CN214750516U - Sampling circuit and multi-winding series converter comprising same - Google Patents

Sampling circuit and multi-winding series converter comprising same Download PDF

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CN214750516U
CN214750516U CN202120047207.XU CN202120047207U CN214750516U CN 214750516 U CN214750516 U CN 214750516U CN 202120047207 U CN202120047207 U CN 202120047207U CN 214750516 U CN214750516 U CN 214750516U
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current
winding
sampling
primary
circuit
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申志鹏
张岳荣
王小亮
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Mornsun Guangzhou Science and Technology Ltd
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Mornsun Guangzhou Science and Technology Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model provides a sampling circuit is applied to many windings and establishes ties the change ware, adopts the mutual-inductor sampling, and the magnetic core is just sampled and exports altogether in the multisampling altogether, or the magnetic core is not altogether in the multisampling, links all diode cathodes together as the sampling point behind a plurality of mutual inductance input homonymy termination diode positive poles. The utility model skillfully modifies the current sampling mode, synthesizes the waveform of the error current generated by the inconsistent switch of the switch tube or the uneven voltage sharing of the capacitor, improves the accuracy of the current sampled by the IC and increases the reliability of the product; meanwhile, the impedance in the loop is reduced, the product efficiency is improved, and the circuit topology can be designed into a power supply product with higher power output.

Description

Sampling circuit and multi-winding series converter comprising same
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a higher switching power supply circuit of input voltage level, in particular to sampling circuit is applied to many windings series connection converter.
Background
With the increasing global energy crisis, the development and utilization of clean energy are imperative, and therefore, solar power generation is rapidly developed. In photovoltaic power generation and power transmission, the input voltage of a control system is very high and reaches several kilovolts, and the conventional single-stage power supply topology cannot be suitable because the voltage stress of a switching tube cannot meet the design requirement, so that the input voltage is expanded by adopting a cascade technology, and the converter adopting the cascade technology is called a multi-winding series converter in the application.
The known multi-winding series converter comprises an input circuit and an output circuit; the input circuit comprises at least two stages, each stage comprises a voltage-sharing unit and a primary switch unit, the primary switch units of each stage are connected in series, a winding connection point is formed between every two adjacent primary switch units, the voltage-sharing units of each stage are connected in series, a voltage-sharing series point is formed between every two adjacent voltage-sharing units, and the primary switch units of each stage are connected with the voltage-sharing units in parallel.
Each stage of primary switch unit comprises primary windings and switch tubes, wherein one end of each primary winding is used as the input end of the primary switch unit, the other end of each primary winding is connected with the conduction current inflow end of the switch tube in the primary switch unit, and the conduction current outflow end of the switch tube in the primary switch unit is used as the output end of the primary switch unit.
The input end of the first-stage primary switch unit is connected with the positive voltage end of the direct-current voltage, the connection relationship of the intermediate-stage primary switch units is that the input end of the previous-stage primary switch unit is connected with the output end of the next-stage primary switch unit, and the output end of the last-stage primary switch unit is connected to the reference ground of the direct-current voltage through a sampling resistor.
The control end of each switching tube applies synchronous drive signals, and the primary windings of all stages are controlled in phase and share a magnetic core.
Fig. 1 is a circuit structure of a conventional high-voltage tolerant overlap flyback DC-DC converter with an automatic voltage-equalizing function, which is explained in detail in "design of high-voltage tolerant overlap flyback DC-DC converter" in journal of electrical engineering "2001, 5, and discloses fig. 1, and the circuit structure is a multi-winding series converter related to the present application, and the multi-winding series converter includes two stages of voltage-equalizing units and a primary switching unit.
