CN111866675B - Speaker monomer, speaker module and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Speaker monomer, speaker module and electronic equipment Download PDF

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CN111866675B
CN111866675B CN201910365232.XA CN201910365232A CN111866675B CN 111866675 B CN111866675 B CN 111866675B CN 201910365232 A CN201910365232 A CN 201910365232A CN 111866675 B CN111866675 B CN 111866675B
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magnetic
vibration system
voice coil
area
vibration
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CN111866675A (en
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杨鑫峰
祖峰磊
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Goertek Inc
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Goertek Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H04R31/003—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor for diaphragms or their outer suspension
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a loudspeaker single body, a loudspeaker module and electronic equipment, which comprise a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system matched with the magnetic circuit system; an adjustment device is also disposed on the vibration system, the adjustment device configured to: the vibration system is always provided with acting force in the vibration process of the vibration system, and the direction of the acting force is opposite to the direction of restoring force of the vibration system. Through adjusting device, can effectively reduce the restoring force size of speaker in the motion process to reduce vibration system's resonant frequency. Through the optimized design, the rigidity coefficient of the single loudspeaker vibration system is not limited by the vibrating diaphragm and the back cavity, and the design of high vibrating diaphragm rigidity, small back cavity and ultralow f0 can be realized under the assistance of the acting force provided by the adjusting device.

Description

Speaker monomer, speaker module and electronic equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electroacoustic conversion, in particular to a loudspeaker monomer; the invention also relates to a loudspeaker module applying the loudspeaker monomer and electronic equipment applying the loudspeaker module.
Background
A conventional speaker design, as shown in fig. 1, includes a magnetic circuit 200, a vibration system 300 and a support system 100, the vibration system includes a diaphragm assembly and a voice coil 301 disposed on the diaphragm assembly, the voice coil 301 has a total length L, the magnetic circuit 200 provides a concentrated magnetic field strength B in a certain area, i.e., a magnetic gap, and a magnetic field direction is perpendicular to a central axis of the voice coil 301. The magnetic circuit system 200 forms an upper pole region 201 (i.e., a magnetic gap) for cooperating with the voice coil 301, and also forms a lower pole region 202 corresponding to the upper pole region 201. The lower magnetized area 202 is generally the position on the yoke corresponding to the upper magnetized area 201.
When an alternating current i is applied to the voice coil 301, the voice coil 301 is subjected to an ampere force BLi and is deviated from its equilibrium position, and the vibration system 300 generates an elastic restoring force due to the deviation from the equilibrium position. Referring to fig. 2, the magnitude of the restoring force is related to the material selection, structure and design of the acoustic load of the vibration system 300 and varies with the variation of the deviation position z, which is called stiffness coefficient Kms of the loudspeaker, whose reciprocal is Cms is 1/Kms. Participating in vibration in the vibration system 300The mass of the moving part and the equivalent acoustic mass due to the acoustic radiation reaction, we call the vibrating mass of the loudspeaker Mms. Kms and Mms determine the first order resonant frequency of the loudspeaker vibration system 300, which is defined as
Figure BDA0002047946350000011
As can be seen from the above equation, choosing a smaller Kms helps to pull down f s Thereby a higher low frequency loudness can be obtained. The stiffness coefficient of the speaker unit is determined by the Young's modulus of the diaphragm material, the material thickness and the structural design. The stiffness coefficient Kms of the speaker module is determined by the stiffness coefficient Ks of the speaker unit itself and the size Kb of the back cavity, where Kms is Ks + Kb.
Therefore, it is difficult to further reduce the stiffness coefficient Kms of the system under the dual constraints of material technology and speaker module volume. It is necessary to design and introduce a new physical mechanism to reduce the equivalent stiffness coefficient Ke of the system and improve the low-frequency loudness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a new technical scheme of a loudspeaker monomer.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a speaker unit, comprising a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system coupled with the magnetic circuit system;
an adjustment device is also disposed on the vibration system, the adjustment device configured to: and the acting force is always provided for the vibration system in the vibration process of the vibration system, and the direction of the acting force is opposite to the direction of the restoring force of the vibration system.
Optionally, the adjustment means provides an electrostatic force or a magnetic force exerted on the vibration system.
