CN213278134U - High-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate - Google Patents
High-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN213278134U CN213278134U CN202022208217.5U CN202022208217U CN213278134U CN 213278134 U CN213278134 U CN 213278134U CN 202022208217 U CN202022208217 U CN 202022208217U CN 213278134 U CN213278134 U CN 213278134U
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of proton exchange membrane fuel cell, concretely relates to high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate. The utility model discloses a bipolar plate, include bipolar plate and be located cooling flow field on the bipolar plate, the one end in cooling flow field is provided with air inlet, hydrogen export and cooling water entry, and the other end is provided with hydrogen entry, air outlet and cooling water export, the cooling flow field is located in the middle of the bipolar plate, and the both ends in cooling flow field are provided with the distribution dot matrix, be provided with the distribution region between distribution dot matrix and cooling water entry, the cooling water export, the distribution dot matrix includes marginal dot matrix and direction dot matrix, the slope of the parallel straight runner in direction dot matrix and cooling flow field sets up, and the both sides of direction dot matrix are provided with marginal dot matrix. The utility model discloses a bipolar plate can high-efficient heat dissipation, reduce the required consumption of outer auxiliary member of pile, effectively promotes fuel cell pile generating efficiency, guarantees fuel cell operation safety and stability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of proton exchange membrane fuel cell, concretely relates to high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate.
Background
The fuel cell stack is a core device of the whole fuel cell and mainly assembled by a Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA), a bipolar plate (BPP), a sealing member and the like. Since the pem fuel cell stack generates a large amount of heat while generating electricity, the more power the fuel cell stack generates, the more heat it generates. Most PEM fuel cells adopt Nafion series membranes, the working temperature of the Nafion series membranes is suitable between 75 ℃ and 80 ℃, when the working temperature of the Nafion series membranes exceeds 80 ℃, the thermal stability and the proton conductivity of a proton exchange membrane are reduced, and the phenomenon of membrane dehydration occurs in severe cases, so that the conductivity is reduced, and the attenuation of a catalyst is accelerated. When the temperature is higher than 130 ℃, irreversible damage can be caused to the membrane, and local hot spots can cause membrane perforation, and finally, the safety of the PEMFC pile operation is influenced. Therefore, it is very important to control the working temperature of the fuel cell in time and ensure that the fuel cell provides reliable power supply under stable working conditions, thereby improving the comprehensive use performance of the fuel cell.
At present, air cooling and liquid cooling methods are commonly adopted to take away heat generated in the working process of the cell, wherein the air cooling method is commonly applied to a low-power (less than or equal to 5 kW) fuel cell system, and the operating temperature of the PEMFC pile is reduced by an air convection method. However, this method has unstable heat dissipation state and low working efficiency, and has been gradually replaced by liquid cooling method. The liquid cooling mainly depends on an independent cooling liquid flow channel designed in the bipolar plate of the fuel cell, and the liquid carries away a large amount of heat in the fuel cell through forced convection heat exchange of deionized water or mixed liquid of water and glycol. Compared with an air cooling mode, liquid cooling has the advantages of high heat transfer capacity, low flow rate and the like, the temperature distribution of the fuel cell is more uniform, and the cooling efficiency is high, so that the liquid cooling is commonly used for a high-power (more than or equal to 5 Kw) fuel cell system.
The traditional PEM fuel cell bipolar plate usually adopts a cooling flow field with a parallel direct-current channel structure, the structure is simple and easy to process, but the cooling distribution effect is poor, the cooling effect of the middle part of the fuel cell bipolar plate is often better than that of the two sides, and the phenomenon of uneven cooling effect of the whole fuel cell is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model discloses give out heat greatly to high-power fuel cell pile, the inhomogeneous characteristics of cooling temperature provide a high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate. The utility model discloses a bipolar plate can high-efficient heat dissipation, can reduce the required consumption of the outer auxiliary of pile simultaneously, effectively promotes fuel cell pile performance, guarantees fuel cell operation safety and stability.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme: the utility model provides a be used for high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate, includes the bipolar plate and is located cooling flow field on the bipolar plate, the one end in cooling flow field is provided with air inlet, hydrogen export and cooling water inlet, and the other end is provided with hydrogen inlet, air export and cooling water export, the cooling flow field is located in the middle of the bipolar plate, and the both ends in cooling flow field are provided with the distribution dot matrix, be provided with the distribution region between distribution dot matrix and cooling water inlet, the cooling water export, the distribution dot matrix includes marginal dot matrix and direction dot matrix, the direction dot matrix sets up with the parallel straight runner slope in cooling flow field, and the both sides of direction dot matrix are provided with.