The voltage equalizing unit of the first stage consists of a capacitor C1; the voltage equalizing unit of the second stage consists of a capacitor C2; the primary switch unit of the first stage comprises a primary winding N1 and a switch tube Q1, one end of the primary winding N1 serves as an input end of the primary switch unit of the first stage, the other end of the primary winding N1 is connected with a conducting current inflow end of the switch tube Q1, and a conducting current outflow end of the switch tube Q1 serves as an output end of the primary switch unit of the first stage. The primary switch unit of the second stage comprises a primary winding N2 and a switch tube Q2, one end of a primary winding N2 serves as the input end of the primary switch unit of the second stage, the other end of the primary winding N2 is connected with the conduction current inflow end of the switch tube Q2, the conduction current outflow end of the switch tube Q2 serves as the output end of the primary switch unit of the second stage and is connected with one end of a sampling resistor Rcs and used for being connected with a current sampling pin of the control IC, and the other end of the sampling resistor Rcs is used for being grounded.
The known circuit structure is different from a common single-ended flyback converter in that a primary winding of the high-voltage tolerant overlap flyback converter circuit is divided into two identical parts, namely a primary winding N1 and a primary winding N2, the on-off of the primary windings N1 and N2 is controlled by switching tubes Q1 and Q2 respectively, and synchronous driving signals are applied to gates of the switching tubes Q1 and Q2. Therefore, under ideal working conditions, the switching tubes Q1 and Q2 are simultaneously switched on and off, and the potential of the voltage-sharing series connection point A between the first-stage voltage-sharing unit and the second-stage voltage-sharing unit is shared due to the consistency of the primary windings N1 and N2. Although the circuit can solve the problem of overhigh voltage stress of the switching tube, when the circuit is actually applied to a product, a plurality of reliability problems exist. Because the turn-on voltages of the two switching tubes and the driving signals of the two switching tubes cannot be perfectly consistent, there are many uncontrollable differences, which will inevitably cause the turn-on and turn-off of the power switching tubes Q1 and Q2 in the circuit structure to be asynchronous, and once the switching-on and turn-off are asynchronous, there will be the following problems:
as shown in fig. 2, when the switching tubes are not turned on consistently, assuming that the switching tube Q1 is turned on first, at this time, the terminal voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is still greater than the terminal voltage Vc2 of the capacitor C2, because the switching tube Q2 is not turned on yet, at this time, the polarity of the primary winding N2 is positive and negative, the forward voltage V2 induced by the primary winding N2 is greater than the terminal voltage Vc2, the forward voltage V2 charges the capacitor C2 in a forward manner through the body diode Qd2 of the switching tube Q2, at this time, the forward current increases, a large negative voltage is generated on the sampling resistor Rcs, which affects the normal sampling of the control IC of the product. Because the sampling resistor Rcs is under negative voltage, the current sampling turn-off voltage of the control IC can not be reached, and the control IC still provides drive, so that the primary side peak current of the period is overlarge.
In the prior art, for the above problem, there is a method for solving the problem, as shown in fig. 3, a resistor Rx is connected in series between the voltage-sharing connection point a and the winding connection point, when the switching tube is not turned on consistently or the input capacitor is not voltage-sharing, as shown in fig. 4, the forward voltage induced by the primary winding that is turned on later will charge the capacitor through the resistor Rx, the resistor Rx plays a role in current limiting, and the larger the resistance of the resistor Rx is, the better the method is. However, the resistor Rx can only reduce the forward current, the voltage on the sampling resistor Rcs is still negative, and the current sampling pin of the control IC in the switching period still cannot sample a signal to turn off the driving, so that the primary peak current is too large, and the transformer core is saturated to cause the switch tube damage in a severe case.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the to-be-solved technical problem of the present invention is to provide a sampling circuit and a multi-winding series converter including the same, which solves the problem that the multi-winding series converter generates forward current due to the unsynchronized switch in the primary switch unit or the non-voltage-sharing capacitance in the voltage-sharing unit, thereby causing the sampling error of the control IC current, causing the problem that the switch tube is damaged due to the overlarge primary peak current, and improving the reliability of the converter.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a sampling circuit technical scheme as follows:
a sampling circuit is applied to a multi-winding series converter, and is characterized in that: the current sampling circuit comprises at least two stages of current sampling units consisting of a current transformer, a resistor and a diode;
the number of primary windings of the current transformer is the same as the number of stages of the current sampling unit, and the primary windings share a magnetic core; each level of current sampling unit comprises a primary winding of the current transformer, and a secondary winding, a resistor and a diode of the current transformer are multiplexed in each level of current sampling unit;
the homonymous terminal of a primary winding of a current transformer contained in each stage of current sampling unit is used as the current input terminal of the current sampling unit, and the synonym terminal is used as the current output terminal of the current sampling unit;
the dotted terminal of the secondary winding is connected with one end of a resistor and the anode of a diode, the other end of the resistor is connected with the other end of the winding and the ground in the circuit, and the cathode of the diode is used as a signal sampling point.
