CN212055806U - Speed change structure of electric vehicle - Google Patents
Speed change structure of electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN212055806U CN212055806U CN202020484643.9U CN202020484643U CN212055806U CN 212055806 U CN212055806 U CN 212055806U CN 202020484643 U CN202020484643 U CN 202020484643U CN 212055806 U CN212055806 U CN 212055806U
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- gear
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- sliding sleeve
- speed gear
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- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a variable speed structure of electric motor car, include: the input shaft is connected with the power source and is fixedly provided with a driving gear; the second shaft is meshed with the driving gear through a gear, and a first high-speed gear and a first low-speed gear are fixedly arranged on the second shaft; the three-shaft transmission mechanism comprises a three shaft, a first high-speed gear, a first low-speed gear, a sliding sleeve and a second transmission mechanism, wherein the three shaft is provided with the first high-speed gear and the second low-speed gear which are both connected with the three shaft in a circumferential rotating manner; the output shaft is fixedly provided with an output gear, and the three shafts are meshed with the output gear through the gear; the gear shifting driving lever for stir the sliding sleeve along endwise slip, the utility model discloses can reduce the gear when climbing or starting, improve the torque, when riding at a high speed, change to high-speed gear, improve duration.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the electric motor car field, more specifically the speed change structure of an electric motor car that says so relates to.
Background
The electric vehicle (mainly referring to an electric bicycle) takes a storage battery as an energy source, is driven by a motor without manpower for pedaling, saves labor, and has low noise, no waste gas and less pollution compared with the driving of internal combustion engines such as a motorcycle and the like, so the electric vehicle is developed more quickly. However, the existing electric vehicle is generally driven by a wheel hub motor, i.e. a low-speed direct current motor, and when climbing a slope or starting the electric vehicle, the electric vehicle can only obtain large torque by increasing current (up to dozens of amperes), so that the endurance capacity of the electric vehicle is reduced, even an energy storage element, namely a storage battery is damaged, and the electric vehicle can be destroyed if the overload is too large.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a not enough to prior art, the utility model provides a can realize the speed governing, reduce the gear when climbing or start, improve the torque, when riding at high speed, change to high-speed gear, improve duration.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: a speed change structure of an electric vehicle, comprising:
the input shaft is connected with the power source and is fixedly provided with a driving gear;
the second shaft is meshed with the driving gear through a gear, and a first high-speed gear and a first low-speed gear are fixedly arranged on the second shaft;
the sliding sleeve is arranged on the three shafts, the sliding sleeve is axially and slidably connected with the three shafts and is circumferentially and fixedly connected with the three shafts, and the second high-speed gear and the second low-speed gear are matched with each other;
the output shaft is fixedly provided with an output gear, and the three shafts are meshed with the output gear through the gear; and the shifting deflector rod is used for shifting the sliding sleeve to slide along the axial direction.
And further, a shifting fork is fixedly arranged on the shifting lever, and the shifting fork is connected with the sliding sleeve in a circumferential sliding manner and is fixedly connected in an axial direction.
Furthermore, a rolling bearing is sleeved outside the sliding sleeve, and the shifting fork is connected to an outer ring of the rolling bearing.
Furthermore, three pieces of induction magnetic steel are arranged on the gear shifting deflector rod, and a Hall sensor for inducing the position of the magnetic steel is arranged beside the gear shifting deflector rod.
Furthermore, an adjusting gear is arranged on the gear shifting driving lever and is in threaded connection with the gear shifting driving lever, and the adjusting gear is connected with a brush motor.
The second shaft is further meshed with the driving gear through a first high-speed gear.
Furthermore, bosses are arranged on one sides, facing the sliding sleeve, of the second high-speed gear and the second low-speed gear, and friction plates or gear grains are arranged on the coupling surfaces.
Further, rolling bearings are arranged between the second high-speed gear and the third shaft and between the second low-speed gear and the third shaft.