The arrangement density of the guide lattices is greater than that of the edge lattices, and the number of the guide lattices is gradually increased from one side close to the distribution area to one side close to the cooling flow field.
The edge dot matrix is uniformly distributed on two sides of the guide dot matrix at equal intervals.
The cooling water inlet is positioned between the air inlet and the hydrogen outlet, and the cooling water outlet is positioned between the hydrogen inlet and the air outlet.
The distribution area comprises distribution grooves arranged at the inlet and outlet of the cooling water and raised ridges between the distribution grooves, the depth of the distribution grooves is consistent with that of the parallel straight flow channels, and the highest parts of the raised ridges are flush with the outer edge of the bipolar plate.
The height of the distribution lattice is consistent with the height of the raised ridge of the distribution area.
The bipolar plate is prepared from metal, graphite or composite materials by numerical control machine processing, mould pressing or stamping casting.
The pressure difference deltap between the inlet and the outlet of the bipolar plate cooling flow field is less than or equal to 0.5 bar.
The bipolar plate comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate, wherein the cathode plate and the anode plate respectively comprise a gas flow field on the front side and a monopole cooling flow field on the back side, the cathode plate and the anode plate are combined in a dispensing or welding mode, the back sides of the cathode plate and the anode plate are opposite to form the bipolar plate, and a bipolar plate cooling water flow field is formed between the back sides of the cathode plate and the anode plate.
The width and the depth of the flow channel of the cooling flow field are matched with the structure of the front gas flow field, the width of the flow channel is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the depth of the flow channel is 0.3-1 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following:
1. the utility model provides a cooling flow field structure both can be used to metal substrate's bipolar plate, also be applicable to graphite and combined material's bipolar plate, through numerical control machine tool (CNC), the mould pressing also or the punching press casting mode all can realize the preparation processing, the cooling flow field through this kind of structural style can effectively reduce the temperature that produces in the high-power pile, accelerate bipolar plate radiating efficiency, the inhomogeneous problem of bipolar plate heat dissipation has effectively been solved, also carried out the powerful improvement to the too big problem of inlet and outlet pressure difference simultaneously, it shows to adopt this kind of flow field design through emulation measuring and calculating and experimental test, its inlet and outlet pressure difference delta p is less than or equal to 0.5bar, avoid appearing because of the too big emergence that causes the coolant liquid to reveal the phenomenon in the pile of pressure difference.
2. The cooling flow field with the structure of the distribution dot matrix and the direct current channel can effectively ensure that the electrochemical reaction area in the bipolar plate is cooled uniformly and efficiently.
3. The cooling flow field structure with the distribution dot matrix and the direct current channel structure can effectively ensure the use safety of the fuel cell stack, particularly the stack formed by assembling the graphite substrate bipolar plate can not generate the problem of leakage of cooling liquid due to overlarge pressure difference, and the safety and stability of the stack operation are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a parallel straight-flow channel cooling flow field in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the novel straight-flow channel cooling flow field with the guide lattice according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the novel cooling flow field configuration of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution principle of the cooling fluid in the novel cooling flow field of fig. 2.
Description of reference numerals: 1-an air inlet; 2-a hydrogen outlet; 3-cooling water inlet; 4-a hydrogen inlet; 5-an air outlet; 6-cooling water outlet; 7-allocation zone; 8-distributing the dot matrix; 9-bipolar plate outer edge; 10-cooling the flow field; 7-1-a distribution tank; 7-2-raised ridges; 8-1-edge lattice; 8-2-directed lattice; 101-parallel straight flow channels.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained below with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a bipolar plate for a high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell includes a bipolar plate and a cooling flow field 10 located on the bipolar plate, one end of the cooling flow field 10 is provided with an air inlet 1, a hydrogen outlet 2 and a cooling water inlet 3, the other end is provided with a hydrogen inlet 4, an air outlet 5 and a cooling water outlet 6, the cooling flow field 10 is located in the middle of the bipolar plate, two ends of the cooling flow field 10 are provided with distribution lattices 8, distribution regions 7 are arranged between the distribution lattices 8 and the cooling water inlets 3 and between the distribution lattices 6, the distribution lattices 8 include edge lattices 8-1 and guide lattices 8-2, the guide lattices 8-2 and a parallel straight flow channel 101 of the cooling flow field 10 are obliquely arranged, and edge lattices 8-1 are arranged on two sides of the guide lattices 8-2.
