CN216787062U

CN216787062U - Water surface spilled oil recovery and garbage cleaning ship

Info

Publication number: CN216787062U
Application number: CN202123213396.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王敏; 阳碧慰; 孙富伟; 唐星宇; 陈佳宇; 陈佳; 马荣兴; 张艺凡; 补晨熹
Original assignee: Southwest University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Southwest University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-12-20
Filing date: 2021-12-20
Publication date: 2022-06-21
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-20

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of water surface oil spill treatment, and particularly relates to a water surface oil spill recovery and garbage cleaning ship. The technical scheme is as follows: a ship for recovering spilled oil on water and cleaning garbage comprises a ship body, wherein a rack is mounted on the ship body, two sides of the rack are rotatably connected with a spiral mechanism, a spiral driving motor is mounted on the rack, and the output end of the spiral driving motor is connected with the spiral mechanism; the oil scraper is characterized in that the rack is further connected with an oil scraping mechanism, one side of the oil scraping mechanism is attached to the spiral mechanism, and the other end of the oil scraping mechanism extends to the ship body area. The utility model provides a high-efficiency water surface spilled oil recovery and garbage cleaning ship.

Description

Water surface spilled oil recovery and garbage cleaning ship

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of water surface oil spill treatment, and particularly relates to a water surface oil spill recovery and garbage cleaning ship.

Background

Offshore spilled oil refers to any form of oil that spills over and enters the ocean by any means, including crude oil, fuel oil, lubricating oil, sludge, oil sludge, and refined products, among others. As a country with large energy consumption, the petroleum import in China is increasing day by day, and the total crude oil import amount reaches 50572 ten thousand tons and is increased by 9.5 percent in the same year by taking 2019 as an example. According to the statistical analysis of the international maritime organization, major oil pollution accidents occur once when 4000 ten thousand tons of oil are transported on the sea on average in the whole world, and according to the historical statistical analysis of China, the occurrence frequency of major oil spill accidents on the sea is as high as 3000 ten thousand tons of oil are transported together.

The oil spill accident can bring huge destruction to local natural environment, fishery resources and shallow water shoreline, and rapid emergency response and timely containment and control recovery must be given. In these links, the oil spill containment, recovery, storage and oil-water separation are the most important parts, and are important parts of the emergency response plans of oil spill at all levels, and the oil spill recovery ship as a carrier and an integrated body of the equipment is an indispensable part of the emergency response plans of oil spill.

Once a spill event occurs, steps need to be taken to prevent the spill from spreading in the fastest time. The following methods are mainly used for recovering the spilled oil.

First, oil containment boom. The working principle is that after an oil spill accident happens, a floating body with a skirt edge under water is used for surrounding and gathering oil and dirt on the water surface so as to prevent the oil and the dirt from diffusing. The inflatable floating body is composed of an inflatable floating body, a skirt edge, a tension belt, a heavy distribution chain, a tying anchor and the like, and is fixed around the surface of oily water to be enclosed by an anchor. In general, the oil containment boom is required to have characteristics of wear resistance, easy development, easy cleaning and easy recycling. In addition, the oil containment boom is selected with consideration of its ability to withstand wind and waves [6 ]. The oil containment boom can clean the spilled oil on the sea surface in a large area, but the oil containment boom has more attention points for storage and maintenance.

And secondly, an oil recovery machine. This is also a common mechanical device used specifically to recover surface spills. The method mainly separates oil and water on the water surface according to the fluidity of oil-water mixture, the different density of the oil-water mixture and the adsorbability of oil-receiving machine materials to the oil-water.

Thirdly, the oil absorption felt is also a widely applied oil spilling treatment method, and only absorbs oil stains but not water and other liquids. The oil absorbent felt plays an important role in the oil leakage event in the gulf of Mexico and the oil leakage event in Hajiang of Dalian province.

