CN214684319U

CN214684319U - Chuck with wide clamping range

Info

Publication number: CN214684319U
Application number: CN202120859448.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 牟燕峰; 钟德峰; 李小农; 朱其楚
Original assignee: Changzhou Biyoute Machinery Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Changzhou Biyoute Machinery Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-24
Filing date: 2021-04-24
Publication date: 2021-11-12
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-24

Abstract

The utility model relates to a chuck that centre gripping scope is wide, including chuck body, jack catch mechanism can the chuck body on slide, jack catch mechanism include jack catch seat and jack catch, jack catch detachably install on the jack catch seat, the jack catch include first fixture block, all be provided with on two terminal surfaces along chuck body diameter direction at first fixture block and be used for the dogtooth that contacts with the centre gripping work piece, and the distance of the center of first fixture block at the both ends of the diameter direction distance jack catch seat of chuck body is different. This application is through all being provided with the dogtooth that is used for with the contact of centre gripping work piece on two terminal surfaces with first fixture block along chuck body diameter direction to the center of first fixture block is different at the distance of the diameter direction of chuck body apart from the both ends of jack catch seat, so as long as first fixture block carries out reverse installation and can obtain the scope of different centre grippings on the jack catch seat, need change the problem of different chucks when having avoided carrying out the work piece centre gripping of different sizes.

Description

Chuck with wide clamping range

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of chucks, in particular to a chuck wide in clamping range.

Background

The chuck is a mechanical device used for clamping a workpiece on a machine tool, and is a machine tool accessory for clamping and positioning the workpiece by utilizing the radial movement of movable clamping jaws uniformly distributed on a chuck body. The chuck is generally composed of a chuck body, a jaw and a jaw driving mechanism, and the jaw driving mechanism drives the jaw to move on the chuck body so as to clamp a workpiece.

At present, due to the limitation of a chuck structure, the stroke of the driving mechanism for driving the clamping jaws to move is limited, so that when the clamping jaws clamp a workpiece, the size of the workpiece is limited, and the range of processing the workpiece is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the centre gripping scope of chuck jack catch, this application provides a chuck that centre gripping scope is wide.

The application provides a chuck that centre gripping scope is wide adopts following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a chuck that centre gripping scope is wide, includes chuck body, jack catch mechanism can the chuck body on slide, jack catch mechanism include jack catch seat and jack catch, jack catch detachably install on the jack catch seat, the jack catch include first fixture block, all be provided with on two terminal surfaces along chuck body diameter direction at first fixture block and be used for the dogtooth that contacts with the centre gripping work piece, and the distance at the both ends of the diameter direction distance jack catch seat of first fixture block is different.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, all be provided with the dogtooth that is used for with the contact of centre gripping work piece on two terminal surfaces along the chuck body diameter direction through with first fixture block to the distance at the diameter direction of chuck body apart from the both ends of jack catch seat is different at the center of first fixture block, so as long as first fixture block carries out reverse installation and can obtain the scope of different centre grippings on the jack catch seat, need change the problem of different chucks when having avoided carrying out the work piece centre gripping of different sizes.

Optionally, the clamping jaw further comprises a second clamping block, the first clamping block is fixed on the second clamping block, and the thickness of the first clamping block in the radial direction of the chuck body is smaller than that of the second clamping block; the second clamping block is detachably arranged on the jaw seat, two end faces of the second clamping block in the diameter direction of the chuck body are respectively provided with a convex block used for contacting with a clamping workpiece, and the distance from the center of the first clamping block to the end faces of the convex blocks at the two ends of the second clamping block in the diameter direction of the chuck body is different.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up the second fixture block, the centre gripping of work piece also can be carried out to the second fixture block, has just so further increased the scope of work piece centre gripping.

Optionally, the chuck body on be provided with the spout, the jack catch seat set up the spout on the bottom surface of spout on be provided with the guide way, the jack catch seat on still be provided with the actuating lever, the actuating lever pass the guide way and be connected with the outside jack catch actuating mechanism of chuck body.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up the guide way on the chuck body, the actuating lever wears to establish in the guide way, and the actuating lever can remove along the direction of guide way under the effect of drive pawl like this, and the actuating lever is connected with the jack catch seat, slides in the spout through the actuating lever drive jack catch seat, presss from both sides tightly or relaxs the work piece through the jack catch on the jack catch seat.

