CN212205609U - Small-sized vacuum arc furnace for preparing refractory high-entropy alloy - Google Patents
Small-sized vacuum arc furnace for preparing refractory high-entropy alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN212205609U CN212205609U CN202020848714.9U CN202020848714U CN212205609U CN 212205609 U CN212205609 U CN 212205609U CN 202020848714 U CN202020848714 U CN 202020848714U CN 212205609 U CN212205609 U CN 212205609U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a small vacuum arc furnace for preparing refractory high-entropy alloy, which comprises a furnace body, a red copper crucible disc, a water cooling disc, an electrode rod, an electrode, a water cooling system, a vacuum system, a direct current power supply system and a sealing structure, wherein the crucible disc is provided with a plurality of crucibles distributed in circle layers, and the inner surfaces of the crucibles are smooth; the water-cooling plate is fixed at the lower end of the crucible plate, the side wall of the furnace body is of a double-layer water-cooling structure, the electrode rod comprises a conductive tube and a stainless steel sleeve, the stainless steel sleeve is sleeved outside the conductive tube and forms a water jacket structure with the outer wall of the conductive tube, the high-temperature problem is solved through a high-performance water-cooling system, and the stainless steel sleeve is installed at the upper end of the furnace body through a movable sealing piece, so that the electrode operation problem under a vacuum system is solved. The small vacuum arc furnace of the refractory high-entropy alloy improves the performance by modifying and optimizing various structures, so that the furnace can be used for smelting the refractory high-entropy alloy, particularly preparing refractory high-entropy alloy ingots with various different components, and reducing the gas content of the alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electric arc furnace, specific theory has related to a small-size vacuum electric arc furnace of preparation infusible high entropy alloy.
Background
The high-entropy alloy is a chemically disordered alloy discovered in recent years, and is different from a metal material design concept based on a traditional solid solution, and the high-entropy alloy is an alloy consisting of five or more main elements according to equimolar or nearly equimolar. Because the high-entropy alloy is different from the traditional unique design concept, the high-entropy alloy also shows specificity different from the traditional alloy in performance, such as high strength, high hardness, good corrosivity, wear resistance, high-temperature thermal stability and the like.
In 2010, Senkov professor and the like in the American air force research laboratory utilize a high-entropy concept to mix a plurality of high-melting-point elements such as Hf, Nb, Ta, Mo, W and other early transition group metal elements in an equimolar ratio to prepare a series of refractory high-entropy alloys for the first time, and the alloys have high strength, excellent corrosion resistance, wear resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance. The most of the crystal structures of the reported refractory high-entropy alloy systems are single-phase solid solutions with body-centered cubic (BCC) structures or BCC solid solutions, and the alloy has higher phase stability and excellent high-temperature performance under high-temperature conditions, is one of high-temperature structural materials with great potential, and is expected to be applied as light high-temperature alloys in the fields of aerospace and the like.
The refractory high-entropy alloy has high melting point and difficult preparation, and is difficult to smelt by common smelting equipment. The method solves the problem of smelting in small-capacity equipment aiming at the high melting point characteristic of the refractory high-entropy alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at the not enough of prior art to a preparation refractory high entropy alloy's small-size vacuum arc furnace is guaranteed well to the leakproofness to provide one kind, the cooling measure is various high-efficient, crucible performance is excellent, ingot casting quality is high.
In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts is: the utility model provides a small-size vacuum arc furnace of preparation infusibility high entropy alloy, includes the furnace body and locates the crucible dish in the furnace body, set up a plurality of crucible on the crucible dish, a plurality of crucibles are arranged according to the mode that the circle layer distributes, the material of crucible dish is red copper, the crucible has glossy internal surface.
Basically, the lower extreme of crucible dish is fixed with the water-cooling dish, the water-cooling dish includes water storage hole, outlet pipe and inlet tube, and the import of outlet pipe forms the boss in the water storage hole, and the export of inlet tube is less than the import of outlet pipe, and outlet pipe and inlet tube all eccentric settings.
