CN115478910B - Preheating system of expansion machine - Google Patents
Preheating system of expansion machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN115478910B CN115478910B CN202211172261.2A CN202211172261A CN115478910B CN 115478910 B CN115478910 B CN 115478910B CN 202211172261 A CN202211172261 A CN 202211172261A CN 115478910 B CN115478910 B CN 115478910B
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- preheating
- expansion
- air inlet
- volute
- expander
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
- F01D25/10—Heating, e.g. warming-up before starting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/14—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating wherein gaseous cooling medium circulates between the machine casing and a surrounding mantle
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides an expander preheats system, gas gets into inside the motor housing from the air inlet nozzle through casing air inlet channel and bearing frame air inlet channel, take away stator and rotor during operation heat production, gas temperature rises, gas gets into the expansion end director through the gap between expansion end bearing frame and the rotor again, get into first preheating chamber through director exhaust passage for carry out the primary preheating to expansion spiral case, the gas in the first preheating chamber gets into the second through preheating air inlet channel and preheats the chamber, be used for carrying out the secondary to expansion spiral case and preheat the gas in the second preheating chamber outwards discharges from preheating the exhaust passage. Before the high-temperature gas discharged by the fuel cell pile enters the expander, the gas with a certain temperature enters the first preheating cavity and the second preheating cavity, and the expansion volute channel are fully preheated, so that the temperature difference between the expander and the high-temperature gas discharged by the fuel cell pile is reduced, the condensation amount is greatly reduced, the flooding of the expander is avoided, and the performance of the expander is ensured.
Description
Technical field:
the invention relates to an expander preheating system.
The background technology is as follows:
at present, the development of new energy fuel cell automobiles is considered as an important link of traffic energy power transformation, and in order to ensure the normal operation of fuel cell engines, the engines generally need auxiliary systems such as a hydrogen supply subsystem, an air supply subsystem, a circulating water cooling management subsystem and the like, and a great deal of researches show that the supply of high-pressure and large-flow air has obvious effect on improving the power output of the existing fuel cell engines. Therefore, a centrifugal air compressor is an energy conversion device for achieving the aim, which is one of important parts of an air supply system of a fuel cell engine, for boosting intake air before the intake air enters the engine.
The applicant applies for patent application with publication number of CN114893419A, namely a fuel cell single-stage high-speed centrifugal air compressor and expander integrated system, which discloses a structural form of integrating an air compressor and an expander, and when the air compressor and the expander specifically work, high-temperature gas exhausted by a fuel cell stack enters the expander to push an expansion impeller to rotate, and the expansion impeller is used for recovering gas energy exhausted by the fuel cell stack and providing assistance for a rotor. Because the high-temperature gas discharged by the fuel cell stack contains a certain amount of water vapor, the water is condensed into water when the high-temperature gas enters the expander, the larger the temperature difference is, the larger the condensation water is, the normal operation of the expander is affected, and the expander is flooded due to heavy weight, so that no good method for solving the problems is available at present.
In summary, the problem of condensation of the expander has become a technical problem to be solved in the industry.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention provides an expander preheating system for overcoming the defects in the prior art, solves the problem that high-temperature gas discharged by a fuel cell stack in the past can be condensed into water when entering the expander, reduces the temperature difference and reduces the condensation amount.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the preheating system of the expansion machine comprises a motor shell, a stator and a rotor, wherein a compression end bearing seat and an expansion end bearing seat for supporting the rotor are respectively arranged on the inner sides of two ends of the motor shell, an expansion end guide is arranged on the outer side of the expansion end bearing seat, an expansion impeller is arranged on the outer side of the rotor penetrating out of the expansion end guide, an expansion volute connected with the motor shell is arranged on the outer side of the expansion impeller, an expansion volute channel is arranged in the expansion volute, and an expansion end air inlet and an expansion end air outlet which are communicated with the expansion volute channel are arranged on the expansion volute channel;
the motor shell is provided with an air inlet nozzle and a shell air inlet channel, a bearing seat air inlet channel is arranged in a bearing seat of the compression end, a guide exhaust channel is arranged in a guide of the expansion end, a first preheating cavity is arranged between the motor shell and the expansion volute, a second preheating cavity is arranged in the side wall of the expansion volute, a preheating air inlet channel which is used for communicating the first preheating cavity with the second preheating cavity is arranged in the side wall of the expansion volute, and a preheating exhaust channel which is used for communicating the second preheating cavity is arranged in the side wall of the expansion volute;
the gas enters the motor shell from the air inlet nozzle through the shell air inlet channel and the bearing seat air inlet channel, heat generated during the working of the stator and the rotor is taken away, the temperature of the gas is increased, the gas enters the expansion end guide through a gap between the expansion end bearing seat and the rotor, enters the first preheating cavity through the guide air outlet channel and is used for carrying out primary preheating on the expansion volute, the gas in the first preheating cavity enters the second preheating cavity through the preheating air inlet channel and is used for carrying out secondary preheating on the expansion volute, and the gas in the second preheating cavity is discharged outwards from the preheating air outlet channel.
