CN216929673U

CN216929673U - Solar low-illumination power generation current concentration threshold control charging circuit

Info

Publication number: CN216929673U
Application number: CN202221444334.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 万真真; 施宁; 王永清
Original assignee: Hebei University
Current assignee: Hebei University
Priority date: 2022-06-10
Filing date: 2022-06-10
Publication date: 2022-07-08
Anticipated expiration: 2032-06-10

Abstract

The utility model provides a solar low-illumination power generation current concentration threshold control charging circuit. The charging circuit comprises a solar battery, a super capacitor, a booster circuit, a threshold control circuit and the like. The utility model connects the solar battery with the super capacitor, weak current generated by the solar battery is stored and gathered in the super capacitor under the low illumination environment, the booster circuit is started when the voltage is higher than a certain value, the electric appliance is charged by larger current, the threshold control automatic charging is realized, and the condition of power shortage of the electric appliance is effectively prevented. The process is repeated, and the small charging current is gathered and then converted into the large current to realize threshold control charging. The utility model avoids the situation that the charging current is less than the power consumption of the charging indicator lamp of the electric appliance and the charging is less when the illuminance is lower, improves the use efficiency of the solar cell, widens the application range of the solar cell and provides convenience for the life of people by the stronger practicability of the solar cell.

Description

Solar low-illumination power generation current concentration threshold control charging circuit

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic charging, in particular to a solar low-illumination power generation current concentration threshold control charging circuit.

Background

The stability of the input energy of the solar photovoltaic power generation is poor, the intermittence is obvious, and the influence of time and the external environment is large. When the solar battery is used for carrying out photoelectric conversion and charging electric appliances such as a charger and a mobile phone, when the external illuminance is low, the generated energy of the solar battery is small, normal charging can not be carried out frequently, even the charging current is smaller than the power consumption of an electric appliance charging indication control circuit, and the situation that the electric quantity is more and less charged is caused, so that the energy waste is caused. Therefore, when solar energy is used for power generation, an energy storage device is usually required to be equipped for operation.

Most of the traditional energy storage is to compensate unstable input energy in a solar photovoltaic power generation system through a lead-acid storage battery. However, the storage battery has the defect of short cycle life, and has strict requirements on charge and discharge current, thereby limiting the large-scale application of the independent photovoltaic system.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a solar low-illumination power generation current concentration threshold control charging circuit to solve the problem that the conventional solar battery cannot be normally charged due to small power generation amount under the low-illumination condition.

The utility model is realized in the following way: a solar low-illumination power generation current concentration threshold control charging circuit comprises a super capacitor, a boosting module and a threshold control circuit; the positive pole of the solar cell is connected with the non-grounding end of the super capacitor through the isolating diode, the negative pole of the solar cell is grounded, the positive pole of the isolating diode is connected with the positive pole of the solar cell, the negative pole of the isolating diode is connected with the non-grounding end of the super capacitor, and the super capacitor is used for storing and gathering the current output by the solar cell under low illumination; the threshold control circuit comprises a thyristor and a plurality of diodes which are connected in series; the positive pole of the serially connected diodes is connected with the non-grounding end of the super capacitor through a resistor, and the negative pole of the serially connected diodes is connected with the control pole of the thyristor; the anode of the thyristor is connected with the grounding end of the boosting module, and the cathode of the thyristor is grounded; the non-grounding end of the super capacitor is connected with the grounding end of the boosting module through the first filter capacitor on one hand, and is connected with the external inductor connecting end of the boosting module through an inductor on the other hand; a first voltage stabilizing diode (with the voltage of 5.1V) is connected between the external inductor connecting end of the boosting module and the output end of the boosting module; the anode of the first voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the external inductor connecting end of the boosting module, and the cathode of the first voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the output end of the boosting module; the output end of the boosting module is connected with the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery, and the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery is grounded; the output end of the boosting module is also connected with the anode of the light-emitting diode through a resistor, and the cathode of the light-emitting diode is grounded.

