CN216993359U - Selective electromagnetic shielding/puncture-proof dual-function composite material - Google Patents
Selective electromagnetic shielding/puncture-proof dual-function composite material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a selective electromagnetic shielding/puncture-proof dual-function composite material. The composite material comprises a base layer, wherein at least one periodic conductive pattern layer is arranged on the base layer, at least one aramid fabric layer is arranged on the periodic conductive pattern layer, and at least one integral coating is arranged on the aramid fabric layer. The utility model utilizes the reasonable combination of the textile forming and processing technology, the local metallization processing technology and the coating technology to prepare the selective electromagnetic shielding/puncture-proof dual-function composite material, the selective electromagnetic shielding function and the puncture-proof function can be designed, and different multilayer structures can be adopted for reinforcement, the product has certain flexibility, flexibility and lightweight characteristics, and can be applied to products such as battlefield command tents, lightweight radar covers, individual protective clothing and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a selective electromagnetic shielding/puncture-proof dual-function composite material.
Background
For the electromagnetic performance research of textile materials, the electric conduction, the dielectric, the antistatic property, the electromagnetic shielding and other aspects are mostly focused, and the permeability of the textile materials to electromagnetic waves is less researched. In terms of processing technology, designers often perform coating finishing on textiles or process fibers with electromagnetic shielding function into fabrics to achieve the purpose of shielding electromagnetic waves, but how to achieve the function of selectively transmitting electromagnetic waves is not known. For example, the Chinese patent application CN200910054882.9 utilizes a chemical silver plating method to form a layer of silver on the surface of the polyester fabric, thereby endowing the fabric with electromagnetic shielding performance; the Chinese patent application CN200910048743.5 forms a layer of copper on the surface of the polyester fabric by using a chemical copper plating method, thereby endowing the fabric with electromagnetic shielding performance; in the Chinese patent 200810204134.X, permalloy and the fabric made of the yarn are interwoven to realize electromagnetic shielding; US19970943957 silver-coats chemical fiber filaments such as nylon to form conductive filament yarns, and then weaves the conductive filament yarns into highly conductive radiation-proof knitted fabric by using a knitted structure. It is easy to find that, in the prior art, the integral metal shielding structure is formed by using a certain processing means, and the prior art does not have a periodic conductive pattern, and cannot realize the characteristics of band-pass or band-stop.
In the aspect of the stab-resistant performance of textiles, researchers achieve the aim of stab resistance by using high-performance materials and structural design. For example, in Chinese patent CN106218143B, the arrangement mode of polyethylene fiber felt fibers woven by ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers is three-dimensionally and irregularly arranged to realize the stab-resistant function, 8-25 layers of thermosetting resin are used for impregnating the laminated structure of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber felt sheet, and the surface density of the laminated structure is less than 10000g/m2. The Chinese patent CN106881883B provides a processing device for three-dimensional negative Poisson's ratio fabric, and the manufactured laminated fabric has three-dimensional negative Poisson's ratio effect, has the integral effect of auxetic expansion in three directions, and can be used as functional textiles for buffering, bulletproof, stab-resistant and the like, or used for manufacturing protective articles for human bodies, common protective articles and the like. Chinese patent CN106003759B relates to a preparation process of a flexible bulletproof and stab-resistant structure, and the prepared product structure has excellent bulletproof and stab-resistant performance and improved flexibility performance by the steps of preparing a protective composite particle material, paving base cloth between two groups of injection molds of an injection molding machine, processing a flexible gap and the like. Chinese patent CN106120081B discloses a multi-layer multi-raw material flexible stab-resistant fabric, which has four layers in total, wherein each layer of fabric is plain weave, and the layers are connected with each other, so that the stab-resistant requirement can be met, and the fabric is light, soft and efficient, and solves the problem of insufficient comfort of the existing stab-resistant fabric.
For textiles with a single stab-resistant function, a plurality of patents are disclosed, but few patents are disclosed in the aspect of selective electromagnetic shielding/stab-resistant dual-function composite materials, so that the multi-function protection for different environmental conditions gradually becomes a new combat demand, and research and product development for compounding two functions are still in a blank stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a selective electromagnetic shielding/puncture-preventing bifunctional composite material, which solves the limitation of single performance of the existing protective functional textile.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
the selective electromagnetic shielding/puncture-preventing bifunctional composite material comprises a base layer, wherein at least one periodic conductive pattern layer is arranged on the base layer, at least one aramid fabric layer is arranged on the periodic conductive pattern layer, and at least one integral coating is arranged on the aramid fabric layer.