Fourth, the oil spill condensation technology is a condensation agent that is chemically added in order to prevent the oil spill from spreading quickly and to effectively control the oil film formation in the region where the oil spill occurs. The use of the oil gelling agent can effectively condense the overflowing oil on the water surface, and the oil layer becomes thick and becomes sticky or hard solid, thereby being convenient for recycling. Under certain conditions it can be complemented by cooperation with other oil spill recovery techniques.

The offshore spilled oil recovery vessel is characterized by large scale, suitability for wide deep sea surface and large recovery amount. But the operation can not be carried out in shallow sea and near shore, the maneuverability is poor, the cost is high, but the function is single. Therefore, an oil spill recovery ship with the characteristics of good working condition adaptability, high-efficiency oil absorption efficiency and function extension application needs to be developed, and oil spill events can be better dealt with.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide an efficient water surface spilled oil recovery and garbage cleaning ship.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

a ship for recovering spilled oil on water and cleaning garbage comprises a ship body, wherein a rack is mounted on the ship body, both sides of the rack are rotatably connected with a screw mechanism, a screw driving motor is mounted on the rack, and the output end of the screw driving motor is connected with the screw mechanism; still be connected with the frizing mechanism in the frame, the one side laminating screw mechanism of frizing mechanism sets up, and the other end of frizing mechanism stretches the hull region.

When the screw driving motor drives the screw mechanism to rotate, the ship body can move. When the screw mechanism rotates, the spilled oil on the water surface is brought up, and the oil carried out by the screw mechanism is scraped by the oil scraping mechanism, so that the spilled oil on the water surface can be scraped into the ship body. The screw mechanism has two functions of driving and oil collecting, so that the oil collecting device can efficiently and continuously collect oil in the process of travelling.

According to the preferable scheme of the utility model, the spiral mechanism comprises a floating box, two ends of the floating box are rotatably connected with the rack, an output end of the spiral driving motor is connected with a rotating shaft of the floating box, a spiral blade is fixed on the floating box, and one side of the oil scraping mechanism is attached to the spiral blade. The floating box can increase the displacement volume and the buoyancy of the ship. When the spiral driving mechanism drives the floating box to rotate, the spiral blades are correspondingly driven, so that the oil stains on the water surface can be carried by the spiral blades, and then the oil stains are scraped by the oil scraping mechanism.

According to the preferable scheme of the utility model, the oil scraping mechanism comprises a fixed support, optical shafts are fixed at two ends of the fixed support, the optical shafts are sleeved on the rack, springs are sleeved on the optical shafts and located between the fixed support and the rack, a plurality of oil scraping grooves are fixed on the fixed support, one ends of the oil scraping grooves are attached to the helical blades, the other ends of the oil scraping grooves extend into the ship body, and one ends of the oil scraping grooves extending into the ship body are lower than one ends of the oil scraping grooves attached to the helical blades; and the spiral blade is provided with a notch for the oil scraping groove to pass through.

When the helical blade rotates, oil stains on the surface of the helical blade are scraped into the ship body by the oil scraping groove. After the helical blade rotates for a circle, the oil scraping groove reaches the notch position of the helical blade. At this time, the fixing bracket is pulled back under the restoring force of the spring, and the oil scraping groove passes through one pitch of the helical blade to return. Therefore, the oil scraping mechanism cannot move towards one direction, and the oil scraping work can be continuously carried out.

As a preferable scheme of the utility model, an oil scraping pipe is fixed at the bottom of the oil scraping groove, and a plurality of oil holes communicated with the oil scraping pipe are arranged on the oil scraping groove. The oil stain in the oil scraping groove can enter the oil scraping pipe from the oil hole, and the oil stain in the oil scraping pipe can directly flow into the ship body, so that the oil stain in the oil scraping groove is reduced and leaked.

According to the preferable scheme of the utility model, the two sides of the helical blade are respectively provided with the oil scraping grooves, each oil scraping groove comprises a scraping plate and a baffle plate, the scraping plates are perpendicular to the helical blade, one side of each scraping plate, which is far away from the baffle plate, is attached to the helical blade, and the baffle plates are parallel to the helical blade. The scraper can scrape off greasy dirt, and the baffle can prevent the greasy dirt from overflowing. And the oil scraping grooves are formed in the two sides of the spiral blade, so that oil stains on the two sides of the spiral blade can be scraped, and the oil collecting efficiency is improved.