Optionally, the total force exerted on the vibration system by the adjustment device is 0 when the vibration system is in the equilibrium position.
Optionally, during the vibration of the vibration system, the force fmg (z) exerted on the vibration system by the adjusting device is proportional to the restoring force kms (z) z of the vibration system itself; where z is the displacement of the vibration system.
Optionally, the adjustment device is a magnetic component disposed on the vibration system; a first magnetic area and a second magnetic area for attracting the magnetic component are relatively fixed on two sides of the magnetic component in the vibration direction; the magnetic member is configured to move between the first magnetic region and the second magnetic region to be close to the first magnetic region or close to the second magnetic region with vibration of the vibration system.
Optionally, when the vibration system is in the equilibrium position, the magnetic member is attracted by the first magnetic region with an attraction force equal to the attraction force of the second magnetic region.
Optionally, the magnetic circuit system comprises a first magnetic convergence region as the first magnetic region, and a second magnetic convergence region corresponding to the first magnetic convergence region as the second magnetic region; the vibration system comprises a vibrating diaphragm component and a voice coil arranged on the vibrating diaphragm component, and the voice coil is matched with the first magnetic convergence region; the magnetic component is arranged on the voice coil and is positioned between the first magnetic convergence region and the second magnetic convergence region.
Optionally, when the vibration system is in the equilibrium position, the magnetic component is attracted by the first magnetic field with an equal attraction force to the second magnetic field.
Optionally, one of the magnetic parts is arranged and distributed at the bottom end of the voice coil or in the voice coil; alternatively, the magnetic part is provided with a plurality of magnetic parts which are distributed at the bottom end of the voice coil or/and the voice coil.
Optionally, the vibration system further comprises a first magnetic region and a second magnetic region arranged in the vibration direction of the vibration system; the adjusting device comprises a magnetic component arranged on the vibration system, and the magnetic component comprises a first magnetic component and a second magnetic component which are separated; the first magnetic part is positioned at the outer side of the first magnetic area and is attracted by the first magnetic area; the second magnetic part is positioned between the first magnetic area and the second magnetic area and is attracted by the first magnetic area and the second magnetic area simultaneously;
when the first magnetic component and the second magnetic component vibrate along with the vibration system, the first magnetic component is close to the first magnetic area, and the second magnetic component is far away from the first magnetic area and close to the second magnetic area; or, the first magnetic part is far away from the first magnetic area, and the second magnetic part is close to the first magnetic area and far away from the second magnetic area.
Optionally, the magnetic circuit system comprises a first magnetic convergence region as a first magnetic region, and a second magnetic convergence region corresponding to the first magnetic convergence region and serving as a second magnetic region; the vibration system comprises a vibrating diaphragm component and a voice coil arranged on the vibrating diaphragm component, and the voice coil is matched with the first magnetic convergence region;
the first magnetic component and the second magnetic component are arranged on the voice coil.
Optionally, when the vibration system is located at the equilibrium position, the total acting force of the first magnetic gathering area and the second magnetic gathering area on the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part is 0.
Optionally, the first magnetic part is disposed at the top end of or in the voice coil; the second magnetic part is disposed at a bottom end of or in the voice coil.
Optionally, the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part are respectively provided in plurality and distributed in the axial direction of the voice coil.
Optionally, the magnetic component is a mixture of magnetic conductive material particles and an adhesive; either soft magnetic materials or permanent magnetic materials are used.
Optionally, the magnetic member is in the shape of a closed ring and matches the shape of the voice coil.
Alternatively, the magnetic members located in the same plane are provided in plural numbers, distributed in the circumferential direction of the voice coil.
Optionally, the voice coil is rectangular; the number of the magnetic parts in the same plane is four, and the four magnetic parts are distributed at four corner positions of the voice coil or at the central positions of four side walls of the voice coil.
Optionally, the magnetic circuit system comprises a central magnet; alternatively, the magnetic circuit system includes a center magnet and a side magnet disposed outside the center magnet.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a speaker module including the speaker unit.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device, including the speaker unit described above; or include the speaker module described above.