The guide lattices 8-2 are arranged at a higher density than the edge lattices 8-1, and the number of the guide lattices 8-2 is gradually increased from the side near the distribution region 7 to the side near the cooling flow field 10.
The guide dot matrix 8-2 is a waist-shaped dot matrix which is obliquely arranged, the edge dot matrix 8-1 is a circular dot matrix and is uniformly distributed on two sides of the guide dot matrix 8-2 at equal intervals, so that cooling water can be continuously dispersed and flows into the parallel straight flow channels 12, and meanwhile, the strength of the bipolar plate is supported, and the bipolar plate is protected from being extruded, deformed and broken. It should be noted that the guiding matrix 8-2 may be alternatively and closely inclined matrix with other geometric shapes such as rectangle, ellipse, etc., and the edge matrix 8-1 may be replaced by other geometric matrix with square or diamond shape.
The cooling water inlet 3 is located between the air inlet 1 and the hydrogen outlet 2, and the cooling water outlet 6 is located between the hydrogen inlet 4 and the air outlet 5. In order to achieve a balanced cooling effect, a cooling water inlet is arranged between the air end inlet and the hydrogen end outlet, and a cooling water outlet is arranged between the hydrogen end inlet and the air end outlet.
The distribution area 7 comprises a distribution groove 7-1 arranged at the inlet and outlet of the cooling water and a raised ridge 7-2 arranged between the distribution grooves 7-1, the depth of the distribution groove 7-1 is consistent with that of the parallel straight flow channels 101, and the highest part of the raised ridge 7-2 is flush with the outer edge 9 of the bipolar plate. The raised ridges can not only distribute cooling fluid, but also support the bipolar plate cooling port and increase the strength of the bipolar plate, so as to prevent the phenomenon that the bipolar plate cooling port collapses and is blocked by cooling water due to the extrusion of the galvanic pile.
The height of said distribution lattice 8 coincides with the height of the raised ridge 7-2 of the distribution area 7.
The bipolar plate is prepared from metal, graphite or composite materials by numerical control machine processing, mould pressing or stamping casting.
The bipolar plate comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate, wherein the cathode plate and the anode plate respectively comprise a gas flow field on the front side and a single-pole cooling flow field 10 on the back side, the cathode plate and the anode plate are combined in a dispensing or welding mode, the back sides of the cathode plate and the anode plate are opposite to form the bipolar plate, and a bipolar plate cooling water flow field is formed between the two plates.
The width and the depth of the flow channel of the cooling flow field 10 are matched with the structure of the gas flow field on the front surface, the width of the flow channel is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the depth of the flow channel is 0.3-1 mm. The parallel direct-current channel can effectively reduce the pressure drop of the inlet and the outlet of the cooling water channel, relieve the performance requirement on the cooling water pump and effectively improve the service performance of the fuel cell stack.
The cooling flow field with the structure can effectively reduce the heat generated in the high-power galvanic pile, improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the bipolar plate, effectively solve the problem of uneven heat dissipation of the bipolar plate, and also powerfully improve the problem of overlarge pressure difference at the inlet and the outlet, and simulation measurement and experimental tests show that the pressure difference delta p at the inlet and the outlet is less than or equal to 0.5bar by adopting the flow field design, so that the phenomenon of leakage of cooling liquid in the galvanic pile caused by overlarge pressure difference is avoided.