And further, a driven gear is further arranged on the three shafts and fixedly connected with the three shafts, and the three shafts are meshed with the output gear through the driven gear.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: when the torque needs to be improved, the sliding sleeve is shifted to move up and down through the movement of the shift shifting lever, so that the sliding sleeve moves towards the direction of the second low-speed gear, the sliding sleeve is matched with the second low-speed gear, the second high-speed gear idles, and the power is transmitted to the output shaft through the driving gear of the input shaft, the first low-speed gear of the second shaft and the second low-speed gear of the third shaft in sequence; when the torque needs to be reduced and high rotating speed is provided, the sliding sleeve moves towards the direction of the second high-speed gear through the gear shifting deflector rod, the sliding sleeve is matched with the second high-speed gear, the second low-speed gear idles, and at the moment, the second high-speed gear and the three shafts synchronously rotate to transmit power to the output shaft; when the sliding sleeve is in the middle position, the sliding sleeve is not matched with the second high-speed gear or the second low-speed gear, so that neutral gear is realized; adopt a sliding sleeve to go respectively with second high-speed gear and the cooperation of second low-speed gear, simple structure, when shifting, make the shift driving lever axial slip through the drive that has the brush motor, and then make the shift fork drive the sliding sleeve and remove, wherein the cooperation of hall sensor and response magnet steel can obtain current gear condition, can feedback control system brush motor through electric signal connection.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an input shaft, a two-shaft, a three-shaft and an output shaft of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the middle three-shaft and shift lever of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. an input shaft; 11. a driving gear; 2. two axes; 21. a first high-speed gear; 22. a first low-speed gear; 3. three axes; 31. a second high-speed gear; 32. a second low-speed gear; 33. a sliding sleeve; 34. a boss; 35. a driven gear; 4. an output shaft; 45. an output gear; 6. a shift deflector rod; 61. a shifting fork; 62. inducing magnetic steel; 63. a Hall sensor; 64. an adjusting gear; 7. there is brush motor.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the speed change structure of the electric vehicle according to the present invention will be further described with reference to fig. 1 and 2.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, for the orientation words, such as the terms "center", "lateral (X)", "longitudinal (Y)", "vertical (Z)", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., the orientation and the positional relationship are indicated based on the orientation or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, and the description is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but not for indicating or implying that the device or the element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of the present invention.
Furthermore, if the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, they are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. Thus, the definition of "a first" or "a second" feature may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features, and "a plurality" or "a plurality" in the description of the invention means two or more unless a specific definition is explicitly provided.
A speed change structure of an electric vehicle, comprising:
the input shaft 1 is connected with a power source, and a driving gear 11 is fixedly arranged on the input shaft; the power source is a motor;
a second shaft 2 which is engaged with the driving gear 11 through a gear and is fixedly provided with a first high-speed gear 21 and a first low-speed gear 22; in this embodiment, the diameter of the first high-speed gear 21 is larger than that of the first low-speed gear 22, and the two shafts 2 are engaged with the driving gear 11 through the first high-speed gear 21;
a three shaft 3, on which a second high speed gear 31 and a second low speed gear 32 are arranged, the second high speed gear 31 and the second low speed gear 32 are both axially fixedly connected and circumferentially rotatably connected with the three shaft 3, the second high speed gear 31 is meshed with the first high speed gear 21, the second low speed gear 32 is meshed with the first low speed gear 22, a sliding sleeve 33 is arranged between the second high speed gear 31 and the second low speed gear 32, the sliding sleeve 33 is arranged on the three shaft 3, the sliding sleeve 33 is axially slidably connected and circumferentially fixedly connected with the three shaft 3, one side of the second high speed gear 31, one side of the second low speed gear 32 facing the sliding sleeve 33, and two sides of the sliding sleeve 33 are both provided with mutually matched coupling surfaces, and two sides of the sliding sleeve 33 refer to one side of the sliding sleeve 33 facing the second high speed gear 31 and one side of the sliding sleeve 33 facing the second low speed gear 32; in the embodiment, the diameter of the second high-speed gear 31 is smaller than that of the second low-speed gear 32, and both the second high-speed gear 31 and the second low-speed gear 32 are connected with the three shafts 3 through rolling bearings; the sliding sleeve 33 is connected with the three shafts 3 through splines, so that the sliding sleeve 33 can slide on the three shafts 3 along the axial direction and can not rotate in the circumferential direction and is fixed relatively;
the output shaft 4 is fixedly provided with an output gear 45, and the three shafts 3 are meshed with the output gear 45 through gears;
and the shift lever 6 is used for shifting the sliding sleeve 33 to slide along the axial direction.
