CN111075422A - Blasting method utilizing hydraulic fracturing - Google Patents
Blasting method utilizing hydraulic fracturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN111075422A CN111075422A CN202010080375.9A CN202010080375A CN111075422A CN 111075422 A CN111075422 A CN 111075422A CN 202010080375 A CN202010080375 A CN 202010080375A CN 111075422 A CN111075422 A CN 111075422A
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- water
- hydraulic fracturing
- blasting
- pressure
- drill hole
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of blasting, and particularly relates to a blasting method utilizing hydraulic fracturing. Firstly arranging blasting drill holes in the middle of hydraulic fracturing drill holes, then injecting water under pressure, and after hydraulic fracturing, installing explosives in the blasting drill holes to detonate the explosives to realize blasting. The method combines hydraulic fracturing and blasting, and enables the ore body to generate cracks and loosen in advance, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing the explosive consumption and saving the operation cost; and after hydraulic fracturing is finished, a large amount of water still exists in the ore body, so that mine dust generated by blasting can be effectively reduced in the blasting process, and the health of workers is guaranteed.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of blasting, and particularly relates to a blasting method utilizing hydraulic fracturing.
Background art:
blast mining or tunnelling is an important means of mining ores from metal ores. Currently, conventional blasting requires a large amount of explosive and a detonator. Not only the explosive consumption is big, and manufacturing cost is high, and the production of a large amount of mine dust after the blasting needs the ventilation to be arranged, has reduced production efficiency, and the health to the staff produces the threat moreover, does not accord with the new theory of green mining.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to solve the technical problem that a large amount of explosive and a detonator with a detonating tube are required in the traditional blasting. Not only the explosive consumption is big, and manufacturing cost is high, and the production of a large amount of mine dust after the blasting needs the ventilation to be arranged, has reduced production efficiency, and the health to the staff produces the threat moreover, does not accord with the new theory of green mining.
In order to solve the problems, the method combines hydraulic fracturing and blasting, and enables the ore body to generate cracks and loosen in advance, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing the explosive consumption and saving the operation cost; and after hydraulic fracturing is finished, a large amount of water still exists in the ore body, so that mine dust generated by blasting can be effectively reduced in the blasting process, and the health of workers is guaranteed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the blasting method utilizing the hydraulic fracturing is realized by the following technical scheme that firstly, blasting drill holes are arranged in the middle of the hydraulic fracturing drill holes, then water is injected under pressure, and after the hydraulic fracturing, explosives are installed in the blasting drill holes to detonate the explosives, so that the blasting is realized.
Further, sampling on site, performing an indoor hydraulic fracturing test, and obtaining the hydraulic pressure of rock fracturing by the hydraulic fracturing test, wherein the hydraulic pressure is set to be n MPa; and then CT scanning is carried out on the fractured rock, the fracture range generated by hydraulic fracturing under the water pressure, namely the radius R of a fracture circle, can be obtained, and then the interval 2R of hydraulic fracturing drill holes is obtained.
Further, determining the position of the hydraulic fracture drill hole in a form that every two of the four hydraulic fracture circles are externally tangent; a blast borehole is arranged in the middle of the hydraulic fracturing hole. The four hydraulic fracturing drill holes are distributed up and down, left and right to surround one blasting drill hole, so that sufficient cracks are generated in all directions around the blasting drill hole, a rock body is loosened, the four hydraulic fracturing cracks are tangent in pairs, a crack-free middle area can be formed in the middle theoretically, and the influence of water in the hydraulic fracturing drill holes on explosives in the middle blasting drill hole can be reduced.
And further, drilling a hole in the ore body to be blasted in the third step, wherein the drilling depth is set according to the blasting requirement.
Further, putting the high-pressure water pipe into the hydraulic fracturing drill hole, and then sealing other gaps of the drill hole by using a water plugging plug; connecting a high-pressure water pipe and a water pump by using a water guide pipe, and starting water injection; observing the indication number of the pressure gauge during water injection, and when the indication number of the pressure gauge reaches about n MPa, suddenly reducing to indicate the requirement of a hydraulic pressure indoor test in a drill hole, so that cracks are generated, and an ore body is loosened; and stopping water injection.
And furthermore, after the ore body is subjected to hydraulic fracturing in the fifth step, waterproof explosives are installed in the blasting drill holes, and the explosives are detonated to realize blasting.