Optionally, the jaw driving mechanism includes a link mechanism connected to the driving rod, and a link driving mechanism for driving the link mechanism to move; one end of the driving rod is connected with the jaw mechanism, the other end of the driving rod is used for being connected with the connecting rod mechanism, the connecting rod driving mechanism comprises a second sleeve, a partition plate is arranged in the second sleeve to divide the second sleeve into two parts, and the center of the partition plate is also provided with an opening;

a sealing sleeve is arranged on one side of the second sleeve, which is close to the chuck body, a second sliding cavity is formed between the sealing sleeve and the partition plate, and a hole is formed in the center of the sealing sleeve;

a sealing mechanism is arranged on one side of the second sleeve, which is far away from the chuck body, so that one side of the second sleeve is sealed, and a first sliding cavity is formed between the sealing mechanism and the partition plate;

a first sliding sleeve is arranged in the first sliding cavity and comprises a first movable disc and a first movable sleeve, wherein the first movable disc and the first movable sleeve are vertically arranged, the first movable disc is abutted against the inner wall of the first sliding cavity, and the first movable sleeve penetrates through an opening in the partition plate and an opening in the sealing sleeve and is connected with the first pull claw;

a second sliding sleeve is arranged in the second sliding cavity and comprises a second movable disc and a second movable sleeve, wherein the second movable disc and the second movable sleeve are vertically arranged, the second movable disc is abutted against the inner wall of the second sliding cavity, the second movable sleeve penetrates through an opening in the sealing sleeve and is connected with the second pull claw, and the second movable sleeve is sleeved on the first movable sleeve;

the second sleeve is also provided with air holes which are respectively used for communicating the first sliding cavity and the second sliding cavity, and the air holes are used for ventilating the first sliding cavity and the second sliding cavity and driving the first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve to slide;

the first pulling claw and the second pulling claw are respectively connected with the connecting rod mechanism.

According to the technical scheme, the first sliding sleeve is driven to slide in the first sliding cavity and the second sliding sleeve is driven to slide in the second sliding cavity by ventilating the air holes into the first sliding cavity and the second sliding cavity respectively, so that the first pulling claw and the second pulling claw can be driven to move, and the first pulling claw and the second pulling claw can drive the driving rod to move through the connecting rod mechanism to drive the clamping jaws; the mode has simple structure and simple assembly, and can effectively reduce the diameter of the chuck body; meanwhile, the mode also has a self-locking function, and the jaw mechanism can still clamp the workpiece under the condition of disconnecting the air source.

Optionally, the link mechanism includes a driving pawl mounting seat, the driving pawl mounting seat is hinged with driving pawls, the driving pawls are divided into two groups, one end of one group of driving pawls is rotatably connected with the first pull pawl, and the other end of one group of driving pawls is rotatably connected with the driving rod; one end of the other group of driving claws is rotationally connected with the second pull claw, and the other end of the other group of driving claws is rotationally connected with the driving rod.

Through the technical scheme, the driving claw can be driven to rotate by the first pulling claw and the second pulling claw, and the driving claw rotates to drive the driving rod to move towards the center of the chuck body or away from the center of the chuck body.

Optionally, the driving pawl mounting seat is fixed on the end face of the chuck body.

Through the technical scheme, the driving claw mounting seat is fixed on the end face of the chuck body, so that the driving claw fixing seat is kept static relative to the chuck body, and the transmission stability of the connecting rod mechanism is further improved.

Optionally, the chuck body is further connected with a chuck body driving mechanism for driving the chuck body to rotate.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, drive the chuck body through chuck body actuating mechanism and rotate.