Basically, the furnace body lateral wall is the bilayer formula structure, and the intermediate layer is the water-cooling chamber, the water-cooling system is connected in the water-cooling chamber.
Basically, be equipped with the evacuation pipeline on the furnace body, evacuation pipeline connects the evacuation pump.
Basically, the pipeline of installation electrode pole and the pipeline of installation sight glass are set up to the furnace body upper end, and the lateral part of furnace body sets up the slope pipeline and the furnace gate of installation material spoon mechanism, and each pipeline department all sets up seal structure, the furnace gate sets up the bilayer formula structure in water-cooling chamber for the intermediate layer, and water cooling system is connected to the water-cooling chamber in the furnace gate.
Basically, the electrode rod comprises a conductive pipe and a stainless steel sleeve, the stainless steel sleeve is sleeved outside the conductive pipe and forms a water jacket structure with the outer wall of the conductive pipe, the stainless steel sleeve is installed at the upper end of the furnace body through a movable sealing piece, and the water jacket structure is connected to a water cooling system through a pipeline.
Basically, the lower extreme of water-cooling dish is connected to the furnace body bottom through the stay tube, inlet tube and outlet pipe wear to locate in the stay tube.
Basically, the inner end of the sealant on the electrode rod is provided with a heat radiation sealing baffle.
Basically, still include direct current power supply system, direct current power supply system supplies power for the electrode pole.
Basically, the welding seam material of the double-layer structure of the furnace body is the same as the furnace body material.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has substantive characteristics and progress, in particular to the characteristics of high melting point of refractory high-entropy alloy, firstly, the furnace body is designed into a vacuum furnace, then the crucible plate is selected to have the material with smaller activity, fast heat dissipation, good heat conductivity, smooth surface and the requirement of mechanical property, and the material with thinner thickness is used to ensure the stability of the smelting process and prolong the service life of the crucible; furthermore, a series of water-cooling modes are designed, such as a double-layer structure of a furnace body, a double-layer structure of a furnace door, a water jacket structure in an electrode rod and a cooling structure of a water-cooling disc, so that the cooling of each link is ensured, the equipment is prevented from being damaged, and the stability of the smelting process is ensured; finally, a series of sealing measures are adopted to ensure that the vacuum degree is not lost and the movement of the electrode is ensured, and the crucible has the advantages of good sealing property, capability of ensuring the vacuum degree, various and efficient cooling measures, excellent crucible performance and high ingot casting quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a small vacuum arc furnace for preparing refractory high-entropy alloy.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a small vacuum arc furnace for preparing refractory high-entropy alloy.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the electrode rod of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the water cooling plate of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the middle furnace body and the furnace door of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a furnace body; 1-1. a water cooling cavity; 2. a crucible tray; 2-1. crucible; 3. a water-cooled disc; 3-1, a water storage pit; 3-2, discharging a water pipe; 3-3, water inlet pipe; 4. an electrode rod; 4-1, a conductive tube; 4-2. stainless steel sleeve; 4-3. a dynamic sealing element; 5. an electrode; 6. supporting a tube; 7. an observation mirror; 8. turning over the material spoon; 9. a furnace door; 9-1. water cooling cavity.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail through the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-5, a small vacuum arc furnace for preparing refractory high-entropy alloy comprises a furnace body 1, a crucible tray 2 arranged in the furnace body, a water cooling tray 3, an electrode rod 4, an electrode 5, a supporting tube 6, an observation mirror 7, a stirring spoon 8, a vacuum system, a water cooling system and a power supply system.
