CN212277344U - 电芯引出片、电池及电动汽车 - Google Patents

电芯引出片、电池及电动汽车 Download PDF

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CN212277344U
CN212277344U CN202021216701.6U CN202021216701U CN212277344U CN 212277344 U CN212277344 U CN 212277344U CN 202021216701 U CN202021216701 U CN 202021216701U CN 212277344 U CN212277344 U CN 212277344U
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battery
heat
cell lead
core
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柯文瑜
张�焕
许士安
周贵树
王际超
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BYD Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/100333 priority patent/WO2022001660A1/zh
Priority to JP2022581394A priority patent/JP2023532716A/ja
Priority to KR1020237003056A priority patent/KR20230028527A/ko
Priority to EP21831959.8A priority patent/EP4175048A1/en
Priority to US18/083,931 priority patent/US20230119288A1/en
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Abstract

本实用新型公开一种电芯引出片，包括导热件、主体部和从主体部的一端弯折延伸的两个延伸枝节，主体部用于电连接电池的正负极极柱，两个延伸枝节分别用于与电池中极芯的极耳电连接，两个延伸枝节间隔设置形成安装空隙，导热件设置在两个延伸枝节背离极芯的一侧，导热件覆盖安装空隙。本申请中的电芯引出片通过在其两个延伸枝节间的安装空隙处设置导热件，在不影响电芯引出片工作的情况下，增加了电芯引出片的散热面积，提升其散热性能。本申请还提供了一种电池和电动汽车。

