CN211318054U - Experimental system for researching action mechanism of explosive stress wave of surrounding rock - Google Patents
Experimental system for researching action mechanism of explosive stress wave of surrounding rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN211318054U CN211318054U CN201921503936.0U CN201921503936U CN211318054U CN 211318054 U CN211318054 U CN 211318054U CN 201921503936 U CN201921503936 U CN 201921503936U CN 211318054 U CN211318054 U CN 211318054U
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 45
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an experimental system for studying surrounding rock explosion stress wave mechanism of action, this system can change conditions such as surrounding rock stress, cartridge bag quantity, cartridge bag position, charge volume, explosive hole diameter, through reading the strain data of rock mass around the instantaneous in-process big gun hole of blasting to analysis explosion stress wave is to the mechanism of action of rock mass, the speed of breaking and the crack development condition. The utility model is used for research rock mass explosion stress wave mechanism of action's system under confined pressure can research when explosion stress wave produces to the mechanism of action of test piece, explosion stress wave effect, the different intensity confined pressure under the effect and the law of the mutual stack effect of explosion stress wave when the test piece crackle plays to carry out deeper research to fracture dynamics theory and stress wave theory on this basis.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to experiment fracture mechanics research field, concretely relates to an experimental system that is used for confined pressure rock mass fracture mechanism under the effect of explosion stress wave.
Background
At present, coal mining and tunnel excavation in China are mainly carried out in a blasting mode, and surrounding rock stress of a coal rock roadway and hardness of rocks become main factors for restricting roadway excavation. In recent years, domestic blasting technologies are widely applied, the blasting forms are more abundant, and the drilling blasting, smooth blasting and directional fracture control blasting technologies are widely applied to strip mines, deep mines, road construction, tunnels and vertical shaft excavation. However, the specific process of blasting rock under confining pressure has not been fully clarified at present. It is believed that there is initially a natural gap in the rock mass, and during the transmission of the stress wave due to explosion, the explosion gas penetrates into the gap and under the action of confining pressure, the crack caused by the stress wave is further expanded. The blasting of the surrounding rock is a more complex process compared with the open blasting, and the blasting result is difficult to control due to the instability of the surrounding pressure action after the explosion and the instable explosion, which brings great difficulty to the experimental research of the rock breaking mechanism of the blasting.
With the continuous increase of the coal mining depth, scientific technology is also continuously improved, the required blasting technology needs to be more mature, scientific researchers observe various phenomena such as strain, stress, fracture and the like generated in the blasting instant rock mass through advanced experimental equipment such as a high-speed camera and the like, research on the blasting failure mechanism of the rock obtains certain achievements, and the method has certain guiding significance and practical value for practical engineering application. However, many cracks and uneven characteristics of the rock mass exist in the natural rock mass, and meanwhile, due to the existence of surrounding rock stress, the path from crack initiation to through of the cracks of the confined rock mass after partial blast holes are detonated is difficult to control, but at present, experiments and researches on the action of the explosion stress wave of the confined rock mass are relatively few. Therefore, it is necessary to study the process and mechanism of the action of the explosion stress wave of the confined rock mass, the influence of the stress wave on the propagation law of the motion crack, and other problems. The method has important theoretical and practical significance for optimizing blasting parameters, improving the blasting process, developing the fracture dynamics theory and the like.
Based on the defects of the existing surrounding rock blasting technology and the combination of the modern strain gauge electrical measurement technology, an experimental system of the action mechanism of the explosion stress wave of the surrounding rock mass is designed, and the experimental system has important theoretical and practical significance for engineering practice, development of fracture dynamics theory and the like.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide an experimental system for studying surrounding rock explosion stress wave mechanism of action, this system can change conditions such as surrounding rock stress, cartridge bag quantity, cartridge bag position, charge volume, explosive hole diameter, through reading the strain data of rock mass around the blast hole among the instantaneous process of blasting to analysis explosion stress wave is to the mechanism of action, the speed of breaking and the crack development condition of rock mass.
The utility model provides an experimental system of research country rock explosion stress wave mechanism of action specifically realizes through following technical scheme:
the experimental system comprises a multi-channel pulse igniter, a confining pressure loading device, a confining pressure driving device, a confining pressure control platform, a data acquisition instrument, a super-dynamic strain gauge, a bridge box, a signal wire, a shielding wire, a strain gauge, a data processing center and a test piece; connecting the bridge box and a strain gauge on a test piece by using a signal wire, connecting the bridge box and the ground by using a shielding wire, connecting the bridge box and the ultra-dynamic strain gauge by using a signal wire, connecting the ultra-dynamic strain gauge and a data acquisition instrument by using a signal wire, and connecting the ultra-dynamic strain gauge and a data processing center by using a signal wire; and connecting the multi-channel pulse igniter and the explosive package by using the detonation probe.
