CN212778205U - 一种空分启动装置 - Google Patents

一种空分启动装置 Download PDF

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CN212778205U
CN212778205U CN202021522962.0U CN202021522962U CN212778205U CN 212778205 U CN212778205 U CN 212778205U CN 202021522962 U CN202021522962 U CN 202021522962U CN 212778205 U CN212778205 U CN 212778205U
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air separation
detection module
air
expander
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邹会忠
任复明
沈利群
余发军
唐炜鸿
田曙光
董华艳
杨雪
陈龙
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Hangzhou Fortune Cryogenic Equipment Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
    • F25J3/0403—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04381—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
    • F25J3/04818—Start-up of the process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04951—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network
    • F25J3/04963—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network and inter-connecting equipment within or downstream of the fractionation unit(s)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/24—Multiple compressors or compressor stages in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/02—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream
    • F25J2240/04—Multiple expansion turbines in parallel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

本实用新型实施例公开一种空分启动装置，其DCS***用于根据空分仪表机构检测并输出的启动前空分冷却水、电、仪表气状态，在满足自动启动条件时触发启动按钮来顺序控制纯化***启动机构、冷箱***启动机构、膨胀机启动机构及产品输出启动机构相应动作。本实用新型实施例通过一键启动空分来完成从开机到输出产品的一系列复杂动作，在效率及精度方面效果较好。

