CN212259328U - Electroacoustic transducer and electronic device with same - Google Patents
Electroacoustic transducer and electronic device with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN212259328U CN212259328U CN202021361975.4U CN202021361975U CN212259328U CN 212259328 U CN212259328 U CN 212259328U CN 202021361975 U CN202021361975 U CN 202021361975U CN 212259328 U CN212259328 U CN 212259328U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an electroacoustic transducer and have its electron device, the device includes: an outer housing; the vibrating diaphragm is arranged in the outer shell and divides the outer shell into a first cavity and a second cavity; the magnet is arranged in the second cavity; the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate which are oppositely arranged are respectively and fixedly connected with the magnet; the moving iron sheet is arranged between the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate, and a space is respectively arranged between the moving iron sheet and the upper polar plate as well as between the moving iron sheet and the lower polar plate; the moving iron sheet is fixed on the lower polar plate through the fixed column and can swing in the space; the moving iron sheet is positioned on two sides of the fixed column and has an asymmetric structure; one end of the driving rod is connected with the moving iron sheet, and the other end of the driving rod is connected with the center of the vibrating diaphragm; and the coil is wound on the moving iron sheet. According to the scheme, the adjustment of the main resonance peak frequency of the electromagnetic type electroacoustic transducer is realized by utilizing the asymmetric structure that the moving iron sheet is positioned on the two sides of the fixed column, so that the sensitivity of the electroacoustic transducer at the frequency of 1kHz is improved when the electroacoustic transducer is used as a transmitter and a receiver.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to electroacoustic transducer and have its electron device.
Background
The electromagnetic electroacoustic transducer is an important device in the fields of passive communication and emergency communication by virtue of high sensitivity, and has a wide application scene.
The overall properties, especially the frequency response, of the electromagnetic electroacoustic transducer are determined by the properties of the moving iron sheet, the acoustic cavity and the acoustic hole. Because the mass (rotational inertia) and the restoring force (restoring moment) of the moving iron sheet are far larger than the related parameters of the vibrating diaphragm, the air in the sound cavity and the air in the sound outlet, the overall frequency response of the electromagnetic electroacoustic transducer is mainly determined by the mechanical characteristics of the moving iron sheet.
In the prior art, due to processing errors and poor assembly consistency, the main resonant peak frequency of the produced electromagnetic electroacoustic transducer has the problems of deviation, fluctuation, dispersion distribution and the like, so that the sensitivity of the electroacoustic transducer is reduced, and the high-efficiency transduction characteristic cannot be fully exerted and utilized. In addition, when the electromagnetic transducer is operated as a transmitter and a receiver, the acoustic environments of the electromagnetic transducer are not completely the same, and the main resonant peak frequencies of the transmitter and the receiver are different.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the utility model provides an electroacoustic transducer and have its electron device for realize the regulation to electromagnetic type electroacoustic transducer owner resonance peak frequency, solve electroacoustic transducer when being the problem that the sensitivity of frequency for 1kHz department is low when microphone and receiver respectively.
In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the utility model provides a following technical scheme:
one of the embodiments of the utility model provides an electroacoustic transducer, include:
the device comprises an outer shell, wherein a through hole is formed in one end face of the outer shell;
the vibrating diaphragm is arranged inside the outer shell and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the outer shell to divide the outer shell into a first cavity and a second cavity, the through hole is communicated with the first cavity, and the second cavity is positioned on one side of the vibrating diaphragm, which is far away from the through hole;
a magnet disposed within the second cavity;
the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate are oppositely arranged and are respectively fixedly connected with the magnet;
the moving iron sheet is arranged between the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate, and a space is respectively arranged between the moving iron sheet and the upper polar plate as well as between the moving iron sheet and the lower polar plate; the moving iron sheet is fixed on the lower polar plate through a fixing column and can swing in the space;
the moving iron sheet is positioned on two sides of the fixed column and is of an asymmetric structure;
one end of the driving rod is connected with the moving iron sheet, and the other end of the driving rod is connected with the center of the vibrating diaphragm;
a first groove is formed in a first side face, facing the driving rod, of the movable iron sheet, and the driving rod is fixedly connected with the movable iron sheet through the first groove;
and the coil is wound on the moving iron sheet, and the end point of the coil is connected to the outside of the outer shell through a terminal.