Furthermore, the invention provides hydraulic fracturing equipment matched with the method, which comprises a moving device, wherein a water tank is placed on the moving device, one end of the water tank is connected with a downhole water pipe through a water injection pipe, and when the water quantity in the water tank is insufficient, water is supplemented into the water tank through the water injection pipe; the other end is connected with a water inlet of the water injection pump through a water guide pipe; the water outlet of the water injection pump is connected with the high-pressure water pipe through a water guide pipe and is used for injecting water into the hydraulic fracturing drill hole; the water injection pump is connected with the motor, and the motor is used for providing electric power; the water injection pump is provided with a pressure gauge for reading water pressure; the high-pressure water pipe and the water pressure cracking drill hole on the ore body are sealed by a water plugging plug. And when the water pressure reaches n MPa, the water pressure cracks the cracks generated by the drill holes.
Furthermore, the hydraulic fracturing equipment also comprises a waterproof explosive and an initiator which are connected through a lead. The waterproof explosive is arranged in the blasting drill hole to realize blasting.
The drilling holes are divided into two types, one type is hydraulic fracturing drilling holes, the other type is blasting drilling holes, the blasting drilling holes are uniformly distributed on a working face, and four hydraulic fracturing drilling holes are arranged around each blasting drilling hole; during operation, the high-pressure water pipe is placed into the hydraulic fracturing drilled hole, and then the drilled hole is sealed by the water plugging plug; connecting a high-pressure water pipe and a water injection pump by using a water guide pipe, and starting a motor to perform pressurized water injection; during water injection, the indication of the pressure gauge is observed, and when the indication of the pressure gauge reaches about n MPa, the indication is suddenly reduced, so that the requirement of a hydraulic pressure indoor test in a drill hole is indicated, cracks are generated, and an ore body is loosened. When the water volume is not enough in the water injection pump, the water tank behind the motor can supply water through the water injection pipe, and when the water volume is not enough in the water tank, the water injection pipe can supply water through the underground water pipe. The moving device of the bearing equipment can move flexibly along with the propulsion of the working face.
After the ore body is subjected to hydraulic fracturing, the hydraulic fracturing equipment is retreated to the outside of the blasting safety distance, the explosive is installed in the blasting drill hole, and the explosive is detonated by the detonator to realize blasting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention combines hydraulic fracturing and explosive blasting, and can generate cracks and loosen the ore body in advance, thereby reducing the explosive consumption and saving the cost.
(2) After hydraulic fracturing is finished, a large amount of water still exists in the ore body, and mine dust generated by blasting can be effectively reduced in the blasting process, so that the health of workers is guaranteed.
(3) The hydraulic fracturing equipment is provided with a corresponding moving device, can be operated by workers to move freely, and is convenient to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a hydraulic fracture borehole configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a set of borehole arrangements of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic fracturing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the explosive blasting apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of blast holes in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the holes in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a water injection pipe; 2. a water tank; 3. a water conduit; 4. a motor; 5. a water injection pump; 6. a pressure gauge; 7. water plugging; 8. a high pressure water pipe; 9. cracking; 10. hydraulic fracturing drilling; 11. an ore body; 12. a mobile device; 13. an initiator; 14. a lead wire; 15. an explosive; 16. and (6) blasting and drilling.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a blasting mining method utilizing hydraulic fracturing comprises the steps of firstly arranging blasting drill holes in the middle of hydraulic fracturing drill holes, then injecting water under pressure, and after hydraulic fracturing, installing explosives in the blasting drill holes to detonate the explosives to realize blasting.
As shown in fig. 1, in the first step, sampling is carried out at a mining site, an indoor hydraulic fracturing test is carried out, and the hydraulic pressure of rock fracturing can be obtained through the hydraulic fracturing test and is set to be n MPa; and then CT scanning is carried out on the fractured rock, the fracture range generated by hydraulic fracturing under the water pressure, namely the radius R of a fracture circle, can be obtained, and then the interval 2R of hydraulic fracturing drill holes is obtained.
As shown in fig. 2, in the second step, the position of the hydraulic fracture drill hole is determined according to the form that every two of four hydraulic fracture circles are externally tangent; a blast borehole is arranged in the middle of the hydraulic fracturing hole.
And thirdly, drilling a drill hole in the ore body to be mined, wherein the depth of the drill hole is determined according to the blasting requirement.
Fourthly, putting the high-pressure water pipe into the hydraulic fracturing drill hole, and then sealing other gaps of the drill hole by using a water plugging plug; connecting a high-pressure water pipe and a water pump by using a water guide pipe, and starting water injection; observing the indication number of the pressure gauge during water injection, and when the indication number of the pressure gauge reaches about n MPa, suddenly reducing to indicate the requirement of a hydraulic pressure indoor test in a drill hole, so that cracks are generated, and an ore body is loosened; and stopping water injection.