As a preferable scheme of the utility model, the rack is further connected with a support frame, the support frame is provided with a conveyor belt mechanism, the conveyor belt mechanism is provided with sponge, the support frame is further provided with an extrusion rolling shaft, the extrusion rolling shaft is arranged side by side with one rolling shaft of the conveyor belt mechanism, and the rotation direction of the extrusion rolling shaft is opposite to the moving direction of the conveyor belt mechanism. When the conveyer belt moves, the sponge on the conveyer belt can adsorb the surface of water greasy dirt. The rotating direction of the extrusion rolling shaft is opposite to the moving direction of the conveyor belt mechanism, so that oil stains in the sponge are fully extruded when the sponge on the conveyor belt passes through the extrusion rolling shaft.

As a preferred scheme of the utility model, the conveyor belt mechanism comprises a driving roller, a driven roller and a tensioning roller which are rotatably connected to the support frame, the tensioning roller and the extrusion roller are arranged side by side, and a conveyor belt is arranged among the driving roller, the driven roller and the tensioning roller; the conveying motor is installed on the supporting frame, and the output end of the transmission motor is in transmission connection with the driving rolling shaft through a belt. The transmission motor drives the driving roller to rotate through belt transmission, so that the transmission belt can rotate correspondingly, and the driven roller and the tensioning roller rotate correspondingly.

As a preferable scheme of the utility model, the support frame is also provided with an extrusion motor, and the output end of the extrusion motor is in transmission connection with the extrusion roller through a belt. The extrusion motor drives the extrusion roller to rotate through belt transmission, and the sponge can be fully extruded when the extrusion roller rotates.

As the preferred scheme of the utility model, the rack is hinged with an electric push rod, and the output end of the electric push rod is hinged with one end of the support frame; the other end of the support frame is hinged with a guide rail, an electric slide rail is arranged on the rack, and the guide rail is sleeved on the electric slide rail. The electric push rod controls the support frame to rotate through telescoping, and the underwater penetration of the conveyor belt is adjusted. The electric slide rail can slide on the guide rail to drive the conveyor belt to move back and forth integrally. Move rightmost side through electric putter shrink and electronic slide rail, can put into the aquatic with the conveyer belt front end, move leftmost side through electric putter extension and electronic slide rail, can withdraw the conveyer belt lifting, the navigation of being convenient for.

As a preferable scheme of the utility model, a roll paper support is fixed on the machine frame, the oil absorption roll paper is installed on the roll paper support, a plurality of guide rollers are rotatably installed on the machine frame, the roll paper passes through the guide rollers, a guide roller motor is installed on the machine frame, and the output end of the guide roller motor is connected with one of the guide rollers. The oil absorption roll paper is wrapped on a roll shaft and is arranged on a roll paper support, a plurality of guide rollers form a roll shaft group to roll the roll paper out, and the guide rollers are driven by a guide roller motor. The oil absorption paper is laid on the water surface to absorb oil stains.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

when the spiral driving motor drives the spiral mechanism to rotate, the ship body can move. When the screw mechanism rotates, the spilled oil on the water surface is brought up, and the oil carried out by the screw mechanism is scraped by the oil scraping mechanism, so that the spilled oil on the water surface can be scraped into the ship body. The screw mechanism has two functions of driving and oil collecting, so that the oil collecting device can efficiently and continuously collect oil in the process of travelling.

When the conveyer belt moves, the sponge on the conveyer belt can adsorb the surface of water greasy dirt. The rotating direction of the extrusion rolling shaft is opposite to the moving direction of the conveyor belt mechanism, so that oil stains in the sponge are fully extruded when the sponge on the conveyor belt passes through the extrusion rolling shaft.