In the embodiment, 5 crucibles 2-1 are arranged on the crucible tray 2, the 5 crucibles 2-1 are arranged in a ring layer distribution mode, namely the middle crucible tray is 1, the outer crucible tray is 4, 5 refractory high-entropy alloys with different components can be smelted at one time, the crucible tray 2 is made of red copper, the red copper belongs to metal with small activity, the smelted metal can be prevented from being polluted, meanwhile, the red copper has good heat conductivity, the requirement of rapid heat dissipation of liquid metal can be met, and the safety of the smelting process is ensured; in order to ensure the smoothness of the surface quality of the molten metal ingot, it is necessary that the crucible has a smooth inner surface; in order to prolong the service life of the crucible, the thickness of the crucible is thinned as much as possible under the condition of meeting the requirement of mechanical strength.
The water cooling plate 3 is fixed at the lower end of the crucible disc 2 and is connected together through a bolt, the lower end of the water cooling plate is connected to the bottom of the furnace body 1 through a supporting pipe 6, the overall diameter of the water cooling plate 3 is equal to that of the crucible disc 2, the water cooling plate 3 comprises a water storage pit 3-1, a water outlet pipe 3-2 and a water inlet pipe 3-3, a boss is formed in the water storage pit 3-1 by the inlet of the water outlet pipe 3-2, the outlet of the water inlet pipe 3-3 is lower than the inlet of the water outlet pipe 3-2, the water outlet pipe 3-2 and the water inlet pipe 3-3 are eccentrically arranged, and the water inlet pipe 3-3 and the water outlet pipe 3.
The side wall of the furnace body 1 is of a double-layer structure, the interlayer is a water-cooling cavity 1-1, and the water-cooling cavity is connected with a water-cooling system; the furnace door 9 of the furnace body is also designed into a double-layer structure with a water-cooling cavity 9-1, the water-cooling cavity in the furnace door is connected with a water-cooling system, and a threaded hole for mounting a door handle is reserved on the furnace door 9, so that the door handle is conveniently mounted during assembly, and the furnace door can be conveniently opened. The welding seam material of the double-layer structure of the furnace body 1 is the same as the furnace body material, so that the stability of the structure is ensured.
The electrode rod 4 comprises a conductive tube 4-1 and a stainless steel sleeve 4-2, the stainless steel sleeve 4-2 is sleeved outside the conductive tube 4-1 and forms a water jacket structure with the outer wall of the conductive tube 4-1, the stainless steel sleeve 4-2 is installed at the upper end of the furnace body 1 through a movable sealing element 4-3, and the water jacket structure is connected to a water cooling system through a pipeline.
The stainless steel sleeve 4-2 is matched with the movable sealing element 4-3 to drive the electrode to move up and down when the finish degree of the stainless steel sleeve is high, and simultaneously, the inside of the furnace body is sealed and vacuumized; the water jacket structure apparently serves to cool the electrode rod 4, since the cathode current through the conductive tube is large, and good cooling of the electrode rod is required.
The electrodes are powered by a direct current power supply, can provide large current under low voltage, has small overload current value during short circuit, can bear short-time overload without losing the working characteristics, and usually adopts a silicon rectifier power supply with a saturable reactor.
The upper end of the furnace body 1 is provided with a pipeline for installing the electrode rod 4 and a pipeline for installing the observation mirror 7, the side part of the furnace body 1 is provided with an inclined pipeline for installing the material turning spoon 8 mechanism, each pipeline is provided with a sealing structure, the furnace body 1 is provided with a vacuumizing pipeline, the vacuumizing pipeline is connected with a vacuumizing pump, the vacuumizing system needs to have a high enough air-extracting speed, and the furnace body is required to be vacuumized to the required vacuum degree by atmospheric pressure within 30-45 min. Because the furnace is small, the requirement on the vacuum degree is not high and is only 3 multiplied by 10 < -3 > Pa, the vacuum system can ensure the requirements on the vacuum degree and the pumping speed by selecting a K-600 diffusion pump, a JJY < -300 > min rotary vane pump and a 2X < -70 > mechanical pump.
Vacuum arc furnace is smelting refractory high entropy alloy in-process, has very strong heat radiation, radiates furnace body inner chamber top, and the temperature can reach to be close to 3000 ℃ sometimes, can lead to the ageing of sealed glue of electrode bar department under such high temperature, consequently, sealed glue inner on the electrode bar sets up the sealed baffle of heat radiation, prevents the sealed ageing problem of gluing that heat radiation leads to.