And fifthly, mounting waterproof explosive in the blasting drill hole after the ore body is subjected to hydraulic fracturing, and detonating the explosive to realize blasting.
As shown in fig. 3, the hydraulic fracturing equipment provided by the invention and used in cooperation with the method comprises a moving device 12, wherein a water tank 2 is placed on the moving device 12, one end of the water tank is connected with a down-hole water pipe through a water injection pipe 1, and when the water quantity in the water tank is insufficient, water is supplemented into the water tank through the water injection pipe; the other end is connected with a water inlet of a water injection pump 5 through a water guide pipe 3; a water outlet of the water injection pump 5 is connected with a high-pressure water pipe 8 through a water guide pipe 3 and is used for injecting water into the hydraulic fracturing drill hole; the water injection pump 5 is connected with the motor 4, and the motor is used for providing electric power; the water injection pump is provided with a pressure gauge 6 for reading water pressure; the high-pressure water pipe 8 and the water pressure cracking drill hole 10 on the ore body 11 are sealed by a water plugging plug 7. When the water pressure reaches n MPa, the water pressure fractures the fracture 9 generated by the drill hole 10.
As shown in fig. 4, the hydraulic fracturing apparatus further comprises a waterproof explosive 15 and an initiator 13, which are connected by a lead 14. The waterproof explosive is arranged in the blasting drill hole 16 to realize blasting.
The drill holes are divided into two types, one type is hydraulic fracturing drill holes, the other type is blasting drill holes, the drill holes are distributed as shown in figure 5, the blasting drill holes are uniformly distributed on a working surface, and four hydraulic fracturing drill holes are arranged around each blasting drill hole; during operation, the high-pressure water pipe is placed into the hydraulic fracturing drilled hole, and then the drilled hole is sealed by the water plugging plug; connecting a high-pressure water pipe and a water injection pump by using a water guide pipe, and starting a motor to perform pressurized water injection; during water injection, the indication of the pressure gauge is observed, and when the indication of the pressure gauge reaches about n MPa, the indication is suddenly reduced, so that the requirement of a hydraulic pressure indoor test in a drill hole is indicated, cracks are generated, and an ore body is loosened. When the water volume is not enough in the water injection pump, the water tank behind the motor can supply water through the water injection pipe, and when the water volume is not enough in the water tank, the water injection pipe can supply water through the underground water pipe. The moving device of the bearing equipment can move flexibly along with the propulsion of the working face.
And after the ore body is subjected to hydraulic fracturing, the hydraulic fracturing equipment is moved back to the safe blasting distance, the explosive is installed in the blasting drill hole, and the explosive is detonated by using the detonator, so that the ore body is blasted and mined.
Example 2:
when the blasting tunneling machine is used for blasting tunneling, the drill holes are distributed as shown in fig. 6, the blasting drill holes are uniformly distributed on a working face, and four hydraulic fracturing drill holes are arranged around each blasting drill hole. The rest is the same as in example 1.
Claims (8)
1. A blasting method using hydraulic fracturing is characterized in that: firstly arranging blasting drill holes in the middle of hydraulic fracturing drill holes, then injecting water under pressure, and after hydraulic fracturing, installing explosives in the blasting drill holes to detonate the explosives to realize blasting.
2. A blasting method using hydraulic fracturing according to claim 1, wherein: sampling at a mining site, and carrying out an indoor hydraulic fracturing test, wherein the hydraulic pressure of rock fracturing can be obtained through the hydraulic fracturing test and is set to be n MPa; and then CT scanning is carried out on the fractured rock, the fracture range generated by hydraulic fracturing under the water pressure, namely the radius R of a fracture circle, can be obtained, and then the interval 2R of hydraulic fracturing drill holes is obtained.
3. A blasting method using hydraulic fracturing according to claim 1, wherein: secondly, determining the position of a hydraulic fracturing drill hole according to a form that every two of four hydraulic fracturing fracture circles are externally tangent; a blast borehole is arranged in the middle of the hydraulic fracturing hole.
4. A blasting method using hydraulic fracturing according to claim 1, wherein: and thirdly, drilling a drill hole in the ore body to be mined, wherein the depth of the drill hole is determined according to the blasting requirement.