Optionally, the distance between the fixed column and the first side surface is greater than the distance between the fixed column and the second side surface;
the second side face is the side face opposite to the first side face on the moving iron sheet.
Optionally, the movable iron sheet further includes a third side and a fourth side opposite to each other, and the third side and the fourth side are connected to the twisting sheet through the twisting rod respectively.
Optionally, the axes of the twisting rod and the twisting sheet are located on the same straight line with the axis of the fixing column.
Optionally, an edge of the moving iron piece protrudes relative to edges of the upper pole plate and the lower pole plate.
Optionally, a second groove is formed in the first groove in a direction towards the fixing column, and the driving rod is fixedly connected with the second groove;
wherein the first groove is in communication with the second groove.
Optionally, two ends of the upper pole plate and the lower pole plate are respectively provided with a protruding body protruding towards the moving iron sheet, and the protruding body and the moving iron sheet form a spacing space therebetween.
Optionally, the coil is disposed between the upper pole plate and the lower pole plate, and a space is reserved between the coil and the moving iron sheet.
Optionally, the outer shell is provided with a plurality of through holes.
Optionally, the magnet is made of a hard magnetic material, and the upper pole plate, the lower pole plate and the moving iron sheet are made of a soft magnetic material.
Optionally, the second cavity is formed as a sealed space.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an electron device is still provided, including foretell electroacoustic transducer.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model provides an outer shell, one end surface of which is provided with a through hole; the vibrating diaphragm is arranged inside the outer shell and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the outer shell to divide the outer shell into a first cavity and a second cavity, the through hole is communicated with the first cavity, and the second cavity is positioned on one side of the vibrating diaphragm, which is far away from the through hole; a magnet disposed within the second cavity; the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate are oppositely arranged and are respectively fixedly connected with the magnet; the moving iron sheet is arranged between the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate, and a space is respectively arranged between the moving iron sheet and the upper polar plate as well as between the moving iron sheet and the lower polar plate; the moving iron sheet is fixed on the lower polar plate through a fixing column and can swing in the space; the moving iron sheet is positioned on two sides of the fixed column and is of an asymmetric structure; one end of the driving rod is connected with the moving iron sheet, and the other end of the driving rod is connected with the center of the vibrating diaphragm; a first groove is formed in a first side face, facing the driving rod, of the movable iron sheet, and the driving rod is fixedly connected with the movable iron sheet through the first groove; and the coil is wound on the moving iron sheet, and the end point of the coil is connected to the outside of the outer shell through a terminal. The structure that the moving iron sheet is located on the two sides of the fixed column is designed to be an asymmetric structure, and the asymmetric structure is utilized, so that the adjustment of the main resonance peak frequency of the electromagnetic type electroacoustic transducer is realized under the condition that the overall performance of other components of the electroacoustic transducer is not influenced, and the sensitivity of the electroacoustic transducer at the frequency of 1kHz is improved to a certain extent when the electroacoustic transducer is respectively used as a transmitter and a receiver.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electroacoustic transducer device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a moving iron plate structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a W according to the embodiment of the present invention1The frequency response diagram of the moving iron sheet corresponding to the value;
fig. 4 is a graph showing a comparison of the improved results of the electroacoustic transducer device provided as a microphone according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a graph showing a comparison of the improved results of the electroacoustic transducer device provided as a receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1-an outer shell; 2-a through hole; 3-vibrating diaphragm; 4-a first cavity; 5-a connecting rod; 6-a second cavity; 7-a magnet; 8-terminal; 9-fixing the column; 10-a coil; 11-a lower polar plate; 12-a separation space; 13-moving iron sheet; 14-an upper polar plate; 15-twisting the rod; 16-a twist piece; 17-a first groove; 18-second groove.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The utility model discloses to the unable problem of adjusting of electromagnetic type electroacoustic transducer owner's resonance peak frequency, provide an electroacoustic transducer.
