CN215008562U - Shark fin smart antenna - Google Patents
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- CN215008562U CN215008562U CN202120964017.4U CN202120964017U CN215008562U CN 215008562 U CN215008562 U CN 215008562U CN 202120964017 U CN202120964017 U CN 202120964017U CN 215008562 U CN215008562 U CN 215008562U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a shark fin smart antenna relates to car antenna technical field, including shark fin shell and base, the shark fin shell with a shark fin formula inner chamber is constituteed to the base, be provided with the LAN mainboard in the inner chamber, the LAN mainboard is fixed on the base, be provided with 5G main antenna, 5G auxiliary antenna, 5G-MIMO1 antenna, 5G-MIMO2 antenna, GNSS antenna, V2X-F antenna, V2X-R antenna and WIFI antenna on the LAN mainboard. The utility model discloses set up 8 antennas altogether, through reasonable layout, the different working frequency channels of the inner chamber space of make full use of shark fin formula antenna and 8 antennas increase the physical distance between 8 antennas, reduce space coupling and surface wave coupling between 8 antennas, and isolation between the antenna is good.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an automobile antenna technical field, in particular to shark fin smart antenna.
Background
At present, mainstream vehicle-mounted communication antennas are often designed in shark fins, and a 2G/3G/4G main antenna, a 2G/3G/4G diversity antenna, a GNSS satellite positioning antenna, an AM/FM radio antenna and the like are arranged in the shark fin intelligent antenna. The advent of 5G technology provides higher transmission rates and transmission quality: the blueprint for a 5G network is 100 times as high as 4G, which would reach 10Gbit/s, low latency less than 1ms, high density supporting 1000 billion connections, and high capacity 1000 times 4G. The 5G antenna is applied to the vehicle, the application of the vehicle networking, unmanned driving and the like can be a trend, the 5G antenna is integrated in the shark fin shell, the purchasing and using cost is saved, the installation position does not need to be found in the other place of the vehicle body, and the shark fin antenna has the characteristics of economy, attractiveness, strong received signal and the like.
With the technology of the vehicle-mounted 5G and V2X becoming mature, when the multimedia receiver, the positioning navigation receiving end and the communication module are more and more integrated into one LAN main board, more antennas are needed to realize the functions, and the shark fin has limited internal space and needs to be integrated with multiple antennas, which causes poor antenna isolation, crosstalk between signals and influences antenna performance. How to avoid the loss of cable to guarantee the isolation performance between the antenna, how to rationally distribute the antenna in shark fin, effectively utilize the space to become the problem of shark fin antenna field focus attention.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a shark fin smart antenna to solve the technical problem who exists among the above-mentioned background art.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:
a shark fin type intelligent antenna comprises a shark fin type outer shell and a base, wherein a shark fin type inner cavity is formed by the shark fin type outer shell and the base, a LAN main board is arranged in the inner cavity and fixed on the base, a 5G main antenna, a 5G auxiliary antenna, a 5G-MIMO1 antenna, a 5G-MIMO2 antenna, a GNSS antenna, a V2X-F antenna, a V2X-R antenna and a WIFI antenna are arranged on the LAN main board, the 5G main antenna, the 5G auxiliary antenna, the 5G-MIMO1 antenna, the 5G-MIMO2 antenna, the GNSS antenna, the V2X-F antenna, the V2X-R antenna and the WIFI antenna are respectively connected with a coaxial cable, a wire outlet is formed in the base, and the coaxial cable penetrates through the wire outlet and is connected with a terminal device; the GNSS antenna is located at the front end of the LAN mainboard, the 5G main antenna is located at the rear end of the LAN mainboard, the 5G auxiliary antenna is located in the middle of the LAN mainboard, the 5G-MIMO1 antenna and the 5G-MIMO2 antenna are respectively located at the left side and the right side of the LAN mainboard, which are close to one end of the 5G main antenna, the WIFI antenna and the V2X-R antenna are respectively located at the left side and the right side of the LAN mainboard, which are close to one end of the CNSS antenna, and the V2X-F antenna is located between the 5G-MIMO1 antenna and the 5G main antenna.
Preferably, the 5G main antenna, the 5G auxiliary antenna, the 5G-MIMO1 antenna, the 5G-MIMO2 antenna, the V2X-R antenna and the WIFI antenna are all in the form of PCBs, the V2X-F antenna is in the form of steel sheets, and the GNSS antenna is in the form of double-layer stacked ceramics.