According to one embodiment of the disclosure, the restoring force of the loudspeaker in the motion process can be effectively reduced through the adjusting device, so that the resonant frequency of the vibration system is reduced. Through the optimized design, the rigidity coefficient of the single loudspeaker vibration system is not limited by the vibrating diaphragm and the back cavity, and the design of high vibrating diaphragm rigidity, small back cavity and ultralow f0 can be realized under the assistance of the acting force provided by the adjusting device.
Other features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a speaker unit in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a force diagram of the speaker unit in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operating frequency band of the speaker unit in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of the speaker unit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the force applied when the vibration system of the speaker unit in fig. 4 vibrates upwards.
Fig. 6 is a force diagram of the speaker unit vibration system of fig. 4 when vibrating downward.
Fig. 7 to 9 are schematic structural diagrams of three different magnetic circuit systems of the single loudspeaker of the present invention.
Fig. 10a to 10c are schematic views of three different distribution patterns of the magnetic member of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the speaker unit of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a polar distribution diagram of the magnetic part of the present invention using a permanent magnet.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be discussed further in subsequent figures.
In operation of a conventional loudspeaker, referring to fig. 1, when an alternating current i is applied to the voice coil 301, the voice coil 301 experiences an ampere force BLi and is biased from its equilibrium position, and the vibration system 300 generates an elastic restoring force kms (z) z due to the biased equilibrium position. Where z is the displacement of the vibration system 300. During the vibration process of the loudspeaker, the following motion stress equation is adopted:
Figure BDA0002047946350000052
where bl (z) is the power conversion factor of the speaker, with an uneven distribution in the direction of motion z of the voice coil; rms is the damping of the vibration system and Mms is the vibrating mass of the loudspeaker.
The equation of motion determines that the motion of the loudspeaker vibration system has four operating frequency bands, see fig. 3. And a region A: elastic control zone, zone B: damping control zone, zone C: quality control zone and D zone: and dividing the vibration area.
In the areas A, B and C of the frequency domain, the loudspeakers do up-and-down piston vibration, and the micro-loudspeakers can be regarded as point source radiation (condition ka)<<1, when the frequency is 100Hz, a<0.54 m; a at a frequency of 1000Hz<5.4cm, a is the equivalent radius of the loudspeaker). At the distance r, the sound pressure formula of the loudspeaker satisfies:
Figure BDA0002047946350000051
where ρ is 0 Is the air density, f is the vibration frequency, S D Is the effective area of radiation, v c Is the voice coil vibration speed and r is the distance.
Figure BDA0002047946350000061
Is the vibration velocity of the voice coil. e.g. of the type g Is the input voltage, ω -2 π f is the angular frequency, R E Is the direct current resistance of the loudspeaker.
In region a, i.e. the low band: the mass term and the damping term in the root number are far less than
Figure BDA0002047946350000062
Therefore, it is not only easy to use
Figure BDA0002047946350000063
In the C region, i.e., the intermediate frequency region: the damping term and the compliance term in the root number are far smaller than the mass term omega M MS Therefore, it is
Figure BDA0002047946350000064
In zone A, i.e. the elastic control zone, wherein e g 、R E 、ρ 0 ，2π 2 r and ω 2 Is constant under a certain evaluation mechanism, and S is constant under the given physical space limit D Also limited, BL has limited boost margin under certain physical space and manufacturing level limitations, and therefore, K in the speaker can be adjusted MS To achieve the desired effect.
Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a speaker cell of the present invention. Referring to fig. 4, it comprises a support system 1, a magnetic circuit system 2 and a vibration system 3 cooperating with the magnetic circuit system 2.
Specifically, the vibration system 3 may include a diaphragm assembly and a voice coil 31 disposed on the diaphragm assembly. The magnetic circuit system 2 forms a first magnetized area 21 and a second magnetized area 22 corresponding to the first magnetized area 21. The second magnetized area 22 is generally a position on the yoke corresponding to the first magnetized area 21. Such structures are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
The speaker unit of the present invention further includes an adjusting device disposed on the vibration system 3, and the adjusting device may be configured to: the vibration system is always provided with acting force in the vibration process of the vibration system, and the direction of the acting force is opposite to the direction of restoring force of the vibration system.
The adjusting means are arranged on the vibration system, it being understood that the adjusting means are part of the vibration system. The adjustment device may exert a force on the vibration system by itself or in cooperation with an external system. During the vibration of the vibration system 3, the direction of the force is always opposite to the direction of the restoring force of the vibration system 3 itself.
