CN214097457U

CN214097457U - Well cementation set cement exogenous self-repairing material repair simulation experiment device

Info

Publication number: CN214097457U
Application number: CN202022527051.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 龙丹; 曾雪玲; 赵峰
Original assignee: Jiahua Special Cement Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiahua Special Cement Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-05
Filing date: 2020-11-05
Publication date: 2021-08-31
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-05

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of automated processing product transportation equipment, the utility model discloses a well cementation set cement exogenous self-repairing material restores simulation experiment device, the reactor comprises a kettle body, go up the kettle cover, the kettle base, the gas switch control valve, the gas cylinder, the high-pressure air cock, the sample fixation clamp, the heating element, the rotation axis, the condenser pipe, liquid switch control valve, including a motor, an end cap, a controller, and a cover plate, the booster pump, the thermocouple, the liquid level inductor, temperature controller, data receiving terminal, a filter, the sampling port, advance the gas outlet, liquid recovery ware, gas recovery ware etc. it carries out the simulation of real environment in the pit to the damaged exogenous self-repairing set cement exogenous self-repairing material restoration process of well cementation set cement through the outside lets in test gas and liquid with the simulation experiment device of observing the material process better.

Description

Well cementation set cement exogenous self-repairing material repair simulation experiment device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of oil gas well engineering well cementation, concretely relates to well cementation set cement exogenous self-repairing material restores simulation experiment device.

Background

In the process of oil exploitation, the quality of well cementation is directly related to whether the follow-up operation in the well can be normally carried out, and the main purpose of well cementation is to prevent the flow channeling of oil, gas and water and ensure the smooth exploitation. Well cementation is an important operation in a well drilling process, and generally at least two times of well cementation (production wells) and as many as 4-5 times of well cementation (deep exploration wells) are required in the well drilling operation. The uppermost well cementation is surface casing well cementation and has the functions of a mud passage and an oil gas door, a blowout preventer is required to be arranged on the surface casing to prevent blowout before next drilling, and a mud guide pipe is required to be arranged on the blowout preventer to be a passage for returning drilling fluid to a mud pit.

In the process of oil and gas well exploitation, due to the change of environmental factors such as underground temperature, pressure and the like, measures such as perforation, acid fracturing and the like at the later stage can cause cracks or micro-annular gaps to appear in the cement sheath and on a cement interface, so that the sealing property of the cement sheath is lost, the problems of annular pressure, even scrapping of an oil and gas well and the like are caused, and the cracks appearing in the cement sheath can cause certain influence on the sealing property of the future cement sheath; for the cement sheath with lost tightness, measures for subsequently solving gas channeling and oil well abandonment are few, the cost is high, and accidents are easy to happen in the construction process, so aiming at the problems, a plurality of existing well cementation cements are added with exogenous self-repairing materials so as to make up for damages in use by utilizing the self-repairing function, thereby reducing the accident rate and the replacement and maintenance cost.

