CN211502751U - Combustion apparatus - Google Patents
Combustion apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN211502751U CN211502751U CN201922129641.8U CN201922129641U CN211502751U CN 211502751 U CN211502751 U CN 211502751U CN 201922129641 U CN201922129641 U CN 201922129641U CN 211502751 U CN211502751 U CN 211502751U
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- secondary air
- hearth
- combustion
- preheating
- fuel nozzle
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a combustion device, which comprises a hearth; the preheating fuel nozzle is arranged in the hearth, and primary air of the hearth is suitable for carrying pulverized coal fuel to enter the hearth through the preheating fuel nozzle; and the biomass fuel nozzle is arranged on the hearth and is arranged above the preheating fuel nozzle, and the biomass fuel is suitable for entering the hearth through the biomass fuel nozzle. Based on the scheme, the problem of layering of the biomass powder and the coal powder when the biomass powder and the coal powder are mixed and burnt can be relieved or solved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the utility model provides a relate to the burning field, especially relate to a pulverized coal combustion equipment.
Background
China has large industrial coal-fired boiler inventory, high coal consumption, low energy efficiency and heavy pollution, and an innovative action plan of energy technology revolution (2016-.
The existing industrial boiler using coal powder mainly uses coal powder as fuel, but CO produced by coal powder combustion2Is an important incentive for promoting global climate warming, and the global climate has great proposals that coal consumption should be reduced and CO should be controlled2And (4) discharging the total amount.
Since biomass energy is a renewable energy source, biomass is produced by fixing atmospheric CO2And the combustion of the carbon dioxide can not increase CO in the atmosphere2From this point of view, the combustion of biomass can be considered as CO2Zero emission technology, therefore, the development of biomass fuel utilization technology, the partial replacement of coal by biomass energy, and the control of global CO2A technical scheme of discharge.
Due to the characteristics of low melting point and the like of biomass, the combustion of the biomass in a boiler often has the problems of operation safety and stability and the like, a method of mixing and burning biomass powder and coal powder is adopted in the prior art, the utilization of biomass fuel is ensured by utilizing the combustion stability of coal, but the biomass powder and the coal powder are easily layered in the mixing and burning process due to the different densities of the coal powder and the biomass powder. It is necessary to develop a new furnace type for the combustion of biomass fuel.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to alleviate or solve the problem of living beings powder and buggy layering that appears when living beings powder mixes the burning with the buggy, provide the utility model discloses.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment provides a combustion apparatus, include:
a hearth;
the preheating fuel nozzle is arranged in the hearth, and primary air of the hearth is suitable for carrying pulverized coal fuel to enter the hearth through the preheating fuel nozzle; and
and the biomass fuel nozzle is arranged on the hearth and is arranged above the preheating fuel nozzle, and the biomass fuel is suitable for entering the hearth through the biomass fuel nozzle.
Optionally, the combustion apparatus further includes a secondary air distribution device, the secondary air distribution device includes a secondary air box and a secondary air port communicated with the secondary air box, and the secondary air port is adapted to provide secondary air into the furnace chamber. Optionally, the secondary tuyere is arranged below the preheating fuel nozzle.
Optionally, the secondary air distribution device includes a plurality of secondary air pipes, the secondary air pipes horizontally pass through the furnace, the secondary air pipes are provided with the secondary air ports, wherein the secondary air pipes are provided with secondary air ports for discharging air downwards or secondary air caps uniformly arranged on one side of the secondary air pipes, which faces upwards. Further optionally, the plurality of secondary air ducts are arranged in parallel spaced apart relation to each other. Optionally, the furnace is further provided with an ash bucket and an ash discharge pipe which are located below the secondary air pipe. Optionally, the secondary air pipes are arranged along the cross section of the whole hearth.
Optionally, the combustion apparatus further comprises a tertiary air port, the tertiary air port being disposed above the biomass fuel nozzle.
Optionally, the combustion device comprises a fluidized reaction preheating unit, the preheating unit comprises a lifting pipe, a cyclone separator and a material returning device which are communicated with each other, and the pulverized coal enters the lifting pipe from a coal feeding port; and the smoke outlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with the preheating fuel nozzle.
Optionally, the combustion device is a boiler.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a combustion apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along a-a in fig. 1, showing the arrangement of the secondary air ducts.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1, showing the arrangement of the ash hopper and the ash discharge pipe.