Description

电芯引出片、电池及电动汽车
技术领域
本实用新型涉及电动汽车领域，特别涉及电芯引出片、电池及电动汽车。
背景技术
目前高功率电池，例如HEV(Hybrid Electric Vehicle混合动力)或mHEV(MildHybrid Electric Vehicle轻度混合动力)，多采用全极耳设计。而HEV/mHEV电池对功率性能要求很高，不可避免需要满足经常在大倍率下进行充放电，这就导致电池的产热量大，随之可能带来几个问题：(1)产热量大导致电池劣化加速，循环/储存寿命降低；(2)热量累积，散热困难，可能带来安全风险；(3)电池本身导热性能差需要外部液冷，带来能耗大，碳排放高的问题。如何提升电池的散热性能成为现阶段电池设计的主要方向。
实用新型内容
本申请提供一种具有良好散热性能的电芯引出片，通过在电芯引出片的两个延伸枝节间的安装空隙处设置导热件，从而提升其散热性能。
一方面，本申请提供一种电芯引出片，包括导热件、主体部和从所述主体部的一端弯折延伸的两个延伸枝节，所述主体部用于电连接电池的正负极极柱，两个所述延伸枝节分别用于与所述电池的极芯的极耳电连接，两个所述延伸枝节间隔设置形成安装空隙，所述导热件设置在两个所述延伸枝节背离所述极芯的一侧，所述导热件覆盖所述安装空隙。极芯是由正极片、隔膜和负极片卷绕形成，卷绕的极芯两侧是由正负极片引出的用于导流的极耳，为了提升极芯的输出功率，降低内阻，通常将多个极耳压合一体形成全极耳的设计，电芯引出片则是将该压合的极耳与壳体外部的正负极极柱电连接。电芯引出片与极耳电连接的方式是通过两个延伸枝节与极耳的两侧进行焊接，出于电池装配的需要，两个延伸枝节之间需要间隔设置，从而形成一个安装空隙，该安装空隙用于电池装配的使用。本申请的关键在于在安装空隙背离极芯的一侧设置导热件，通过导热件将变相增加了电芯引出片的散热面积，提升了电芯引出片的散热效果，具体的，该导热件可以是一张散热片，也可以是一块散热网，或是其他可以散热的结构，这里不做具体限定。将该散热件设置在安装空隙处是对该空间结构的合理利用，在不影响极芯工作的前提下增加了电芯引出片的散热面积，提升了散热效果。
在一种实施例中，所述导热件对所述安装空隙进行全覆盖。实施例中导热件对安装空隙进行全面的覆盖将散热面积增加到最大，散热效果得到最大的提升。
在一种实施例中，所述导热件的两端分别连接于两个所述延伸枝节。导热件的两端分别和两个延伸枝节粘结在一起，具体的粘结方式有多种，可以是在导热件的两端涂覆粘接剂，然后将两端粘接在延伸枝节上，也可以让导热件的两端分别搭在延伸枝节上，然后利用胶带，将导热件缠绕在安装空隙处。
在一种实施例中，所述导热件的一端连接于所述极耳的一个侧面。实施例中，为了让导热件安装的更为牢固，本实施例可以采用焊接的方式将导热件的一端连接于极耳的一个侧面，导热件另一端弯折覆盖在安装空隙上。
在一种实施例中，所述主体部的延伸方向为第一方向，两个所述延伸枝节的延伸方向为第二方向，在第三方向上，所述两个延伸枝节相对间隔设置，所述第一方向、所述第二方向和所述第三方向相互垂直。通过在第三方向上间隔设置的两个延伸枝节，形成安装空隙，使得电芯引出片能够更加贴合极芯的结构设计。
在一种实施例中，其中一个所述延伸枝节的表面与所述极耳的一个侧面贴合，另一个所述延伸枝节的表面与所述极耳的另一个侧面贴合。两个延伸枝节的表面分别与极耳的两侧面贴合。这样的板面贴合设计一方面增大了电流传输的功率，另一方面也增加了延伸枝节的散热能力。
一种实施例中，还包括连接部，所述连接部位于所述延伸枝节远离所述主体部的一端，且连接两个所述延伸枝节。连接部的设计在于将两个延伸枝节进行连接，确保其稳定性。
一种实施例中，所述板面通过焊接的方式与所述极耳连接。这里的焊接方式可以是超声焊或激光焊，以此确保结构的平整度和稳定性。
第二方面，本申请提供一种电池，包括壳体、极芯和上述的电芯引出片，电芯引出片与极芯电连接组成极芯组件，所述极芯组件收容于壳体内。实施例中，电芯引出片与极芯的极耳电连接，二者共同被收容在壳体内部，具体的，壳体包括下壳体和盖板，下壳体具有一个收容空间，电芯引出片被放置在收容空间内，盖板上设有正极极柱和负极极柱，极耳通过电芯引出片与正负极极柱连接。
第三方面，本申请提供一种电动汽车，包括上述的电池，上述实施例中电池的电芯引出片具有良好的散热效果，能有效降低极芯工作时的散热问题，避免电动汽车因为电池中的极芯过热导致使用异常。
本申请实施例中电芯引出片，通过在其两个延伸枝节间的安装空隙处设置导热件，在不影响电芯引出片工作的情况下，增加了电芯引出片的散热面积，提升其散热性能。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型一个实施例中隐藏导热件的电芯引出片和极芯安装的结构示意图；
图2是本实用新型一个实施例中电芯引出片与极芯安装的结构示意图；
图3是本实用新型一个实施例中隐藏导热件的电芯引出片的结构示意图；
图4是本实用新型一个实施例中电芯引出片的结构示意图；
图5是本实用新型另一个实施例中电芯引出片与极芯安装的结构示意图；
图6是本实用新型一个实施例中电芯引出片与极芯安装的左视图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请的具体实施方式进行清楚地描述。
本申请提供一种电芯引出片10，该电芯引出片10可广泛应用于电池组装中。为了更详尽的说明方案中电芯引出片10的特征，请一并参阅图1至图5。
如图1和图2所示，电芯引出片10和极芯20安装的结构示意图，其中图1中是电芯引出片10在隐藏导热件13时的结构示意图。电芯引出片10包括主体部11和从主体部11引出的两个延伸枝节12，主体部11外接正负极柱40，两个延伸枝节12分别与极芯20电连接，如图3所示，两个延伸枝节12间隔设置形成安装空隙14，这里的安装空隙14是为了之后电芯引出片10与极耳21的焊接所预制的空间，便于焊接器材的放置。在安装空隙14背离极芯20的一侧设置导热件13。实施例中的极芯20通常是由正极片、隔膜和负极片卷绕形成，卷绕的极芯20两侧是由正负极片引出的用于导流的极耳21，为了提升极芯20的输出功率，降低内阻，通常将多个极耳21压合一体形成全极耳的设计，电芯引出片10则是将该压合的极耳21与外部的正负极极柱40电连接。电芯引出片10与极耳21电连接的方式是通过两个延伸枝节12与极耳21的两侧进行焊接。如图3所示，出于电池设置的需要，两个延伸枝节12之间需要间隔设置，从而形成一个安装空隙14。如图2所示，本实施例设计的关键是在安装空隙14背离极芯21的一侧设置导热件13，通过导热件13将变相增加了电芯引出片10的散热面积，提升了电芯引出片10的散热效果。需要说明的是，该导热件13可以是一张散热片，也可以是一块散热网，或是其他可以散热的结构，这里不做具体限定。将该散热件13设置在安装空隙处是对该空间结构的合理利用，在不影响极芯20工作的前提下增加了电芯引出片10的散热面积，提升了散热效果。