The oil absorption roll paper is wrapped on a roll shaft and is arranged on a roll paper support, a plurality of guide rollers form a roll shaft group to roll the roll paper out, and the guide rollers are driven by a guide roller motor. The oil absorption paper is laid on the water surface to absorb oil stains.

In conclusion, the utility model recovers the oil spilled on the water surface by respectively scraping the spiral mechanism, continuously extruding the oil absorption sponge and paving the oil absorption paper, thereby improving the treatment efficiency and treatment effect of the oil spilled on the water surface.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial block diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the oil scraping groove;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the conveyor belt;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the oil absorbing web;

FIG. 6 is a force analysis diagram of the screw mechanism as it advances in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a force analysis diagram of the screw mechanism as the utility model is retracted;

FIG. 8 is a force analysis diagram of the screw mechanism during left turn of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a force analysis diagram of the screw mechanism when the present invention is rotated to the right.

In the drawings, 1-hull; 2-a frame; 3-a screw mechanism; 4-an oil scraping mechanism; 5-a support frame; 6-a conveyor belt mechanism; 7-extruding a roller; 8-roll paper holder; 9-guide rollers; 31-a floating box; 32-helical blades; 33-a screw drive motor; 41-fixing a bracket; 42-optical axis; 43-a spring; 44-oil scraping groove; 45-scraping an oil pipe; 51-an electric push rod; 52-a guide rail; 53-electric slide rail; 61-driving roller; 62-a driven roller; 63-tensioning rollers; 64-a conveyor belt; 65-a conveyor motor; 66-a synchronous belt; 71-an extrusion motor; 81-oil absorbing roll paper; 91-a guide roller motor; 321-gap.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the utility model and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ship for recovering spilled oil on water and cleaning garbage of the embodiment comprises a ship body 1, wherein a frame 2 is installed on the ship body 1, both sides of the frame 2 are rotatably connected with a screw mechanism 3, a screw driving motor 33 is installed on the frame 2, and the output end of the screw driving motor 33 is connected with the screw mechanism 3; still be connected with frizing mechanism 4 on the frame 2, frizing mechanism 4's one side laminating screw mechanism 3 sets up, and the other end of frizing mechanism 4 stretches the hull 1 region.

When the screw driving motor 33 drives the screw mechanism 3 to rotate, the ship body 1 can move. When the screw mechanism 3 rotates, the oil spill on the water surface is brought up, and the oil carried out by the screw mechanism 3 is scraped by the oil scraping mechanism 4, so that the oil spill on the water surface can be scraped into the ship body 1. The screw mechanism 3 has two functions of driving and oil receiving, so that the utility model can efficiently and continuously receive oil in the process of travelling.

Specifically, the screw mechanism 3 includes a floating box 31, two ends of the floating box 31 are rotatably connected to the frame 2, an output end of a screw driving motor 33 is connected to a rotating shaft of the floating box 31, a screw blade 32 is fixed to the floating box 31, and one side of the oil scraping mechanism 4 is attached to the screw blade 32. The floating box 31 can increase the displacement volume and the buoyancy of the ship. When the screw driving mechanism drives the floating box 31 to rotate, the helical blade 32 is correspondingly driven, so that the oil stain on the water surface can be carried by the helical blade 32, and then the oil stain is scraped by the oil scraping mechanism 4.

The oil scraping mechanism 4 comprises a fixed support 41, optical shafts 42 are fixed at two ends of the fixed support 41, the optical shafts 42 are sleeved on the rack 2, springs 43 are sleeved on the optical shafts 42, the springs 43 are located between the fixed support 41 and the rack 2, a plurality of oil scraping grooves 44 are fixed on the fixed support 41, one ends of the oil scraping grooves 44 are attached to the helical blades 32, the other ends of the oil scraping grooves 44 extend into the ship body 1, and one ends of the oil scraping grooves 44 extending into the ship body 1 are lower than one ends of the oil scraping grooves 44 attached to the helical blades 32; the helical blade 32 is provided with a notch 321 through which the oil scraping groove 44 passes.