Through the improvement or the improvement of the parts, the smelting furnace is more suitable for smelting the refractory high-entropy alloy, and can be used for smelting various cast ingots with different components at one time, the components of the cast ingots are uniform, the gas content is controlled at a lower level, and the current situation that the refractory high-entropy alloy is difficult to smelt is solved.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the invention can be modified or equivalent substituted for some technical features; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it should be understood that the scope of the claims is intended to cover all such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a small-size vacuum arc furnace of preparation infusibility high entropy alloy, includes the furnace body and locates the crucible tray in the furnace body, its characterized in that: the crucible tray is provided with a plurality of crucibles, the crucibles are arranged in a ring layer distribution mode, the crucible tray is made of red copper, and the crucibles are provided with smooth inner surfaces.
2. The small-sized vacuum arc furnace for producing refractory high-entropy alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower extreme of crucible dish is fixed with the water-cooling dish, the water-cooling dish includes water storage hole, outlet pipe and inlet tube, and the import of outlet pipe forms the boss in the water storage hole, and the export of inlet tube is less than the import of outlet pipe, and outlet pipe and inlet tube all eccentric settings.
3. A small-sized vacuum electric-arc furnace for producing refractory high-entropy alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that: the side wall of the furnace body is of a double-layer structure, the interlayer is a water-cooling cavity, and the water-cooling cavity is connected with a water-cooling system.
4. A small-sized vacuum electric-arc furnace for producing refractory high-entropy alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that: the furnace body is provided with a vacuum-pumping pipeline which is connected with a vacuum-pumping pump.
5. The small-sized vacuum arc furnace for producing refractory high-entropy alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: the utility model discloses a material turning ladle furnace, including furnace body, furnace door, water-cooling system, furnace body, material turning ladle mechanism, seal structure, furnace door, water-cooling system, the furnace body upper end sets up the pipeline of installation electrode rod and the pipeline of installation sight glass, and the lateral part of furnace body sets up the slope pipeline and the furnace gate of installation material turning ladle mechanism, and each pipeline department all sets up seal structure, the furnace gate sets up the bilayer formula structure in water-cooling chamber for.
6. The small size vacuum arc furnace for the production of refractory high entropy alloys in claim 5, wherein: the electrode rod comprises a conductive pipe and a stainless steel sleeve, the stainless steel sleeve is sleeved outside the conductive pipe and forms a water jacket structure with the outer wall of the conductive pipe, the stainless steel sleeve is installed at the upper end of the furnace body through a movable sealing piece, and the water jacket structure is connected to a water cooling system through a pipeline.
7. The small size vacuum arc furnace for the production of refractory high entropy alloys in claim 6, wherein: the lower end of the water-cooling disc is connected to the bottom of the furnace body through a supporting pipe, and the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe penetrate through the supporting pipe.
8. The small size vacuum arc furnace for the production of refractory high entropy alloys in claim 7, wherein: and a heat radiation sealing baffle is arranged at the inner end of the sealant on the electrode rod.
9. The small size vacuum arc furnace for the production of refractory high entropy alloys in claim 8, wherein: the electrode rod power supply system further comprises a direct current power supply system, and the direct current power supply system supplies power to the electrode rod.
10. A small-sized vacuum electric-arc furnace for producing refractory high-entropy alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that: the welding seam material of the double-layer structure of the furnace body is the same as the furnace body material.
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| CN202020848714.9U CN212205609U (en) | 2020-05-20 | 2020-05-20 | Small-sized vacuum arc furnace for preparing refractory high-entropy alloy |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113430404A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-entropy alloy electric arc directional solidification device and solidification method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113430404A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-entropy alloy electric arc directional solidification device and solidification method |
| CN113430404B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2022-06-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-entropy alloy electric arc directional solidification device and solidification method |
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