The utility model provides a many windings series connection converter that contains above-mentioned sampling circuit, its characterized in that: a primary current sampling unit is connected in series in a primary switch unit of a certain stage of the multi-winding series converter.
The utility model provides a pair of another sampling circuit's technical scheme as follows:
a sampling circuit is applied to a multi-winding series converter, and is characterized in that: the device comprises at least two stages of current sampling units;
each level of current sampling unit comprises a current transformer, a resistor and a diode; the current transformers in each level of current sampling unit do not share a magnetic core;
the connection relationship of each stage of current sampling units is as follows: the homonymous end of the primary winding of the current transformer is used as the current input end of the current sampling unit, the synonym end of the primary winding of the current transformer is used as the current output end of the current sampling unit, the secondary winding of the current transformer is connected with the resistor in parallel, one end of the secondary winding of the current transformer is connected with the anode of the diode, and the other end of the secondary winding of the current transformer is connected with the ground in the circuit;
cathodes of diodes in current sampling units of all stages are connected together to serve as signal sampling points.
The utility model provides a many windings series connection converter that contains above-mentioned sampling circuit, its characterized in that: a primary current sampling unit is connected in series in a primary switch unit of a certain stage of the multi-winding series converter.
Interpretation of related terms:
the control end of the switch tube: the port for controlling the switch to be switched on and off refers to the grid electrode of the MOS tube for the MOS tube; for a triode, the base of the triode is referred to.
The conduction current inflow end of the switching tube is as follows: after the switch is switched on, a port into which current flows refers to a drain electrode of an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube for an N-channel MOS tube, and when the switch is switched on, the current flows from the drain electrode with high voltage to the source electrode with low voltage; for a P-channel MOS tube, the source electrode of the MOS tube is referred to, and when the P-channel MOS tube is conducted, current flows from the source electrode with high voltage to the drain electrode with low voltage; for an NPN transistor, the collector of the transistor is referred to, and when conducting, current flows from the high voltage collector to the low voltage emitter. For an NPN transistor, the emitter of the transistor is referred to, and when conducting, current flows from the emitter with a high voltage to the collector with a low voltage.
Conduction current outflow end of the switching tube: after the switch is switched on, the port through which the current flows out refers to the source electrode of the MOS tube for the N-channel MOS tube; for a P-channel MOS tube, the drain electrode of the MOS tube is referred to; for an NPN transistor, the emitter of the transistor is referred to; for a PNP transistor, the collector of the transistor is referred to.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
1. the scheme samples the current in each stage of primary switch unit through the current transformer and then superposes the current,
even if the current abnormality caused by inconsistent time sequences of switching tubes or unbalanced voltage of capacitors still exists in the primary switching unit, a correct current waveform can be sampled through the mutual inductor, so that the primary side power device is ensured to work in a reliable range, and the reliability of a product is improved;
2. the scheme changes the sampling mode, reduces the impedance in a loop and improves the product efficiency;
3. the scheme has the advantages of simple structure, few added devices, low cost, easy design and high reliability.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a prior art high voltage tolerant overlap flyback DC-DC converter;
FIG. 2 is a current loop diagram of a high voltage tolerant overlap flyback DC-DC converter in the prior art when the switching tubes are not turned on consistently and the capacitors are not voltage-sharing;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a multi-winding series converter including the sampling circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is another connection mode of the sampling circuit in the multi-winding converter in the first embodiment;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of a multi-winding series converter including the sampling circuit of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a third embodiment of a multi-winding series converter including the sampling circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is another connection mode of the sampling circuit in the third embodiment in the multi-winding converter;
fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a fourth embodiment of a multi-winding series converter including the sampling circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The utility model discloses an inventive concept is for adopting the mutual-inductor sampling, and the magnetic core is altogether just sampled and exports altogether in the multisampling, or the magnetic core is not altogether in the multisampling, connects all diode cathodes together as the sampling point after a plurality of mutual inductance input homonymy termination diode positive poles. The utility model skillfully modifies the current sampling mode, synthesizes the waveform of the error current generated by the inconsistent switch of the switch tube or the uneven voltage sharing of the capacitor, improves the accuracy of the current sampled by the IC and increases the reliability of the product; meanwhile, the impedance in the loop is reduced, the product efficiency is improved, and the circuit topology can be designed into a power supply product with higher power output.