Referring to fig. 5, when the vibration system 3 vibrates upward, the ampere force BLi generated by energizing the voice coil 31 drives the vibration system 3 to vibrate upward, the direction of the ampere force BLi being upward. In this state, the elastic restoring force kms (z) z of the vibration system 3 itself is directed downward. The adjustment means is now arranged to provide an upward force Fmg to the vibration system 3.
Referring to fig. 6, when the vibration system 3 vibrates downward, the ampere force BLi generated by energizing the voice coil 31 drives the vibration system to vibrate downward, and the direction of the ampere force BLi is downward. In this state, the elastic restoring force kms (z) z of the vibration system 3 itself is directed upward. The adjustment device is now configured to provide a downward force Fmg to the vibration system 3.
Alternatively, the adjusting device is provided, for example, by an electrostatic force or a magnetic force applied to the vibration system. For example, the adjustment device can form an electrostatic force with the outside and finally apply the electrostatic force to the vibration system. Also for example, the adjusting means may form a magnetic force with the outside and finally apply the magnetic force to the vibration system.
Optionally, the total force exerted on the vibration system by the adjustment device is 0 when the vibration system is in the equilibrium position. That is, when the vibration system is in the equilibrium position, the adjustment device applies no force to the vibration system, or applies a total force of 0, to avoid the influence of the adjustment device on the equilibrium position of the vibration system.
Optionally, the force exerted by the adjustment device on the vibration system is not fixed. During the vibration of the vibration system 3, the force fmg (z) exerted by the adjustment device on the vibration system 3 is proportional to the restoring force kms (z) z of the vibration system; where z is the displacement of the vibration system. That is, the adjustment device is configured such that the force fmg (z) exerted by the adjustment device on the vibration system 3 is greater when the vibration system is displaced from its equilibrium position by a greater distance. The force fmg (z) exerted by the adjusting means on the vibration system 3 is smaller as the distance of the vibration system from its equilibrium position is smaller.
At the moment, the stress analysis and the motion equation of the system are as follows:
Figure BDA0002047946350000071
by optimizing the design, the force Fmg (z) of the adjusting device is always in phase with the displacement z of the vibration system in the effective vibration range of the loudspeaker, namely in phase opposition to the restoring force Kms (z) z provided by the rigidity of the vibration system, so that the aim of effectively reducing the equivalent stiffness coefficient Ke (z) of the system can be achieved:
Figure BDA0002047946350000072
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002047946350000073
the equation of motion at this time becomes as follows:
Figure BDA0002047946350000074
resonant frequency of vibration system becomes
Figure BDA0002047946350000081
Therefore, the restoring force of the loudspeaker in the motion process can be effectively reduced through the adjusting device, and the resonant frequency of the vibration system is reduced. Through the optimized design, the rigidity coefficient of the single loudspeaker vibration system is not limited by the diaphragm and the back cavity, and the design of high diaphragm rigidity, small back cavity and ultralow f0 can be realized under the assistance of the acting force provided by the adjusting device.
The technical solution of the present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the adjustment device provides an auxiliary force to the vibration system by means of an electrostatic attraction force. For example, a first conductive layer may be provided on the vibration system 3, and a second conductive layer and a third conductive layer may be provided on the support system 1 or the magnetic circuit system. The first conductive layer may be located between the second conductive layer and the third conductive layer. And applying predetermined voltages between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer and between the first conductive layer and the third conductive layer to form electrostatic force between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer and between the first conductive layer and the third conductive layer. The purpose of controlling the magnitude of the electrostatic force can be achieved by controlling the voltage between the two conductive layers.
The first conductive layer may be arranged at any suitable location on the vibration system 3, for example on the diaphragm 33. When the dome structure 34 is provided, the first conductive layer may also be provided on the dome structure 34, and will not be described in detail herein.
In another embodiment of the invention, the adjustment means provides a magnetic force applied to the vibration system. The magnetic force can be electromagnetic force or magnetic force provided by a permanent magnet.