A plurality of cement paste self-repairing systems and exogenous self-repairing test devices are researched by domestic and foreign institutions, but the exogenous self-repairing technology for the well cementation cement sheath in China is not mature, and a unified evaluation device and an evaluation method are not provided. The device comprises an interface cementation strength test die, a frame, an upper pressure plate, a pressure head and a lower pressure plate, wherein the lower pressure plate is arranged at the bottom of the frame, the lower end of the interface cementation strength test die is arranged on the lower pressure plate, the upper end of the interface cementation strength test die is provided with the pressure head, the upper pressure plate is fixed at the top of the frame, and the upper pressure plate is positioned above the pressure head; the maximum shearing resistance of the press-removed set cement after the test and the maintenance of the press machine are carried out, and then the test mould is used for maintaining under the specific condition to test the maximum shearing resistance of the secondary press-removed set cement; the recovery rate of the interface cementing strength is calculated according to the above, so that the activity self-repairing capability of a well cementation cement slurry system is evaluated, but the device is used for testing the self-repairing capability of cement slurry, the sealing quality of a cement sheath before the oil-gas well test is put into operation and used is generally good, various well test tests at the later stage can damage the cement sheath, and the self-repairing technology of the cement slurry cannot meet the requirements. For another example, a chinese utility model patent document having a publication number of CN203519474U entitled "a test device for evaluating a self-healing effect of a cement base body" discloses a test device for evaluating a self-healing effect of a cement base body, which mainly comprises a hollow body cavity, a top cover plate, a side plate, a bottom plate, a pressure applying gasket and a screw rod, wherein 6 symmetrical drill holes are arranged at the edge of the top cover plate, and the side plate and the bottom plate are connected by screws; the testing device is characterized in that a cuboid testing module is placed in the cavity of the hollow body, a pressure applying gasket with a screw rod is positioned at the top of the testing module, the module is compressed by applying force to the screw rod, and the top of the screw rod is in a columnar hexagon shape and can be tested and adjusted by a torque wrench. The utility model discloses a top apron, curb plate, bottom plate accessible screw carry out assembled joint, and every component all can be dismantled, can extrude according to test module's size adjustment. The utility model discloses the principle is reliable, simple structure, and convenient operation can realize the simulation evaluation to cement base member repair process, has overcome prior art's defect and not enough, but this device too much in simple, also can not evaluate the selfreparing performance of material under operating condition.

Namely, in the prior art, the research methods and means try to repair the cement sheath with defective microcracks, the device and the evaluation mode have defects, and due to the limitation of experimental equipment and conditions, exogenous repair simulation experiments are rarely performed on damaged set cements by combining with actual working conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to prior art not enough, provide one kind through the outside let in test gas and liquid carry out the well cementation set cement extrinsic self-repairing material repair process of the simulation of real environment in the pit to the extrinsic self-repairing set cement that has damaged with the simulation experiment device of observing material self-repairing process better.

The utility model discloses a well cementation set cement extrinsic self-repairing material restores simulation experiment device, its characterized in that: the kettle comprises a kettle body with a kettle cover at the top and a kettle base at the bottom, wherein a heat insulation sleeve is wrapped on the outer side wall of the kettle body, and a hollow cavity is arranged inside the kettle body; a heating unit and a condenser pipe are arranged on the inner side wall of the kettle body, the heating unit is arranged between the condenser pipe and the inner side wall of the kettle body, a liquid outlet and a liquid inlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom of a cavity in the kettle body, and the liquid outlet and the liquid inlet are respectively connected with a liquid recoverer and water source equipment through pipelines with opening and closing valves; a rotating shaft with a plurality of groups of sample tables and sample fixing clamps on the shaft body is arranged in the cavity in the kettle body along the central axis of the cavity, the rotating shaft drives the sample tables and the sample fixing clamps on the shaft body to rotate in the cavity in the kettle body through a driving unit, and the sample tables and the sample fixing clamps are used for fixing the cementing cement stone exogenous self-repairing material sample to be simulated and arranged in the experimental environment cavity; the kettle cover is connected with a high-pressure air source, a high-pressure air nozzle for pressurizing the cavity in the kettle body, an internal thermocouple and an external thermocouple which are connected to a temperature controller and used for detecting the internal temperature and the external temperature of the kettle body respectively, the internal thermocouple penetrates through the kettle cover and goes deep into the cavity in the kettle body, and the external thermocouple is inserted into the kettle cover; the kettle cover is also provided with a pressure gauge which is connected with the data receiving terminal and is used for detecting the pressure of the cavity in the kettle body and a gas recovery device which is communicated with the cavity in the kettle body and is used as tail gas recovery equipment, the temperature controller is also connected with the data receiving terminal, namely, pressure is provided for the cavity through a high-pressure gas source, the temperature in the cavity is adjusted through the heating unit, quantitative water is provided for the cavity through water source equipment, the dynamic environment of fluid under the underground pressure and temperature conditions can be comprehensively simulated, the sample is driven to rotate through the rotating shaft, and the dynamic working state is repeatedly simulated, so that the actual site environment is restored to the maximum extent under the experimental conditions.