The second preheating cavity is annularly arranged in the side wall of the expansion volute.
The second preheating cavity is arranged in the side wall of the expansion volute and is close to the expansion volute.
The preheating air inlet channel is arranged in the side wall of the expansion volute and is close to the air inlet of the expansion end.
The preheating exhaust passage is communicated with the air outlet of the expansion end.
The preheating air inlet channel and the preheating air outlet channel are arranged on two opposite sides of the second preheating cavity.
The invention adopts the scheme and has the following advantages:
the first preheating cavity is arranged between the motor shell and the expansion volute, the expansion volute can be preheated first-stage, the second preheating cavity is arranged in the side wall of the expansion volute, the expansion volute is preheated second-stage, the gas with a certain temperature enters the first preheating cavity and the second preheating cavity before the high-temperature gas exhausted by the fuel cell stack enters the expander, the expansion volute and the expansion volute channel are fully preheated, the temperature difference between the expander and the high-temperature gas exhausted by the fuel cell stack is reduced, the condensate volume is greatly reduced, the impact damage of liquid drops to the expansion impeller is reduced, flooding of the expander is avoided, and the performance of the expander is ensured.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an expansion end guide according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a motor shell, 2, a stator, 3, a rotor, 4, a compression end bearing seat, 5, an expansion end bearing seat, 6, an expansion end guide, 7, an expansion impeller, 8, an expansion spiral case, 9, an expansion spiral case channel, 10, an expansion end air inlet, 11, an expansion end air outlet, 12, an air inlet nozzle, 13, a shell air inlet channel, 14, a bearing seat air inlet channel, 15, a guide air outlet channel, 16, a first preheating cavity, 17, a second preheating cavity, 18, a preheating air inlet channel, 19 and a preheating air outlet channel.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
in order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-2, an expander preheating system comprises a motor shell 1, a stator 2 and a rotor 3, wherein a compression end bearing seat 4 and an expansion end bearing seat 5 for supporting the rotor 3 are respectively arranged on the inner sides of two ends of the motor shell 1, an expansion end guide 6 is arranged on the outer side of the expansion end bearing seat 5, an expansion impeller 7 is arranged on the rotor penetrating expansion end guide 6, an expansion volute 8 connected with the motor shell 1 is arranged on the outer side of the expansion impeller 7, an expansion volute 9 is arranged in the expansion volute 8, and an expansion end air inlet 10 and an expansion end air outlet 11 which are communicated with the expansion volute 9 are arranged on the expansion volute 8;
the motor housing 1 is provided with an air inlet nozzle 12 and a housing air inlet channel 13, a bearing seat air inlet channel 14 is arranged in a bearing seat 4 at a compression end, a guide exhaust channel 15 is arranged in a guide 6 at an expansion end, a first preheating cavity 16 is arranged between the motor housing 1 and the expansion spiral case 8, a second preheating cavity 17 is arranged in the side wall of the expansion spiral case 8, a preheating air inlet channel 18 which is used for communicating the first preheating cavity 16 with the second preheating cavity 17 is arranged in the side wall of the expansion spiral case 8, and a preheating exhaust channel 19 which is used for communicating with the second preheating cavity 17 is arranged in the side wall of the expansion spiral case 8;
the gas enters the motor shell 1 from the air inlet nozzle 12 through the shell air inlet channel 13 and the bearing seat air inlet channel 14, heat generated during the working of the stator 2 and the rotor 3 is taken away, the temperature of the gas is increased, the gas enters the expansion end guide 6 through a gap between the expansion end bearing seat 5 and the rotor 3, the gas enters the first preheating cavity 16 through the guide air outlet channel 15 for carrying out primary preheating on the expansion spiral case 8, the gas in the first preheating cavity 16 enters the second preheating cavity 17 through the preheating air inlet channel 18 for carrying out secondary preheating on the expansion spiral case 8, and the gas in the second preheating cavity 17 is discharged outwards from the preheating air outlet channel 19.
