CN215578643U

CN215578643U - Hydrogen supply system for fuel cell

Info

Publication number: CN215578643U
Application number: CN202122039192.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐增师; 王振; 潘建欣; 花仕洋; 张奥
Original assignee: Wuhan Hydrogen Energy and Fuel Cell Industry Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Hydrogen Energy and Fuel Cell Industry Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-26
Filing date: 2021-08-26
Publication date: 2022-01-18
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-26

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell, which comprises a hydrogen supply assembly, a fuel cell, a circulation assembly and a heat exchanger, wherein the circulation assembly comprises a first pipeline, a gas-liquid separator, a second pipeline and a compressor, one end of the first pipeline is communicated with a hydrogen supply end of the hydrogen supply assembly, the other end of the first pipeline is communicated with a hydrogenation end of the fuel cell, one end of the second pipeline is communicated with an exhaust end of the fuel cell, the other end of the second pipeline is communicated with a gas inlet end of the gas-liquid separator, a gas inlet end of the compressor is communicated with a gas outlet end of the gas-liquid separator, and a gas outlet end of the compressor is communicated with the hydrogenation end of the fuel cell and is used for pressurizing gas; the heat exchanger is thermally connected with the first pipeline and the second pipeline and is used for exchanging heat of fluid flowing through the first pipeline and the second pipeline. The utility model utilizes the heat of the tail gas to heat the hydrogen raw material, condenses the water vapor in the tail gas through the cold energy of the hydrogen raw material, and removes the water vapor through the gas-liquid separator.

Description

Hydrogen supply system for fuel cell

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell.

Background

The fuel cell is a chemical device which directly converts chemical energy of fuel into electric energy, the gas storage cylinder outputs high-pressure low-temperature hydrogen, the hydrogen and an oxidant act in the fuel cell to generate electric energy and water, and the discharged high-temperature gas of the fuel cell contains hydrogen and water vapor, so that the discharged hydrogen needs to be recycled.

The utility model discloses a pressure energy driven hydrogen circulating pump device suitable for a hydrogen fuel cell automobile, which comprises an expansion-compression integrated machine, wherein the expansion-compression integrated machine comprises a hydrogen expansion machine and a hydrogen pump. The high-pressure hydrogen enters an expander to be decompressed, and simultaneously, expansion work W is output outwards and directly drives a hydrogen pump; the unreacted hydrogen in the fuel cell is recycled under the driving of a hydrogen pump; the expansion-compression integrated machine drives the hydrogen circulating pump by utilizing the pressure energy stored in the high-pressure hydrogen, and the pressure energy of the high-pressure hydrogen is recycled.

Above-mentioned patent has the defect, contains high temperature hydrogen and steam in the exhaust tail gas of fuel cell, and above-mentioned patent is not cooled down and water vapor separation to tail gas, and untreated tail gas directly gets into fuel cell after mixing with hydrogen, can influence fuel cell's normal work.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above, there is a need for a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell, which solves the technical problem of recycling high-temperature hydrogen and water vapor in the tail gas of the fuel cell.

In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present invention provides a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell, including:

a hydrogen supply assembly;

a fuel cell;

the circulating assembly comprises a first pipeline, a gas-liquid separator, a second pipeline and a compressor, wherein one end of the first pipeline is communicated with a hydrogen supply end of the hydrogen supply assembly, the other end of the first pipeline is communicated with a hydrogenation end of the fuel cell, one end of the second pipeline is communicated with an exhaust end of the fuel cell, the other end of the second pipeline is communicated with a gas inlet end of the gas-liquid separator, a gas inlet end of the compressor is communicated with a gas outlet end of the gas-liquid separator, and a gas outlet end of the compressor is communicated with the hydrogenation end of the fuel cell and is used for pressurizing gas; and

a heat exchanger thermally coupled to the first and second conduits for exchanging heat with fluid flowing through the first and second conduits.

Further, the hydrogen supply assembly comprises a hydrogen storage tank, and an air outlet end of the hydrogen storage tank is communicated with one end of the first pipeline.

Further, the hydrogen supply assembly further comprises a hydrogen supply pipeline, a tight-cutting valve and a filter, one end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is communicated with the gas outlet end of the hydrogen storage tank, the other end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is communicated with one end of the first pipeline, and the tight-cutting valve and the filter are sequentially installed in the hydrogen supply pipeline along the gas supply direction of the hydrogen supply pipeline.