Preferably, the boosting module is a CE8301 boosting module.

Preferably, a second zener diode (voltage 5.1V) is connected in parallel to two ends of the super capacitor.

Preferably, the output end of the boosting module is grounded through a second filter capacitor.

Preferably, the type of the isolation diode is 1N 4007.

Preferably, the number of the plurality of diodes connected in series is five, and the five diodes are all 1N4148 in model number.

Preferably, the thyristor is Bt169 d.

The utility model provides a solar low-illumination power generation current concentration threshold control charging circuit which comprises a solar battery, a super capacitor, a booster circuit, a threshold control circuit and the like. The low current concentration can be realized under low illumination, and the booster circuit is started when a certain threshold electric quantity is reached. The charging current that has avoided probably appearing when illuminance is lower is less than with the power consumptive, the more less condition of charging of electrical apparatus charge indicator, has improved solar cell's availability factor, makes its range of application wider more to its stronger practicality provides convenience for people's life.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a specific circuit configuration diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the solar low-illuminance power generation current concentration threshold control charging circuit provided by the utility model comprises a super capacitor, a booster circuit and a threshold control circuit. The solar battery is connected with the super capacitor through the isolating diode, the super capacitor is respectively connected with the booster circuit and the threshold control circuit, and the booster circuit is also connected with the threshold control circuit. The booster circuit is also connected with a charging indicator lamp.

Referring to fig. 2, the solar cell is connected to the super capacitor C3 (10F) through an isolation diode D1 (model 1N 4007), the anode of the solar cell is connected to the anode of the isolation diode D1, the cathode of the isolation diode D1 is connected to one end (i.e., non-ground end) of the super capacitor C3, and the other end of the super capacitor C3 is grounded. The negative electrode of the solar cell is grounded. Weak current generated by the solar cell in a low-light environment is accumulated in the super capacitor C3, and the isolation diode D1 is used for preventing the super capacitor C3 from discharging through the solar cell in the low-light environment. Two ends of the super capacitor C3 are connected in parallel with a second 5.1V voltage-stabilizing diode D2, the anode of the second voltage-stabilizing diode D2 is grounded, and the cathode of the second voltage-stabilizing diode D2 is connected with the non-grounded end of the super capacitor C3. The second zener diode D2 is used to prevent the solar cell from overcharging the super capacitor C3, and plays a role in protecting the super capacitor C3.

The boosting circuit specifically adopts a boosting module U1 with the model number of CE8301, and the threshold control circuit comprises five diodes connected in series and a thyristor (the model number is Bt169d specifically). The boost module U1 has three ports, an output terminal (Vout), a ground terminal (Vss), and an external inductor connection terminal (LX). The ground terminal of the boost module U1 is grounded through the thyristor Bt169d, the anode of the thyristor Bt169d is connected with the ground terminal of the boost module U1, and the cathode of the thyristor Bt169d is grounded. The non-grounded end of the super capacitor C3 is connected with one end of a resistor R1 (680 omega), and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the control electrode of the thyristor Bt169d after being connected with five diodes in series. The five diodes connected in series are respectively D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7 in sequence, and the models of the five diodes are all 1N 4148. The anode of the diode D3 is connected with the resistor R1, and the cathode of the diode D7 is connected with the control electrode of the thyristor Bt 169D. The resistor R1 is the equivalent series internal resistance of the super capacitor C3, the smaller the resistor R1 is, the higher the discharge efficiency of the super capacitor C3 is, meanwhile, the lower series internal resistance well avoids heat accumulation caused by overhigh internal resistance, and the reduction of the activity of an electrode material caused by the heat accumulation is prevented, so that the super capacitor C3 can obtain better performance guarantee.