Furthermore, a liquid separation plate with a plurality of filter holes is horizontally arranged in the middle of the cavity in the kettle body, the cavity in the kettle body is divided into an upper part and a lower part, namely, a liquid level sensor used for detecting the liquid height of the lower part of the cavity in the kettle body is arranged on the liquid separation plate, and the rotating shaft can rotatably penetrate through the liquid separation plate in the cavity in the kettle body. The liquid separation plate is used for separating a gas phase from a liquid phase to simulate an environment experiment process, when gas is introduced, the test gas is partially dissolved in water, and the liquid phase environment can be used for simulating a real underground environment.

Preferably, the driving unit is a rotating motor arranged in the kettle base, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the bottom of the kettle body and is connected with the rotating motor arranged in the kettle base in a driving manner.

Further, high-pressure air source includes gas cylinder, ooze valve, the booster pump through pressure pipeline connection, is provided with manometer and on-off control valve on the pressure pipeline between gas cylinder and the ooze valve, and the exit end of booster pump links into through the pressure pipeline that has the on-off control valve high-pressure air cock, the gas in the gas cylinder is pressurized to setting for pressure through ooze valve and booster pump promptly and gets into the internal portion of cauldron for cavity pressurization simulation downhole pressure through high-pressure air cock.

Preferably, the gas cylinder stores therein a test gas, the test gas including one or more of carbon dioxide gas, hydrogen sulfide gas, and nitrogen gas, and corresponds to a main environmental gas in a downhole environment.

The water source equipment comprises a water storage tank with a water pump, and the water pump pumps water in the water storage tank into the cavity in the kettle body from the liquid inlet through a pipeline with an opening and closing valve.

The liquid recoverer comprises a water storage tank with a filter and a sampling port, and water to be removed in the cavity in the kettle body is discharged into the water storage tank through the filter by the liquid outlet through a pipeline with an on-off valve.

Compared with the scheme in the prior art, the scheme considers the underground actual working condition, simulates the dynamic fluid environment according to the underground stratum environment temperature and pressure, provides a real environment for the self-repairing material, enables the experimental conclusion to be closer to the actual exploitation working condition of an oil-gas well, utilizes the kettle body which can be pressurized and heated and is provided with the motor rotating shaft to provide the experimental device for simulating the stratum fluid and the high-temperature and high-pressure environment for the self-repairing material after the test gas and the test liquid are introduced, can truly simulate the underground actual working condition during the development of the oil-gas well after the gas and the liquid are introduced, can simulate the self-repairing capability experiment of the cement stone under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, can simulate the bottom temperature (up to 200 ℃), is provided with the tail gas recovery processing device, avoids the influence of the test gas on the environment, and has simple and easy implementation steps, the method is suitable for performing self-repairing material simulation experiments in a well cementation laboratory.

Drawings

The foregoing and following detailed description of the invention will be apparent when read in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure:

1. a kettle cover; 2. a kettle base; 3. a kettle body; 4. a thermal insulation sleeve; 5. a heating unit; 6. a condenser tube; 7. a liquid outlet; 8. a liquid inlet; 9. a water source device; 10. a sample stage; 11. a sample fixing clamp; 12. a liquid level sensor; 13. a rotating shaft; 14. a drive unit; 15. a high-pressure air tap; 16. a temperature controller; 17. an internal thermocouple; 18. an external thermocouple; 19. a data receiving terminal; 20. a gas recovery device; 21. a pressurization valve; 22. a gas cylinder; 23. a booster pump; 24. a filter; 25. a sampling port; 26. a water storage tank.

Detailed Description

The technical solution for achieving the objectives of the present invention will be further described by using several specific examples, and it should be noted that the technical solution claimed in the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the following examples.