Furthermore, the circulation component further comprises a turbine, wherein the gas inlet end of the turbine is communicated with the other end of the hydrogen supply pipeline, the gas outlet end of the turbine is communicated with one end of the first pipeline, and the turbine is used for reducing the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen output by the hydrogen storage tank and outputting mechanical work to drive the compressor to compress the gas.

Further, the circulation assembly further comprises a safety valve, and the safety valve is mounted on the first pipeline and arranged at the gas outlet end of the turbine.

Further, the circulation assembly further comprises a driving member, an output end of the driving member is connected to the compressor, and the driving member is used for driving the compressor to compress gas alone or in cooperation with the turbine.

Further, the circulation assembly further comprises a check valve, and the check valve is mounted on the second pipeline and arranged at the hydrogenation end of the fuel cell.

Further, still include first barometer, first barometer install in the hydrogen supply pipeline for detect the atmospheric pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline.

Further, the fuel cell further comprises a second barometer, and the second barometer is installed at the hydrogenation end of the fuel cell.

Further, the fuel cell system also comprises a third air pressure meter which is arranged at the exhaust end of the fuel cell.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: high-pressure low temperature hydrogen in the hydrogen supply subassembly gets into fuel cell behind the heat exchanger, and carry out electrochemical reaction at fuel cell, in the high temperature tail gas that fuel cell produced, there are vapor and the hydrogen of complete reaction, when high temperature tail gas passes through the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger gives high-pressure low temperature hydrogen fuel with the heat transfer of high temperature tail gas, make the vapor condensation in the high temperature tail gas, when tail gas passes through vapour and liquid separator, gas and the moisture of gas-liquid separator in to the tail gas move the gas-liquid separation, the tail gas after the processing gets into the compressor and steps up, gas after stepping up and hydrogen fuel mix the back and get into fuel cell, can reuse unreacted hydrogen in the fuel cell tail gas.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the utility model and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the utility model and not to limit the scope of the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell, comprising a hydrogen supply assembly 1, a fuel cell 2, a circulation assembly 3 and a heat exchanger 4, wherein the circulation assembly 3 comprises a first pipeline 31, a gas-liquid separator 32, a second pipeline 33 and a compressor 34, one end of the first pipeline 31 is communicated with a hydrogen supply end of the hydrogen supply assembly 1, the other end is communicated with a hydrogenation end of the fuel cell 2, one end of the second pipeline 33 is communicated with an exhaust end of the fuel cell 2, the other end is communicated with a gas inlet end of the gas-liquid separator 32, a gas inlet end of the compressor 34 is communicated with a gas outlet end of the gas-liquid separator 32, and a gas outlet end of the compressor 34 is communicated with the hydrogenation end of the fuel cell 2 for pressurizing gas; the heat exchanger 4 is thermally connected to the first and

second pipes

31 and 33, and exchanges heat with the fluid flowing through the first and

second pipes

31 and 33.

Wherein, be formed with the heat transfer runner in the heat exchanger 4, the heat transfer runner constitutes first pipeline 31 and a part of second pipeline 33 respectively, takes place the heat transfer when low temperature hydrogen raw materials and high temperature tail gas flow through the heat transfer runner in the heat exchanger 4, heats up the hydrogen raw materials, cools down the high temperature tail gas.

In one embodiment, the hydrogen supply module 1 includes a hydrogen storage tank 11, and an outlet end of the hydrogen storage tank 11 communicates with one end of the first pipe 31.

In one embodiment, the hydrogen supply assembly 1 further includes a hydrogen supply pipe 12, a pinch valve 13 and a filter 14, one end of the hydrogen supply pipe 12 is communicated with the gas outlet end of the hydrogen storage tank 11, the other end is communicated with one end of the first pipe 31, and the pinch valve 13 and the filter 14 are sequentially installed on the hydrogen supply pipe 12 along the gas supply direction of the hydrogen supply pipe 12.

In one embodiment, the circulation assembly 3 further comprises a turbine 35, wherein an inlet end of the turbine 35 is communicated with the other end of the hydrogen supply pipeline 12, and an outlet end of the turbine 35 is communicated with one end of the first pipeline 31, and is used for reducing the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen output from the hydrogen storage tank 11 and outputting mechanical work to drive the compressor 34 to compress the gas.

The connection between the turbine 35 and the compressor 34 is prior art and will not be described in detail in this application.

In one embodiment, the circulation assembly 3 further comprises a safety valve 36, and the safety valve 36 is mounted to the first pipe 31 and disposed at the outlet end of the turbine 35.

In one embodiment, the circulation assembly 3 further comprises a drive member 37, an output of the drive member 37 being connected to the compressor 34 for driving the compressor 34 to compress the gas, either alone or in conjunction with the turbine 35.