Further, the base layer is a flexible fabric layer.
The flexible fabric layer is made of textile materials such as cotton, hemp, wool, silk, terylene, chinlon, acrylon, viscose fiber and the like through pure spinning or blending.
The thickness of the flexible fabric layer is 0.1 mm-5 mm.
Further, the periodic conductive pattern layer is formed by repeatedly arranging a plurality of unit patterns.
The unit graph is in a circular shape, a square ring shape or a cross shape.
The thickness of the periodic conductive pattern layer is 20 to 150 μm.
Further, the thickness of the aramid fiber fabric layer is 0.1-5 mm.
Further, the integral coating is formed by coating hard SiC particles, resin, a shear thickening body and the like.
The thickness of the whole coating is 10 mu m-10 mm.
The selective electromagnetic shielding/puncture-proof bifunctional composite material can be prepared by the following method: and forming a periodic conductive pattern layer on the surface of the base layer by a local metallization processing method, thereby preparing the selective electromagnetic shielding fabric. Further, the selective electromagnetic shielding fabric and the high-performance aramid fabric are compounded to form the laminated fabric by adopting a sewing method or a hot-press bonding method. On the basis, the anti-stab function is realized by adopting the shear thickening body and fabric composite, the hard SiC particle coating and the thermoplastic resin periodic coating laminated fabric. The local metallization processing method can be a preparation method such as computer embroidery, conductive paint printing, laser etching of metal foil, hot stamping paper transfer printing, local electroplating, local chemical plating or local magnetron sputtering and the like.
The selective electromagnetic shielding/puncture-proof dual-function composite material is designed and produced by utilizing a mature textile forming process, a local metallization processing technology and a coating technology, and is convenient and flexible; different multilayer structures can be adopted to improve the protection function, and the selective electromagnetic shielding function and the stab-resistant function are better realized; the method has a wide application prospect in various fields, such as design and development of products such as battlefield command tents, flexible filters, individual protective clothing and the like, which are inseparable from the products.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a selective electromagnetic shielding/stab-resistant dual-functional composite material in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention; the composite material comprises a base layer 1, a conductive pattern layer 2 (patch type or aperture type frequency selective surface), an aramid fiber fabric layer 3 and a coating 4.
Fig. 2 is an electromagnetic transmission performance curve of the selective electromagnetic shielding/stab-resistant dual-functional composite material in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an electromagnetic transmission performance curve of the selective electromagnetic shielding/stab-resistant dual-functional composite material in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The utility model provides a difunctional combined material of selectivity electromagnetic shield/puncture-proof, includes basic unit 1, is equipped with one deck periodic conductive pattern layer 2 above 1 of basic unit at least, is equipped with one deck aramid fiber fabric layer 3 above periodic conductive pattern layer 2 at least, is equipped with one deck monolithic coating 4 above aramid fiber fabric layer 3 at least.
The base layer 1 is a flexible fabric layer. The flexible fabric layer is made of textile materials such as cotton, hemp, wool, silk, terylene, chinlon, acrylon, viscose fiber and the like through pure spinning or blending. The thickness of the flexible fabric layer is 0.1 mm-5 mm.
The periodic conductive pattern layer 2 is formed by repeatedly arranging a plurality of unit patterns. The unit graph is in a ring shape, a square ring shape or a cross shape. The thickness of the periodic conductive pattern layer is 20-150 μm.
The thickness of the aramid fabric layer 3 is 0.1 mm-5 mm.
The integral coating 4 is formed by coating hard SiC particles, resin, a shear thickening body and other materials. The thickness of the whole coating 4 is 10 μm to 10 mm.
In the following embodiments, the final product is prepared by forming periodic conductive patterns on the surface of the fabric by using computer embroidery and paint printing processes respectively, and then combining sewing and coating technologies.