Example 1

As a most basic embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a simulation experiment device for repairing a cementing cement stone exogenous self-repairing material, which comprises a kettle body 3 having a kettle cover 1 at the top and a kettle base 2 at the bottom, wherein a thermal insulation sleeve 4 is wrapped on the outer side wall of the kettle body 3, and a hollow cavity is formed inside the kettle body 3; a heating unit 5 and a condenser pipe 6 are arranged on the inner side wall of the kettle body 3, the heating unit 5 is arranged between the condenser pipe 6 and the inner side wall of the kettle body 3, a liquid outlet 7 and a liquid inlet 8 are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom of a cavity in the kettle body 3, and the liquid outlet 7 and the liquid inlet 8 are respectively connected with a liquid recoverer and a water source device 9 through pipelines with opening and closing valves; a rotating shaft 13 with a plurality of groups of sample platforms 10 and sample fixing clamps 11 on the shaft body is arranged in the cavity inside the kettle body 3 along the central axis of the cavity, the rotating shaft 13 drives the sample platforms 10 and the sample fixing clamps 11 on the shaft body to rotate in the cavity inside the kettle body 3 through a driving unit 14, preferably, the driving unit 14 is a rotating motor arranged in the kettle base 2, and the rotating shaft 13 penetrates through the bottom of the kettle body 3 and is connected with the rotating motor arranged in the kettle base 2 in a driving manner. The sample table 10 and the sample fixing clamp 11 are used for fixing a well cementation set cement exogenous self-repairing material sample to be simulated, so that the sample is arranged in an experimental environment cavity; the kettle cover 1 is connected with a high-pressure air source, a high-pressure air nozzle 15 for pressurizing the hollow cavity in the kettle body 3, an internal thermocouple 17 and an external thermocouple 18 which are connected to a temperature controller 16 and used for detecting the internal and external temperatures of the kettle body 3 respectively, the internal thermocouple 17 penetrates through the kettle cover 1 and goes deep into the cavity in the kettle body 3, and the external thermocouple 18 is inserted into the kettle cover 1; the kettle cover 1 is also provided with a pressure gauge which is connected with the data receiving terminal 19 and used for detecting the pressure of the cavity inside the kettle body 3 and a gas recoverer 20 which is communicated with the cavity inside the kettle body 3 and used as tail gas recovery equipment, the temperature controller 16 is also connected with the data receiving terminal 19, namely, pressure is provided for the cavity through a high-pressure gas source, the temperature in the cavity is adjusted through the heating unit 5, quantitative water is provided for the cavity through the water source equipment 9, the dynamic environment of fluid under the underground pressure and temperature conditions can be comprehensively simulated, the rotating shaft 13 drives the sample to rotate, the dynamic working state is repeatedly simulated, and the actual site environment is restored to the maximum extent under the experimental conditions.

In the experimental process, the kettle body 3 is internally provided with a heating unit 5, a condenser pipe 6, a rotating shaft 13, a simulation self-repairing material, a sample table 10, a sample fixing clamp 11, a liquid separation plate and a liquid level controller from outside to inside in sequence. The upper surface of the kettle cover 1 is provided with an air inlet for introducing test gas into the self-repairing material and increasing the internal pressure of the kettle body 3, so that the test gas is provided for a gas phase environment (a humid environment containing water vapor); an upper air inlet of the kettle cover 1 is respectively connected with a pressure gauge and a gas switch control valve, so that whether the pressure in the kettle meets the experimental requirements or not is checked after a certain amount of test gas is introduced; the kettle cover 1 is also provided with a gas outlet which is used for discharging gas after a simulation experiment of the self-repairing material and is connected with a gas collector, so that harmful gas can be effectively treated, and the discharge is reduced, and the upper surface of the kettle cover 1 is connected with a pressure gauge, an internal thermocouple 17 and an external thermocouple 18 and is used for detecting the internal pressure of the kettle body 3 and the internal and external temperatures of the kettle body 3.

A liquid inlet 8 and a liquid outlet 7 are arranged on the base of the kettle body 3 to provide test liquid for a liquid phase environment (a sample is completely immersed in the test liquid), the liquid inlet 8 is connected with a liquid switch control valve to control the amount of the liquid in the kettle body 3; the base of the kettle body 3 is also provided with a liquid outlet 7 which is connected with a liquid switch control valve and a liquid collector to collect and treat waste liquid after the experiment, thereby reducing environmental pollution.