Optionally, the chuck body driving mechanism includes a first sleeve, a second sleeve and a third sleeve, wherein one end of the first sleeve is fixed to the end face of the chuck body, the other end of the first sleeve is fixedly connected with one end of the second sleeve close to the chuck body, the other end of the second sleeve is fixedly connected with one end of the third sleeve, a gear is sleeved on the third sleeve, and the third sleeve is further arranged on the fixing seat through a bearing.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, drive the third sleeve through gear revolve and rotate on the fixing base, and the third sleeve drives second sleeve, first sleeve and rotates, and first sleeve is connected with the chuck seat, can drive the chuck seat and rotate together, and utilizes the second sleeve, is provided with jack catch actuating mechanism in the second sleeve for whole compact structure.

Optionally, the driving pawl mounting seat and the driving pawl are arranged in the first sleeve.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, with driving pawl mount pad, driving pawl setting in first sleeve for whole structure is compacter.

Optionally, an openable cover plate is disposed on the first sleeve.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, through set up the apron that can open on first sleeve, be convenient for open the apron and overhaul.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. this application is through all being provided with the dogtooth that is used for with the contact of centre gripping work piece on two terminal surfaces with first fixture block along chuck body diameter direction to the center of first fixture block is different at the distance of the diameter direction of chuck body apart from the both ends of jack catch seat, so as long as first fixture block carries out reverse installation and can obtain the scope of different centre grippings on the jack catch seat, need change the problem of different chucks when having avoided carrying out the work piece centre gripping of different sizes.

2. This application is through setting up the second fixture block, and the centre gripping of work piece also can be carried out to the second fixture block, has just so further increased the scope of work piece centre gripping.

3. The first sliding sleeve is driven to slide in the first sliding cavity and the second sliding sleeve is driven to slide in the second sliding cavity by ventilating the air holes into the first sliding cavity and the second sliding cavity respectively, so that the first pulling claw and the second pulling claw can be driven to move, and the first pulling claw and the second pulling claw can drive the driving rod to move through the connecting rod mechanism to drive the clamping jaws; the mode has simple structure and simple assembly, and can effectively reduce the diameter of the chuck body; meanwhile, the mode also has a self-locking function, and the jaw mechanism can still clamp the workpiece under the condition of disconnecting the air source.

4. This application passes through gear revolve and drives the third sleeve and rotate on the fixing base, and the third sleeve drives second sleeve, first sleeve and rotates, and first sleeve is connected with the chuck seat, can drive the chuck seat and rotate together, and utilizes the second sleeve, is provided with jack catch actuating mechanism in the second sleeve for whole compact structure.

5. This application is through setting up drive pawl mount pad, drive pawl in first sleeve for overall structure is compacter, simultaneously, through the apron that can open that sets up on first sleeve, is convenient for open the apron and overhauls.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a chuck structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram showing a positional relationship between the driving rod and the chuck body according to the embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a chuck body according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a jaw mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a structural view of a pawl driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a first pull tab embodied in an embodiment of the present application.

1. Reference number specification, 1, jaw mechanism; 2. cushion blocks; 3. a chuck body; 4. a first sleeve; 5. a first pull claw; 6. a sealing sleeve; 7. a second sleeve; 8. a mounting seat; 9. a gear; 10. a third sleeve; 11. a driving tooth; 12. a first card slot; 13. a pin shaft; 14. a driving pawl; 15. a second card slot; 16. a drive rod; 17. locking the bolt; 18. a first sliding sleeve; 19. a second slide chamber; 20. a first slide chamber; 21. a second sliding sleeve; 22. a second pull claw; 23. air holes; 24. a driving pawl mounting seat; 25. a cover plate; 26. a seal shaft; 101. a pawl seat; 102. a bump; 103. a second fixture block; 104. a first clamping block; 105. a convex tooth; 181. a first movable tray; 182. a first movable sleeve; 201. cushion block fixing holes; 211. a second movable tray; 212. a second movable sleeve; 301. a chute; 302. a guide groove; 303. avoiding holes; 701. a partition plate.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-6.

Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the application discloses a chuck structure, which comprises a chuck body 3, a jaw mechanism 1 and a jaw driving mechanism for driving the jaw mechanism 1 to act; the jaw driving mechanism acts to drive the jaw mechanism 1 to move on the chuck body 3, the chuck body 3 is further connected with a chuck body driving mechanism for driving the chuck body 3 to rotate, and the chuck body driving mechanism can drive the chuck body 3 to rotate.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, chuck body 3 on be provided with 4 spout 301 and be used for installing jaw mechanism 1, be provided with guide way 302 on the bottom surface of every spout 301, still be provided with at chuck body 3's center and dodge hole 303, still be provided with detachable cushion 2 on chuck body 3, cushion 2 passes through cushion mounting hole 201 and locking screw fixes on chuck body 3's outer terminal surface, cushion 2 is provided with 4, can be suitable for jaw mechanism 1 of different thickness through cushion 2.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the jaw mechanism 1 includes a jaw seat 101 and a jaw, the jaw is fixed on the jaw seat 101, the jaw seat 101 is disposed on a sliding groove 301 of the chuck body 3, in this embodiment, the jaw includes a first clamping block 104 and a second clamping block 103, one end of the second clamping block 103 is connected with the jaw seat 101, the other end of the second clamping block 103 is connected with the first clamping block 104, and the thickness of the first clamping block 104 in the radial direction of the chuck body 3 is smaller than that of the second clamping block 103. In this embodiment, the first chuck block 104 is a rectangular block, and convex teeth 105 for clamping a workpiece are disposed on both end surfaces of the rectangular block in the diameter direction of the chuck body 3. The second fixture block 103 is a symmetrical structure, and two end faces of the second fixture block 103 along the diameter direction of the chuck body 3 are provided with protrusions 102 for contacting with a clamped workpiece.

The distance from the center of the first latch 104 to the end faces of the protrusions 102 at both ends of the second latch 103 in the diametrical direction of the chuck body 3 is different, that is, the first latch 104 is not disposed at the position of the line of symmetry of the second latch. In this embodiment, the first fixture block 104 and the second fixture block 103 are an integrated structure, but the first fixture block 104 and the second fixture block 103 may also be a split structure, and they may be fixed by bolts.

A fixing hole is further provided on the second latch 103, and the second latch is mounted to the jaw seat 101 by using a bolt in the fixing hole, and a mounting hole is further provided on the second latch 103, and is connected to the driving rod 16 on the jaw seat 101 by mounting the locking bolt 17 from the mounting hole.

One end of the driving rod 16 is arranged in the jaw seat 101, and the other end passes through the guide groove 302 to be connected with a jaw driving mechanism arranged outside the chuck body 3.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the jaw driving mechanism includes a link mechanism and a link driving mechanism acting with the driving link mechanism. In this embodiment, the number of the driving rods 16 is 4, the 4 driving rods 16 are distributed in an equal circumference, one end of the driving rod 16 close to the chuck body 3 is used for being connected with the jaw mechanism 1, and the other end of the driving rod 16 is connected with the link mechanism, in this embodiment, the link mechanism includes a driving jaw mounting seat 24 and a driving jaw 14 arranged on the driving jaw mounting seat 24, the driving jaw mounting seat 24 is fixed on the end surface of the chuck body 3, and the driving jaw 14 is hinged on the driving jaw mounting seat 24 through a pin shaft 13.

The other end of each driving rod 16 is connected with one driving pawl 14, and the driving rod 16 is rotatably connected with the driving pawl 14, in this embodiment, one end of the driving rod 16 connected with the driving pawl 14 adopts a clamping block with an arc-shaped cross section, a second clamping groove 15 is arranged at one end of the driving pawl 14 connected with the driving rod 16, and the arc-shaped clamping block at one end of the driving rod 16 is inserted into the second clamping groove 15, so that the driving rod 16 can rotate in the second clamping groove 15. Of course, the connection of the drive rod 16 to the drive pawl 14 may also be a hinge, a pivot connection, or the like.

The other end of the driving pawl 14 is connected to a link driving mechanism, which, with continued reference to fig. 5 and 6, comprises a second sleeve 7, in which second sleeve 7 a divider plate 701 is arranged to divide the second sleeve 7 into two parts, and in the center of the divider plate 701 an opening is also arranged. A sealing sleeve 6 is arranged on one side of the second sleeve 7 close to the chuck body 3, a second sliding cavity 19 is formed between the sealing sleeve 6 and the partition plate 701, and an opening is arranged in the center of the sealing sleeve 6 and is concentric with the opening on the partition plate 701.

