CN214902090U - Single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-sowing machine for no-tillage clean areas of cotton - Google Patents
Single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-sowing machine for no-tillage clean areas of cotton Download PDFInfo
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- CN214902090U CN214902090U CN202120011858.3U CN202120011858U CN214902090U CN 214902090 U CN214902090 U CN 214902090U CN 202120011858 U CN202120011858 U CN 202120011858U CN 214902090 U CN214902090 U CN 214902090U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-seeder for a cotton no-tillage clean area, which comprises a front straw crushing device and a rear fertilizing and seeding device; the straw smashing device comprises a straw smashing knife arranged at the front part of the rack and a straw pouring device arranged behind the straw smashing knife in parallel, a straw discharging port is formed in the straw pouring device, the straw smashing knife picks up and smashes straws, the smashed straws are discharged into the ground through the straw discharging port, the width of the straw discharging port can be reasonably adjusted according to the cotton sowing row spacing and the residual straw content of previous wheat or rape, and the cleanness of sowing rows and fertilization rows is further ensured; rear portion fertilization seeder including install fertile case and the seed case in frame rear portion upper end, fertile case and seed case around set up side by side fertile case lower part be equipped with fertilizer injection unit seed case lower part be equipped with seeder and press wheel, press wheel drive fertilizer injection unit and seeder, the press wheel still plays the suppression effect after fertilization, the seeding.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a cotton fertilizing and seeding technical field especially relates to a cotton no-tillage clean area single seed precision seed manure is with machine of broadcasting.
Background
The cotton is an important economic crop in China, the sustainable development significance of the cotton industry is important, the mechanization of cotton planting is one of important measures for stably developing the cotton production in China, and the cotton planting method is a development direction of future cotton production in China. At present, the cotton planter is still one of the bottlenecks restricting the mechanized development of cotton in China.
The cotton field in Yangtze river basin has two crops in one year more, and after the wheat or rape of the previous crop is harvested, the cotton is planted in a no-tillage way. In the mainstream cotton no-tillage transplanting planting mode in the previous years, because the seedling raising and transplanting are labor-consuming and time-consuming and are not suitable for the development requirement of whole-course mechanization of cotton, the cotton no-tillage mechanical direct seeding mode is gradually popularized and applied. At present, most cotton seeders in Yangtze river basin can meet the requirements of no-tillage, fertilization and precision seeding, but can not treat the residual straws after the previous stubble is harvested. However, residual straws can seriously affect the operation of the seeder, the blockage of the residual straws can easily cause the straw hanging and blocking of the soil-entering parts, the straw blocking can also cause the seed erecting and airing, the seeding operation efficiency and the operation quality can be reduced, the single-seed precision seeding can not realize the full-seedling sowing, and the semi-precision seeding can improve the seeding emergence rate, but increases the seed cost and the manual thinning cost. If the machine is used independently for crushing the residual straws and carrying out rotary tillage, the cost is increased, and the soil tillage layer can be damaged to a certain extent by long-term tillage, so that the development direction of a protective no-tillage technology is not met; the manual removal of the residual straw is not practical due to labor and time waste and low benefit under the current situation that the labor force in rural areas is increasingly tense and the mechanization level is gradually improved.
Xinjiang cotton planter equipment is more advanced, and the seeding technique is more mature, but Xinjiang area territory is vast, and the cotton planter is large-scale machinery mainly, adopts the precision seeding technique on the membrane mostly, generally is a membrane 6 lines of banding mode and a membrane 3 lines mode etc. the cotton field is single-cropping, and is idle in winter, and its planting mode is very different with Yangtze river basin cotton district. In recent years, the air temperature during direct sowing can meet the requirement of seedling emergence, and the direct sowing of cotton is not covered with film in order to reduce the white pollution of the film. Therefore, the cotton planter in Xinjiang is not suitable for cotton areas in Yangtze river drainage basin. The existing no-tillage planter for clean areas is mainly applied to crops such as corn, wheat and peanut, and the existing no-tillage planter for clean areas such as corn and wheat cannot be applied to cotton because the shapes of seeds, the arrangement of plant row spacing, the requirements for straw smashing and covering and the like of different crops are different.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at remedying the defects of the prior art, providing a single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-seeder which can be suitable for cotton seeding and can crush the stubble of the previous wheat or rape straw to return to the field, clean the seeding row straw and simultaneously perform ditching and fertilizing in a cotton no-tillage clean area.
The utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:
a single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-seeder for a cotton no-tillage clean area comprises a front straw crushing device and a rear fertilizing and seeding device;
the straw smashing device comprises a straw smashing knife arranged at the front part of the rack and a straw pouring device arranged behind the straw smashing knife in parallel, a straw discharging port is formed in the straw pouring device, the straw smashing knife picks up and smashes straws, the smashed straws are discharged into the ground through the straw discharging port, the width of the straw discharging port can be reasonably adjusted according to the cotton sowing row spacing and the residual straw content of previous wheat or rape, and the cleanness of sowing rows and fertilization rows is further ensured;
rear portion fertilization seeder including install fertile case and the seed case in frame rear portion upper end, fertile case and seed case around set up side by side fertile case lower part be equipped with fertilizer injection unit seed case lower part be equipped with seeder and press wheel, press wheel drive fertilizer injection unit and seeder, the press wheel still plays the suppression effect after fertilization, the seeding.
The fertilizing and seeding device is a 3-row seed and fertilizer co-planter, and fertilizing, seeding efficiency and water drainage effect are considered, because the fertilizing and seeding efficiency of the 2-row planter is lower, a longitudinal ditch of the 4-row planter is not beneficial to water drainage and waterlogging drainage and stain reduction, and the fertilizing and seeding device is not suitable for a Yangtze river basin cotton area.
The straw crushing cutter is connected to the horizontal rotating cutter shaft, the straw crushing cutter is driven to rotate through the horizontal rotating cutter shaft, the straw crushing cutters on the cutter shaft rotate to pick up and crush all residual wheat or rape straws after previous stubble harvesting and convey the straws to 2 straw discharge ports to the ground surface, the straws fall between rows of 3 rows of cotton sowing rows, and the fertilizing and sowing operation area is kept clean, namely, no straw is covered, so that the simultaneous sowing of seed manure in the cotton no-tillage clean area is realized.
The rotation direction of the straw smashing knife is opposite to the advancing direction of the straw smashing knife.
The row spacing of the 3-row seed and fertilizer simulcaster is adjustable.
The seeding device can set different cotton seeding row spacing by adjusting the position, and generally sets the cotton seeding row spacing to be equal to 76 cm for mechanical harvesting after cotton is ripe
The seeding device adopts a spoon type seeding apparatus, has the advantages of simple structure, lower cost and stable performance, can meet the requirement of single-seed precision seeding of cotton, can adjust the plant spacing to 6 cm at the minimum and 15 cm at the maximum, has 10 grades, can adjust 1cm at each grade, and can achieve the seeding density of 5850 plus 14600 plants/mu.
The position of the fertilizing device corresponds to that of the seeding device, the distance between a seeding row and a fertilizing row is 10-15 cm, the seeding and fertilizing depth can be adjusted, and the fertilizing depth is generally deeper than the seeding depth by more than 10 cm.
The rack is provided with a furrow opener, one side or two sides of the furrow opener are configured, the row spacing of the furrow opener corresponds to 76 cm of cotton, and the width between two rows of ditches formed by the furrow opener is over 228 cm.
The straw crushing device is connected with the tractor through the 3-point suspension device, the fertilizing and seeding device is connected with a connecting rod on the 3-point suspension device, the connecting rod has the functions of adjusting length and avoiding vibration, and the fertilizing and seeding device is an integrated machine which is assembled on a rear rack in a fertilizing, seeding and ditching mode.
The tractor is connected through the transmission case to provide power for the straw smashing device at the front part, and the fertilizing and seeding device at the rear part is pulled to realize ditching, fertilizing and seeding operations.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model provides a concept of "cotton no-tillage clean area single seed precision seed manure is broadcast with one", cotton fertilization, seeding operation are in "clean" region that does not have the straw promptly, are the no-tillage seeding that does not have soil plowing moreover, dispose the special precision planter of cotton simultaneously, realize the cotton single seed precision seed manure is broadcast with one.