The non-grounded end of the super capacitor C3 is connected to the grounded end of the boost module U1 through the first filter capacitor C1 (0.01 μ F), and is connected to the external inductor connection end of the boost module U1 through the energy storage inductor L1 (47 μ H). The external inductance connecting end of the boosting module U1 is connected with the output end of the boosting module U1 through a first voltage-stabilizing diode D8 (5.1V), the anode of the first voltage-stabilizing diode D8 is connected with the external inductance connecting end of the boosting module U1, and the cathode of the first voltage-stabilizing diode D8 is connected with the output end of the boosting module U1. The energy storage inductor L1 and the first zener diode D8 connected to the outside of the boost module U1 are conventional in the art, and are not described herein in detail. The output end of the boost module U1 is further connected to one end of a second filter capacitor C2 (100 μ F), and the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is grounded. The output end of the boosting module U1 is also connected with the positive pole of a rechargeable battery (5V), and the negative pole of the rechargeable battery is grounded. The resistor R2 (which plays a role in current limiting and is 1k omega) is connected with the light emitting diode (red LED) in series, the cathode of the light emitting diode is grounded, the anode of the light emitting diode is connected with one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the output end of the boosting module U1.

The super capacitor C3 provides the operating voltage of the boost module U1, when the thyristor at the ground of the boost module U1 is turned on, the boost module U1 starts to operate and outputs 5V voltage, at this time, the light emitting diode lights up, and the output 5V voltage provides the charging voltage for the rechargeable battery, so as to start charging. When the current in the thyristor is smaller than the maintaining current for keeping the on state of the thyristor, the thyristor is turned off, the light emitting diode is extinguished, and the charging is finished. And then the solar battery charges the super capacitor C3 until the thyristor is conducted again, and the process is repeated to realize the weak solar current concentration and threshold control charging in the low-illumination environment.

The thyristor in the utility model is used as a threshold control switch in a threshold control circuit. The thyristor is adopted to replace a hysteresis comparator formed by a traditional operational amplifier with higher energy consumption, so that the hysteresis effect is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, the circuit layout is simplified, and the design portability is improved. Five 1N4148 and thyristors are adopted to form a threshold control circuit, the 1N4148 is calculated according to the conducting voltage of 0.6V of each thyristor, and the conducting voltage of 0.7V of the thyristor is added, so that the voltage drop on the resistor R1 is about 0.1V (calculated according to the trigger current of the thyristor control electrode being 0.2mA, the voltage drop on the resistor R1 is 680 Ω 0.2mA = 0.136V), therefore, the voltage of the threshold control circuit is not lower than 3.8V, the super capacitor is a super capacitor with 5.1V and 10F, and a second voltage stabilizing diode D2 with 5.1V is adopted for circuit protection. The control circuit is used as a circuit switch to realize threshold control charging in a low-illumination environment.

The data actual measurement and analysis of the charging circuit are controlled by the solar low-illumination power generation current concentration threshold.

1) Testing of a PHILIPS mobile power supply model DLP1130S in an indoor 60W incandescent light environment resulted in six sets of data, as shown in table 1.

Note: i is₁Charging current provided to the supercapacitor by the photovoltaic cell; i is₂And providing the charging current for the lithium battery by the super capacitor.

Wherein, the data of 1-6 groups are measured by adopting a 60W incandescent lamp light source at the distances of 5cm, 7cm, 9cm, 11cm, 13cm and 15cm from the solar cell respectively. The illumination intensity is reduced along with the increase of the distance, the charging time of the super capacitor is increased, and the charging time of the rechargeable battery is 30-60 s. The circuit can collect weak current generated by the solar cell in a low-illumination environment and provide the weak current to the rechargeable battery with larger current, can better solve the problem that the solar cell is less charged in the low-illumination environment, overcomes the defect of loss of the rechargeable battery of an uncommon electric appliance due to self-discharge, and meets the requirement in an indoor 60W incandescent lamp environment.

2) Three sets of data are obtained by testing the PHILIPS mobile power supply with model number DLP1130S in an indoor natural light environment, as shown in table 2.

Note: I.C. A₁Charging current provided to the supercapacitor by the photovoltaic cell; i is₂And providing the charging current for the lithium battery by the super capacitor.