A sealing mechanism is arranged on one side, away from the chuck body 3, of the second sleeve 7 to seal one side of the second sleeve 7, and a first sliding cavity second is formed between the sealing mechanism and the partition plate 701; in this embodiment, a third sleeve 10 is adopted in the sealing mechanism, the third sleeve 10 is connected with the end portion of the second sleeve 7 on the side away from the chuck body 3, and a sealing shaft 26 is arranged in the third sleeve 10 to seal the third sleeve 10.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, a first sliding sleeve 18 is disposed in the first sliding cavity 20, the first sliding sleeve 18 includes a first movable disk 181 and a first movable sleeve 182, wherein the first movable disk 181 is disposed perpendicular to the first movable sleeve 182, the first movable disk 181 abuts against an inner wall of the first sliding cavity 20, and the first movable sleeve 182 passes through an opening in the partition plate 701 and an opening in the sealing sleeve 6 to be connected to the first pull claw 5; here, a sealing strip is arranged between the first movable disk 181 and the inner wall of the first sliding cavity 20 to ensure the sealing property of the contact position, where the first movable disk 181 can be regarded as a piston, the first movable sleeve 182 can be regarded as a piston rod, the second sleeve 7 is further provided with an air hole 23 communicated with the first sliding cavity 20, and the movement of the first sliding sleeve 18 is realized through the air inlet of the air hole 23, so that the first pull claw 5 can be driven to move.

Referring to fig. 1 and 6, a second sliding sleeve 21 is disposed in the second sliding cavity 19, the second sliding sleeve 21 includes a second movable disk 211 and a second movable sleeve 212, wherein the second movable disk 211 and the second movable sleeve 212 are disposed vertically, the second movable disk 181 abuts against an inner wall of the second sliding cavity 19, the second movable sleeve 212 passes through an opening on the sealing sleeve 6 and is connected to the second pull claw 22, and the second movable sleeve 212 is sleeved on the first movable sleeve 182; here, a sealing strip is provided between the second movable disk 211 and the second sliding chamber 19 to ensure the sealing property of the contact portion, and a sealing strip is provided between the second movable sleeve 212 and the first movable sleeve 182 to ensure the sealing property of the contact portion. The second movable disk 211 can be regarded as a piston, the second movable sleeve 212 can be regarded as a piston rod, the second sleeve 7 is further provided with an air hole 23 communicated with the second sliding cavity 19, and the second sliding sleeve 21 can be moved by air intake of the air hole 23, so that the second pull claw 22 can be driven to move.

With continued reference to fig. 5 and 6, the first pulling claw 5 and the second pulling claw 22 are both of a symmetrical structure, each first pulling claw 5 is connected with two driving claws 14, each second pulling claw 22 is connected with two driving claws 14, and the driving claws 14 are rotatably connected with the first pulling claw 5 and the second pulling claw 22, in this embodiment, the first pulling claw 5 and the second pulling claw 22 are both provided with a first clamping groove 12, one end of the driving claw 14 where the first pulling claw 5 and the second pulling claw 22 are connected is provided with a clamping block with an arc-shaped cross section, and the driving claw 14 can rotate in the first clamping groove 12 by inserting the driving claw at the end into the first clamping groove 12.

Continuing to refer to fig. 5 and 6, chuck body actuating mechanism includes first sleeve 4, second sleeve 7 and third sleeve 10, wherein the one end of first sleeve 4 is fixed with the terminal surface of chuck body 3, the other end of first sleeve 4 and the one end fixed connection that second sleeve 7 is close to chuck body 3, the other end of second sleeve 7 and the one end fixed connection of third sleeve 10, the cover is equipped with gear 9 on third sleeve 10, third sleeve 10 still passes through the bearing setting on fixing base 8. The driving claw mounting seat 24 and the driving claw 14 are arranged in the first sleeve 4, and an openable cover plate 25 is arranged on the first sleeve 4, so that the cover plate 25 can be conveniently opened for maintenance.