A test program matched with a super-dynamic strain gauge is installed in the experimental system data processing center; setting a triggering mode of a test program matched with a hyper-dynamic strain gauge installed in a data processing center as a rising edge; setting various parameters in a matched test program; the parameters of the matched test program comprise the number of input strain gauges, the vertical distance y between each strain gauge and a crack propagation path, the wave velocity c1 of the shear wave in the test piece, the wave velocity c2 of the longitudinal wave in the test piece, the shear modulus mu of the test piece, the orientation angle alpha of each strain gauge, the type of the moving crack and the like;
the experimental system triggers a detonation probe at the center of the test piece to detonate the explosive bag by using a multi-channel pulse igniter, and explosive stress waves are generated by explosive explosion to act on the test piece; stress waves generated instantaneously by explosion trigger the nearest strain gauge of the explosive package, simultaneously or sequentially send a trigger signal to the data acquisition instrument, and the trigger signal is transmitted to the data processing center to trigger a test program matched with the ultra-dynamic strain gauge to start acquiring data of the strain gauge;
in the experimental system, a test program matched with the ultra-dynamic strain gauge automatically calculates mechanical parameters such as crack propagation speed and the like according to the electrical measurement result of the strain gauge; in the experimental process, each strain gauge can collect a strain peak value and the time for generating the strain peak value;
according to the experimental system, the position and the explosive charge amount of the explosive charge can be changed, so that the intensity of the explosion stress wave and the superposition condition between different stress waves are changed.
According to the experimental system, the confining pressure loading device sets the required confining pressure before the explosive package is detonated, and the confining pressure driving device is controlled through the confining pressure control platform.
In the experimental system, the confining pressure loading device comprises a first oil cylinder and a second oil cylinder which respectively control the pressure values in the x direction and the y direction; each loading oil cylinder is connected with a confining pressure driving device through an oil inlet pipe and an oil return pipe, and the confining pressure driving device controls the change of the pressure value through a confining pressure control platform.
The utility model discloses a system for be used for studying rock mass explosion stress wave mechanism of action under confined pressure, to the mechanism of action of test piece, explosion stress wave when the explosion stress wave produces, effect, different intensity confined pressure under the mutual stack effect of explosion stress wave and law when the test piece crackle plays to carry out deeper research to fracture dynamics theory and stress wave theory on this basis. The system detonates the explosive by using the multi-channel pulse igniter, and has simple and convenient operation and high reliability. After the explosive charge is detonated, the explosive load and the external confining pressure load act on the test piece at the same time, the explosive stress wave begins to propagate, and the test piece cracks after several microseconds. And the propagation speed of the explosion stress wave can reach about 2000m/s generally, and the maximum propagation speed of the explosion crack is only about 300-500 m/s. Therefore, the time from the test piece being subjected to the action of the explosive load to the time before the initiation of the explosion-generated cracks is enough to complete the triggering of the ultra-dynamic strain gauge, so that the test piece is fully observed, but the initiation time of the explosive charges must be strictly controlled in the experiment, so that the test piece and the explosive charge can be initiated simultaneously or sequentially in an extremely short test piece according to the experiment requirements.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following and beneficial effect:
(1) the test piece under the action of the explosion stress wave can be monitored in real time by an electrical measurement method; (2) the intensity of the explosion stress wave can be changed by changing the size of the explosive quantity and the position of a blast hole; (3) by changing the confining pressure, the propagation speed and different propagation conditions of the explosion stress wave can be changed; (4) according to the experimental requirements, a plurality of strain gauges with different angles can be pasted on the test piece to acquire a plurality of groups of electrical measurement data, and meanwhile, the system automatically starts to acquire data after igniting and detonating the explosive, so that the experimental error is reduced; (5) the confining pressure system and the blasting system belong to two relatively independent systems in the experiment, and the independent operation can be realized without mutual influence in the experiment process, so that the stability of the experiment is ensured. The experimental system performs related experiments and obtains better experimental results.
The experimental system for studying the action mechanism of the explosive stress wave of the surrounding rock of the utility model is further described with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the confining pressure drive system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the confining pressure control platform of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an electrical measurement calculation module;
description of reference numerals:
1. the test piece comprises a test piece 2, a data processing center 3, a confining pressure driving system 4, a data acquisition instrument 5, a super-dynamic strain gauge 6, a multi-channel pulse igniter 7 and a pulse igniter charger; 8. the device comprises a confining pressure loading support, 9 a first oil cylinder, 10 a second oil cylinder, 11, the ground, 12 a pressure-bearing plate, 13 a strain gauge, 14 a varnished wire, 15 a shielding wire, 16 a blast hole, 17 a first oil inlet pipe, 18 a first oil return pipe, 19 a second oil inlet pipe, 20 a second oil return pipe, 21 and a bridge box.
