be fixed with gear B support on the platform, the upper end of gear B support is rotated and is connected with gear B foreign steamer with wheel B in the gear B, the upper end of gear B support is fixedly connected with the pointer still.
Preferably, the gear a inner wheel and the gear a outer wheel are fixed together by welding, and the gear B inner wheel and the gear B outer wheel are fixed together by welding.
Preferably, the edge of the outer wheel of the gear B is provided with a scale, and the scale represents the length of the edge point of the outer wheel of the gear B, namely the arc length of the rotation.
Preferably, the gear a outer wheel and the gear B inner wheel are in meshed link without slipping.
Preferably, the diameter of the gear a outer wheel is much larger than the diameter of the gear a inner wheel, and the diameter of the gear B outer wheel is much larger than the diameter of the gear B inner wheel.
Preferably, the platform is capable of moving up and down and adjusting position under the cooperation of the screws.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
the reading is accurate and stable, and even if the metal wire and the groove code slightly shake, the reading is not greatly influenced; the scale through observing the gear can be directly perceived accurate the change that reachs the wire elongation for the reading can be more accurate, simultaneously theoretically, the magnification that this method can reach through the regulation to each gear radius proportion does not have the upper limit, and holistic structural principle is simple moreover, and is popular easily to be expert easily to be operated, is worth promoting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring Young's modulus of a metal wire by a gear method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of gear engagement of the device for measuring Young's modulus of metal wire by the gear method.
Reference numerals: 1. the gear B support, 2, a gear B outer wheel, 3, a weight, 4, a pointer, 5, scales, 6, a gear B inner wheel, 7, a gear A inner wheel, 8, a gear A outer wheel, 9, a tray, 10, a groove code, 11, a metal wire, 12, a support top plate, 13, a support, 14, a gear A support, 15, a platform, 16, a screw, 17, a base, 18, a second pull wire, 19 and a first pull wire;
R1outer wheel radius of gear A, R2Outer wheel radius of gear B, r1Inner wheel radius of gear A, r2Inner wheel radius of gear B, theta1Angle of rotation of gear A, theta2The rotation angle of the gear B, the downward moving distance of the weight X, and the rotation arc length of the gear B.
Detailed Description
For a better illustration of the utility model, reference is made to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples:
as shown in fig. 1-2, a device for measuring young's modulus of metal wire by gear method comprises a base 17, a support 13 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 17, a gear a support 14 is fixedly connected to the middle of the support 13, a gear a inner wheel 7 and a gear a outer wheel 8 are rotatably connected to one end of the gear a support 14 away from the support 13, the gear a inner wheel 7 is fixedly connected to the gear a outer wheel 8, a first pull wire 19 is wound around the gear a inner wheel 7, a weight 3 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first pull wire 19, a second pull wire 18 is further fixedly connected to the weight 3, the second pull wire 18 is parallel to the first pull wire 19 and is at the same point as the point of the weight 3, i.e. the second pull wire 18 and the lower end of the first pull wire 19 are both fixedly connected to the center of gravity of the weight 3, and the gear a inner wheel 6 is engaged with the gear a outer wheel 8, wheel 6 rear side fixedly connected with gear B foreign steamer 2 in the gear B, the upper end fixedly connected with support roof 12 of support 13, the fixed wire 11 that is provided with on the lower surface of support roof 12, the lower extreme fixedly connected with tray 9 of wire 11, a plurality of groove sign indicating number 10 have been placed on the tray 9, the lower extreme of tray 9 with the other end fixed connection of second stay wire 18, the downside of heavy object 3 is provided with platform 15, platform 15 through screw 16 fixed connection in support 13, be fixed with gear B support 1 on the platform 15, the upper end of gear B support 1 rotates and is connected with gear B foreign steamer 2 with wheel 6 in the gear B, the upper end of gear B support 1 still fixedly connected with pointer 4.
Preferably, the gear a inner wheel 7 and the gear a outer wheel 8 are fixed together by welding, and the gear B inner wheel 6 and the gear B outer wheel 2 are fixed together by welding.
Preferably, the edge of the outer wheel 2 of the gear B is provided with a scale, which is expressed by the length of the turning of the edge point of the outer wheel of the gear B, i.e. the length of the turning arc.
Preferably, the gear a outer wheel 8 and the gear B inner wheel 6 are in meshed link and no slip occurs.
Preferably, the diameter of the gear a outer wheel 8 is substantially greater than the diameter of the gear a inner wheel 7 and the diameter of the gear B outer wheel 2 is substantially greater than the diameter of the gear B inner wheel 6.
Preferably, the platform 15 can move up and down and adjust position under the cooperation of the screw 16.
It should be noted that the second pulling wire 18 is parallel to the first pulling wire 19 and the point where the second pulling wire 18 and the first pulling wire 19 are fixed to the weight 3 is the same point, that is, the lower ends of the second pulling wire 18 and the first pulling wire 19 are both fixedly connected to the center of gravity of the weight 3, and in fig. 1, in order to make the second pulling wire 18 and the first pulling wire 19 clearly appear and avoid overlapping and unclear, therefore, the second pulling wire 18 and the first pulling wire 19 are drawn separately and are actually overlapped in a close manner in use.