When the screw blade 32 rotates, oil stains on the surface of the screw blade 32 are scraped into the hull 1 by the oil scraping groove 44. After the helical blade 32 rotates one turn, the oil scraping groove 44 reaches the position of the notch 321 of the helical blade 32. At this time, the fixing bracket 41 is pulled back by the restoring force of the spring 43, and the oil scraping groove 44 is returned through one pitch of the spiral blade 32. Therefore, the oil scraping mechanism 4 cannot move towards one direction, and the oil scraping work can be continuously carried out.

As shown in fig. 3, an oil scraping pipe 45 is fixed at the bottom of the oil scraping groove 44, and a plurality of oil holes communicated with the oil scraping pipe 45 are formed in the oil scraping groove 44. The oil in the oil scraping groove 44 can enter the oil scraping pipe 45 from the oil holes, and the oil in the oil scraping pipe 45 can directly flow into the hull 1, so that the oil leakage from the oil scraping groove 44 is reduced.

Further, helical blade 32's both sides all set up and scrape oil groove 44, scrape oil groove 44 and include scraper blade and baffle, and the scraper blade is perpendicular with helical blade 32, and the scraper blade is kept away from one side and the laminating of helical blade 32 of baffle, and the baffle is parallel with helical blade 32. The scraper can scrape off greasy dirt, and the baffle can prevent the greasy dirt from overflowing. And the oil scraping grooves 44 are arranged on both sides of the helical blade 32, so that oil stains on both sides of the helical blade 32 can be scraped, and the oil collecting efficiency is improved.

As shown in fig. 4, a support frame 5 is further connected to the frame 2, a conveyor belt mechanism 6 is mounted on the support frame 5, a sponge is disposed on the conveyor belt mechanism 6, an extrusion roller 7 is further mounted on the support frame 5, the extrusion roller 7 and one of the rollers of the conveyor belt mechanism 6 are arranged side by side, and the rotation direction of the extrusion roller 7 is opposite to the moving direction of the conveyor belt mechanism 6. When the conveyor belt 64 runs, the sponge on the conveyor belt 64 can adsorb oil stains on the water surface. The rotation direction of the squeezing roller 7 is opposite to the moving direction of the conveyor belt mechanism 6, so that oil stains in the sponge are fully squeezed out when the sponge on the conveyor belt 64 passes through the squeezing roller 7.

Specifically, the conveyor belt mechanism 6 comprises a driving roller 61, a driven roller 62 and a tensioning roller 63 which are rotatably connected to the support frame 5, the tensioning roller 63 is arranged side by side with the squeezing roller 7, and a conveyor belt 64 is arranged among the driving roller 61, the driven roller 62 and the tensioning roller 63; the support frame 5 is provided with a transmission motor 65, and the output end of the transmission motor is in transmission connection with the driving roller 61 through a belt. The transmission motor 65 drives the driving roller 61 to rotate through belt transmission, so that the transmission belt 64 can correspondingly rotate, and the driven roller 62 and the tensioning roller 63 correspondingly rotate.

Two timing belts 66 are arranged between the driving roller 61, the driven roller 62 and the tensioning roller 63, and the transmission belt 64 is connected between the two timing belts 66, so that the transmission belt 64 is driven by the timing belts 66 to prevent the transmission belt 64 from slipping.

The support frame 5 is also provided with an extrusion motor 71, and the output end of the extrusion motor 71 is in transmission connection with the extrusion roller 7 through a belt. The squeezing motor 71 drives the squeezing roller 7 to rotate through belt transmission, so that the sponge can be fully squeezed when the squeezing roller 7 rotates.

An electric push rod 51 is hinged on the frame 2, and the output end of the electric push rod 51 is hinged with one end of the support frame 5; the other end of the support frame 5 is hinged with a guide rail 52, an electric slide rail 53 is arranged on the frame 2, and the electric slide rail 53 is sleeved with the guide rail 52. The electric push rod 51 controls the support frame 5 to rotate through extension, and the water penetration depth of the conveyor belt 64 is adjusted. The electric slide rail 53 can slide on the guide rail 52 to drive the conveyor belt 64 to move back and forth integrally. Move rightmost side through electric putter 51 shrink and electronic slide rail 53, can put into aquatic with conveyer belt 64 front end, move leftmost side through electric putter 51 extension and electronic slide rail 53, can withdraw conveyer belt 64 lifting, the navigation of being convenient for.