31. The device comprises a driving motor, 32, an oil tank, 33, a master control oil valve, 34, a first oil cylinder controller, 35, a first oil cylinder valve, 36, a second oil cylinder valve, 37, a second oil cylinder controller, 38, a pressure gauge, 39, a confining pressure control platform, 301, a signal transmission belt, 302 and an electric transmission line.
391. First cylinder oil pressure display 392, second cylinder oil pressure display 393, loading controller
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and explanatory of the invention and are not restrictive thereof.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the experimental system for studying the surrounding rock explosion stress wave action mechanism comprises a multi-channel pulse igniter 6, a surrounding pressure loading device 8, 9 and 10, a surrounding pressure driving device 3, a surrounding pressure control platform 39, a data acquisition instrument 4, an ultra-dynamic strain gauge 5, a bridge box 21, a signal line, a shielding line 15, a strain gauge 13, a data processing center 2 and a test piece 1; the bridge box 21 and the strain gauge on the test piece are connected through a signal wire, the bridge box 21 and the ground 11 are connected through a shielding wire 15, the bridge box 21 and the ultra-dynamic strain gauge 5 are connected through a signal wire, the ultra-dynamic strain gauge 5 and the data acquisition instrument 4 are connected through a signal wire, and the ultra-dynamic strain gauge 5 and the data processing center 2 are connected through a signal wire; connecting the multi-channel pulse igniter 6 with the explosive package 16 in the blast hole by using an enameled wire 14; the first oil cylinder 9 is connected with a first oil cylinder controller 34 through a first oil inlet pipe 17 and a first oil return pipe 18, the second oil cylinder 10 is connected with a 2 nd oil cylinder controller 37 through a first oil inlet pipe 19 and a first oil return pipe 20, the confining pressure control platform 39 controls the pressure of the first oil cylinder and the pressure of the second oil cylinder through a loading controller, and real-time pressure values are observed through displays 391 and 392.
With reference to fig. 1, a test program matched with the ultra-dynamic strain gauge 5 is installed in the experimental system data processing center 2; setting a triggering mode of a test program matched with the ultra-dynamic strain gauge installed in the data processing center 1 as a rising edge; setting various parameters in a matched test program; the parameters of the matched test program comprise the number of the input strain gauges 13, the vertical distance y between each strain gauge and a crack propagation path, the transverse wave velocity c1 in the test piece, the longitudinal wave velocity c2 in the test piece, the shear modulus mu of the test piece, the orientation angle alpha of each strain gauge, the type of the moving crack and the like.
With reference to fig. 1, the experimental system triggers a detonation probe in a central blast hole 16 of a test piece to detonate a explosive charge by using a multi-channel pulse igniter 6, and explosive stress waves are generated by explosive explosion to act on the test piece 1; stress waves generated instantaneously by explosion trigger the nearest strain gauge 13 of the explosive package, simultaneously or sequentially send a trigger signal to the data acquisition instrument 4, and the trigger signal is transmitted to the data processing center 1 to trigger a test program matched with the ultra-dynamic strain gauge to start acquiring data of the strain gauge.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the experimental system, the confining pressure loading devices 8, 9, and 10, the confining pressure driving device 3, and the confining pressure control platform 39 can be regarded as parallel independent systems, and the loading process is not affected by the blasting process; the first oil cylinder 9 is pressurized in the x direction through the confining pressure control platform 39, the first oil pressure display 391 displays oil pressure data in real time, oil is supplied through the first oil inlet pipe 17 during pressurization, oil is returned and unloaded through the first oil return pipe 18 after loading is completed, the second oil cylinder 10 is pressurized in the y direction through the confining pressure control platform 39, the second oil pressure display 392 displays oil pressure data in real time, oil is supplied through the second oil inlet pipe 19 during pressurization, oil is returned and unloaded through the second oil return pipe 20 after loading is completed, the first oil cylinder valve 35 and the second oil cylinder valve 36 are required to be closed after loading and unloading of the two oil cylinders are completed, and the main control oil valve 33 is closed after experiments are completed.