The utility model provides an improved scheme which is efficient, suitable and in line with the current mechanical cotton picking development direction, aiming at the problems of labor waste in the previous stubble residual straw treatment, straw interference seeding effect and the like existing in the cotton seeding of the cotton area in the Yangtze river basin; the seed and fertilizer co-seeder comprises a straw crushing device and a fertilizing and seeding device, wherein the straw crushing device mainly comprises a frame, a power system, a straw crushing cutter, a straw pouring device, a straw discharging port and the like, the size of the straw discharging port can be adjusted according to the seeding row spacing and the straw amount, straws are discharged to the ground surface through the straw discharging port after being picked and crushed and fall between the fertilizing and seeding rows, and a relatively clean operation area is formed for fertilizing and seeding; the fertilizing and seeding device mainly comprises a fertilizer box, a seed box, a fertilizing device, a seeding device, a press wheel, a furrow opener and other parts, wherein ditching, fertilizing and seeding are carried out synchronously, and the seeding device is assembled by a cotton special precision seeding assembly and can realize cotton single-seed precision seeding.
The utility model can realize the single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-sowing in the no-tillage clean area of cotton, and solves the problems that the residual straw leaves the field, the treatment wastes time and labor, and the residual straw is not cleaned, and the direct sowing, grass hanging, blockage, seed erecting, seed airing and the like are realized; the clean area sowing is beneficial to soil temperature rise and improves the sowing quality, thereby promoting the early emergence of cotton seedlings; the single-seed precision seeding can improve the cotton seedling emergence quality and the cotton seedling quality, can also realize no thinning, and saves the production labor; the 3-row sowing and 76-centimeter row spacing configuration meet the requirements of the current mechanical cotton picking and planting mode, and are beneficial to realizing the application and development of the whole-course mechanization technology of cotton.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a side view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, the single-grain precision seed and fertilizer co-seeder for the no-tillage clean area of cotton comprises two main components, namely a front straw crushing device 10 and a rear fertilizing and seeding device.
The straw smashing device 10 is characterized in that a straw smashing knife 14 driven by a rotating shaft and a straw pouring device 2 arranged behind the straw smashing knife 14 in parallel are arranged at the front part of the machine frame 3, the straw smashing knife 14 picks up and conveys and smashes straws, the smashed straws are discharged into the ground through a straw discharge port 12, the width of the straw discharge port 12 can be reasonably adjusted according to the cotton sowing row spacing and the residual straw amount after harvesting previous wheat or rape, and further the cleanness of the sowing row and the fertilizing row is ensured.
Seeding fertilizer injection unit, the upper end is fertile case 7 and seed case 8 respectively around, disposes fertilizer injection unit 5 in 7 lower parts of fertile case, disposes seeder 6 and press wheel 9 in 8 lower parts of seed case, and fertilizer injection unit 5 and seeder 6 are arranged in the drive of press wheel 9, and press wheel 9 still plays the suppression effect after fertilization, the seeding.
Seeding fertilizer injection unit configures into 3 lines of seed manure and simultaneously broadcasts the machine, compromises fertilization, seeding efficiency and drainage effect, because 2 lines of machine fertilization seeding efficiency are lower, 4 lines of machine are unfavorable for the waterlogging and fall the waterlogging.
The straw smashing knives 14 are connected to the horizontal rotating knife shaft, and the straws of wheat or rape and the like left after harvesting previous stubbles are all picked up and smashed through the rotation of the plurality of straw smashing knives 14 on the knife shaft, and are conveyed to the 2 straw discharging ports 12 to be discharged to the ground surface, and fall between the rows of the 3 rows of cotton sowing rows, and the fertilizing and sowing operation areas are kept clean, namely, no straw is covered, so that the simultaneous sowing of the seed manure in the no-tillage cotton sowing area is realized.
The grass dumping device 2 is arranged behind the straw smashing knife 14, and the rotation direction of the straw smashing knife 14 is opposite to the rotation direction of the tractor wheel.
The seeding device 6 can set different cotton seeding row spacing by adjusting the position, so that the cotton seeding row spacing is generally set to be equal to 76 cm for mechanical harvesting after the cotton is ripe.
The position of the fertilizing device 5 corresponds to that of the seeding device 6, the distance between a seeding row and a fertilizing row is 10-15 cm, the seeding and fertilizing depth can be adjusted, and the fertilizing depth is generally deeper than the seeding depth by more than 10 cm.
The seeding device 6 is a precision seeder special for cotton, adopts a spoon-type seeding device, has the advantages of simple structure, lower cost and stable performance, and can meet the requirement of precision seeding of single cotton seeds, the plant spacing can be adjusted to 6 cm at the minimum, 15 cm at the maximum and 10 grades at the total, each grade can be adjusted by 1cm, and the seeding density can reach 5850 plus 14600 plants/mu.