The second preheating cavity 17 is annularly arranged in the side wall of the expansion spiral case 8, so that the space of the expansion spiral case 8 can be fully utilized, the preheating area is increased, and the preheating effect is enhanced.
The second preheating cavity 17 is arranged in the side wall of the expansion volute 8 and is close to the expansion volute 9, high-temperature gas exhausted by the fuel cell stack enters the expansion volute 9 directly after entering from the air inlet 10 at the expansion end, and the second preheating cavity 17 can enhance the preheating effect on the expansion volute 9 and reduce the temperature difference as far as possible.
The preheating air inlet passage 18 is provided in the side wall of the expansion scroll 8 near the expansion-end air inlet 10, and can preheat the expansion-end air inlet 10.
The preheating exhaust passage 19 is communicated with the expansion end air outlet 11, and can directly exhaust the air in the second preheating cavity 17 into the expansion end air outlet 11.
The preheating air inlet channel 18 and the preheating air outlet channel 19 are arranged on two opposite sides of the second preheating cavity 17, so that the residence time of the gas in the second preheating cavity 17 can be prolonged, the sufficient heat exchange can be performed, and the preheating effect can be enhanced.
Working principle:
before the high-temperature gas discharged by the fuel cell stack enters the expander, the gas enters the motor housing 1 from the air inlet nozzle 12 through the housing air inlet channel 13 and the bearing seat air inlet channel 14, heat generated during the operation of the stator 2 and the rotor 3 is taken away, the temperature of the gas can be reduced, the gas is increased, the gas enters the expansion end guide 6 through a gap between the expansion end bearing seat 5 and the rotor 3, the gas enters the first preheating cavity 16 through the guide air outlet channel 15 for carrying out primary preheating on the expansion spiral case 8, the gas in the first preheating cavity 16 enters the second preheating cavity 17 through the preheating air inlet channel 18 for carrying out secondary preheating on the expansion spiral case 8, so that the temperature difference between the expander and the high-temperature gas discharged by the fuel cell stack is reduced, after the preheating is finished, the high-temperature gas discharged by the fuel cell stack enters the expander again, the first preheating cavity 16 and the second preheating cavity 17 can be continuously supplied with the gas to be preheated, and the temperature difference is kept at a certain temperature for reducing, and the purpose of reducing the condensation amount is achieved, and the gas in the second preheating cavity 17 is discharged from the air outlet 19 to the expansion end 11.
The above embodiments are not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, and any alternatives or modifications to the embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art and fall within the scope of the invention.
The present invention is not described in detail in the present application, and is well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. An expander preheating system, characterized by: the motor comprises a motor shell, a stator and a rotor, wherein a compression end bearing seat and an expansion end bearing seat for supporting the rotor are respectively arranged on the inner sides of two ends of the motor shell, an expansion end guide is arranged on the outer side of the expansion end bearing seat, an expansion impeller is arranged on the outer side of the rotor penetrating out of the expansion end guide, an expansion volute connected with the motor shell is arranged on the outer side of the expansion impeller, an expansion volute channel is arranged in the expansion volute, and an expansion end air inlet and an expansion end air outlet which are communicated with the expansion volute channel are arranged on the expansion volute channel;
the motor shell is provided with an air inlet nozzle and a shell air inlet channel, a bearing seat air inlet channel is arranged in a bearing seat of the compression end, a guide exhaust channel is arranged in a guide of the expansion end, a first preheating cavity is arranged between the motor shell and the expansion volute, a second preheating cavity is arranged in the side wall of the expansion volute, a preheating air inlet channel which is used for communicating the first preheating cavity with the second preheating cavity is arranged in the side wall of the expansion volute, and a preheating exhaust channel which is used for communicating the second preheating cavity is arranged in the side wall of the expansion volute;
the gas enters the motor shell from the air inlet nozzle through the shell air inlet channel and the bearing seat air inlet channel, heat generated during the working of the stator and the rotor is taken away, the temperature of the gas is increased, the gas enters the expansion end guide through a gap between the expansion end bearing seat and the rotor, enters the first preheating cavity through the guide air outlet channel and is used for carrying out primary preheating on the expansion volute, the gas in the first preheating cavity enters the second preheating cavity through the preheating air inlet channel and is used for carrying out secondary preheating on the expansion volute, and the gas in the second preheating cavity is discharged outwards from the preheating air outlet channel.
2. An expander preheating system according to claim 1, wherein: the second preheating cavity is annularly arranged in the side wall of the expansion volute.