Preferably, the 5G main antenna and the 5G auxiliary antenna are vertically arranged, the 5G-MIMO2 antenna and the 5G main antenna are vertically arranged, and an included angle exists between the 5G-MIMO1 antenna and the 5G main antenna.
Preferably, the frequency ranges of the V2X-F antennas are 5855 + 5925MHZ, the frequency ranges of the 5G main antennas are 700 + 960MHZ, 1710 + 2690MHZ and 3300 + 5000MHZ, the frequency ranges of the V2X-R antennas are 5855 + 5925MHZ, and the frequency ranges of the 5G auxiliary antennas are 700 + 960MHZ, 1710 + 2690MHZ and 3300 + 5000 MHZ.
Preferably, the frequency ranges 2400-.
Preferably, a waterproof ring is arranged between the shark fin shell and the base, a waterproof wire plug is arranged in the wire outlet, and the waterproof wire plug is matched with the wire outlet and the coaxial cable.
Preferably, the signal leg of the V2X-R antenna does not coincide with the parallel projection of the ground leg, and the signal leg of the WIFI antenna does not coincide with the parallel projection of the ground leg.
Preferably, the top ends of the 5G main antenna and the 5G auxiliary antenna respectively extend upwards to the highest point of the inner cavity, and the heights of the V2X-R antenna, the WIFI antenna, the 5G-MIMO1 antenna and the 5G-MIMO2 antenna are all lower than the height of the 5G auxiliary antenna.
Preferably, the 5G main antenna is compatible with 2G, 3G and 4G operating frequency bands, and the 5G auxiliary antenna is compatible with 4G operating frequency bands.
Preferably, the base is a zinc seat, and the shark fin shell and the zinc seat are fixed through screws.
The utility model discloses a technological effect and advantage:
(1) the utility model discloses set up 8 antennas altogether, through reasonable layout, make full use of shark fin formula antenna's inner chamber space and the different working frequency channels of 8 antennas, increase the physical distance between 8 antennas, reduce space coupling and surface wave coupling between 8 antennas, the isolation between the antenna is good;
(2) the GNSS antenna is used as a circularly polarized antenna and is arranged at the front end of the LAN mainboard, the influence surface of other antennas is small, and the precision is higher;
(3) the 5G auxiliary antenna is arranged in the middle of the LAN mainboard, and the shark fin antenna cavity in the middle is higher in height, so that the height of the 5G auxiliary antenna can be effectively increased, and the performance of the 5G auxiliary antenna is improved;
(4) the V2X-F antenna is located close to the 5G main antenna, the physical distance from the V2X-R antenna is much larger, and the directional effect of the V2X-F antenna on radiation in the 360 ° direction is smaller.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the antenna layout of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a 5G main antenna; 2. 5G auxiliary antenna; 3. 5G-MIMO1 antennas; 4. 5G-MIMO2 antennas; 5. a V2X-F antenna; 6. a V2X-R antenna; 7. a WIFI antenna; 8. a GNSS antenna; 9. a LAN motherboard; 10. a shark fin housing; 11. a base; 12. a coaxial cable.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-2, a shark fin smart antenna comprises a shark fin housing 10 and a base 11, the shark fin shell 10 and the base 11 form a shark fin type inner cavity, a LAN main board 9 is arranged in the inner cavity, the LAN mainboard 9 is fixed on the pedestal 11, the LAN mainboard 9 is provided with a 5G main antenna 1, a 5G auxiliary antenna 2, a 5G-MIMO1 antenna 3, a 5G-MIMO2 antenna 4, a GNSS antenna 8, a V2X-F antenna 5, a V2X-R antenna 6 and a WIFI antenna 7, the 5G main antenna 1, the 5G auxiliary antenna 2, the 5G-MIMO1 antenna 3, the 5G-MIMO2 antenna 4, the GNSS antenna 8, the V2X-F antenna 5, the V2X-R antenna 6 and the WIFI antenna 7 are respectively connected with a coaxial cable 12, a wire outlet hole is formed in the base 11, and the coaxial cable 12 penetrates through the wire outlet hole to be connected with terminal equipment; the GNSS antenna 8 is located at the front end of the LAN main board 9, the 5G main antenna 1 is located at the rear end of the LAN main board 9, the 5G sub-antenna 2 