The selective electromagnetic shielding fabric substrate selected in the embodiment 1 is wool-polyester blended serge (the proportion of the wool-polyester blended yarn is 70/30, the yarn count is 160 Dx 2/160 Dx2, the warp and weft density is 371 x 345, and the gram weight is 250 g/m)2The thickness of the fabric is 1.2mm, and the dielectric coefficient is 1.6); the selected polyester fabric with plain weave as the base material of the selective electromagnetic shielding fabric in example 2 was a polyester fabric (yarn count of 100D × 100D, warp and weft density of 106 × 106, and gram weight of 150g/m2The thickness of the fabric is 0.8mm, and the dielectric coefficient is 1.2). The sewing method is adopted to compound with the high-performance aramid fiber cloth, and the specification of the aramid fiber cloth is as follows: plain weave having a yarn count of 177D × 3/160D × 2, a warp and weft density of 435 × 87 and a grammage of 357g/m2The thickness of the fabric is 0.84mm, and the dielectric coefficient is 2.8). The conductive pattern is in a ring structure, the distance DX (DX) of the ring array period is equal to DY (DY) 12mm, the outer diameter R of the ring is equal to 5mm, and the inner diameter R is equal to 3 mm.
Example 1
Preparing selective electromagnetic shielding/stab-resistant dual-function composite material (using metal fiber computer embroidery to form frequency selective surface, using hard SiC particle coating technology to realize stab-resistant property)
(1) Selecting embroidery raw materials and a computer embroidery machine: the upper thread is silver-plated cotton conductive sewing thread (specification: 70D/4 before silver plating, 80D/4 after silver plating, conductivity of 8.8 × 10)6S/m), wherein the bottom thread is polyester sewing thread (the specification is 106 Dx 2), the fabric adhesive interlining is woven hot-melt adhesive interlining PA (the specification is 130 Dx 130D), and a 920-type largela embroidery machine is adopted for embroidering.
(2) Determining the pattern, designing and printing: according to the required periodic circular pattern, the pattern design is carried out in a computer embroidery pattern design system, a file is stored in a floppy disk and inserted into an embroidery machine to guide or excite the embroidery machine and an embroidery frame to carry out corresponding various movements.
(3) Selecting stitch and embroidery density: and (3) embroidering patterns by using a needle aligning method, controlling the needle number of each pattern unit to be 48350 needles, controlling the embroidery rotating speed to be 400rpm, and adjusting the tension of the bottom thread and the surface thread to ensure that the embroidered patterns are neat and do not deform.
(4) Embroidering and preparing a sample: and carrying out computer embroidery on the conductive fibers according to the set pattern files and the process parameters to form periodic conductive patterns on the surface of the common textile.
(5) Sewing: the selective electromagnetic shielding fabric and the aramid cloth are sewn together by using sewing needles, and one yarn is sewn at intervals of 2 cm.
(6) Coating of SiC particles: SiC particles with different particle sizes are prepared into coating liquid with different dispersion liquid ratios and coated into the fabric. Adjusting the temperature of the oven to 85 ℃ for pre-baking for 10 minutes, then adjusting the temperature to 120 ℃ for baking for 5 minutes, and after the coating liquid is evaporated, curing SiC particles on the surface of the fabric to obtain the coated fabric. By utilizing 10000 meshes and 8000 meshes of SiC particles and adopting a four-layer composite coating mode, the coating sequence is changed, and three fabrics are prepared: 10000/10000/8000/8000, 8000/8000/10000/1000, 10000/8000/8000/10000.
The structure of the selective electromagnetic shielding/stab-resistant dual-function composite material in the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, the electromagnetic transmission performance curve is shown in fig. 2, and the stab-resistant characteristic is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 anti-prick Performance test results of Selective electromagnetic Shielding/anti-prick bifunctional composite Material
Example 2
Preparing selective electromagnetic shielding/stab-resistant dual-function composite material (using conductive coating printing to form frequency selective surface, using hard SiC particle coating technology to realize stab-resistant property)
(1) Determining a printing process, and preparing printing slurry: by utilizing a conventional paint printing process, size mixing is carried out according to the proportion of 80g of copper-coated silver powder paint particles, 350g of adhesive 707, 450g of emulsifying paste A bonding paste, 50g of urea, 25g of crosslinking agent EH and 45g of cold water. The conductivity of the conductive paste was tested to be 5.2X 106S/m。
(2) Plate making with flat screen, printing conductive pattern: selecting polyester silk screen cloth, manufacturing a flat screen with SP number 42 by a photosensitive plate making method according to a designed circular ring structure, selecting a screen moving type flat screen printing machine, installing and adjusting a screen printing plate and a scraper to ensure normal work, scraping printing paste along the warp direction or the weft direction of the fabric by using a rubber scraper, printing the conductive paste on the fabric through the meshes of the screen printing plate to form a conductive pattern, and controlling the thickness of the coating to be 60 mu m in the whole process.