Description

一种空分启动装置
技术领域
本实用新型涉及空气分离技术，尤其涉及一种空分启动装置。
背景技术
空气分离装置(简称空分)是利用空气中各组分沸点不同，把空气中的各组分气体分离，生产氧气、氮气等气体的工业设备。图1示出一种典型空分***结构，其基本工作过程为：原料空气(AIR)经过自洁式空气过滤器AF1001过滤掉空气中的灰尘及机械杂质后，通过管道进入空压机AC1001中进行压缩，压缩空气进入预冷机组RU1101中进行洗涤，冷却后的空气进入纯化***(由吸附器MS1201A及MS1201B、电加热器EH1201等构成)中进行净化，在吸附掉空气中的水分、二氧化碳及大部分碳氢化合物后分为两部分，其中一小部分作为仪表气及密封气(SEAL GAS)，另一部分进入冷箱F101 (由主换热器E1、下塔C1、主冷凝蒸发器K1、上塔C2、过冷器E2等构成)，利用透平式膨胀机组(由膨胀机ET4101和ET4101、后冷却器WC401 和WC451等构成)产生的冷量使之部分液化再进行精馏，分离出的氧气 (GOX)和氮气(GN)出冷箱F101后送至用户，污氮气则用作纯化***的再生气。
上述空分***涉及各类仪表、阀门、电机等较多控制对象，它们启动时需要按设定时序动作，一般采用纯手动控制方式或半自动控制方式进行启动。纯手动控制方式完全由多个操作员根据就地显示仪表完成操作，其设备投入成本低，缺点在于：开机调试的时候需要多人参与才能完成，人工成本高；操作准确度和精度降由操作人员的水平决定，不可控因素太多；操作人员的水平直接影响设备启动时间，造成不必要的能源损失；***启动中，需要人为去现场确认各单机启动条件才能进行下一步的操作，增加现场操作人员调试危险。半自动化控制方式的各种仪表、阀门、电机控制等都由集散控制***(DCS)完成，操作员在控制室内通过电脑即可完成对整个装置的操作，开机调试仅需要2～3人参与即可完成，人工成本降低，且设备动作准确度和精度有所提高，缺点在于：无法避免因操作人员的水平问题延长设备启动时间，造成的能源浪费；开机时操作员需要现场确认单机启动条件，无法规避现场操作人员的风险。有鉴于现有空分启动装置存在的不足，有必要就此进行优化设计。
实用新型内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本实用新型实施例目的是旨在解决上述技术问题，提出一种高效精准的空分启动装置。
为解决以上技术问题，本实用新型实施例提供技术方案具体如下所述：
一种空分启动装置，包括DCS***及分别与所述DCS***连接的启动按钮、纯化***启动机构、冷箱***启动机构、膨胀机启动机构及产品输出启动机构及空分仪表机构，所述DCS***用于根据所述空分仪表机构检测并输出的启动前空分冷却水、电、仪表气状态，在满足自动启动条件时触发所述启动按钮来顺序控制纯化***启动机构、冷箱***启动机构、膨胀机启动机构及产品输出启动机构相应动作。
较优地，所述纯化***启动机构包括依次连接的空压机启动模块、空压机压力设定模块、空压机加载模块及纯化***阀门控制模块。
其中，所述空分仪表机构配置有吸附器状态检测模块、进冷箱阀门状态检测模块及空压机就绪状态检测模块。
较优地，所述冷箱***启动机构包括进冷箱阀门控制模块。
其中，所述空分仪表机构配置有下塔液位检测模块、主冷液位检测模块、空气进下塔温度检测模块、空气进冷箱CO2纯度检测模块及空气进冷箱露点检测模块。
较优地，所述膨胀机启动机构包括依次连接的膨胀机进口阀控制模块及膨胀机导叶控制模块。
其中，所述空分仪表机构配置有下塔压力检测模块、膨胀机报警检测模块及膨胀机回流阀状态检测模块。
较优地，所述产品输出启动机构包括产品送出阀控制模块和产品放空阀控制模块。
其中，所述空分仪表机构配置有产品纯度检测模块。
较优地，所述空分启动装置包括分别与所述DCS***连接的禁启机构及中断机构，其中所述禁启机构用于启动前空分冷却水、电、仪表气状态不满足自动启动条件时进行报警并禁止空分启动，所述有中断机构用于启动过程中遇到紧急情况时暂停启动。
与现有技术相比，本实用新型实施例空分启动装置通过一键启动就可完成从开机到输出产品一系列的复杂动作，其在启动过程中无需操作员参与，操作效率及精度较高。
附图说明
图1为典型空分***结构图；
图2为本实用新型实施例空分启动装置框图；
图3为图2中空分***启动机构框图；
图4为图2中冷箱***启动机构框图；
图5为图2中膨胀机启动机构框图；
图6为图2中产品输出***启动机构框图。
以上附图中，有关附图标记如下所述：
AF1001-过滤器；AC1001-空压机；RU1001-预冷机；MS1201A/MS1201B分子筛吸附器；EH1201-电加热器；SL1201-污氮放空消音器；ET401/ET402-膨胀机；AF2001-膨胀机风机端过滤器E1-主换热器；E2-过冷器；C1-下塔；K1-主冷凝蒸发器；C2-上塔；WC401/WC451-后冷却器；SL401-氧气消音器；OC1401A/ OC1401B-氧压机；LV101-残液叶蒸发器；ST1401/ST1402-氧气缓冲罐；BT401- 氮气缓冲罐；SE301-液氮罐；W i-进水口；Wo-出水口；AIR-空气；GOX-氧气； GN-氮气；SEAL GAS-密封气。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方案对本实用新型进一步详细说明，但不应该将此理解为本实用新型的保护范围仅限于下述实施方案。