According to the experimental system shown in the figures 1 and 4, mechanical parameters such as crack propagation speed and the like are automatically calculated by a matching test program of the ultra-dynamic strain gauge according to an electrical measurement result of the strain gauge; in the experimental process, each strain gauge can collect a strain peak value and the time for generating the strain peak value;
according to the experimental system, the position and the explosive charge amount of the explosive charge can be changed, so that the intensity of the explosive stress wave and the transmission change of the stress wave under different confining pressures are changed.
According to the experimental system, the confining pressure loading device sets the required confining pressure before the explosive package is detonated, and the confining pressure driving device is controlled through the confining pressure control platform.
The experiment system can load different confining pressures on the test piece 1 through the confining pressure control platform 39 so as to explore the expansion condition of the explosion cracks under different confining pressure conditions.
The multi-channel pulse igniter can simultaneously detonate a plurality of explosive packages.
The sticking position of the strain gauge can be changed according to the requirement of observation data, and the strain gauge can be adjusted at different angles and different quantities.
The ultra-dynamic strain gauge comprises a plurality of data acquisition channels and can acquire real-time data of a plurality of measuring points simultaneously.
The triggering mode of the ultra-dynamic strain gauge matching program of the data processing center is a rising edge, namely when the explosion stress wave is transmitted to the first strain gauge, the strain wave rises firstly and then falls, and the rising instantaneous process triggers the ultra-dynamic strain gauge to start data acquisition.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but not for the limitation of the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can easily modify the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, and all such modifications fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An experimental system for studying the surrounding rock explosion stress wave action mechanism is characterized in that: the device comprises a multi-channel pulse igniter, a confining pressure loading device, a confining pressure driving device, a confining pressure control platform, a data acquisition instrument, a super-dynamic strain gauge, a bridge box, a signal wire, a shielding wire, a strain gauge, a data processing center and a test piece; the test piece is placed in the confining pressure loading device, a blast hole is drilled on the test piece, and a joint-cutting explosive package is placed; the bridge box is connected with a strain gauge, a super dynamic strain gauge, a data acquisition instrument and a data processing center on the test piece by signal wires; and connecting the multi-channel pulse igniter and the explosive package by using the detonation probe.
2. The experimental system for researching the action mechanism of the surrounding rock explosion stress wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the experimental system triggers a detonation probe at the center of the test piece to detonate the explosive bag by using a multi-channel pulse igniter, and explosive stress waves are generated by explosive explosion to act on the test piece; stress waves generated instantaneously by explosion trigger the nearest strain gauge of the explosive package, and simultaneously or sequentially send a trigger signal to the ultra-dynamic strain gauge, and the trigger signal is transmitted to the data processing center to trigger a test program matched with the ultra-dynamic strain gauge, so that the data of the strain gauge is collected.
3. The experimental system for researching the action mechanism of the surrounding rock explosion stress wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: according to the experimental system, the position and the explosive charge amount of the explosive charge can be changed, so that the intensity of the explosive stress wave and the transmission change of the stress wave under different confining pressures are changed.
4. The experimental system for researching the action mechanism of the surrounding rock explosion stress wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: according to the experimental system, the confining pressure loading device sets the required confining pressure before the explosive package is detonated.
5. The experimental system for researching the action mechanism of the surrounding rock explosion stress wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the experimental system, the confining pressure loading device comprises a first oil cylinder and a second oil cylinder which respectively control the pressure values in the x direction and the y direction; each loading oil cylinder is connected with a confining pressure driving device through an oil inlet pipe and an oil return pipe, and the confining pressure driving device controls the change of the pressure value through a confining pressure control platform.
6. The experimental system for researching the action mechanism of the surrounding rock explosion stress wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the experimental system can realize real-time monitoring of the test piece under the action of the explosion stress wave by an electrical measurement method.
7. The experimental system for researching the action mechanism of the surrounding rock explosion stress wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: during the experiment, strain gauges with a plurality of different angles can be pasted on a test piece, a plurality of groups of electrical measurement data are collected, and meanwhile, the system automatically and simultaneously starts to collect data after igniting and detonating the explosive.
8. The experimental system for researching the action mechanism of the surrounding rock explosion stress wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the confining pressure system and the blasting system belong to two relatively independent systems in the experiment, and the operation can be independently performed without mutual influence in the experiment process.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110411871A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-11-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | For studying the experimental system and method for the country rock Explosive stress wave mechanism of action |
| CN112649086A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-04-13 | 安徽理工大学 | Improved jointed rock mass blasting model test vibration monitoring system and method |
-
2019
- 2019-09-10 CN CN201921503936.0U patent/CN211318054U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110411871A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-11-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | For studying the experimental system and method for the country rock Explosive stress wave mechanism of action |
| CN112649086A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-04-13 | 安徽理工大学 | Improved jointed rock mass blasting model test vibration monitoring system and method |
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