In this embodiment, the gear 9 drives it to rotate through a driving gear 11, and the gear 9 rotates and drives the third sleeve 10 to rotate on the fixing base 8, and the third sleeve 10 drives the second sleeve 7, the first sleeve 4 to rotate, and the first sleeve 4 is connected with the chuck base 3 to can drive the chuck base 3 to rotate together.

The chuck with a wide clamping range of the embodiment has the following working process:

when the workpiece is required to be clamped, the clamping jaw driving mechanism is used for loosening and then clamping 4 clamping jaw mechanisms normally, the workpiece is clamped, the first clamping block 104 or the second clamping block 103 is selected to be clamped according to requirements during clamping, and whether the cushion block 2 is fixed on the chuck body 3 or not is selected according to requirements. If the workpiece cannot be clamped by the clamping jaw due to overlarge size of the workpiece, the clamping jaw is rotated by 180 degrees and then fixed on the clamping jaw seat 101, and if the workpiece is small in size, the workpiece cannot be clamped, and the second clamping block 103 can be selected to clamp the workpiece.

The working process of the jaw driving mechanism of the embodiment is as follows:

when the jaw mechanism 1 needs to be loosened, air is fed into the first sliding cavity 20 and the second sliding cavity 19 through the air hole 23 to drive the first sliding sleeve 18 and the second sliding sleeve 21 to move in a direction away from the chuck body 3, the first sliding sleeve 18 and the second sliding sleeve 21 can drive the first pull claw 5 and the second pull claw 22 to move in a direction away from the chuck body 3, the first pull claw 5 and the second pull claw 22 move in a direction away from the chuck body 3 to drive the drive claw 14 to rotate clockwise, so that the drive rod 16 can be driven to move in a direction away from the center of the chuck body 3, the drive rod 16 is connected with the jaw mechanism 1, the jaw mechanism 1 can be driven to move in a direction away from the chuck body 3, and the jaw mechanism 1 is loosened.

When the jaw mechanism 1 needs to be clamped, air is fed into the first sliding cavity 20 and the second sliding cavity 19 through the air hole 23 to drive the first sliding sleeve 18 and the second sliding sleeve 21 to move towards the direction close to the chuck body 3, the first sliding sleeve 18 and the second sliding sleeve 21 can drive the first pull claw 5 and the second pull claw 22 to move towards the direction close to the chuck body 3, the first pull claw 5 and the second pull claw 22 move towards the direction close to the chuck body 3 to drive the drive claw 14 to rotate anticlockwise, so that the drive rod 16 can be driven to move towards the direction close to the center of the chuck body 3, the drive rod 16 is connected with the jaw mechanism 1, the jaw mechanism 1 can be driven to move towards the direction close to the chuck body 3, and clamping of the jaw mechanism 1 is achieved.

The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by the embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a chuck that centre gripping range is wide, includes chuck body (3), jack catch mechanism (1) can chuck body (3) on slide, its characterized in that: jaw mechanism (1) include jaw seat (101) and jack catch, jack catch detachably install on jaw seat (101), the jack catch include first fixture block (104), all be provided with on two terminal surfaces along chuck body (3) diameter direction at first fixture block (104) and be used for with dogtooth (105) of centre gripping work piece contact, and the distance at the diameter direction of chuck body (3) apart from the both ends of jaw seat (101) at the center of first fixture block (104) is different.

2. The chuck with a wide clamping range as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the clamping jaw further comprises a second clamping block (103), the first clamping block (104) is fixed on the second clamping block (103), and the thickness of the first clamping block (104) in the radial direction of the chuck body (3) is smaller than that of the second clamping block (103); the second fixture block (103) is detachably mounted on the jaw seat (101), two end faces of the second fixture block (103) in the diameter direction of the chuck body (3) are respectively provided with a convex block (102) used for being in contact with a clamped workpiece, and the distance from the center of the first fixture block (104) to the end faces of the convex blocks (102) at two ends of the second fixture block (103) in the diameter direction of the chuck body (3) is different.