(3) Baking and color fixing: respectively carrying out three procedures of re-drying (drying on a bottoming machine), steaming (102 ℃, 5min, using a reduction steamer) and baking (130 ℃, 3min), strengthening to form color, and further fixing the width of the finished product.
(4) Sewing: the selective electromagnetic shielding fabric and the aramid cloth are sewn together by using sewing needles, and one yarn is sewn at intervals of 2 cm.
(5) Coating of SiC particles: SiC particles with different particle sizes are prepared into coating liquid with different dispersion liquid ratios and coated into the fabric. Adjusting the temperature of the oven to 85 ℃ for pre-baking for 10 minutes, then adjusting the temperature to 120 ℃ for baking for 5 minutes, and after the coating liquid is evaporated, curing SiC particles on the surface of the fabric to obtain the coated fabric. By utilizing 10000 meshes and 8000 meshes of SiC particles and adopting a four-layer composite coating mode, the coating sequence is changed, and three fabrics are prepared: 8000/8000/10000/1000, 10000/8000/8000/10000, 10000/10000/8000/8000.
The structure of the stab-resistant/radar stealth dual-function composite fabric in the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, the electromagnetic transmission performance curve is shown in fig. 3, and the stab-resistant characteristic is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 puncture-preventing Performance test results for Selective electromagnetic Shielding/puncture-preventing bifunctional composite materials
For the selective electromagnetic shielding/puncture-proof bifunctional composite material prepared in the 2 embodiments, for the selective electromagnetic shielding property: the transmission coefficients of the band (computer embroidery process) of 11.2 GHz-12.9 GHz and the band (conductive pigment printing) of 12.4 GHz-14.1 GHz are respectively less than-10 dB, the band rejection effect is better, and the shielding effectiveness is lower in other frequency bands, so that the band-stop band; the peak values corresponding to the resonance frequency points of the two processing methods are-43.42 dB and-40.17 dB respectively, and the difference exists because the used conductive embroidery thread and the conductive paint are not ideal conductors and have different conductivities, and the frequency selection characteristic can be enhanced by improving the conductivity. For stab resistance properties: the anti-puncture properties of the products obtained by different coating modes in the two embodiments are different, the maximum puncture strength is 8000/8000/10000/10000, and the puncture strength in the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 is 200.40N and 199.74N respectively; the puncture strength was 10000/10000/8000/8000 minimum, 195.08N and 194.26N for example 1 and example 2, respectively; the fabric with larger grain size can increase the puncture strength of the fabric on the surface of the multilayer composite fabric, and the fabric with smaller grain size can increase the combination tightness of the fabric on the lower layer of the multilayer composite fabric.
The selective electromagnetic shielding/puncture-proof dual-function composite material can be designed and produced by utilizing mature processing technology, and is flexible, free and various; the textile has certain wearability such as air permeability and moisture permeability, and has certain beautiful effect; compared with the traditional like products, the product has the advantages of softness, light weight, flexibility and the like, and has potential application value in various fields.
Claims (9)
1. A selective electromagnetic shielding/puncture-proof dual-function composite material is characterized in that: the composite material comprises a base layer, wherein at least one periodic conductive pattern layer is arranged on the base layer, at least one aramid fabric layer is arranged on the periodic conductive pattern layer, and at least one integral coating is arranged on the aramid fabric layer.
2. The selective electromagnetic shielding/stab resistant dual function composite of claim 1, wherein: the base layer is a flexible fabric layer.
3. The selective electromagnetic shielding/stab resistant dual function composite of claim 2, wherein: the thickness of the flexible fabric layer is 0.1 mm-5 mm.
4. The selective electromagnetic shielding/stab resistant dual function composite of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the periodic conductive pattern layer is 20-150 mu m.
5. The selective electromagnetic shielding/stab resistant dual function composite of claim 1, wherein: the periodic conductive pattern layer is formed by repeatedly arranging a plurality of unit patterns.
6. The selective electromagnetic shielding/stab resistant dual function composite of claim 5, wherein: the unit graph is in a circular ring shape, a square ring shape or a cross shape.
7. The selective electromagnetic shielding/stab resistant dual function composite of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the aramid fiber fabric layer is 0.1 mm-5 mm.
8. The selective electromagnetic shielding/stab resistant dual function composite of claim 1, wherein: the integral coating is coated by a resin or a shear thickening body.
9. The selective electromagnetic shielding/stab resistant dual function composite of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the integral coating is 10 mu m-10 mm.
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