One of the embodiments of the utility model provides an electroacoustic transducer, include:
the device comprises an outer shell 1, wherein a through hole 2 is formed in one end face of the outer shell 1;
the vibrating diaphragm 3 is arranged inside the outer shell 1, the vibrating diaphragm 3 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the outer shell 1, the outer shell 1 is divided into a first cavity 4 and a second cavity 6, the through hole 2 is communicated with the first cavity 4, and the second cavity 6 is positioned on one side, far away from the through hole 2, of the vibrating diaphragm 3;
a magnet 7 disposed within the second cavity 6;
the upper pole plate 14 and the lower pole plate 11 are oppositely arranged, and the upper pole plate 14 and the lower pole plate 11 are respectively fixedly connected with the magnet 7;
the moving iron sheet 13 is arranged between the upper pole plate 14 and the lower pole plate 11, and a space 12 is respectively arranged between the moving iron sheet 13 and the upper pole plate 14 as well as between the moving iron sheet 13 and the lower pole plate 11; the moving iron sheet 13 is fixed on the lower polar plate 11 through a fixing column 9, and the moving iron sheet 13 can swing in the spacing space 12;
the moving iron sheet 13 is located on two sides of the fixed column 9 and is of an asymmetric structure;
one end of the driving rod 5 is connected with the moving iron sheet 13, and the other end of the driving rod 5 is connected with the center of the vibrating diaphragm 3;
a first groove 17 is formed in a first side surface of the moving iron sheet 13 facing the driving rod 5, and the driving rod 5 is fixedly connected with the moving iron sheet 13 through the first groove 17;
and a coil 10 wound on the moving iron piece 13, wherein an end point of the coil 10 is connected to the outside of the outer shell 1 through a terminal 8.
The magnet 7 is made of hard magnetic material, and the upper pole plate 14, the lower pole plate 11 and the moving iron sheet 13 are made of soft magnetic material.
It should be noted that, when the electroacoustic transducer is manufactured, in the embodiment, the outer casing 1 is made of an aluminum casing with a painted outer surface, so that the effects of light weight and corrosion resistance can be achieved; the vibrating diaphragm 3 adopts a thicker polyester film, so that the service life of the electroacoustic transducer can be prolonged; the upper pole plate 14, the lower pole plate 11 and the moving iron sheet 13 are all made of iron-nickel alloy and are subjected to heat treatment, so that the characteristic of quick magnetic conduction of soft magnetic materials of the moving iron sheet is realized, and the change rate of a magnetic field can follow the mechanical motion of the moving iron sheet 13 when the moving iron sheet 13 swings at high frequency; the fixing column 9 is made of diamagnetic material copper, so that the short circuit between the moving iron sheet 13 and the lower pole plate 11 through the fixing column 9 by a magnetic field can be prevented; the magnet 7 is made of hard magnetic material AlNiCo, and after being magnetized for one time, the total magnetic flux of the magnet can be kept unchanged for a long time under the condition of no external magnetic field; the coil 10 is wound by enameled wires, and can realize multi-turn winding in a small space range.
The two poles of the magnet 7 are tightly connected with the upper pole plate 14 and the lower pole plate 11.
The driving rod 5 is a rigid structure, one end of the driving rod 5 is connected with the moving iron sheet 13, and the other end is connected with the center of the vibrating diaphragm 3, so that the conversion function between sound pressure and vibration of the moving iron sheet 13 can be achieved.
The moving iron sheet 13 is fixed on the lower pole plate 11 through the fixed column 9, and when the moving iron sheet 13 works, the moving iron sheet can move like a seesaw in the interval space 12, so that the magnetic fields in the interval space 12, the space between the upper pole plate 14 and the moving iron sheet 13 and the space between the lower pole plate 11 and the moving iron sheet 13 are changed.