The experimental device can truly simulate the underground actual working condition during the development of the oil-gas well after the gas and the liquid are introduced, can simulate the self-repairing capability experiment of the cement stone under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, can simulate the bottom hole temperature (up to 200 ℃) and is provided with a tail gas recovery processing device to avoid the influence of the experimental gas on the environment, and the implementation steps of the device are simple and easy, the method is suitable for performing self-repairing material simulation experiments in a well cementation laboratory.

Example 2

As an optimized embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the technical solution of the above embodiment 1, further, as shown in fig. 1, the liquid separation plate with a plurality of filtering holes is horizontally arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the kettle body 3, the inner cavity of the kettle body 3 is divided into an upper part and a lower part, that is, the liquid separation plate is provided with a liquid level sensor 12 for detecting the liquid level in the lower part of the inner cavity of the kettle body 3, and the rotating shaft 13 is rotatably passed through the inner cavity of the kettle body 3. The liquid separation plate is used for separating a gas phase from a liquid phase to simulate an environment experiment process, when gas is introduced, the test gas is partially dissolved in water, and the liquid phase environment can be used for simulating a real underground environment.

Further, high-pressure air source includes gas cylinder 22, ooze valve 21, booster pump 23 through the pressure pipeline connection, is provided with manometer and on-off control valve on the pressure pipeline between gas cylinder 22 and the ooze valve 21, and the exit end of booster pump 23 is connected into through the pressure pipeline that has the on-off control valve high-pressure air cock 15, and the gas in the gas cylinder 22 passes through ooze valve 21 and booster pump 23 and pressurizes to set pressure after entering the cauldron body 3 inside for cavity pressurization simulation downhole pressure through high-pressure air cock 15 promptly. Preferably, the gas cylinder 22 stores therein a test gas, which includes one or more of carbon dioxide gas, hydrogen sulfide gas, and nitrogen gas, and corresponds to the main environmental gas in the downhole environment.

More specifically, the water source device 9 includes a water storage tank 26 with a water pump, and the water pump pumps water in the water storage tank 26 from the liquid inlet 8 to the inner cavity of the kettle body 3 through a pipeline with an open-close valve. The liquid recoverer comprises a water storage tank 26 with a filter 24 and a sampling port 25, and the liquid outlet 7 is arranged in the inner cavity of the kettle body 3.

That is, with the experimental device of the present invention, the sample fixing clamp 11 for the self-repairing sample, which is processed in advance, is fixed on the sample table, and the tightness degree of the sample fixing clamp 11 is adjusted by, for example, a knob; test liquid and test gas are introduced, the temperature and the pressure of the kettle body 3 are controlled by the heating unit 5, the gas cylinder 22, the booster pump 23 and the temperature controller 16, the rotating shaft 13 drives the sample to rotate when rotating, the movement of formation fluid is simulated, real simulation is carried out at different pressures and different temperatures, an underground experimental environment is provided for the cementing set cement exogenous self-repairing material, and the self-repairing capability of the sample in a dynamic environment has real reliability.

During the experiment, the maintained exogenous self-repairing sample is subjected to artificial crack by Brazilian splitting, the sample is placed in a crack tester for microscopic test, the initial crack width A0 is calibrated, the pre-processed sample is fixed on a sample table by a sample fixing clamp 11, the actual temperature and pressure are set according to the actual working condition of the well bottom, a liquid water source and test gas (carbon dioxide gas, hydrogen sulfide gas or nitrogen gas) for simulating the underground environment are introduced into the kettle body 3, if the pressure provided by the gas cylinder 22 cannot reach the set value, the pressure can be increased by using the booster pump 23, the temperature in the kettle body 3 is set by the temperature controller 16 to reach the temperature required by the real underground environment, the gas switch control valve and the liquid switch control valve are closed, the motor is opened to enable the rotating shaft 13 to rotate, the rotating shaft 13 rotates to drive the sample to rotate, and the formation fluid environment is simulated, and simulating a formation experiment for a period of time, taking out the sample, placing the sample in a crack tester again, testing the crack width An of the sample, and evaluating the self-repairing capability of the sample by adopting a formula Rsh = (A0-An)/A0 × 100%.