As shown in fig. 4, a roll paper support 8 is fixed on the frame 2, an oil absorption roll paper 81 is installed on the roll paper support 8, four guide rollers 9 are further installed on the frame 2 in a rotating manner, two of the four guide rollers 9 are arranged side by side, the roll paper passes through between the two groups of guide rollers 9, a guide roller motor 91 is installed on the frame 2, and the output end of the guide roller motor 91 is connected with one of the guide rollers 9.

After the floating oil on the water surface is primarily recovered, the oil on the water surface becomes thin, and the moving mechanism is difficult to adsorb the oil due to the water wave effect. The utility model can increase efficiency by automatically laying the oil absorption paper. The oil absorption roll paper 81 is wrapped on a roll shaft and is arranged on the roll paper support 8, a plurality of guide rollers 9 form a roll shaft group to roll the roll paper out, and the guide rollers 9 are driven by a guide roller motor 91, so that the oil absorption paper can be laid on the water surface to absorb oil stains.

The direction of movement of the ship is controlled by the left and right screw mechanisms 3 together, when the ship advances, as shown in fig. 6, the left screw mechanism 3 rotates rightwards, the right screw mechanism 3 rotates leftwards, due to the reaction of water, the screw mechanisms 3 at both ends have forward thrust forces F1 and F2, the right screw mechanism 3 has a leftward force F3, the left screw mechanism 3 has a rightward reaction force F4, but F3 and F4 cancel each other. When moving backward, as shown in fig. 7, the left screw 3 rotates left and the right screw 3 rotates right, and similarly, F3 and F4 cancel each other when F1 and F2 move backward. Turning left as shown in fig. 8, the left screw 3 turns left, the right screw 3 turns left, F1 goes back, F2 goes forward, and F3 and F4 both turn left. Turning right as shown in fig. 9, the left screw 3 turns right, the right screw 3 turns right, F1 goes forward, F2 goes backward, and F3 and F4 both turn right. The navigation propulsion mode is suitable for offshore and wharf diving and landing areas because the rotation surface is large and is slightly influenced by reefs and water plants.

The values and the ratio of the radius of the helical roller blade to the radius of the inner cavity need to be obtained through experiments. The radius of the blade influences the forward power; the lumen radius affects the lumen volume and thus the buoyancy; the pitch affects the forward speed and the number of turns of the blades, and thus the quality.

In order to meet the requirement of maneuverability, the size of the ship body 1 is small, and the oil collecting tank can only contain certain oil, so that a large-sized wooden ship needs to be matched for oil transfer. The mother ship has no special requirement and is suitable for most ships in active service, and the mother ship has the functions of transporting the son ships, supplementing electric energy for the son ships and storing oil liquid recovered by the son ships. After the mother ship conveys the son ship to a designated area, the son ship starts to recover spilled oil, the son ship and the wooden ship are connected through a pipeline, the pipeline is divided into two channels, one channel is an oil transfer channel, and the other channel is an electric energy supplement channel. When the oil absorption material is paved on the stern, a connecting pipeline is not needed.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned alternative embodiments, and any other various products can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, all of which fall within the scope of the present invention, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The ship for recovering spilled oil on water and cleaning garbage is characterized by comprising a ship body (1), wherein a rack (2) is mounted on the ship body (1), both sides of the rack (2) are rotatably connected with a screw mechanism (3), a screw driving motor (33) is mounted on the rack (2), and the output end of the screw driving motor (33) is connected with the screw mechanism (3); still be connected with frizing mechanism (4) on frame (2), frizing mechanism's (4) one side laminating screw mechanism (3) sets up, and the other end of frizing mechanism (4) stretches to hull (1) region.