The distance between the fixed column 9 and the first side surface is greater than the distance between the fixed column 9 and the second side surface;
the second side surface is the side surface of the moving iron sheet 13 opposite to the first side surface.
The moving iron sheet 13 further includes a third side and a fourth side opposite to each other, and the third side and the fourth side are respectively connected with a twisting sheet 16 through a twisting rod 15.
The axes of the torsion bar 15 and the torsion piece 16 are on the same straight line with the axis of the fixed column 9.
Note that the moving iron piece 13 is formed by processing a thin plate of a soft magnetic material, and as shown in fig. 2, the main body of the moving iron piece 13 is a rectangular shape, and the rectangular main body serves as an inertial load when the moving iron piece 13 is torsionally vibrated in addition to a magnetic conductive medium of a magnetic circuit system, and the size of the moving iron piece 13 needs to be determined by the moment of inertia when performing the size design.
The third side and the fourth side opposite to the moving iron sheet 13 are respectively connected with a twisting sheet 16 positioned outside the magnetic circuit system through twisting rods 15 with rectangular sections, and when the magnetic circuit system works, the twisting rods 15 with the two rectangular sections are twisted to provide restoring torque when the moving iron sheet 13 is in torsional vibration.
The distance between the center of the fixing column 9 and the first side surface is Wa+W1Is greater than the distance W between the center of the fixing column 9 and the second side surfacea。
The axes of the twisting rod 15 and the twisting sheet 16 and the fixed column 9 are in the same straight line, and the shape of the twisting sheet 16 is circular.
The edge of the moving iron piece 13 protrudes relative to the edges of the upper pole plate 14 and the lower pole plate 11.
It should be noted that, the edge of the moving iron sheet 13 protrudes relative to the edges of the upper pole plate 14 and the lower pole plate 11, so that the adjustment of the attraction moment of the upper pole plate 14 and the lower pole plate 11 on the moving iron sheet 13 can be realized, the height of the moving iron sheet 13 allowed to move in the space 12 is further reduced, the non-linear degree of the attraction force of the upper pole plate 14 and the lower pole plate 11 on the moving iron sheet 13 is further reduced, the attraction moment of the upper pole plate 14 and the lower pole plate 11 on the moving iron sheet 13 is reduced, and the magnetic attraction phenomenon can be effectively avoided.
A second groove 18 is formed in the first groove 17 in the direction towards the fixing column 9, and the driving rod 5 is fixedly connected with the second groove 18;
wherein the first recess 17 communicates with the second recess 18.
As shown in fig. 2, a first groove 17 is formed on a side surface of the moving iron piece 13 facing the magnet 7, and one end of the driving rod 5 is fixed inside the first groove 17.
The first groove 17 is provided with a second groove 18 in the direction towards the fixed column 9, the first groove 17 is communicated with the second groove 18, the sectional area of the first groove 17 is larger than that of the second groove 18, and the driving rod 5 is inserted into the second groove 18 and is welded and fixed with the second groove 18.
The two ends of the upper polar plate 14 and the lower polar plate 11 are respectively provided with a convex body protruding towards the moving iron sheet 13, and the gap space 12 is formed between the convex body and the moving iron sheet 13.
It should be noted that, two ends of the upper pole plate 14 and the lower pole plate 11 are respectively provided with a protrusion protruding towards the moving iron piece 13, and the protrusions provided at the corresponding ends of the upper pole plate 14 and the lower pole plate 11 are opposite, and a space 12 is formed between the moving iron piece 13 and each protrusion, so that a total of 4 spaces 12 are formed.
The coil 10 is arranged between the upper pole plate 14 and the lower pole plate 11, and a space is reserved between the coil 10 and the moving iron sheet 13.