如图2所示，本实用实用新型实例的空分启动装置包括DCS***及分别与DCS***连接的启动按钮、纯化***启动机构、冷箱***启动机构、膨胀机启动机构及产品输出启动机构及空分仪表机构，其中DCS***用于根据空分仪表机构检测并输出的启动前空分冷却水、电、仪表气状态，在满足自动启动条件时触发启动按钮来顺序控制纯化***启动机构、冷箱***启动机构、膨胀机启动机构及产品输出启动机构相应动作。
本实用新型中，空分启动前的具体条件为：在空分启动前需要检查各个条件 (如冷却水、电、仪表气等)是否满足要求，只有满足要求时才可一键启动空分。在冷却水管压力、仪表气压力及电气条件同时满足要求时，可以准备启动；在准备自动条件满足及纯化***自动启动按钮被按下时，开始一键自动启动空分。
此处，一键启动顺控具体为：先是一键启动按钮动作，再是纯化***启动，接着是冷箱***启动，然后是膨胀机启动，最后输出产品，直至启动程序结束为止。
本实施例中，空分启动装置还设置与DCS***连接的禁启机构及中断机构，其中禁启机构用于启动前空分冷却水、电、仪表气状态不满足自动启动条件时进行报警并禁止空分启动，有中断机构用于启动过程中遇到紧急情况时暂停启动。
这样，本实施例采用一键启动顺控方式来启动空分，其在启动前需要检查各个条件是否满足条件，如冷却水、电、仪表气等检测状态及参数是否达标，在达标后及一键启动空分，否则可以进行报警并禁止空分启动。若一键启动过程中遇到紧急情况，可以随时暂停以避免事故。
以下对本实用新型实施例空分启动装置的纯化***启动机构、冷箱***启动机构、膨胀机启动机构及产品输出启动机构进一步进行描述。
一、纯化***启动机构
如图3所示，纯化***启动机构包括依次连接的空压机启动模块、空压机压力设定模块、空压机加载模块及纯化***阀门控制模块；对应地，空分仪表机构配置有吸附器状态检测模块、进冷箱阀门状态检测模块及空压机就绪状态检测模块。
本实施例中，纯化***启动时的条件及动作具体如下：
1、条件：
(1)吸附器A或者B准备就绪——吸附器A进出口阀门KV1201和 KV1203打开或者吸附器B进出口阀门KV1202和KV1204打开；
(2)进冷箱阀门HV101阀关闭；
(3)空压机准备就绪——仪表气压力正常和启动柜备妥。
2、动作：
(1)空压机启动；
(2)空压机压力设定；
(3)空压机加载；
(4)纯化***阀门HV1213阀门慢慢打开；
此处，纯化***阀门HV1213阀门具体动作关系为：纯化***阀门开度-时间曲线包括四段递增线段，其中第一段斜率>第三段斜率>第四段斜率> 第二段斜率，其中每阶段阀门开度和开阀时间可以开放设定。
二、冷箱***启动机构
如图4所示，冷箱***启动机构包括进冷箱阀门控制模块；对应地，空分仪表机构配置有下塔液位检测模块、主冷液位检测模块、空气进下塔温度检测模块、空气进冷箱CO2纯度检测模块及空气进冷箱露点检测模块。
本实施例中，冷箱***启动时的条件及动作具体如下：
1、条件：
(1)下塔液位LT1<100MM；
(2)主冷液位LT2<100MM；
(3)空气进下塔温度TI1>-50℃；
(4)空气进冷箱CO2纯度<1PPM；
(5)空气进冷箱露点<-65℃。
2、动作：
进冷箱阀门HV101慢慢打开。
此处，进冷箱阀门HV101动作关系为：进冷箱***阀门开度-时间曲线包括三段递增线段，其中第三段斜率>第一段斜率>第二段斜率，其中每阶段阀门开度和开阀时间可以开放设定。
三、膨胀机启动机构
如图5所示，膨胀机启动机构包括依次连接的膨胀机进口阀控制模块及膨胀机导叶控制模块；对应地，空分仪表机构配置有下塔压力检测模块、膨胀机报警检测模块及膨胀机回流阀状态检测模块。
本实施例中，膨胀机***启动时的条件及动作具体如下：
1、条件：
(1)下塔压力PT1正常；
(2)膨胀机无报警；
(3)膨胀机回流阀全开。
2、动作：
(1)膨胀机进口阀打开；
(2)膨胀机导叶慢慢打开。
此处，膨胀机进口阀的动作关系为：膨胀机进口阀开度-时间曲线包括六段，第一段、第三段及第五段为递增线段，且第一段斜率>第三段斜率>第五段斜率，第二段、第四段及第六段分别为斜率为0的保持线段，其中每阶段阀门开度和开阀时间可以开放设定；同时，膨胀机导叶的开度与膨胀机的转速成正比，而膨胀机的转速-时间也可按多段线段进行设定。
四、产品输出启动机构
如图6所示，产品输出启动机构包括产品送出阀控制模块和产品放空阀控制模块；对应地，空分仪表机构配置有产品纯度检测模块。
本实施例中，产品输出的条件及动作具体如下：
1、条件：
产品纯度合格，如：氧气、氮气、氩气的纯度合格。
2、动作：
在保证产品的压力和流程在允许变化范围之内的同时，产品送出阀慢慢打开产品放空阀慢慢关闭，直到放空阀关完流量和压力保持不变是产品送出阀开度也保持不变。
以上对本实用新型实施例空分启动装置进行了详细说明，其采用一键启动空分，优点是不需要操作员参与，点启动按钮就由DCS***完成从开机到出产品一系列复杂的动作；操作精度高，避免了因操作人员的水平问题延长设备启动时间，造成能源浪费；开机时操作员不需要去接近危险源，降低了操作人员调试危险；减少人力与能耗两方面可产生可观的经济效益。在现在自动化程度要求越来越高、人力成本和能耗要求越来越低的情况下，本实用新型实施例的空分一键自动启动则显得很有必要，其能够大大降低人力成本与能耗。
本实用新型虽然以较佳实施例公开如上，但其并不是用来限定本实用新型，任何本领域技术人员在不脱离本实用新型的精神和范围内，都可以做出可能的变动和修改，因此本实用新型的保护范围应当以本实用新型权利要求所界定的范围为准。