Preferably, in the present exemplary embodiment, input shaft 1, biaxial shaft 2, triaxial shaft 3, output shaft 4 and shifter 6 are parallel to one another.
When high rotating speed is needed, the sliding sleeve 33 slides towards the second high-speed gear 31, at the moment, the power source enables the input shaft 1 and the driving gear 11 to rotate, the driving gear 11 drives the first high-speed gear 21, the second shaft 2 and the first low-speed gear 22 to synchronously rotate, the first high-speed gear 21 drives the second high-speed gear 31, the sliding sleeve 33 and the three shaft 3 to synchronously rotate, the first low-speed gear 22 drives the second low-speed gear 32 to rotate, but the second low-speed gear 32 is in an idle running state, and the three shaft 3 is linked with the output gear 45 and the output shaft 4 through gears to realize high-speed rotation of the output shaft 4; when high torque is needed, the sliding sleeve 33 slides towards the second low-speed gear 32, at the moment, the power source enables the input shaft 1 and the driving gear 11 to rotate, the driving gear 11 drives the first high-speed gear 21, the second shaft 2 and the first low-speed gear 22 to synchronously rotate, the first low-speed gear 22 drives the second low-speed gear 32, the sliding sleeve 33 and the three shafts 3 to synchronously rotate, the first high-speed gear 21 drives the second high-speed gear 31 to rotate, but the second high-speed gear 31 is in an idle running state, and the three shafts 3 are linked with the output gear 45 and the output shaft 4 through gears, so that the output shaft 4 rotates in a high torque state; when power output is not needed, the sliding sleeve 33 is located between the second high-speed gear 31 and the second low-speed gear 32, i.e. not combined with the two, and then the three shaft 3 is not driven by the two shaft 2.
A shifting fork 61 is fixedly arranged on the shifting shift lever 6, the shifting fork 61 is circumferentially and slidably connected and axially fixedly connected with the sliding sleeve 33, wherein a rolling bearing is sleeved outside the sliding sleeve 33, the shifting fork 61 is connected to an outer ring of the rolling bearing, the shifting fork 61 can move axially along the three shafts 3 by moving the shifting shift lever 6, the shifting fork 61 moves to enable the sliding sleeve 33 to follow along the axial direction, but when the sliding sleeve 33 rotates circumferentially, the shifting fork 61 is kept at the original position and cannot rotate circumferentially; or an annular groove is arranged on the periphery of the sliding sleeve 33, and the shifting fork extends into the annular groove to slide with the sliding sleeve.
In this embodiment, preferably, three induction magnets 62 are disposed on the shift lever 6, a hall sensor 63 is disposed beside the shift lever 6 for sensing the position of the magnet 62, an adjusting gear 64 is disposed on the shift lever 6, the adjusting gear 64 is in threaded connection with the shift lever 6, the adjusting gear 64 is connected with the brush motor 7, in this embodiment, the three induction magnets 62 respectively correspond to three positions of the sliding sleeve 33, the three induction magnets 62 are a high-speed induction magnet 62, a neutral induction magnet 62 and a low-speed induction magnet 62, that is, when the shift lever 6 drives the sliding sleeve 33 to move, the induction magnets 62 also move synchronously and are detected by the hall sensor 63 in real time, as shown in fig. 2, when speed is required to be adjusted, the brush motor 7 drives the adjusting gear 64 to rotate, the shift lever 6 realizes axial movement by threads, and the output current of the power source (motor) can be obtained in real time by the current sensor of the electric vehicle itself, when the current is too large, the gear shifting deflector rod 6 can be adjusted through the brush motor 7, so that the gear shifting deflector rod 6 moves, the shifting fork 61 shifts the sliding sleeve 33 to be combined with the second low-speed gear 32, and when the sliding sleeve 33 is well combined with the second low-speed gear 32, the hall sensor 63 can detect the low-speed induction magnetic steel 62 to feed back the low-speed induction magnetic steel to the brush motor 7 so as to stop the brush motor 7 to realize high torque; when the output current is reduced, the brush motor 7 makes the shift deflector rod 6 move reversely to the Hall sensor 63 to detect the high-speed induction magnetic steel 62, so that the brush motor 7 stops rotating; when the vehicle is parked or goes downhill, the power source does not output current, so that the sliding sleeve 33 is in the neutral position, the electric energy of the storage battery is effectively utilized, and the endurance is improved.