It should be noted that the coil 10 is disposed between the upper pole plate 14 and the lower pole plate 11, and in order to ensure that the moving iron piece 13 is not interfered during movement, a reserved space is provided between the coil 10 and the moving iron piece 13.
The outer shell 1 is provided with a plurality of through holes 2.
It should be noted that the first cavity 4 is communicated with the outside air through the through holes 2, and in order to ensure the smooth communication between the first cavity 4 and the outside air, the outer casing 1 is provided with a plurality of through holes 2.
The second cavity 6 is formed as a sealed space.
Note that, in order to prevent the magnet 7, the fixed column 9, the coil 10, the lower pole plate 11, the moving iron piece 13, and the upper pole plate 14 in the second cavity 6 from being oxidized, the second cavity 6 needs to be formed as a sealed space. When the device is manufactured, the sealing of the second cavity 6 is realized by adopting a glue beating mode between the vibrating diaphragm 3 and the outer shell 1.
The operation principle of the electroacoustic transducer device will be explained below.
When the electroacoustic transducer works, the rotational inertia of the moving iron sheet relative to a torsion central shaft is set to be M, the torque coefficient of the torsion restoring force is set to be K, the torsional angular displacement is set to be theta, and the torsional kinetic equation of the moving iron sheet relative to the torsion central shaft is set as follows:
wherein gamma is the total torsional damping coefficient after all the various losses such as the iron-nickel alloy shearing loss, the air damping borne by the moving iron sheet and the like are considered; f is the magnetic attraction force exerted on the moving iron sheet by the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate at the single-end spacing space; fzThe vibrating diaphragm applies force to the moving iron sheet through the driving rod; wFThe distance between the spacing space between the moving iron sheet and the upper polar plate or the lower polar plate and the torsion center is; wzThe distance of the first groove from the torsion central axis. According to the formula (1), the torsional motion of the moving iron sheet is a damped forced vibration, and an intrinsic torsional resonance frequency f exists0And simultaneously, the resonance frequency under forced vibration:
at this frequency point, the moving iron plate has the largest amplitude, whereas at typical frequencies, the amplitude of the moving iron plate is smaller.
The distance W between the center of the fixed column and the second side surface is calculated through simulationaIs fixed byAnd other parameters are fixed, the distance between the center of the fixed column and the first side surface and the distance W are changedaPrevious difference value W1To change the value of the intrinsic torsional resonance frequency by a different W1The frequency response of the moving iron sheet corresponding to the value is shown in FIG. 3, and the curve in FIG. 3 is W from left to right1A value of 3.5, W1A value of 3, W1A value of 2.5 and W1The frequency response curve of the moving iron sheet corresponding to the value 2 can be seen from the figure, along with W1The increase of the value, the eigenfrequency moves to the direction of low frequency, and the variable quantity of frequency is gradually increased, this accords with the characteristics of torsional vibration. In practical design, the resonance frequency of the moving iron sheet is finely adjusted in a small range in this way, so that the design of the main resonance peak of the whole electroacoustic transducer is realized. Fig. 4 is a comparison of the improvement result of the electroacoustic transducer device as a microphone and fig. 5 is a comparison of the improvement result of the electroacoustic transducer device as a receiver, and it can be seen from fig. 4 and 5 that the sensitivity is significantly improved at a frequency of 1 kHz. The actual measurement sensitivity of the improved microphone reaches-28 dBV/Pa (40mV/Pa) @1kHz, and the actual measurement sensitivity of the improved receiver reaches 127dB/mW @1 kHz.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an electron device is still provided, including foretell electroacoustic transducer.
The foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and that such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. An electroacoustic transducer device, comprising:
the device comprises an outer shell (1), wherein a through hole (2) is formed in one end face of the outer shell (1);
the vibrating diaphragm (3) is arranged inside the outer shell (1), the vibrating diaphragm (3) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the outer shell (1), the outer shell (1) is divided into a first cavity (4) and a second cavity (6), the through hole (2) is communicated with the first cavity (4), and the second cavity (6) is positioned on one side, far away from the through hole (2), of the vibrating diaphragm (3);
the magnet (7) is arranged in the second cavity (6);
the upper pole plate (14) and the lower pole plate (11) are oppositely arranged, and the upper pole plate (14) and the lower pole plate (11) are respectively fixedly connected with the magnet (7);
the moving iron sheet (13) is arranged between the upper polar plate (14) and the lower polar plate (11), and space spaces (12) are respectively arranged between the moving iron sheet (13) and the upper polar plate (14) as well as between the moving iron sheet and the lower polar plate (11); the moving iron sheet (13) is fixed on the lower pole plate (11) through a fixing column (9), and the moving iron sheet (13) can swing in the space (12);
the moving iron sheet (13) is positioned on two sides of the fixed column (9) and is of an asymmetric structure;
one end of the driving rod (5) is connected with the moving iron sheet (13), and the other end of the driving rod (5) is connected with the center of the vibrating diaphragm (3);
a first groove (17) is formed in a first side face, facing the driving rod (5), of the moving iron sheet (13), and the driving rod (5) is fixedly connected with the moving iron sheet (13) through the first groove (17);
and the coil (10) is wound on the moving iron sheet (13), and the end point of the coil (10) is connected to the outside of the outer shell (1) through a terminal (8).
2. The electroacoustic transducer device of claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the fixed column (9) and the first side is larger than the distance between the fixed column (9) and the second side;
the second side face is the side face, opposite to the first side face, of the moving iron sheet (13).
3. The electroacoustic transducer device of claim 1, wherein the moving iron plate (13) further comprises a third side and a fourth side opposite to each other, and the third side and the fourth side are connected to the twisting plate (16) through a twisting rod (15), respectively.
4. The electroacoustic transducer device of claim 3, wherein the axis of the torsion bar (15) and the torsion plate (16) is collinear with the axis of the stationary post (9).
5. The electroacoustic transducer device of claim 1, characterized in that the edge of the moving iron sheet (13) protrudes with respect to the edges of the upper pole plate (14) and the lower pole plate (11).
6. The electroacoustic transducer device of claim 1, wherein the first recess (17) is provided with a second recess (18) in a direction towards the fixed column (9), the actuating rod (5) being fixedly connected with the second recess (18);
wherein the first recess (17) communicates with the second recess (18).
7. The electroacoustic transducer device as claimed in claim 1, wherein both ends of the upper plate (14) and the lower plate (11) are respectively provided with a protrusion protruding toward the moving iron piece (13), and the protrusion and the moving iron piece (13) form the spacing space (12).
8. The electroacoustic transducer device of claim 1, wherein the coil (10) is arranged between the upper pole plate (14) and the lower pole plate (11), and a space is reserved between the coil (10) and the moving iron sheet (13).
9. The electroacoustic transducer device of claim 1, wherein a plurality of the through holes (2) are provided in the outer housing (1).
10. The electroacoustic transducer device of claim 1, wherein the magnet (7) is made of a hard magnetic material, and the upper plate (14), the lower plate (11) and the moving iron plate (13) are made of a soft magnetic material.
11. The electroacoustic transducer device of claim 1, wherein the second cavity (6) is formed as a sealed space.
12. An electronic device, characterized by comprising the electroacoustic transducer device of any one of claims 1 to 11.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021361975.4U CN212259328U (en) | 2020-07-13 | 2020-07-13 | Electroacoustic transducer and electronic device with same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021361975.4U CN212259328U (en) | 2020-07-13 | 2020-07-13 | Electroacoustic transducer and electronic device with same |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212259328U true CN212259328U (en) | 2020-12-29 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202021361975.4U Active CN212259328U (en) | 2020-07-13 | 2020-07-13 | Electroacoustic transducer and electronic device with same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN212259328U (en) |
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- 2020-07-13 CN CN202021361975.4U patent/CN212259328U/en active Active
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