In order to make the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
First embodiment
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a multi-winding series converter including the sampling circuit of the present invention.
The sampling circuit in this embodiment includes: the current transformer TR1, the resistor R1 and the diode D1 form a first-stage current sampling unit and a second-stage current sampling unit; the first-stage current sampling unit comprises a primary winding NT1 of the current transformer, a secondary winding NS1 of the current transformer, a resistor R1 and a diode D1; the second-stage current sampling unit comprises a primary winding NT2 of the current transformer, a secondary winding NS1 of the current transformer, a resistor R1 and a diode D1; the dotted terminal of the secondary winding NS1 is connected to one terminal of a resistor R1 and the anode of a diode D1, the other terminal of the resistor R1 is connected to the other terminal of the winding NS1 and the ground in the circuit, and the cathode of the diode D1 serves as a signal sampling point.
The multi-winding series converter shown in fig. 3 is different from fig. 1 in that sampling is performed by the sampling circuit of the present embodiment, and the sampling resistor Rcs is not required; a primary winding NT1 and a primary winding NT2 in the sampling circuit are connected in series and then connected between the output end of a first-stage switching unit and the input end of a second-stage switching unit of the multi-winding series converter.
It should be noted that, each current sampling unit in the sampling circuit in fig. 3 may be connected in series to any one of the primary switch unit loops of the multi-winding series converter, as shown in fig. 4, the first stage current sampling unit is connected in series between the current output terminal of the primary winding N1 of the main power transformer and the drain of the main power switch Q1, and the second stage current sampling unit is connected in series between the source of the main power switch Q1 and the current input terminal of the primary winding N2 of the main power transformer, which can also achieve the purpose of the invention.
In the above connection, the current inflow ends of the windings NT1 and NT2 of the current transformer TR1 are terminals of the same name, and the current outflow ends of the primary windings N1 and N2 of the transformer T1 are terminals of the same name. The primary windings N1 and N2 of the transformer T1 are common to the cores, and the primary winding NT1 and NT2 of the current transformer TR1 are common to the cores.
The working principle of the sampling circuit applied to the multi-winding series converter is as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, when the driving timings of the switching tubes Q1 and Q2 are inconsistent due to circuit parasitic parameters, the energy stored in the voltage-sharing capacitors C1 and C2 provides buffer time for the corresponding switching circuit, so as to ensure the voltage balance among the primary winding N1, the switching tube Q1, the primary winding N2 and the switching tube Q2, the primary windings N1 and N2 using the common magnetic core form automatic coupling adjustment, and the voltages of the capacitors C1 and C2 are further stabilized by the mutual inductance current balance principle among the windings N1 and N2. In order to avoid the phenomenon of current mutual inductance generated between the primary windings N1 and N2 in a dynamic process and influence the current sampling of the control IC, the IC drives the switching tubes Q1 and Q2 continuously, so that the switching tubes Q1 and Q2 are not closed, and finally, the primary current is overlarge to damage the switching tubes.
The circuit of the embodiment samples the current on the two primary switch units simultaneously through the winding NT1 and the winding NT2 of the current transformer TR 1. The two currents are added and then converted into voltage signals to be sampled by the control IC, so that the possible error current on the secondary primary switch winding is avoided being sampled independently, and the accuracy of the sampled current is greatly improved.