Referring to fig. 4, the adjustment means is a magnetic member 32 provided on the voice coil 31. A first magnetic region and a second magnetic region for attracting the magnetic member 32 are also fixed to both sides of the magnetic member 32 in the vibration direction. The first magnetic region, the second magnetic region may be provided by magnets fixed to the support system 1. The first magnetic region and the second magnetic region are respectively located on both sides of the magnetic member 32, so that the magnetic member 32 can be close to the first magnetic region or close to the second magnetic region when the magnetic member 32 vibrates with the vibration system 3.
When the magnetic member 32 is close to the first magnetic region, it is far from the second magnetic region. Therefore, the attractive force between the magnetic member 32 and the first magnetic region becomes larger, and the attractive force between the magnetic member and the second magnetic region becomes smaller. The total attractive force experienced by the magnetic member 32 can be used as the force applied to the vibration system.
Based on the same principle, when the magnetic member 32 is close to the second magnetic region, it is far from the first magnetic region. Therefore, the attractive force between the magnetic member 32 and the first magnetic region becomes small, and the attractive force between the magnetic member and the second magnetic region becomes large. The total attractive force experienced by the magnetic member 32 can be used as the force applied to the vibration system.
Alternatively, when the vibrating system 3 is in the equilibrium position, the magnetic part 32 is subjected to an attraction force equal to that of the first magnetic zone and to that of the second magnetic zone. In order to avoid that the attractive forces experienced by the magnetic part 32 influence the equilibrium position of the vibration system 3.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the first magnetic area and the second magnetic area are provided by a magnetic circuit system 2 of the loudspeaker.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the first magnetized area 21 of the magnetic circuit system 2 may be used as the first magnetic area, and the second magnetized area 22 may be used as the second magnetic area. This can avoid providing an additional magnetic region on the speaker unit.
The magnetic member 32 may be a mixture of particles of a magnetically conductive material and an adhesive, which is bonded to the lower end of the voice coil 31. Of course, the magnetic element 32 may be made of any soft magnetic material, such as pure iron, nickel, alloys, etc.; permanent magnetic materials with magnetism, such as ferrite, noble metal alloy and the like, can also be adopted.
It should be noted that when the magnetic member 32 is a permanent magnet, it is necessary to ensure that the magnetic member 32 does not generate a repulsive force between the first magnetic convergence region 21 and the second magnetic convergence region 22. Referring to fig. 12, the magnetic member 32 may be arranged in a horizontal direction according to a magnetic circuit of the magnetic circuit system, for example, such that the left side of the magnetic member 32 is an N pole and the right side is an S pole.
The magnetic member 32 is disposed on the voice coil 31 at a position between the first magnetic convergence region 21 and the second magnetic convergence region 22, so that the magnetic member 32 can reciprocally vibrate between the first magnetic convergence region 21 and the second magnetic convergence region 22 in a vibration range in which the vibration system 3 is effective.
The magnetic member 32 is simultaneously attracted by the first magnetic gathering area 21 and the second magnetic gathering area 22, and the two attraction forces are opposite in direction. When the magnetic member 32 approaches one of the magnetic convergence regions, the attraction force between the magnetic convergence region and the other magnetic convergence region becomes larger, and the attraction force between the magnetic convergence region and the other magnetic convergence region becomes smaller. The total attractive force to which the magnetic member 32 is subjected is the force exerted by the adjustment means on the vibration system.
The magnetic member 32 may be located at the middle position between the first and second magnetized regions 21 and 22, or may be located at a position offset from the centers of the two magnetized regions. It is ensured that when the vibration system 3 is in the equilibrium position, the magnetic part 32 is attracted by the first magnetized area 21 with an equal attraction to the second magnetized area 22. With this design, the size of the magnetic member 32 can be optimized to ensure that the magnetic member 32 can be mounted on the bottom end of the voice coil 31. Of course, the magnetic member 32 may be provided in the voice coil, if necessary, to ensure that the total attraction force of the two magnetic regions to which the magnetic member 32 is subjected when in the equilibrium position is 0.
Referring to fig. 5, when the vibration system 3 is vibrated upward by the ampere force BLi, the elastic restoring force kms (z) of the vibration system 3 is downward in the z direction. At this time, the magnetic part 32 of the lower end of the voice coil 31 is close to the first magnetized area 21 and is far from the second magnetized area 22. The magnetic member 32 is attracted by the first magnetized area 21 more than the second magnetized area 22. The total force of attraction Fmg to which the magnetic part 32 is subjected is therefore mainly influenced by the first magnetized zone 21, which is directed upwards, contrary to the elastic restoring force kms (z) z of the vibration system 3. And the closer the magnetic part 32 is to the first magnetized area, the more the total attractive force Fmg it is affected by the first magnetized area 21.