At 10 am, respectively: 00. 10: 30. 11: 00 three groups of data are measured in indoor natural light environment.

The illumination intensity is increased along with the change of time to noon, the charging time of the super capacitor is shortened, the charging time of the rechargeable battery is 30-40 s, small current generated in an indoor natural environment is collected into the super capacitor, the rechargeable battery is supplied with large current after the thyristor is conducted to serve as charging current, threshold control charging of the rechargeable battery can be achieved, and the purpose of preventing loss of the battery is achieved.

3) Three sets of data were obtained from testing a PHILIPS mobile power supply model DLP1130S in an outdoor solar environment, as shown in table 3.

In the afternoon 16: 30. 17: 00. 17: three groups of data are measured in an outdoor solar illumination environment at 30 times. And the illumination intensity is gradually reduced along with the time towards the evening, the charging time of the super capacitor is increased, and the charging time of the rechargeable battery is between 35s and 45 s. In the outdoor sunlight environment near the evening, weak current generated by the solar battery is collected into the super capacitor, and when the thyristor is conducted, the super capacitor supplies larger current to the rechargeable battery.

The solar battery has the characteristics of environmental protection, energy conservation and no pollution, the solar battery is connected with the super capacitor, weak current generated by the solar battery is stored and gathered in the super capacitor under a low-illumination environment, the booster circuit is started when the voltage is higher than a certain value, a larger current is used for charging an electric appliance, the threshold value control automatic charging is realized, and the condition of power shortage of the electric appliance is effectively prevented. The process is repeated, and the small charging current is gathered and then converted into the large current to realize threshold control charging. The utility model saves energy and improves the utilization rate of the solar cell.

Claims

1. A solar low-illumination power generation current concentration threshold control charging circuit is characterized by comprising a super capacitor, a boosting module and a threshold control circuit; the anode of the solar battery is connected with the non-grounding end of the super capacitor through the isolating diode, the cathode of the solar battery is grounded, the anode of the isolating diode is connected with the anode of the solar battery, and the cathode of the isolating diode is connected with the non-grounding end of the super capacitor; the threshold control circuit comprises a thyristor and a plurality of diodes which are connected in series; the anodes of the diodes connected in series are connected with the non-grounding end of the super capacitor through a resistor, and the cathodes of the diodes connected in series are connected with the control electrode of the thyristor; the anode of the thyristor is connected with the grounding end of the boosting module, and the cathode of the thyristor is grounded; the non-grounding end of the super capacitor is connected with the grounding end of the boosting module through the first filter capacitor on one hand, and is connected with the external inductor connecting end of the boosting module through an inductor on the other hand; a first voltage stabilizing diode is connected between the external inductor connecting end of the boosting module and the output end of the boosting module, the anode of the first voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the external inductor connecting end of the boosting module, and the cathode of the first voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the output end of the boosting module; the output end of the boosting module is connected with the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery, and the negative electrode of the rechargeable battery is grounded; the output end of the boosting module is also connected with the anode of the light-emitting diode through a current-limiting resistor, and the cathode of the light-emitting diode is grounded.

2. The solar low-light power generation current concentration threshold control charging circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the boosting module is a CE8301 boosting module.

3. The solar low-illumination power generation current concentration threshold control charging circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein a second voltage stabilizing diode is connected in parallel with two ends of the super capacitor, the anode of the second voltage stabilizing diode is grounded, and the cathode of the second voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the non-grounded end of the super capacitor.

4. The solar low-light power generation current concentration threshold control charging circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the output end of the boosting module is grounded through a second filter capacitor.

5. The solar low-light power generation current concentration threshold control charging circuit of claim 1, wherein the isolating diode is 1N4007 in type.

6. The solar low-light power generation current concentration threshold control charging circuit of claim 1, wherein the number of the diodes connected in series is five, and the five diodes are all 1N4148 in type.

7. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the thyristor is of type Bt169 d.