is located in the middle of the LAN main board 9, the 5G-MIMO1 antenna 3 and the 5G-MIMO2 antenna 4 are respectively located at the left and right sides of the LAN main board 9 near one end of the 5G main antenna 1, the WIFI antenna 7 and the V2X-R antenna 6 are respectively located at the left and right sides of the LAN main board 9 near one end of the CNSS antenna 8, and the V2X-F antenna 5 is located between the 5G-MIMO1 antenna 3 and the 5G main antenna 1; the 5G main antenna 1, the 5G auxiliary antenna 2, the 5G-MIMO1 antenna 3, the 5G-MIMO2 antenna 4, the V2X-R antenna 6 and the WIFI antenna 7 are all in a PCB form, the V2X-F antenna 5 is in a steel sheet form, and the GNSS antenna 8 is in a double-layer superposed ceramic form; the 5G main antenna 1 and the 5G auxiliary antenna 2 are vertically arranged, the 5G-MIMO2 antenna 3 and the 5G main antenna 1 are vertically arranged, and an included angle exists between the 5G-MIMO1 antenna 3 and the 5G main antenna 1;
5G main antenna 1 frequency: 700MHz-960MHz, 1710MHz-2690MHz, 3300MHz-5000MHz, standing wave ratio VSWR: 700MHz-960MHz is less than or equal to 3, 1710MHz-2690MHz is less than or equal to 2.5, 3300MHz-5000MHz is less than or equal to 2.5, efficiency: 700MHz-960MHz is more than or equal to 35%, 1710MHz-2690MHz is more than or equal to 50%, 3300MHz-5000MHz is more than or equal to 50%:
frequency of 5G sub-antenna 2: 700MHz-960MHz, 1710MHz-2690MHz, 3300MHz-5000MHz, standing wave ratio VSWR: 700MHz-960MHz is less than or equal to 5, 1710MHz-2690MHz is less than or equal to 3, 3300MHz-5000MHz is less than or equal to 3.5, efficiency: 700MHz-960MHz is more than or equal to 30%, 1710MHz-2690MHz is more than or equal to 50%, 3300MHz-5000MHz is more than or equal to 45%;
5G-MIMO1 antenna 3 frequency: 1710MHz-2690MHz, 3300MHz-5000MHz, standing wave ratio VSWR: 1710MHz-2690MHz is less than or equal to 3.5, 3300MHz-5000MHz is less than or equal to 3.5, efficiency: 1710MHz-2690MHz is more than or equal to 45 percent, 3300MHz-5000MHz is more than or equal to 45 percent;
5G-MIM02 antenna 4 frequency: 1710MHz-2690MHz, 3300MHz-5000MHz, standing wave ratio VSWR: 1710MHz-2690MHz is less than or equal to 3.0, 3300MHz-5000MHz is less than or equal to 3.0, efficiency: 1710MHz-2690MHz is more than or equal to 50%, 3300MHz-5000MHz is more than or equal to 50%;
V2X-F antenna 5 frequency: 5855MHz-5925MHz, standing wave ratio VSWR less than or equal to 2.0, efficiency more than or equal to 60%, gain more than or equal to 4 DB;
V2X-R antenna 6 frequency: 5855MHz-5925MHz, standing wave ratio VSWR: less than or equal to 2.0, and the efficiency is more than or equal to 50 percent; the gain is more than or equal to 4 DB;
frequency of the WIFI antenna 7: 2400MHz-2500MHz, 5150MHz-5850MHz, standing wave ratio VSWR: 2400MHz-2500MHz is less than or equal to 2.0, 5150MHz-5850MHz is less than or equal to 2.0, efficiency: 2400MHz-2500MHz is more than or equal to 50%, 5150MHz-5850MHz is more than or equal to 50%;
GNSS antenna 8 frequency band: (GPS L1/BDS B1)1559MHz-1610MHz, (GPS L5/BDS B5)1170MHz-1210MHz, LNA gain (dB): 28 +/-3, standing wave Ratio VSWR < 2.0, Axial Ratio (dB): elevation angle 90 degrees is less than or equal to 3, Noise coefficient Noise Figure (dB) is less than 2.2, DC Voltage (V) of direct current supply: 3-5, wherein the working current (mA) is less than 20;
the input Impedance impendence of the 5G main antenna 1, the 5G sub-antenna 2, the 5G-MIMO1 antenna 3, the 5G-MIM02 antenna 4, the V2X-F antenna 5, the V2X-R antenna 6, the WIFI antenna 7 and the GNSS antenna 8 is 50 Ω.
Through tests, the isolation between every two of the 5G main antenna 1, the 5G auxiliary antenna 2, the 5G-MIMO1 antenna 3, the 5G-MIMO2 antenna 4, the WIFI antenna 7, the V2X-F antenna 5 and the V2X-R antenna 6 is less than or equal to-10 dB; the isolation between any one of the four antennas, namely the 5G main antenna 1, the 5G-MIMO1 antenna 3, the 5G-MIMO2 antenna 4 and the V2X-F antenna 5, and the GNSS antenna 8 is less than or equal to-20 dB; in the three antennas of the 5G auxiliary antenna 2, the WIFI antenna 7 and the V2X-F antenna 5, the isolation between any one antenna and the GNSS antenna 8 is less than or equal to-15 dB.