Referring to fig. 6, when the vibration system 3 is vibrated downward by the ampere force BLi, the elastic restoring force kms (z) of the vibration system 3 is upward in the z direction. At this time, the magnetic member 32 at the lower end of the voice coil 31 is close to the second magnetic convergence region 22 and is far from the first magnetic convergence region 21. The magnetic member 32 is attracted by the second magnetized area 22 more strongly than the first magnetized area 21. The total attractive force Fmg experienced by the magnetic part 32 is therefore mainly influenced by the second magnetized zone 22, which is directed downwards, opposite to the elastic restoring force kms (z) z of the vibrating system 3. And the closer the magnetic member 32 is to the second magnetized area 22, the greater the total attractive force Fmg it is affected by the second magnetized area 22.
The magnetic member 32 may be provided with one, distributed at the bottom end of the voice coil 31 or in the voice coil 31. Alternatively, for a preferable design, the magnetic member 32 may be provided in plural numbers, distributed at the bottom end of the voice coil 31 or/and in the voice coil.
In the above embodiment, although the plurality of magnetic members 32 are provided, the plurality of magnetic members 32 are still located between the first magnetized region 21 and the second magnetized region 22.
In another embodiment of the present invention, in order to further increase the freedom of design to achieve Fmg and the mechanical restoring force kms (z) z of the vibration system closer to each other, thereby reducing the equivalent stiffness coefficient Ke, more than two sets of magnetic components may be designed in the axial direction of the coil, and through the partition design, the resultant design of each component may be further optimized, thereby greatly reducing the equivalent stiffness coefficient Ke.
Specifically, referring to fig. 11, the magnetic members are provided with two sets, respectively denoted as a first magnetic member 321 and a second magnetic member 320, which are separated. Wherein the first magnetic member 321 is located outside (upper side) the first magnetism collecting region 21 and is substantially attracted only by the first magnetism collecting region 21. The second magnetic member 320 is located between the first magnetism gathering region 21 and the second magnetism gathering region 22, and is simultaneously attracted by the first magnetism gathering region 21 and the second magnetism gathering region 22.
When the first magnetic part 321 and the second magnetic part 320 vibrate along with the vibration system, the first magnetic part 321 is close to the first magnetism gathering area 21, and the second magnetic part 320 is far away from the first magnetism gathering area 21 and close to the second magnetism gathering area 22; alternatively, the first magnetic member 321 is far from the first magnetism gathering region 21, and the second magnetic member 320 is near the first magnetism gathering region 21 and far from the second magnetism gathering region 22.
The positional relationship is such that the direction of the attraction force of the first magnetic member 321 to the first magnetic convergence region 21 is opposite to the direction of the attraction force of the first magnetic convergence region 21 to the second magnetic member 320, and is the same as the direction of the attraction force of the second magnetic convergence region 22 to the second magnetic member 320.
Therefore, in order to avoid the two magnetic members from affecting the equilibrium position of the vibration system, it is necessary to ensure that the total attractive force of the first magnetic gathering area 21 and the second magnetic gathering area 22 on the first magnetic member 321 and the second magnetic member 320 is 0 at the equilibrium position of the vibration system. That is, the attraction force of the first magnetic member 321 to the first magnetic gathering region 21 plus the attraction force of the second magnetic member 320 to the second magnetic gathering region 22 is equal to the attraction force of the second magnetic member 320 to the first magnetic gathering region 21.
When the vibration system 3 is moved upwards by the ampere force BLi, the elastic restoring force Fmg of the vibration system 3 is directed downwards. Since the first magnetic member 321 is far away from the first magnetic convergence region 21 and the second magnetic member 320 is far away from the second magnetic convergence region 22, the total attractive force of the two magnetic members is greatly influenced by the second magnetic member 320 and the first magnetic convergence region 21. And vice versa and will not be described in detail herein.