Claims

1. The experimental device for simulating the repair of the cementing set exogenous self-repairing material is characterized in that: comprises a kettle body (3) with a kettle cover (1) at the top and a kettle base (2) at the bottom, wherein a heat insulation sleeve (4) is wrapped on the outer side wall of the kettle body (3), and a hollow cavity is arranged in the kettle body (3); a heating unit (5) and a condenser pipe (6) are arranged on the inner side wall of the kettle body (3), the heating unit (5) is arranged between the condenser pipe (6) and the inner side wall of the kettle body (3), a liquid outlet (7) and a liquid inlet (8) are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom of a cavity in the kettle body (3), and the liquid outlet (7) and the liquid inlet (8) are respectively connected with a liquid recoverer and water source equipment (9) through pipelines with opening and closing valves; a rotating shaft (13) with a plurality of groups of sample platforms (10) and sample fixing clamps (11) on the shaft body is arranged in the cavity in the kettle body (3) along the central axis of the cavity, and the rotating shaft (13) drives the sample platforms (10) and the sample fixing clamps (11) on the shaft body to rotate in the cavity in the kettle body (3) through a driving unit (14); the kettle cover (1) is connected with a high-pressure air source, a high-pressure air nozzle (15) for pressurizing the cavity in the kettle body (3), an internal thermocouple (17) and an external thermocouple (18) which are connected to a temperature controller (16) and used for detecting the internal and external temperatures of the kettle body (3) respectively, the internal thermocouple (17) penetrates through the kettle cover (1) to go deep into the cavity in the kettle body (3), and the external thermocouple (18) is inserted into the kettle cover (1); the kettle cover (1) is also provided with a pressure gauge which is connected with the data receiving terminal (19) and used for detecting the pressure of the inner cavity of the kettle body (3), and a gas recoverer (20) which is communicated with the inner cavity of the kettle body (3), and the temperature controller (16) is also connected with the data receiving terminal (19).

2. The experimental device for simulating the repair of the cementing set cement exogenous self-repairing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the liquid separation plate with a plurality of filter holes is horizontally arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the kettle body (3), the inner cavity of the kettle body (3) is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the liquid separation plate is provided with a liquid level sensor (12) used for detecting the liquid height of the lower part of the inner cavity of the kettle body (3), and the rotating shaft (13) can rotatably penetrate through the inner cavity of the kettle body (3) and is arranged on the liquid separation plate.

3. The experimental device for simulating the repair of the cementing set cement exogenous self-repairing material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the driving unit (14) is a rotating motor arranged in the kettle base (2), and the rotating shaft (13) penetrates through the bottom of the kettle body (3) and is connected with the rotating motor arranged in the kettle base (2) in a driving mode.

4. The experimental device for simulating the repair of the cementing set cement exogenous self-repairing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the high-pressure air source comprises an air bottle (22), a pressure valve (21) and a booster pump (23) which are connected through a pressure pipeline, a pressure meter and a switch control valve are arranged on the pressure pipeline between the air bottle (22) and the pressure valve (21), and the outlet end of the booster pump (23) is connected into the high-pressure air nozzle (15) through the pressure pipeline with the switch control valve.

5. The experimental device for simulating the repair of the cementing set cement exogenous self-repairing material as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the gas cylinder (22) stores test gas, and the test gas comprises one or more of carbon dioxide gas, hydrogen sulfide gas and nitrogen.

6. The experimental device for simulating the repair of the cementing set cement exogenous self-repairing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water source equipment (9) comprises a water storage tank (26) with a water pump, and the water pump pumps water in the water storage tank (26) from the liquid inlet (8) to the inner cavity of the kettle body (3) through a pipeline with an opening and closing valve.

7. The experimental device for simulating the repair of the cementing set cement exogenous self-repairing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the liquid recoverer comprises a water storage tank (26) with a filter (24) and a sampling port (25), and water to be drained from the cavity in the kettle body (3) through a pipeline with an on-off valve by the liquid outlet (7) is drained into the water storage tank (26) through the filter (24).