The driving member 37 may be an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, or the like.

In one embodiment, the circulation assembly further comprises a check valve 38, the check valve 38 being mounted to the second conduit and disposed at the hydrogenation end of the fuel cell 2. By providing the check valve 38, reverse entry of exhaust gas into the fuel cell 2 is avoided.

In one embodiment, the hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell further includes a first barometer 5, and the first barometer 5 is mounted to the hydrogen supply pipe 12 for detecting the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen supply pipe 12. By providing the first barometer 5, the pressure of the hydrogen supply line 12 can be detected.

In one embodiment, the hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell further comprises a second gas pressure gauge 6, and the second gas pressure gauge 6 is installed at the hydrogenation end of the fuel cell 2. By providing the second gas pressure gauge 6, the gas pressure at the hydrogen addition side of the fuel cell 2 can be detected.

In one embodiment thereof, the hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell further includes a third barometer 7, and the third barometer 7 is mounted at the exhaust end of the fuel cell 2. By providing the third barometer 7, the air pressure at the exhaust end of the fuel cell 2 can be detected.

The specific working process of the utility model is as follows: the high-pressure low-temperature hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 11 is delivered to a turbine 35 through a tight-cut valve 13 and a filter 14 to be depressurized to form low-pressure low-temperature hydrogen, the low-pressure low-temperature hydrogen passes through a safety valve 36, a heat exchanger 4 and a check valve 38, and finally enters a fuel cell with hydrogen at a certain temperature and pressure for electrochemical reaction, and in high-temperature tail gas generated by the fuel cell, when water vapor and hydrogen which is not completely reacted exist, the heat exchanger 4 transfers the heat of the high-temperature tail gas to the low-temperature hydrogen fuel when the high-temperature tail gas passes through the heat exchanger 4, the water vapor in the high-temperature tail gas is condensed, when the tail gas passes through the gas-liquid separator 32, the gas-liquid separator 32 separates gas and water in the tail gas, the treated tail gas enters the compressor 34 to be pressurized, the pressurized gas and hydrogen fuel are mixed and then enter the fuel cell 2, and the unreacted hydrogen in the tail gas of the fuel cell 2 can be recycled.

When high pressure low temperature hydrogen fuel passes through turbine 35 step-down and forms low pressure low temperature hydrogen, output mechanical power direct drive compressor 34, low temperature hydrogen passes through heat exchanger 4 condensation high temperature tail gas, has effectively recycled high pressure hydrogen's pressure energy and low temperature hydrogen's internal energy. In addition, the turbine 35 and the motor drive the compressor 34 individually or in cooperation, which effectively solves the problem of the power generation performance reduction or shutdown of the fuel cell 2 caused by insufficient pressure energy or motor failure.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell, comprising:

a hydrogen supply assembly;

a fuel cell;

2. A hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen supply assembly includes a hydrogen storage tank, an outlet end of which communicates with one end of the first pipe.

3. The hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the hydrogen supply assembly further comprises a hydrogen supply pipe, a pinch valve and a filter, one end of the hydrogen supply pipe is communicated with the gas outlet end of the hydrogen storage tank, the other end of the hydrogen supply pipe is communicated with one end of the first pipe, and the pinch valve and the filter are sequentially installed in the hydrogen supply pipe along the gas supply direction of the hydrogen supply pipe.

4. The hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein the circulation assembly further comprises a turbine having an inlet end communicating with the other end of the hydrogen supply pipe and an outlet end communicating with one end of the first pipe, for depressurizing the high-pressure hydrogen gas output from the hydrogen storage tank while outputting mechanical work to drive the compressor to compress the gas.

5. The hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein the circulation assembly further comprises a safety valve, the safety valve being mounted to the first pipe and provided at an outlet end of the turbine.

6. A hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 5, wherein the circulation assembly further includes a drive member having an output connected to the compressor for driving the compressor to compress gas either alone or in conjunction with the turbine.

7. The hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the circulation assembly further comprises a check valve mounted to the second conduit and disposed at a hydrogen addition end of the fuel cell.

8. A hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell according to claim 3, further comprising a first barometer mounted to the hydrogen supply conduit for detecting a pressure of the gas in the hydrogen supply conduit.

9. A hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell according to claim 2, further comprising a second barometer mounted to the hydrogen addition end of the fuel cell.

10. A hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell according to claim 2, further comprising a third barometer mounted to a gas exhaust end of the fuel cell.