For the same reason as in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the first magnetic member 321 may be provided at the tip of the voice coil 31 or in the voice coil; the second magnetic member 320 may be provided at the bottom end of the voice coil 31 or in the voice coil, and will not be described in detail herein.
In addition, the first magnetic member 321 and the second magnetic member 320 may be respectively provided in plural numbers, and distributed in the axial direction of the voice coil, so as to ensure that the first magnetic member 321 is influenced by the first magnetic convergence region 21, and the second magnetic member 320 is influenced by two magnetic convergence regions at the same time. In addition, when the vibration system needs to be balanced, the magnetic force applied to the magnetic member needs to reach a balanced state (the total attractive force applied is 0).
It is to be noted herein that the equilibrium state described herein refers not only to absolute equilibrium but also to relative equilibrium. For example, the mass of the vibration system increases due to the provision of the magnetic component structure, which may require consideration of the relative balance of the vibration system.
Of course, as described above, the first magnetic region and the second magnetic region for cooperating with the first magnetic member 321 and the second magnetic member 320 in this embodiment do not necessarily need to be the first magnetic convergence region and the second magnetic convergence region. Additional magnetic zones may be provided on the support system 1 and will not be described in detail here.
Fig. 10a to 10c show three types of magnetic elements in the same plane.
For example, in the embodiment illustrated in fig. 10a, a plurality of magnetic members 32 located in the same plane are provided and distributed in the circumferential direction of the voice coil 31. When the voice coil 31 is rectangular, the magnetic members 32 may be four in number, and are distributed at four corners of the voice coil 31.
For example, in the embodiment illustrated in fig. 10b, a plurality of magnetic members 32 located in the same plane are provided, distributed in the circumferential direction of the voice coil 31. When the voice coil 31 is rectangular, four magnetic members 32 may be disposed and distributed at the center of four side walls of the voice coil 31.
For example, in the embodiment illustrated in fig. 10c, the magnetic member 32 has a closed ring shape and matches the shape of the voice coil 31, and may be mounted on the top end, the bottom end, or the voice coil 31 of the voice coil 31, for example.
It should be noted here that the embodiments illustrated in fig. 10a to 10c are applicable not only to the embodiment illustrated in fig. 4, but also to the embodiment illustrated in fig. 11, and will not be described in detail here.
The speaker unit and the diaphragm assembly of the present invention may be made of materials and structures known to those skilled in the art. For example, the diaphragm assembly may be a planar diaphragm 33, or a diaphragm 33 having a corrugated structure. The diaphragm assembly may also include a dome structure 34, which is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
The single loudspeaker body, the magnetic circuit system 2 of the present invention may adopt a single magnetic circuit structure, a double magnetic circuit structure or a multiple magnetic circuit structure, etc. which are well known to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 7 shows a magnetic circuit system of a single magnetic circuit structure (i.e. including only one magnet) according to the present invention. Referring to fig. 7, the magnetic circuit system includes a yoke 23 having a side wall portion 26, and a center magnet 24 disposed at a center position of the yoke 23. A center washer 25 is provided above the center magnet 24, and a side washer 27 is provided on the side wall 26. A first magnetic convergence zone 21, i.e. a magnetic gap, is formed between the edge washer 27 and the central washer 25. The position of the yoke 23 corresponding to the first magnetized area 21 is a second magnetized area 22. Here, the side wall portion 26 may be integrated with the yoke 23 or may be assembled.
Fig. 8 shows a magnetic circuit system of the present invention comprising a plurality of magnets. Referring to fig. 8, the magnetic circuit system includes a yoke 230 having a plate shape, a center magnet 240 disposed at a middle portion of the yoke 230, and a center washer 250 disposed above the center magnet 240. And a rim magnet 260 disposed on the yoke 230 and surrounding the center magnet 240, wherein a rim washer 270 is disposed on the rim magnet 260. A first magnetic convergence zone 210, i.e. a magnetic gap, is formed between the edge washer 270 and the center washer 250. The position of the yoke 230 corresponding to the first magnetized area 210 is the second magnetized area 220.