Reference numerals:
a pulverized coal preheating device 10; a riser 11; a cyclone 12; a material returning device 13; a fluidized air distribution device 14; a fluidizing air duct 141; a fluidizing plenum 142; a fluidization air chamber air distribution plate 143; fluidization plenum air distribution plate hood 144; a preheating fuel lance 15;
a hearth 20, a preheating fuel nozzle 21; a biomass powder nozzle 22; an ash hopper 23; an ash discharge pipe 24;
a secondary air distribution device 30; a secondary air box 31; a secondary air duct 32.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings is intended to explain the general inventive concept and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a combustion apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The combustion apparatus shown in fig. 1 may be a coal biomass multi-fuel combustion industrial boiler. As shown in fig. 1, it includes: a preheating unit 10, a hearth unit 20, and a secondary air supply unit 30.
The preheating unit 10 is a fluidized reaction device and comprises a lifting pipe 11, a cyclone separator 12, a material returning device 13, a fluidized air distribution device 14 and a preheating fuel spray pipe 15; the fluidizing air distribution device 14 includes a fluidizing air pipe 141, a fluidizing air chamber 142, a fluidizing air chamber air distribution plate 143, and a fluidizing air chamber air distribution plate hood 144.
The hearth unit 20 is a combustion device of fuel and comprises a preheating fuel nozzle 21, a biomass powder nozzle 22, an ash bucket 23, an ash discharge pipe 24 and a tertiary air port 25.
The secondary air supply unit 30 is an air supply device for fuel combustion, and comprises a secondary air box 31 and a secondary air pipe 32, wherein the pulverized coal preheating device comprises a lifting pipe 11, a cyclone separator 12 and a material returning device 13 which are communicated with each other in pairs. Still include fluidization wind distribution device 14, it is specific, include: a fluidization air pipe 141, a fluidization air chamber 142, a fluidization air chamber air distribution plate 143 and a fluidization air chamber air distribution plate hood 144.
The lift pipe, the cyclone separator and the material returning device are communicated with each other in pairs to form a circulating loop together, the structure of the circulating loop is approximately the same as that of the circulating fluidized bed, the circulating loop provides a preheating space for the pulverized coal fuel, and the pulverized coal fuel is partially combusted/gasified in the circulating loop to release heat so as to produce a high-temperature gas-solid mixture. The fluidized air distribution device is arranged at the lower part of the lifting pipe and provides fluidized air and partial combustion/gasification reaction air for fuel in the lifting pipe. The side surface of the lower part of the lifting pipe is provided with a powder feeding pipe which is used for introducing the pulverized coal fuel to be preheated into the lifting pipe.
In the fluidization air distribution device, a fluidization air pipe is connected with a fluidization air chamber, an air distribution plate is arranged on the fluidization air chamber, an air cap is arranged on the air distribution plate, a lifting pipe is arranged above the air cap, and the fluidization air enters the fluidization air chamber through the fluidization air pipe, enters the lifting pipe through the air cap on the air distribution plate and plays a role in fluidizing fuel in the lifting pipe.
The preheating device is connected with a preheating fuel nozzle 21 of the hearth through a preheating fuel nozzle 15, and fuel preheated by the preheating device enters the hearth to be subjected to combustion reaction with secondary air and tertiary air in the hearth.
A biomass powder nozzle 22 is arranged above the preheating fuel nozzle on the side surface of the hearth, and biomass fuel enters the hearth from the biomass powder nozzle to participate in combustion. Set up the top of preheating fuel spout 21 with the living beings powder spout, owing to preheat the fuel and have possessed better catching fire and burning characteristic, the high temperature preheats the fuel and gets into stable burning promptly behind the furnace to produce ascending hot flue gas air current, this hot flue gas can be effectively with living beings powder ignition, upwards hold up, thereby guaranteed the burning of living beings powder, avoided living beings powder to sink the powder, furnace upper portion sets up cubic wind gap 25, under the effect of tertiary air, realizes burning out of coal and living beings.
Secondary wind air distribution device sets up below preheating fuel nozzle, including secondary bellows 31 and secondary tuber pipe 32, and the secondary bellows sets up in the furnace outside, and secondary tuber pipe evenly distributed can set up the air outlet of air-out downwards on the secondary tuber pipe on the furnace cross section, also can evenly arrange the hood in the ascending one side of secondary tuber pipe. The secondary air distribution device can form uniform upward secondary air at the bottom of the hearth, so that fuel entering the hearth is lifted upwards and participates in combustion of the fuel, and fuel deposition in the furnace is effectively prevented.