In one embodiment, a waterproof ring is arranged between the shark fin housing 10 and the base 11, and the outlet hole is provided with a waterproof plug which is matched with the outlet hole and the coaxial cable 12.
In one embodiment, the signal leg of the V2X-R antenna 6 is not overlapped with the parallel projection of the ground leg, and the signal leg of the WIFI antenna 7 is not overlapped with the parallel projection of the ground leg.
In one embodiment, the top ends of the 5G main antenna 1 and the 5G auxiliary antenna 2 respectively extend upwards to the highest point of the inner cavity, and the heights of the V2X-R antenna 6, the WIFI antenna 7, the 5G-MIMO1 antenna 3 and the 5G-MIMO2 antenna 4 are all lower than that of the 5G auxiliary antenna 2.
In one embodiment, the 5G main antenna 1 is compatible with 2G, 3G and 4G operating frequency bands, and the 5G auxiliary antenna 2 is compatible with 4G operating frequency bands.
In one embodiment, the base is a zinc seat, and the shark fin shell and the zinc seat are fixed through screws.
In one embodiment, the angle between the 5G-MIMO1 antenna 3 and the 5G main antenna 1 is 45 °.
The utility model discloses the theory of operation:
under the conditions of the same environment, the same antenna spatial distance, the same antenna polarization and the same antenna type, the lower the frequency is, the longer the corresponding wavelength is, so that the larger the spatial coupling and the surface wave coupling between the two antennas are, the poorer the isolation degree is, the 5G main antenna 1 is arranged at the position close to the rear end of the LAN mainboard 9, the 5G auxiliary antenna 2 is arranged close to the GNSS antenna 8, the spatial distance between the two antennas is increased, and the isolation degree is good; the 5G main antenna 1 and the 5G auxiliary antenna 2 are vertically arranged, so that the correlation coefficient of the radiation field pattern of the antennas is reduced, the maximum radiation direction between the two antennas is different, the spatial coupling and the surface wave coupling are reduced, and the isolation is good;
the 5G-MIMO2 antenna 4 and the 5G main antenna 1 are also vertically arranged, so that the correlation coefficient of the antenna radiation pattern is reduced, the maximum radiation direction between the two antennas is different, the spatial coupling and the surface wave coupling are reduced, and the isolation is good;
an included angle is formed between the 5G-MIMO1 antenna 3 and the 5G main antenna 1, so that the correlation coefficient of the radiation pattern of the antenna can be reduced, the maximum radiation direction between the two antennas has an angle, the maximum radiation direction radiates towards different directions, and the isolation is best when the included angle is 45 degrees;
the frequency range of the V2X-F antenna 5 is 5855-5925MHZ, the frequency range of the 5G main antenna 1 is 700-960/1710-2690/3300-5000MHZ, the V2X-F antenna is debugged, and under the condition that the efficiency of the frequency range of 5855-5925MHZ is ensured, the V2X-F antenna 5 has the frequency range of the 5G main antenna 1, and the performance is poor; similarly, under the condition of debugging the frequency range efficiency of the 5G main antenna 1, the 5G main performance has the frequency of the V2X-F antenna, the performance is adjusted to be poor, and the isolation between the two is good;
an included angle is formed between the 5G-MIM01 antenna 3 and the 5G-MIMO2 antenna 4, so that the correlation coefficient of the radiation field pattern of the antenna can be reduced, the maximum radiation direction between the two antennas has an angle, the maximum radiation direction radiates in different directions, and the isolation is best when the included angle is 45 degrees;
an included angle is formed between the 5G-MIMO1 antenna 3 and the 5G auxiliary antenna 2, so that the correlation coefficient of the radiation pattern of the antenna can be reduced, the maximum radiation direction between the two antennas has an angle, the maximum radiation direction radiates towards different directions, and the isolation is best when the included angle is 45 degrees;
the 5G-MIMO2 antenna 4 and the 5G auxiliary antenna 2 are in a parallel form, and the two antenna vertical projection antennas are not overlapped, so that the correlation coefficient of the antenna radiation pattern is reduced, and the isolation is good;