Fig. 9 shows a magnetic circuit system of a halbach structure, in which a magnetic field is gathered in a magnetic gap by permanent magnets whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other, which is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
In an embodiment of the invention, a speaker module is also provided, which includes the speaker unit.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is further provided, which includes the speaker unit or includes the speaker module. That is, in the electronic apparatus, the speaker may be assembled in a housing of the electronic apparatus in a modular manner, or may be assembled in a housing of the electronic apparatus in a single body. The electronic device may be a mobile phone, MP3, MP4, a tablet computer, a headset, a wearable device, etc., which are not listed herein.
Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (16)

1. A speaker cell, comprising: the vibration magnetic circuit comprises a magnetic circuit system, a vibration system matched with the magnetic circuit system, and a first magnetic area and a second magnetic area which are arranged in the vibration direction of the vibration system;
an adjustment device is also disposed on the vibration system, the adjustment device configured to: providing acting force for the vibration system all the time in the vibration process of the vibration system, wherein the direction of the acting force is opposite to the direction of the restoring force of the vibration system;
the adjusting device comprises a magnetic component arranged on the vibration system, and the magnetic component comprises a first magnetic component and a second magnetic component which are separated; the first magnetic part is positioned at the outer side of the first magnetic area and is attracted by the first magnetic area; the second magnetic part is positioned between the first magnetic area and the second magnetic area and is attracted by the first magnetic area and the second magnetic area simultaneously;
when the first magnetic component and the second magnetic component vibrate along with the vibration system, the first magnetic component is close to the first magnetic area, and the second magnetic component is far away from the first magnetic area and close to the second magnetic area; or, the first magnetic part is far away from the first magnetic area, and the second magnetic part is close to the first magnetic area and far away from the second magnetic area.
2. The speaker cell of claim 1, wherein: when the vibration system is in the equilibrium position, the total force exerted on the vibration system by the adjusting device is 0.
3. A loudspeaker unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: during the vibration of the vibration system, the adjusting device is applied toForces on vibrating systems
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Proportional to the restoring force of the vibrating system itself
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
(ii) a Where z is the displacement of the vibration system.
4. The speaker cell of claim 1, wherein: when the vibration system is in the equilibrium position, the magnetic component is attracted by the first magnetic area with equal attraction to the second magnetic area.
5. A loudspeaker unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the magnetic part is provided with a plurality of magnetic parts which are distributed at the bottom end of the voice coil or/and the voice coil.
6. A loudspeaker unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the magnetic circuit system comprises a first magnetic convergence region serving as a first magnetic region and a second magnetic convergence region corresponding to the first magnetic convergence region and serving as a second magnetic region; the vibration system comprises a vibrating diaphragm component and a voice coil arranged on the vibrating diaphragm component, and the voice coil is matched with the first magnetic convergence region;
the first magnetic component and the second magnetic component are arranged on the voice coil.
7. The speaker cell of claim 6, wherein: when the vibration system is located at the balance position, the total acting force of the first magnetic gathering area and the second magnetic gathering area on the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part is 0.
8. The speaker cell of claim 1, wherein: the first magnetic part is arranged at the top end of the voice coil or in the voice coil; the second magnetic part is disposed at a bottom end of or in the voice coil.
9. A loudspeaker unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part are respectively provided with a plurality of magnets and distributed in the axial direction of the voice coil.
10. A loudspeaker unit as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein: the magnetic component adopts a mixture of magnetic conductive material particles and an adhesive; either soft magnetic materials or permanent magnetic materials are used.
11. A loudspeaker unit according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein: the magnetic component is in a closed ring shape and is matched with the shape of the voice coil.
12. A loudspeaker unit according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein: the magnetic members located in the same plane are provided in plurality, distributed in the circumferential direction of the voice coil.
13. The speaker cell of claim 12, wherein: the voice coil is rectangular; the number of the magnetic parts in the same plane is four, and the four magnetic parts are distributed at four corner positions of the voice coil or at the central positions of four side walls of the voice coil.
14. The speaker cell of claim 1, wherein: the magnetic circuit system comprises a central magnet; alternatively, the magnetic circuit system includes a center magnet and a side magnet disposed outside the center magnet.
15. A speaker module, its characterized in that: comprising a loudspeaker unit according to any one of claims 1 to 14.
16. An electronic device, characterized in that: comprising a loudspeaker unit according to any one of claims 1 to 14; or comprising a loudspeaker module according to claim 15.
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