2. The ship for recovering spilled oil on water and cleaning garbage according to claim 1, wherein the screw mechanism (3) comprises a floating box (31), two ends of the floating box (31) are rotatably connected with the frame (2), an output end of a screw driving motor (33) is connected with a rotating shaft of the floating box (31), a screw blade (32) is fixed on the floating box (31), and one side of the oil scraping mechanism (4) is attached to the screw blade (32).

3. The ship for recovering spilled oil on water and cleaning garbage according to claim 2, wherein the oil scraping mechanism (4) comprises a fixing support (41), optical shafts (42) are fixed at two ends of the fixing support (41), the optical shafts (42) are sleeved on the rack (2), springs (43) are sleeved on the optical shafts (42), the springs (43) are positioned between the fixing support (41) and the rack (2), a plurality of oil scraping grooves (44) are fixed on the fixing support (41), one ends of the oil scraping grooves (44) are attached to the helical blades (32), the other ends of the oil scraping grooves (44) extend into the ship body (1), and one ends of the oil scraping grooves (44) extending into the ship body (1) are lower than one ends of the oil scraping grooves (44) attached to the helical blades (32); the helical blade (32) is provided with a notch (321) for the oil scraping groove (44) to pass through.

4. The ship for recovering spilled oil on water and cleaning garbage according to claim 3, wherein an oil scraping pipe (45) is fixed at the bottom of the oil scraping tank (44), and a plurality of oil holes communicated with the oil scraping pipe (45) are arranged on the oil scraping tank (44).

5. The ship for recovering spilled oil on water and cleaning garbage according to claim 3, wherein the two sides of the helical blade (32) are respectively provided with an oil scraping groove (44), the oil scraping grooves (44) comprise a scraping plate and a baffle plate, the scraping plate is perpendicular to the helical blade (32), one side of the scraping plate, which is far away from the baffle plate, is attached to the helical blade (32), and the baffle plate is parallel to the helical blade (32).

6. The ship for recovering spilled oil on water and cleaning garbage according to claim 1, wherein a support frame (5) is further connected to the frame (2), a conveyor belt mechanism (6) is mounted on the support frame (5), a sponge is arranged on the conveyor belt mechanism (6), an extrusion roller (7) is further mounted on the support frame (5), the extrusion roller (7) and one of rollers of the conveyor belt mechanism (6) are arranged side by side, and the rotation direction of the extrusion roller (7) is opposite to the moving direction of the conveyor belt mechanism (6).

7. The vessel for recovering spilled oil on water and cleaning garbage according to claim 6, wherein the conveyor belt mechanism (6) comprises a driving roller (61), a driven roller (62) and a tensioning roller (63) which are rotatably connected to the support frame (5), the tensioning roller (63) and the squeezing roller (7) are arranged side by side, and a conveyor belt (64) is arranged among the driving roller (61), the driven roller (62) and the tensioning roller (63); a conveying motor (65) is installed on the support frame (5), and the output end of the driving motor is in transmission connection with the driving roller (61) through a belt.

8. The ship for recovering spilled oil on water and cleaning garbage according to claim 6, wherein the supporting frame (5) is further provided with an extrusion motor (71), and the output end of the extrusion motor (71) is in belt transmission connection with the extrusion roller (7).

9. The ship for recovering spilled oil on water and cleaning garbage according to claim 6, wherein the frame (2) is hinged with an electric push rod (51), and the output end of the electric push rod (51) is hinged with one end of the support frame (5); the other end of the support frame (5) is hinged with a guide rail (52), an electric slide rail (53) is arranged on the rack (2), and the guide rail (52) is sleeved on the electric slide rail (53).

10. The ship for recovering spilled oil on water and cleaning garbage according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a roll paper support (8) is fixed on the frame (2), an oil absorbing roll paper (81) is installed on the roll paper support (8), a plurality of guide rollers (9) are rotatably installed on the frame (2), the roll paper passes through the guide rollers (9), a guide roller motor (91) is installed on the frame (2), and an output end of the guide roller motor (91) is connected with one of the guide rollers (9).