Claims (10)

1.一种空分启动装置，其特征在于，包括DCS***及分别与所述DCS***连接的启动按钮、纯化***启动机构、冷箱***启动机构、膨胀机启动机构及产品输出启动机构及空分仪表机构，所述DCS***用于根据所述空分仪表机构检测并输出的启动前空分冷却水、电、仪表气状态，在满足自动启动条件时触发所述启动按钮来顺序控制纯化***启动机构、冷箱***启动机构、膨胀机启动机构及产品输出启动机构相应动作。
2.如权利要求1所述的空分启动装置，其特征在于，所述纯化***启动机构包括依次连接的空压机启动模块、空压机压力设定模块、空压机加载模块及纯化***阀门控制模块。
3.如权利要求2所述的空分启动装置，其特征在于，所述空分仪表机构配置有吸附器状态检测模块、进冷箱阀门状态检测模块及空压机就绪状态检测模块。
4.如权利要求1所述的空分启动装置，其特征在于，所述冷箱***启动机构包括进冷箱阀门控制模块。
5.如权利要求4所述的空分启动装置，其特征在于，所述空分仪表机构配置有下塔液位检测模块、主冷液位检测模块、空气进下塔温度检测模块、空气进冷箱CO2纯度检测模块及空气进冷箱露点检测模块。
6.如权利要求1所述的空分启动装置，其特征在于，所述膨胀机启动机构包括依次连接的膨胀机进口阀控制模块及膨胀机导叶控制模块。
7.如权利要求6所述的空分启动装置，其特征在于，所述空分仪表机构配置有下塔压力检测模块、膨胀机报警检测模块及膨胀机回流阀状态检测模块。
8.如权利要求1所述的空分启动装置，其特征在于，所述产品输出启动机构包括产品送出阀控制模块和产品放空阀控制模块。
9.如权利要求8所述的空分启动装置，其特征在于，所述空分仪表机构配置有产品纯度检测模块。
10.如权利要求1所述的空分启动装置，其特征在于，所述空分启动装置包括分别与所述DCS***连接的禁启机构及中断机构，其中所述禁启机构用于启动前空分冷却水、电、仪表气状态不满足自动启动条件时进行报警并禁止空分启动，所述中断机构用于启动过程中遇到紧急情况时暂停启动。
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