3. An expander preheating system according to claim 1, wherein: the second preheating cavity is arranged in the side wall of the expansion volute and is close to the expansion volute.
4. An expander preheating system according to claim 1, wherein: the preheating air inlet channel is arranged in the side wall of the expansion volute and is close to the air inlet of the expansion end.
5. An expander preheating system according to claim 1, wherein: the preheating exhaust passage is communicated with the air outlet of the expansion end.
6. An expander preheating system according to claim 1, wherein: the preheating air inlet channel and the preheating air outlet channel are arranged on two opposite sides of the second preheating cavity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211172261.2A CN115478910B (en) | 2022-09-26 | 2022-09-26 | Preheating system of expansion machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211172261.2A CN115478910B (en) | 2022-09-26 | 2022-09-26 | Preheating system of expansion machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115478910A CN115478910A (en) | 2022-12-16 |
| CN115478910B true CN115478910B (en) | 2023-06-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211172261.2A Active CN115478910B (en) | 2022-09-26 | 2022-09-26 | Preheating system of expansion machine |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN115478910B (en) |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4123200A (en) * | 1974-02-14 | 1978-10-31 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Company Limited | Gas-dynamic pressure-wave machine |
| US6308513B1 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2001-10-30 | Takefumi Hatanaka | Turbine and gas turbine |
| DE102005025981A1 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2008-03-27 | Remstedt, Hans Gotthard, Dr. | Electrical energy generating method for expansion turbine of power plant, involves expanding superheated steam under input pressure for turbine power and re-compressing expanded steam, where steam is derived from low boiling liquid |
| CN202187800U (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2012-04-11 | 沈阳鼓风机集团股份有限公司 | Two-stage gear assembled entad expansion machine |
| CN102661175A (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2012-09-12 | 西安交通大学 | Compressed air energy storage system |
| JP2013135597A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-08 | Jtekt Corp | Expander with power generation function, and fuel cell system |
| CN105587427A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-05-18 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Engine waste heat recovery power generation system based on organic Rankine cycle |
| FR3067385A1 (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2018-12-14 | Exoes | RELAXATION MACHINE AND METHODS OF USING SUCH A MACHINE |
| CN110905609A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-03-24 | 上海慕帆动力科技有限公司 | High-parameter ORC turbine power generation equipment applied to engine waste heat recovery and ORC device |
| CN112983848A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-18 | 北京稳力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell stack and gas supply device |
| CN114483213A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-05-13 | 杭州新亚低温科技有限公司 | Large-flow cryogenic gas bearing turboexpander |
| CN114893419A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-08-12 | 烟台东德实业有限公司 | Fuel cell single-stage high-speed centrifugal air compressor and expansion machine integrated system |
-
2022
- 2022-09-26 CN CN202211172261.2A patent/CN115478910B/en active Active
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4123200A (en) * | 1974-02-14 | 1978-10-31 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Company Limited | Gas-dynamic pressure-wave machine |
| US6308513B1 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2001-10-30 | Takefumi Hatanaka | Turbine and gas turbine |
| DE102005025981A1 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2008-03-27 | Remstedt, Hans Gotthard, Dr. | Electrical energy generating method for expansion turbine of power plant, involves expanding superheated steam under input pressure for turbine power and re-compressing expanded steam, where steam is derived from low boiling liquid |
| CN202187800U (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2012-04-11 | 沈阳鼓风机集团股份有限公司 | Two-stage gear assembled entad expansion machine |
| JP2013135597A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-08 | Jtekt Corp | Expander with power generation function, and fuel cell system |
| CN102661175A (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2012-09-12 | 西安交通大学 | Compressed air energy storage system |
| CN105587427A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-05-18 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Engine waste heat recovery power generation system based on organic Rankine cycle |
| FR3067385A1 (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2018-12-14 | Exoes | RELAXATION MACHINE AND METHODS OF USING SUCH A MACHINE |
| CN110905609A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-03-24 | 上海慕帆动力科技有限公司 | High-parameter ORC turbine power generation equipment applied to engine waste heat recovery and ORC device |
| CN112983848A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-18 | 北京稳力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell stack and gas supply device |
| CN114483213A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-05-13 | 杭州新亚低温科技有限公司 | Large-flow cryogenic gas bearing turboexpander |
| CN114893419A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-08-12 | 烟台东德实业有限公司 | Fuel cell single-stage high-speed centrifugal air compressor and expansion machine integrated system |
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| CN115478910A (en) | 2022-12-16 |
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