具体的，如图1和图3所示，主体部11的延伸方向为第一方向X，两个延伸枝节12的延伸方向为第二方向Y，在第三方向Z上，两个延伸枝节12相对间隔设置，第一方向X、第二方向Y和第三方向Z相互垂直。
在一个具体的实施例中，如图2、图3和图4所示，导热件13对安装空隙14进行全覆盖。实施例中导热件13对延伸枝节12之间的安装空隙14进行全面的覆盖，从而提升了整个电芯引出片10的散热面积，使散热效果得到最大的提升。本申请技术方案的核心就在于合理利用两个延伸枝节12之间的安装空隙14来提升电芯引出片10的散热面积，所以在本实施例中，导热件13形成对安装空隙14的全覆盖，从而尽可能的提升散热效果。
在一个具体的实施例中，如图2、图3和图4所示，两个延伸枝节12相对的方向为第三方向Z，导热件13在第三方向Z上的两端分别连接于两个延伸枝节12。具体的，导热件13在第三方向Z上的两端分别和两个延伸枝节12粘结在一起，这里的粘结方式有多种，可以是在导热件13的两端涂覆粘接剂，然后将两端粘接在延伸枝节12上，形成对安装空隙14的全覆盖；也可以让导热件13的两端分别搭在延伸枝节12上，然后利用胶带将导热件13缠绕在延伸枝节12上，形成对安装空隙14的全覆盖。
在一个具体的实施例中，如图3、图4和图5所示，两个延伸枝节12相对的方向为第三方向Z，导热件13在第三方向Z上的一端连接于极耳21的一侧。具体的，为了让导热件13安装的更为牢固，本实施例采用焊接的方式将导热件13的一端连接于极耳21的一侧面，导热件13的另一端则只需要弯折覆盖安装空隙14即可。在另一个具体的实施例中，可以选用胶带将导热件13的两端与极耳21的两侧进行固定连接，需要说明的是，不管导热件13和极耳21以何种方式连接，都必须满足导热件13对安装空隙14的全覆盖。
在一个具体的实施例中，如图6所示，其中一个延伸枝节12的表面与极耳21的一个侧面贴合，另一个延伸枝节12的表面与极耳21的另一个侧面贴合。这样的贴合设计一方面增大了电流传输的功率，另一方面也增加了延伸枝节12的散热能力。
在一个具体的实施例中，如图3和图6所示，延伸枝节12远离主体部11的一端设有连接部16，连接部16用于连接两个延伸枝节12。连接部16的设计在于将两个延伸枝节12进行连接，确保其结构的稳定性。
在一个具体的实施例中，如图6所示，延伸枝节12的板面通过焊接的方式与极耳21连接。这里的焊接方式可以是超声焊或激光焊，以此确保结构的平整度和稳定性。
需要说明的是，本申请中导热件为具有良好导热性能的材质
具体的，导热件为金属材质，这里的金属材质可以选取如铝、黄铜、紫铜、钢、铁中的一种或多种。需要说明的是在选取金属材质的导热件后，通常在侧面极耳端套侧隔圈，该侧隔圈为PP或PE等绝缘材质，以防止金属材质的导热件与壳体发生接触，导致漏电。
具体的，导热件为导热硅胶材质。导热硅胶材质是一种绝缘的导热材料，例如氧化铝，氧化硅，氧化镁，氧化锌，氮化铝，氮化硼，氧化镁，碳化硅等中的一种或多种。采用导热硅胶材质的导热件具有良好的绝缘性能，避免因为导热件的设置发生短路或漏电等事故。
具体的，导热件为复合陶瓷材质。这里的复合陶瓷主要是塑料与高导热材料的混合物，塑料可以是PP(聚丙烯)、PE(聚乙烯)中的一种或多种，高导热材料可以是氧化铝，氧化硅，氧化镁，氧化锌，氮化铝，氮化硼，氧化镁，碳化硅等中的一种或多种。采用复合陶瓷材质的导热件不仅满足散热的需要，同时也没有短路漏电的风险。
在一个具体的实施例中，导热件为碳基材料。这里的碳基材料包括散热层和导热绝缘层。散热层可以是石墨烯、炭黑、碳管、石墨等碳基材料中的一种或多种，导热绝缘层可以是导热硅胶或者复合陶瓷中的一种或者多种。
第二方面，本申请提供一种电池，包括壳体、极芯和电芯引出片，电芯引出片与极芯电连接，收容于壳体内。实施例中，电芯引出片与极芯的极耳电连接，二者共同被收容在壳体内部，具体的，壳体包括下壳体和盖板，下壳体具有一个收容空间，电芯引出片被放置在收容空间内，盖板上设有正负极极柱，极耳通过电芯引出片与正负极极柱连接，实施例中电池因为电芯引出片上导热件的设计，具有很好的散热效果，避免了工作时极芯因为温度过高而带来的危险。
本实施例所提供的电池在使用了包含导热件的电芯引出片以后，能够大幅降低其极芯侧面的接触热阻，这里以一组实际测量数据进行对比说明。
实验步骤包括：(1)选用带有导热件的电芯引出片进行电池的装配；(2)在壳体的外表面每个面至少加上三个热电偶以保证采温准确性，测试条件：25℃，50％SOC电池，以6C/10S连续进行充放。直到每个热电偶的温度都达到平衡(平衡条件：温度变化0.5°/10min)，在上述条件下获取实验数据；(3)取初始电芯，去除导热件，也按上述方法测试，再次获取实验数据；(4)实测得到的数据通过仿真计算出电芯各个方向的接触热阻。
得到下表1数据：
单位(K*m<sup>2</sup>/W) 不含导热件 含有导热件
侧面 0.002915 0.0015
大面 0.00245 0.00245
顶面 0.04 0.04
底面 0.02 0.02
表1
从表1中看出加了导热件以后，极芯侧面的接触热阻数据降低，从0.002915K*m2/W降到0.0015K*m2/W，由此可以看出本申请所提供的带有导热件的电芯引出片能够对极芯的散热有很好的效果。
第三方面，本申请提供一种电动汽车，包括上述电池，上述实施例中电池的电芯引出片具有良好的散热效果，提高了极芯的散热性能，避免因为极芯温度过高而带来的安全隐患；同时，如果极芯自身的散热性能差，就需要外部设备进行液冷降温，变相增加了电动汽车的能耗，带来碳排放高的问题，因此本申请也可以减小整包热阻，降低整车能耗。
以上仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