the frequency range of the V2X-R antenna 6 is 5855-5925MHZ, the frequency range of the 5G auxiliary antenna 2 is 700-960/1710-2690/3300-5000MHZ, the frequency range of the 6 with the 5G auxiliary antenna 2 is V2X-R days under the condition that the frequency range efficiency of 5855-5925MHZ is ensured, the performance is poor, the frequency range of the 6 with the 5G auxiliary antenna 2 is adjusted, the frequency of the 5G auxiliary antenna 6 is V2X-R antenna under the condition that the frequency range efficiency of the 5G auxiliary antenna 2 is adjusted, the performance is poor, and the isolation between the two is good;
the frequency ranges 2400-.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the embodiments or in part of the technical features of the embodiments without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The shark fin type intelligent antenna is characterized by comprising a shark fin type outer shell and a base, wherein a shark fin type inner cavity is formed by the shark fin type outer shell and the base, a LAN main board is arranged in the inner cavity and fixed on the base, a 5G main antenna, a 5G auxiliary antenna, a 5G-MIMO1 antenna, a 5G-MIMO2 antenna, a GNSS antenna, a V2X-F antenna, a V2X-R antenna and a WIFI antenna are arranged on the LAN main board, the 5G main antenna, the 5G auxiliary antenna, the 5G-MIMO1 antenna, the 5G-MIMO2 antenna, the WIFI antenna, the V2X-F antenna, the V2X-R antenna and the GNSS antenna are respectively connected with a coaxial cable, a wire outlet is arranged on the base, and the coaxial cable passes through the wire outlet and is connected with a terminal device; the GNSS antenna is located at the front end of the LAN mainboard, the 5G main antenna is located at the rear end of the LAN mainboard, the 5G auxiliary antenna is located in the middle of the LAN mainboard, the 5G-MIMO1 antenna and the 5G-MIMO2 antenna are respectively located at the left side and the right side of the LAN mainboard, which are close to one end of the 5G main antenna, the WIFI antenna and the V2X-R antenna are respectively located at the left side and the right side of the LAN mainboard, which are close to one end of the CNSS antenna, and the V2X-F antenna is located between the 5G-MIMO1 antenna and the 5G main antenna.
2. The shark fin smart antenna of claim 1, wherein the 5G primary antenna, 5G secondary antenna, 5G-MIMO1 antenna, 5G-MIMO2 antenna, V2X-R antenna and WIFI antenna are all in PCB form, the V2X-F antenna is in sheet form, and the GNSS antenna is in double-layered stacked ceramic form.
3. A shark fin smart antenna according to claim 2, wherein the 5G primary antenna and the 5G secondary antenna are arranged in a perpendicular formation, the 5G-MIMO2 antenna and the 5G primary antenna are arranged in a perpendicular formation, and the 5G-MIMO1 antenna and the 5G primary antenna are arranged at an angle.
4. The shark fin smart antenna of claim 3, wherein the frequency ranges of the V2X-F antennas are 5855-.
5. The shark fin smart antenna as claimed in claim 3, wherein the frequency ranges of the WIFI antenna are 2400-.
6. A shark fin smart antenna according to claim 1, wherein a waterproof ring is provided between the shark fin housing and the base, the outlet hole is provided with a waterproof plug that mates with the outlet hole and the coaxial cable.
7. The shark fin smart antenna of claim 1, wherein the signal leg of the V2X-R antenna is misaligned with the ground leg parallel projection, and the signal leg of the WIFI antenna is misaligned with the ground leg parallel projection.
8. The shark fin smart antenna of claim 1, wherein the top ends of the 5G primary antenna and the 5G secondary antenna each extend up to a highest point of the internal cavity, the heights of the V2X-R antenna, WIFI antenna, 5G-MIMO1 antenna and 5G-MIMO2 antenna each being lower than the height of the 5G secondary antenna.
9. A shark fin smart antenna according to claim 1, wherein the 5G primary antenna is compatible with 2G, 3G and 4G operating bands, and the 5G secondary antenna is compatible with 4G operating bands.
10. A shark fin smart antenna according to claim 1, wherein the base is a zinc base, and the shark fin housing is fixed to the zinc base by screws.
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| CN202120964017.4U CN215008562U (en) | 2021-05-07 | 2021-05-07 | Shark fin smart antenna |
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| CN202120964017.4U CN215008562U (en) | 2021-05-07 | 2021-05-07 | Shark fin smart antenna |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113113763A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-07-13 | 深圳市维力谷无线技术股份有限公司 | Shark fin smart antenna |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113113763A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-07-13 | 深圳市维力谷无线技术股份有限公司 | Shark fin smart antenna |
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