3. A chuck for holding a wide range of materials as in claim 1 or 2, wherein: chuck body (3) on be provided with spout (301), jack catch seat (101) set up spout (301) on be provided with guide way (302) on the bottom surface of spout (301), jack catch seat (101) on still be provided with actuating lever (16), actuating lever (16) pass guide way (302) and be connected with the outside jack catch actuating mechanism of chuck body (3).

4. A chuck for holding a wide range of materials as in claim 3, wherein: the claw driving mechanism comprises a connecting rod mechanism connected with the driving rod (16) and a connecting rod driving mechanism for driving the connecting rod mechanism to act; one end of the driving rod (16) is connected with the jaw mechanism (1), the other end of the driving rod (16) is used for being connected with the connecting rod mechanism, the connecting rod driving mechanism comprises a second sleeve (7), a partition plate (701) is arranged in the second sleeve (7) to divide the second sleeve (7) into two parts, and a hole is formed in the center of the partition plate (701);

a sealing sleeve (6) is arranged on one side, close to the chuck body (3), of the second sleeve (7), a second sliding cavity (19) is formed between the sealing sleeve (6) and the partition plate (701), and an opening is formed in the center of the sealing sleeve (6);

a sealing mechanism is arranged on one side, away from the chuck body (3), of the second sleeve (7) to seal one side of the second sleeve (7), and a first sliding cavity (20) is formed between the sealing mechanism and the partition plate (701);

a first sliding sleeve (18) is arranged in the first sliding cavity (20), the first sliding sleeve (18) comprises a first movable disc (181) and a first movable sleeve (182), the first movable disc (181) and the first movable sleeve (182) are vertically arranged, the first movable disc (181) is abutted to the inner wall of the first sliding cavity (20), and the first movable sleeve (182) penetrates through an opening in the partition plate (701), an opening in the sealing sleeve (6) and is connected with the first pull claw (5);

a second sliding sleeve (21) is arranged in the second sliding cavity (19), the second sliding sleeve (21) comprises a second movable disc (211) and a second movable sleeve (212), the second movable disc (211) and the second movable sleeve (212) are vertically arranged, the second movable disc (211) is abutted to the inner wall of the second sliding cavity (19), the second movable sleeve (212) penetrates through an opening in the sealing sleeve (6) to be connected with the second pull claw (22), and the second movable sleeve (212) is sleeved on the first movable sleeve (182);

the second sleeve (7) is also provided with air holes (23) which are respectively used for communicating the first sliding cavity (20) and the second sliding cavity (19), and the air holes (23) are used for ventilating the first sliding cavity (20) and the second sliding cavity (19) to drive the first sliding sleeve (18) and the second sliding sleeve (21) to slide;

the first pulling claw (5) and the second pulling claw (22) are respectively connected with the connecting rod mechanism.

5. The chuck of claim 4, wherein: the connecting rod mechanism comprises a driving claw mounting seat (24), a driving claw (14) is hinged to the driving claw mounting seat (24), the driving claws (14) are divided into two groups, one end of the driving claw (14) in one group is rotatably connected with the first pull claw (5), and the other end of the driving claw is rotatably connected with the driving rod (16); one end of the driving claw (14) in the other group is rotationally connected with the second pulling claw (22), and the other end is rotationally connected with the driving rod (16).

6. The chuck with wide clamping range as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the driving claw mounting seat (24) is fixed on the end face of the chuck body (3).

7. The chuck with wide clamping range as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the chuck body (3) is also connected with a chuck body driving mechanism for driving the chuck body (3) to rotate.

8. The chuck of claim 7, wherein: chuck body actuating mechanism include first sleeve (4), second sleeve (7) and third sleeve (10), wherein the one end of first sleeve (4) is fixed with the terminal surface of chuck body (3), the other end of first sleeve (4) and one end fixed connection that second sleeve (7) are close to chuck body (3), the other end of second sleeve (7) and the one end fixed connection of third sleeve (10), the cover is equipped with gear (9) on third sleeve (10), third sleeve (10) still through the bearing setting on fixing base (8).

9. The chuck of claim 8, wherein: the driving claw mounting seat (24) and the driving claw (14) are arranged in the first sleeve (4).

10. The chuck of claim 9, wherein: an openable cover plate (25) is arranged on the first sleeve (4).