The furrow opener 11 can be configured on two sides or one side, and the width between two rows of furrows formed by the furrow opener 11 is more than 228 cm in order to correspond to the row spacing of 76 cm of cotton.
Straw reducing mechanism 10 hangs 1 with 3 points and is connected with the tractor, and fertilizing and seeding device also hangs the connecting rod on 1 through 3 points and connects, and the connecting rod disposes length adjustable and function of moving away to avoid possible earthquakes, fertilizing and seeding device is the all-in-one of fertilization, seeding, ditching assembly in a back frame.
The tractor is connected through the transmission case 13 to provide power for the straw smashing device at the front part and pull the fertilizing and seeding device at the rear part, so that ditching, fertilizing and seeding operations are realized.
And a depth wheel 4 is also arranged at the lower part of the frame 3.
Claims (10)
1. A single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-sowing machine for a cotton no-tillage clean area is characterized in that: comprises a front straw crushing device and a rear fertilizing and seeding device;
the straw smashing device comprises a straw smashing knife arranged at the front part of the frame and a straw pouring device arranged behind the straw smashing knife in parallel, and a straw discharging port is formed in the straw pouring device;
the rear fertilizing and seeding device comprises a fertilizer box and a seed box which are installed at the upper end of the rear portion of the rack, the fertilizer box and the seed box are arranged side by side in the front and at the back, the lower portion of the fertilizer box is provided with a fertilizing device, and the lower portion of the seed box is provided with a seeding device and a pressing wheel.
2. The single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-seeder for cotton no-tillage clean areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the fertilizing and seeding device is a 3-row seed and fertilizer co-seeder.
3. The single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-seeder for cotton no-tillage clean areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the straw crushing knife is connected to the horizontal rotating knife shaft and drives the straw crushing knife to rotate through the horizontal rotating knife shaft.
4. The single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-seeder for cotton no-tillage clean areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the rotation direction of the straw smashing knife is opposite to the advancing direction of the straw smashing knife.
5. The single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-seeder for cotton no-tillage clean areas as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the row spacing of the 3-row seed and fertilizer simulcaster is adjustable.
6. The single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-seeder for cotton no-tillage clean areas as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the seeding device adopts a spoon type seeding apparatus, the plant distance is adjusted to 6 cm at the minimum and 15 cm at the maximum, the number is 10, each grade can be adjusted by 1cm, and the seeding density reaches 5850 plus 14600 plants/mu.
7. The single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-seeder for cotton no-tillage clean areas as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the position of the fertilizing device corresponds to that of the seeding device, the distance between a seeding line and a fertilizing line is 10-15 cm, and the seeding and fertilizing depth can be adjusted.
8. The single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-seeder for cotton no-tillage clean areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the rack is provided with a furrow opener, and the furrow opener is arranged on one side or two sides.
9. The single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-seeder for cotton no-tillage clean areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the straw crushing device is connected with the tractor through a 3-point suspension device, and the fertilizing and seeding device is connected with a connecting rod on the 3-point suspension device.
10. The single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-seeder for cotton no-tillage clean areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the tractor is connected through the transmission case to provide power for the straw smashing device at the front part and pull the fertilizing and seeding device at the rear part.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120011858.3U CN214902090U (en) | 2021-01-05 | 2021-01-05 | Single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-sowing machine for no-tillage clean areas of cotton |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120011858.3U CN214902090U (en) | 2021-01-05 | 2021-01-05 | Single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-sowing machine for no-tillage clean areas of cotton |
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| CN214902090U true CN214902090U (en) | 2021-11-30 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112715104A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-04-30 | 安徽省农业科学院棉花研究所 | Single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-sowing machine for no-tillage clean areas of cotton |
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- 2021-01-05 CN CN202120011858.3U patent/CN214902090U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112715104A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-04-30 | 安徽省农业科学院棉花研究所 | Single-seed precision seed and fertilizer co-sowing machine for no-tillage clean areas of cotton |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20230530 Address after: No. 23 Taihe Natural Village, Wensi Administrative Village, Xiang'an Town, Wuwei City, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, 238341 Patentee after: Wuwei Wensi Village Agricultural Professional Cooperative Patentee after: COTTON Research Institute ANHUI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Address before: 230031 No. 40 agricultural South Road, Luyang District, Anhui, Hefei Patentee before: COTTON Research Institute ANHUI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Patentee before: HENAN NONGYOUWANG AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. |
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