Coal living beings fuel combustion industry boiler still include the cubic tuber pipe, set up on furnace biomass powder spout and preheat the furnace wall on the fuel spout. The reducing atmosphere is mainly below the tertiary air pipe of the hearth, namely the nitrogen oxide generated by burning the pulverized coal or the biomass is reduced by adopting a staged combustion mode.
In an optional embodiment, in order to ensure the long-term stable operation of the boiler, an ash bucket and an ash discharge pipe are arranged below the furnace secondary air distribution device, a certain gap is formed between the furnace secondary air pipes, under the abnormal operation condition, the combustion temperature of the furnace is too high, and when pulverized coal or biomass and the like sinter slag in the combustion chamber, slag particles can fall into the ash bucket from the gap between the secondary air pipes and are discharged through the ash discharge pipe at the bottom of the furnace. The bottom of the hearth is convenient to discharge ash, and the stable operation of the boiler is ensured.
The following describes the implementation of the separate combustion of pulverized coal and biomass powder and the co-combustion of coal and biomass.
1. Coal dust for single combustion
Conveying coal powder into a preheating device, forming oxygen-poor atmosphere in the preheating device, combusting/gasifying the coal powder in the preheating device to release heat and form preheating fuel, spraying the preheating fuel into a hearth, directly combusting the preheating fuel in contact with secondary air, and continuously reacting the unburned coal powder with tertiary air introduced into the furnace until the coal powder is burnt out. At this time, the biomass powder nozzles 22 may serve as inlets for the air distribution in stages to distribute the air in stages to the fuel in the furnace.
2. Biomass powder for separate combustion
Conveying biomass powder into a hearth, directly burning the biomass powder in the hearth, controlling the burning temperature of the biomass powder to be 100 ℃ below an ash melting point, preventing the biomass ash from slagging, and burning the biomass carbon which is not burnt out again after meeting with tertiary air of the hearth until the biomass carbon is burnt out.
3. Simultaneously burning coal powder and biomass powder
Conveying coal powder into a preheating device, forming oxygen-deficient atmosphere in the preheating device, separately burning/gasifying the coal powder in the preheating device to release heat and form preheating fuel, spraying the preheating fuel into a hearth, and directly burning the preheating fuel when meeting secondary air, wherein the temperature of the bottom of the hearth is higher than 900 ℃. Conveying the biomass powder into a hearth, and igniting the biomass powder under the action of high-temperature flue gas in the hearth. After the biomass powder is sprayed into the hearth, the reducing atmosphere from the secondary air nozzle to the tertiary air nozzle of the hearth is strengthened, and the secondary air quantity can be adjusted by a method for increasing the secondary air quantity. Under the condition that the feeding amount of the pulverized coal is not changed, if the load needs to be increased continuously, the spraying amount of the biomass powder can be increased, and the flexible adjustment of the load of the boiler is realized.
It should be pointed out that the preheating unit can not be limited to the device that riser, cyclone and the returning charge ware that are shown in the figure constitute, as long as can realize that pulverized coal fuel is modified and improve the preheating device of pulverized coal temperature all can be used for the technical scheme of the utility model.
It should also be noted that the arrangement of the secondary air is also limited to the illustrated embodiment. For example, the overfire air inlets may be provided directly in the side walls of the furnace, rather than as outlets arranged in an overfire air duct located within the furnace as in the illustrated example.
It should also be noted that the tertiary air inlet may not be provided.
Based on the above, a combustion apparatus is proposed, comprising: a hearth; the preheating fuel nozzle is arranged in the hearth, and primary air of the hearth is suitable for carrying pulverized coal fuel to enter the hearth through the preheating fuel nozzle; and the biomass fuel nozzle is arranged on the hearth and is arranged above the preheating fuel nozzle, and the biomass fuel is suitable for entering the hearth through the biomass fuel nozzle.
The utility model discloses in, the setting of biomass fuel spout is preheating fuel spout top, and the burning of preheating fuel will produce the high temperature flue gas, is favorable to biomass fuel's burning and suspension. Furthermore, the utility model discloses in, utilize the overgrate air large cross-section air feed structure of furnace bottom, can effectively prevent to preheat fuel or living beings powder in the deposit of furnace bottom, after the material spout furnace, especially living beings isopycnic is lighter, easily suspends in furnace, can not sink to realize the direct combustion of living beings in pulverized coal boiler. Consequently, to the biomass fuel that the volatile content is high, the ignition point is low, easily catch fire, the utility model discloses a coal living beings multi-fuel combustion industrial boiler is favorable to realizing high-efficient stable burning.