In the preferred embodiment, the second high-speed gear 31 and the second low-speed gear 32 are provided with a boss 34 on one side facing the sliding sleeve 33, and a friction plate or a tooth pattern is provided on the coupling surface.
In the preferred embodiment, the three shaft 3 is further provided with a driven gear 35, the driven gear 35 is fixedly connected with the three shaft 3, and the three shaft 3 is meshed with the output gear 45 through the driven gear 35.
It is above only the utility model discloses a preferred embodiment, the utility model discloses a scope of protection does not only confine above-mentioned embodiment, the all belongs to the utility model discloses a technical scheme under the thinking all belongs to the utility model discloses a scope of protection. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A speed change structure of an electric vehicle, characterized by comprising:
the input shaft is connected with the power source and is fixedly provided with a driving gear;
the second shaft is meshed with the driving gear through a gear, and a first high-speed gear and a first low-speed gear are fixedly arranged on the second shaft;
the sliding sleeve is arranged on the three shafts, the sliding sleeve is axially and slidably connected with the three shafts and is circumferentially and fixedly connected with the three shafts, and the second high-speed gear and the second low-speed gear are matched with each other;
the output shaft is fixedly provided with an output gear, and the three shafts are meshed with the output gear through the gear;
and the shifting deflector rod is used for shifting the sliding sleeve to slide along the axial direction.
2. The speed change structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a shifting fork is fixedly arranged on the shifting lever, and is in circumferential sliding connection and axial fixed connection with the sliding sleeve.
3. The speed change structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: the outer side of the sliding sleeve is sleeved with a rolling bearing, and the shifting fork is connected to an outer ring of the rolling bearing.
4. The speed change structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: three pieces of induction magnetic steel are arranged on the gear shifting deflector rod, and a Hall sensor for inducing the position of the magnetic steel is arranged beside the gear shifting deflector rod.
5. The speed change structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: and the gear shifting driving lever is provided with an adjusting gear, the adjusting gear is in threaded connection with the gear shifting driving lever, and the adjusting gear is connected with a brush motor.
6. The speed change structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: the second shaft is meshed with the driving gear through a first high-speed gear.
7. The speed change structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: bosses are arranged on one sides, facing the sliding sleeve, of the second high-speed gear and the second low-speed gear, and friction plates or insections are arranged on the coupling surface.
8. The speed change structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: and rolling bearings are arranged between the second high-speed gear and the third shaft and between the second low-speed gear and the third shaft.
9. The speed change structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: the three shafts are also provided with driven gears which are fixedly connected with the three shafts, and the three shafts are meshed with the output gear through the driven gears.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020484643.9U CN212055806U (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | Speed change structure of electric vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020484643.9U CN212055806U (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | Speed change structure of electric vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212055806U true CN212055806U (en) | 2020-12-01 |
Family
ID=73541118
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020484643.9U Expired - Fee Related CN212055806U (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | Speed change structure of electric vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN212055806U (en) |
-
2020
- 2020-04-03 CN CN202020484643.9U patent/CN212055806U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20201201 |