Specifically, when measurement is needed, the groove yard 10 is added on the tray 9, the weight 3 slightly moves downwards, the weight 3 moves downwards to cause the second pull wire 18 to move downwards, so that the weight of the weight 3 is completely born by the first pull wire 19, the first pull wire 19 pulls the gear a inner wheel 7 to rotate, the gear a inner wheel 7 rotates to sequentially drive the gear a outer wheel 8, the gear B inner wheel 6 and the gear B outer wheel 2 to rotate, after the gear rotates, the position of the weight 3 is maintained, and the scale indicated by the pointer 4 on the gear B outer wheel 2 is l at the moment1The position of the weight is x1；
Continue to add the slot code 10 and move the weight 3 down by deltax to x2The heavy object 3 will continue to drive the gear set to rotate, and the scale of the outer wheel 2 of the gear B will change from delta l to l2Then, the arc length of rotation of the wheel 7 in the gear a, that is, the amount of change in the elongation of the wire 11, is calculated from the ratio of the radii of the gears.
Under the radian system, if the central angle of the arc is theta, then there is a formula,
l＝R·θ (2)
set gear A outer wheel 8 radius R1Radius R of outer wheel 2 of gear B2Inner wheel 7 radius r of gear A1Radius r of inner wheel 6 of gear B2Angle of rotation theta of gear A1Angle of rotation theta of gear B2The outer wheel 8 of the gear A rotates over an arc length d1In the gear B, the inner wheel 6 rotates by the arc length d2。
Δl＝θ2·R2 (3)
When the gear A outer wheel 8 and the gear B inner wheel 6 rotate, the two gears roll relatively without sliding, so the linear velocities of all points of the two gears are the same, namely: the arc length passed by the two gears is equal in the same time.
d1＝d2 (4)
θ1·R1＝θ2·r2 (5)
Because the inner wheel and the outer wheel of the gear A and the gear B are welded, the inner rotation angle and the outer rotation angle of the two gears are equal, and deltax is the rotation length of the inner wheel of the gear A.
Δx＝θ1·r1 (6)
The formula (3), (5) and (6) can be used for arrangement,
where k is the magnification, when the two gears are the same size,
if the outer circle radius R of the two gears is 10cm and the inner circle radius R is 1cm, the magnification can reach 100 times theoretically.
Substituting the formula (7) into the Young's modulus formula (1) to obtain
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing illustrative embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model; the modifications and substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solution to depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A device for measuring Young modulus of metal wire by a gear method is characterized in that: the lifting device comprises a base (17), a support (13) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base (17), a gear A support (14) is fixedly connected to the middle of the support (13), one end, far away from the support (13), of the gear A support (14) is rotatably connected with a gear A inner wheel (7) and a gear A outer wheel (8), the gear A inner wheel (7) is fixedly connected with the gear A outer wheel (8), a first pull wire (19) is wound on the gear A inner wheel (7), a heavy object (3) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first pull wire (19), a second pull wire (18) is further fixedly connected to the heavy object (3), the second pull wire (18) is parallel to the first pull wire (19) and is the same point with the fixed point of the heavy object (3), namely, the lower ends of the second pull wire (18) and the first pull wire (19) are fixedly connected to the gravity center of the heavy object (3), the gear A outer wheel (8) is connected with a gear B inner wheel (6) in a meshed manner, the rear side of the gear B inner wheel (6) is fixedly connected with a gear B outer wheel (2), the upper end of the support (13) is fixedly connected with a support top plate (12), a metal wire (11) is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the support top plate (12), a tray (9) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the metal wire (11), a plurality of groove codes (10) are placed on the tray (9), the lower end of the tray (9) is fixedly connected with the other end of the second stay wire (18), a platform (15) is arranged on the lower side of the heavy object (3), the platform (15) is fixedly connected to the support (13) through a screw (16), a gear B support (1) is fixed on the platform (15), and the upper end of the gear B support (1) is rotatably connected with the gear B outer wheel (2) and the gear B inner wheel (6), the upper end of the gear B support (1) is also fixedly connected with a pointer (4).
2. The device for measuring Young's modulus of a metal wire by using the gear method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gear A inner wheel (7) and the gear A outer wheel (8) are fixed together through welding, and the gear B inner wheel (6) and the gear B outer wheel (2) are fixed together through welding.
3. The device for measuring Young's modulus of a metal wire by using the gear method as claimed in claim 2, wherein: scales are arranged on the edge of the gear B outer wheel (2), and the scales represent the length of the edge point of the gear B outer wheel, namely the arc length of the edge point.
4. The apparatus for measuring Young's modulus of a metal wire according to claim 3, wherein: the gear A outer wheel (8) and the gear B inner wheel (6) are meshed and linked without slipping.
5. The device for measuring Young's modulus of a metal wire by using the gear method as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the diameter of the gear A outer wheel (8) is much larger than that of the gear A inner wheel (7), and the diameter of the gear B outer wheel (2) is much larger than that of the gear B inner wheel (6).
6. The device for measuring Young's modulus of a metal wire by using the gear method as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the platform (15) can move up and down and adjust the position under the matching action of the screw (16).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220722825.4U CN217006747U (en) | 2022-03-30 | 2022-03-30 | Device for measuring Young modulus of metal wire by gear method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220722825.4U CN217006747U (en) | 2022-03-30 | 2022-03-30 | Device for measuring Young modulus of metal wire by gear method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN217006747U true CN217006747U (en) | 2022-07-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202220722825.4U Active CN217006747U (en) | 2022-03-30 | 2022-03-30 | Device for measuring Young modulus of metal wire by gear method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN217006747U (en) |
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