5. A blasting method using hydraulic fracturing according to claim 1, wherein: fourthly, putting the high-pressure water pipe into the hydraulic fracturing drill hole, and then sealing other gaps of the drill hole by using a water plugging plug; connecting a high-pressure water pipe and a water pump by using a water guide pipe, and starting water injection; observing the indication number of the pressure gauge during water injection, and when the indication number of the pressure gauge reaches about n MPa, suddenly reducing to indicate the requirement of a hydraulic pressure indoor test in a drill hole, so that cracks are generated, and an ore body is loosened; and stopping water injection.
6. A blasting method using hydraulic fracturing according to claim 1, wherein: and fifthly, mounting waterproof explosive in the blasting drill hole after the ore body is subjected to hydraulic fracturing, and detonating the explosive to realize blasting.
7. A hydraulic fracturing apparatus incorporating the apparatus of claim 1 or 5, wherein: the device comprises a mobile device, wherein a water tank is arranged on the mobile device, and one end of the water tank is connected with a downhole water pipe through a water injection pipe; the other end is connected with a water inlet of the water injection pump through a water guide pipe; the water outlet of the water injection pump is connected with the high-pressure water pipe through a water guide pipe; the water injection pump is connected with the motor; the water injection pump is provided with a pressure gauge for reading water pressure; the high-pressure water pipe and the water pressure cracking drill hole on the ore body are sealed by a water plugging plug.
8. The hydraulic fracturing apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the explosive also comprises a waterproof explosive and an igniter which are connected through a lead.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010080375.9A CN111075422A (en) | 2020-02-05 | 2020-02-05 | Blasting method utilizing hydraulic fracturing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010080375.9A CN111075422A (en) | 2020-02-05 | 2020-02-05 | Blasting method utilizing hydraulic fracturing |
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| CN111075422A true CN111075422A (en) | 2020-04-28 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113339071A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-09-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for detecting pre-splitting blasting damage degree and range of top plate |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101644156A (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2010-02-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for weakening coal-rock mass by hydraulic blasting and fracturing |
| CN101666241A (en) * | 2009-09-05 | 2010-03-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Integrated drilling-blasting-pressurizing-drawing protrusion preventing method for regional gas control |
| CN103195466A (en) * | 2013-03-30 | 2013-07-10 | 重庆大学 | Directional water pressure blasting method for improving coal bed gas permeability |
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| CN106150507A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-23 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of method in hydrofracturing segment blast speedy drivage tunnel |
| CN107036498A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-08-11 | 陕西地建矿业开发环境治理有限责任公司 | A kind of ore body hydraulic pressure demolition system and ore body hydraulic pressure demolition method |
| CN110306967A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-08 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of coal seam hydraulic fracture couples anti-reflection method and device with hydraulic pressure demolition |
| WO2019246272A1 (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2019-12-26 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Enhancing transverse fractures while performing hydraulic fracturing within an openhole borehole |
| CN110725685A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-24 | 河南理工大学 | Hydraulic fracturing combined hydraulic blasting roadway large-footage tunneling method and fracturing device |
-
2020
- 2020-02-05 CN CN202010080375.9A patent/CN111075422A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101644156A (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2010-02-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for weakening coal-rock mass by hydraulic blasting and fracturing |
| CN101666241A (en) * | 2009-09-05 | 2010-03-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Integrated drilling-blasting-pressurizing-drawing protrusion preventing method for regional gas control |
| CN103195466A (en) * | 2013-03-30 | 2013-07-10 | 重庆大学 | Directional water pressure blasting method for improving coal bed gas permeability |
| CN103939077A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-07-23 | 山东科技大学 | Perforation fracturing permeability-improvement method for high-stress low-porosity coal seam |
| CN106150507A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-23 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of method in hydrofracturing segment blast speedy drivage tunnel |
| CN107036498A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-08-11 | 陕西地建矿业开发环境治理有限责任公司 | A kind of ore body hydraulic pressure demolition system and ore body hydraulic pressure demolition method |
| WO2019246272A1 (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2019-12-26 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Enhancing transverse fractures while performing hydraulic fracturing within an openhole borehole |
| CN110306967A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-08 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of coal seam hydraulic fracture couples anti-reflection method and device with hydraulic pressure demolition |
| CN110725685A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-24 | 河南理工大学 | Hydraulic fracturing combined hydraulic blasting roadway large-footage tunneling method and fracturing device |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113339071A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-09-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for detecting pre-splitting blasting damage degree and range of top plate |
| CN113339071B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2022-05-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for detecting pre-splitting blasting damage degree and range of top plate |
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