Second embodiment
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a multi-winding series converter including the sampling circuit of the present invention, which is different from fig. 3 in that the embodiment includes: the power converter comprises N (N is more than 2) stages of primary switch units and voltage-sharing units of the same power converter, and M (M is more than 1 and less than or equal to N) stages of current sampling units, wherein the current sampling units comprise a current transformer current sampling circuit consisting of a multi-stage primary side current transformer, a resistor and a diode, and when M is less than N, primary side windings of the current transformers are randomly connected in series in the N and the primary switch units.
The sampling circuit of this embodiment specifically includes:
the current transformer TR1, the resistor R1 and the diode D1 form a first-stage current sampling unit, a second-stage current sampling unit and an Mth-stage current sampling unit;
the first-stage current sampling unit comprises a primary winding NT1 of the current transformer, a secondary winding NS1 of the current transformer, a resistor R1 and a diode D1; the second-stage current sampling unit comprises a primary winding NT2 of the current transformer, a secondary winding NS1 of the current transformer, a resistor R1 and a diode D1;
......
the Mth-stage current sampling unit comprises a primary winding NTm of the current transformer, a secondary winding NS1 of the current transformer, a resistor R1 and a diode D1.
The working principle of the circuit after the multistage circuits are serially stacked in the embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the same effect can be achieved.
Third embodiment
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a multi-winding series converter including the sampling circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
The sampling circuit of the present embodiment includes: the device comprises a first-stage current sampling unit and a second-stage current sampling unit; the first-stage current sampling unit comprises a current transformer TR1, a resistor R1 and a diode D1; the second-stage current sampling unit comprises a current transformer TR2, a resistor R2 and a diode D2; the connection relationship of each stage of current sampling units is as follows: the homonymous end of the primary winding of the current transformer is used as the current input end of the current sampling unit, the synonym end of the primary winding of the current transformer is used as the current output end of the current sampling unit, the secondary winding of the current transformer is connected with the resistor in parallel, one end of the secondary winding of the current transformer is connected with the anode of the diode, and the other end of the secondary winding of the current transformer is connected with the ground in the circuit;
the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the cathode of the diode D1, and the connection point is used as a signal sampling point and is connected with the main control IC for sampling control;
the connection point of the primary winding N1 and the switching tube Q1 and the connection point of the primary winding N2 and the switching tube Q2 are the same-name ends of the primary side of the T1 transformer, or the current outflow ends of the primary winding N1 and the primary winding N2 of the transformer T1 are the same-name ends), and the primary winding of the transformer T1 shares a magnetic core; the current sampling unit adopted is completely independent of the current transformer primary side and is not a common magnetic core.
The multi-winding series converter shown in fig. 6 is different from fig. 1 in that sampling by the sampling circuit of the present embodiment does not require a sampling resistor Rcs; a first-stage current sampling unit and a second-stage current sampling unit in the sampling circuit are connected in series and then connected between the output end of a first-stage switching unit and the input end of a second-stage switching unit of the multi-winding series converter.
It should be noted that, each current sampling unit in the sampling circuit in fig. 6 may be connected in series to any one of the primary switch unit loops of the multi-winding series converter, as shown in fig. 7, the first stage current sampling unit is connected in series between the current output terminal of the primary winding N1 of the main power transformer and the drain of the main power switch Q1, and the second stage current sampling unit is connected in series between the source of the main power switch Q1 and the current input terminal of the primary winding N2 of the main power transformer, which can also achieve the purpose of the invention.
The working principle of the sampling circuit applied to the multi-winding series converter of the present embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that: the current transformer converts the current signal into a voltage signal and then samples the voltage signal not directly for the control IC, but samples and controls the control IC through the diode, when the current generated on the first-stage primary switch unit is larger than the current generated on the second-stage primary switch unit, the current on the first-stage primary switch unit is adopted for feedback, and similarly, when the current generated on the second-stage primary switch unit is larger than the current generated on the first-stage primary switch unit, the current on the second-stage primary switch unit is adopted for feedback, so that the abnormal current in the primary switch unit caused by forward current in a single primary switch unit is prevented from being sampled independently, and the sampled power supply is always forward current. The control IC can effectively control the on-off of the MOS tube, and the accuracy of sampling current is greatly improved.