As shown in fig. 4, when cooling water enters the guide lattice after passing through the distribution groove, the cooling fluid is forced to flow to the straight flow channel below the polar plate along with the direction of the guide lattice, thereby effectively avoiding the defects of strong middle cooling and weak cooling at two sides of the polar plate reaction area caused by the straight opposite flow of the cooling water inlet and outlet. However, when the cooling fluid is forced to flow to the lower straight flow channel of the polar plate at the inlet through the guide lattice at the inlet end, the lower cooling flow is inevitably increased, so that a lattice with a guide direction different from that of the inlet end is designed near the cooling water outlet end. The cooling fluid passing through the lower part of the polar plate is blocked by the outlet end guide dot matrix at the outlet, and the cooling water passing through the straight flow channel from the upper part of the polar plate can smoothly flow out, so that the flow velocity of the cooling fluid in the whole reaction area of the bipolar plate of the fuel cell is ensured to be balanced and uniform, and the fuel cell stack is more stable and reliable in working.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the patent scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, all the equivalent structure changes made by the present invention or the direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A bipolar plate for a high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises a bipolar plate and a cooling flow field (10) positioned on the bipolar plate, wherein one end of the cooling flow field (10) is provided with an air inlet (1), a hydrogen outlet (2) and a cooling water inlet (3), and the other end is provided with a hydrogen inlet (4), an air outlet (5) and a cooling water outlet (6), the bipolar plate is characterized in that the cooling flow field (10) is positioned in the middle of the bipolar plate, two ends of the cooling flow field (10) are provided with distribution lattices (8), a distribution area (7) is arranged between the distribution lattices (8) and the cooling water inlet (3) and between the distribution lattices (8) and the cooling water outlet (6), the distribution lattices (8) comprise edge lattices (8-1) and guide lattices (8-2), and parallel straight flow channels (101) of the cooling flow field (10) are obliquely arranged, edge lattices (8-1) are arranged on two sides of the guide lattice (8-2).
2. The high power PEM fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that said guide lattices (8-2) are arranged in a greater density than the edge lattices (8-1) and the number of guide lattices (8-2) increases from the side close to the distribution area (7) to the side close to the cooling flow field (10).
3. The high power PEMFC bipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein said edge lattice (8-1) is equally spaced on both sides of said guide lattice (8-2).
4. The high power PEM fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 1 wherein said cooling water inlet (3) is located between an air inlet (1) and a hydrogen outlet (2) and said cooling water outlet (6) is located between a hydrogen inlet (4) and an air outlet (5).
5. The high power PEM fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein said distribution area (7) comprises distribution grooves (7-1) provided at the inlet and outlet of the cooling water and raised ridges (7-2) between the distribution grooves (7-1), the depth of said distribution grooves (7-1) corresponding to the depth of the parallel straight flow channels (101), the highest of the raised ridges (7-2) being flush with the outer edge (9) of the bipolar plate.
6. The high power PEM fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 5 wherein the height of said distribution lattice (8) coincides with the height of the raised ridges (7-2) of the distribution area (7).
7. The high power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the bipolar plate is made of metal, graphite or composite material by means of numerical control machining, die pressing or stamping casting.
8. The bipolar plate for a high power PEM fuel cell according to claim 7 wherein the inlet-outlet pressure difference Δ p of the bipolar plate cooling flow field (10) is less than or equal to 0.5 bar.
9. The bipolar plate for a high power PEM fuel cell according to claim 7 comprising a cathode plate and an anode plate, both of which comprise a gas flow field on the front side and a monopolar cooling flow field (10) on the back side, the cathode plate and the anode plate being assembled by dispensing or welding, the back sides of the cathode plate and the anode plate constituting the bipolar plate opposite to each other with a bipolar plate cooling water flow field formed therebetween.
10. The bipolar plate of the high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 9, wherein the width and depth of the flow channel of the cooling flow field (10) are matched with the structure of the gas flow field on the front surface, the width of the flow channel is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the depth of the flow channel is 0.3-1 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202022208217.5U CN213278134U (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | High-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate |
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| CN202022208217.5U CN213278134U (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | High-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114023990A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-02-08 | 无锡威孚高科技集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell packaging plate and integrated double-sided fuel cell packaging piece |
| CN114864985A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-08-05 | 广东国鸿氢能科技股份有限公司 | Monopolar plate and bipolar plate |
| CN115881997A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-31 | 安徽明天新能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell bipolar plate with novel flow field and preparation method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-09-30 CN CN202022208217.5U patent/CN213278134U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114023990A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-02-08 | 无锡威孚高科技集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell packaging plate and integrated double-sided fuel cell packaging piece |
| CN114023990B (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2024-05-24 | 无锡威孚高科技集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell package plate and integrated double-sided fuel cell package piece |
| CN114864985A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-08-05 | 广东国鸿氢能科技股份有限公司 | Monopolar plate and bipolar plate |
| CN115881997A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-31 | 安徽明天新能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell bipolar plate with novel flow field and preparation method thereof |
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