The utility model discloses in, because set up biomass fuel spout and pulverized coal fuel spout simultaneously to can adjust through living beings and pulverized coal fuel's supply, realize the nimble regulation to the boiler load. Because the powder feeding systems have a certain adjusting range, when the adjusting limit of the powder feeding system is lower or higher, the adjustment of the load of the boiler by controlling the feeding amount of the powder feeding system cannot be realized. Therefore, the adjustment of the boiler load is realized by adjusting the amount of the fuel with different heat values, so that the adjustment has better adaptability. Because the calorific value of the biomass is lower, the adjustment of the boiler load can be realized by adjusting the proportion of the pulverized coal and the biomass fuel, for example, when the boiler load is higher, the input amount/input proportion of the pulverized coal can be increased, so that the calorific value of the total fuel entering a hearth is higher; when the load of the boiler is low, the input proportion of the biomass fuel can be increased, so that the total heat value of the fuel is reduced, and the load of the boiler is regulated and controlled.
Additionally, according to the utility model discloses a many fuel of coal living beings industrial boiler that burns can realize: 1. preheating and burning the single pulverized coal; 2. the single biomass powder is directly sprayed into a hearth for combustion; and 3, co-combustion of coal and biomass. Thereby according to the utility model discloses a many fuel combustion of coal living beings industrial boiler has the characteristics of many fuels such as combustible coal or living beings on a boiler, has widened the fuel adaptability and the nimble adjustability of boiler.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in these embodiments, and that combinations of elements may be made without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A combustion apparatus comprising:
a hearth; and
the preheating fuel nozzle is arranged in the hearth, primary air of the hearth is suitable for carrying pulverized coal fuel to enter the hearth through the preheating fuel nozzle,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the combustion device further comprises a biomass fuel nozzle which is arranged on the hearth and above the preheating fuel nozzle, and the biomass fuel is suitable for entering the hearth through the biomass fuel nozzle.
2. The combustion apparatus as claimed in claim 1,
the combustion equipment also comprises a secondary air distribution device, the secondary air distribution device comprises a secondary air box and a secondary air port communicated with the secondary air box, and the secondary air port is suitable for providing secondary air into the hearth.
3. The combustion apparatus as claimed in claim 2,
the secondary air port is arranged below the preheating fuel nozzle.
4. The combustion apparatus as claimed in claim 3,
the secondary air distribution device comprises a plurality of secondary air pipes, the secondary air pipes horizontally penetrate through the hearth, the secondary air pipes are provided with secondary air ports, and the secondary air pipes are provided with secondary air ports for air to flow downwards or secondary air caps uniformly distributed on one side, which faces upwards, of the secondary air pipes.
5. The combustion apparatus as claimed in claim 4,
the plurality of secondary air ducts are arranged in parallel spaced apart relation to one another.
6. The combustion apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein:
the furnace chamber is also provided with an ash bucket and an ash discharge pipe which are positioned below the secondary air pipe.
7. The combustion apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein:
the secondary air pipes are arranged along the section of the whole hearth.
8. The combustion apparatus as claimed in claim 1,
the combustion device further comprises a tertiary air port, and the tertiary air port is arranged above the biomass fuel nozzle.
9. The combustion apparatus as claimed in claim 1,
the combustion equipment comprises a fluidized reaction preheating unit, the preheating unit comprises a lifting pipe, a cyclone separator and a material returning device which are communicated in pairs, and pulverized coal enters the lifting pipe from a coal feeding port; and is
And a flue gas outlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with the preheating fuel nozzle.
10. The combustion apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, wherein:
the combustion device is a boiler.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922129641.8U CN211502751U (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2019-12-02 | Combustion apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922129641.8U CN211502751U (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2019-12-02 | Combustion apparatus |
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| CN211502751U true CN211502751U (en) | 2020-09-15 |
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| CN201922129641.8U Active CN211502751U (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2019-12-02 | Combustion apparatus |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114263905A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-01 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Preheating fuel gasification nozzle |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114263905A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-01 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Preheating fuel gasification nozzle |
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