Fourth embodiment
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a multi-winding series converter including the sampling circuit of the present invention, which is different from fig. 6 in that the present embodiment includes: the power converter comprises N (N is more than 2) stages of primary switch units and voltage-sharing units of the same power converter, M (M is more than 1 and less than or equal to N) stages of current sampling units, wherein the current sampling units comprise current transformers, resistors and diodes to form current transformer current sampling circuits, and when M is less than N, primary windings of the current transformers are randomly connected in series in the N and the primary switch units.
The sampling circuit of the present embodiment includes: the current sampling device comprises a first-stage current sampling unit, a second-stage current sampling unit, an Mth-stage current sampling unit; the first-stage current sampling unit comprises a current transformer TR1, a resistor R1 and a diode D1; the second-stage current sampling unit comprises a current transformer TR2, a resistor R2 and a diode D2; ... the Mth level current sampling unit comprises a current transformer TRm, a resistor Rm and a diode Dm.
The working principle of the circuit after the multistage circuits are stacked in series in the embodiment is the same as that of the third embodiment, and the same effect can be achieved.
According to the above-mentioned contents of the present invention, by using the common technical knowledge and conventional means in the field, the present invention can make other modifications, replacements or changes in various forms without departing from the basic technical idea of the present invention, all falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A sampling circuit is applied to a multi-winding series converter, and is characterized in that: the current sampling circuit comprises at least two stages of current sampling units consisting of a current transformer, a resistor and a diode;
the number of primary windings of the current transformer is the same as the number of stages of the current sampling unit, and the primary windings share a magnetic core; each level of current sampling unit comprises a primary winding of the current transformer, and a secondary winding, a resistor and a diode of the current transformer are multiplexed in each level of current sampling unit;
the homonymous terminal of a primary winding of a current transformer contained in each stage of current sampling unit is used as the current input terminal of the current sampling unit, and the synonym terminal is used as the current output terminal of the current sampling unit;
the dotted terminal of the secondary winding is connected with one end of a resistor and the anode of a diode, the other end of the resistor is connected with the other end of the winding and the ground in the circuit, and the cathode of the diode is used as a signal sampling point.
2. A multi-winding series converter comprising the sampling circuit of claim 1, wherein: a primary current sampling unit is connected in series in a primary switch unit of a certain stage of the multi-winding series converter.
3. A sampling circuit is applied to a multi-winding series converter, and is characterized in that: the device comprises at least two stages of current sampling units;
each level of current sampling unit comprises a current transformer, a resistor and a diode; the current transformers in each level of current sampling unit do not share a magnetic core;
the connection relationship of each stage of current sampling units is as follows: the homonymous end of the primary winding of the current transformer is used as the current input end of the current sampling unit, the synonym end of the primary winding of the current transformer is used as the current output end of the current sampling unit, the secondary winding of the current transformer is connected with the resistor in parallel, one end of the secondary winding of the current transformer is connected with the anode of the diode, and the other end of the secondary winding of the current transformer is connected with the ground in the circuit;
cathodes of diodes in current sampling units of all stages are connected together to serve as signal sampling points.
4. A multi-winding series converter comprising the sampling circuit of claim 3, wherein: a primary current sampling unit is connected in series in a primary switch unit of a certain stage of the multi-winding series converter.
CN202120047207.XU 2021-01-08 2021-01-08 Sampling circuit and multi-winding series converter comprising same Active CN214750516U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114070092A (en) * 2021-11-25 2022-02-18 西安西驰电气股份有限公司 High-order energy-taking power supply circuit topological structure and control method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114070092A (en) * 2021-11-25 2022-02-18 西安西驰电气股份有限公司 High-order energy-taking power supply circuit topological structure and control method thereof

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