1.一种电芯引出片，其特征在于，包括导热件、主体部和从所述主体部的一端弯折延伸的两个延伸枝节，所述主体部用于电连接电池的正负极极柱，两个所述延伸枝节分别用于与所述电池中极芯的极耳电连接，两个所述延伸枝节间隔设置形成安装空隙，所述导热件设置在两个所述延伸枝节背离所述极芯的一侧，所述导热件覆盖所述安装空隙。
2.如权利要求1所述的电芯引出片，其特征在于，所述导热件对所述安装空隙进行全覆盖。
3.如权利要求2所述的电芯引出片，其特征在于，所述导热件的两端分别连接于两个所述延伸枝节。
4.如权利要求2所述的电芯引出片，其特征在于，所述导热件的一端连接于所述极耳的一个侧面。
5.如权利要求3或4所述的电芯引出片，其特征在于，所述主体部的延伸方向为第一方向，两个所述延伸枝节的延伸方向为第二方向，在第三方向上，所述两个延伸枝节相对间隔设置，所述第一方向、所述第二方向和所述第三方向相互垂直。
6.如权利要求5所述的电芯引出片，其特征在于，其中一个所述延伸枝节的表面与所述极耳的一个侧面贴合，另一个所述延伸枝节的表面与所述极耳的另一个侧面贴合。
7.如权利要求6所述的电芯引出片，其特征在于，还包括连接部，所述连接部位于所述延伸枝节远离所述主体部的一端，且连接两个所述延伸枝节。
8.如权利要求6所述的电芯引出片，其特征在于，所述延伸枝节通过焊接的方式与所述极耳连接。
9.一种电池，其特征在于，包括壳体、极芯芯和如权利要求1-8中任一所述的电芯引出片，所述极芯芯和所述电芯引出片收容于所述壳体内。
10.一种电动汽车，其特征在于，包括如权利要求9中所述电池。
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CN209675429U (zh) * 2019-05-21 2019-11-22 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 一种二次电池
CN212277344U (zh) * 2020-06-28 2021-01-01 比亚迪股份有限公司 电芯引出片、电池及电动汽车

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022001660A1 (zh) * 2020-06-28 2022-01-06 比亚迪股份有限公司 电芯引出片、电池及电动汽车
CN113964417A (zh) * 2021-10-20 2022-01-21 东莞新能安科技有限公司 电池组及用电设备

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