CN211252937U

CN211252937U - Buoyancy self-elevating type large submarine mineral lifting system

Info

Publication number: CN211252937U
Application number: CN201922104643.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余建星; 王华昆; 余杨; 许伟澎; 崔宇朋
Original assignee: Tianjin University
Current assignee: Tianjin University
Priority date: 2019-11-29
Filing date: 2019-11-29
Publication date: 2020-08-14
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-29

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses buoyancy is from bold submarine mineral lift system of lift-type, include: the water surface support system is arranged on the water surface and used for receiving the minerals lifted to the water surface from the seabed; the water surface support system is positioned through the anchoring system, and one end of the anchoring system is fixed on the seabed; the lifting system is used for lifting the minerals to the water surface supporting system from the seabed, and two ends of the lifting system are respectively arranged on the water surface supporting system and the seabed anchoring system; the lifting system comprises a transmission system arranged between the water surface support system and the seabed for operation, and two lifting cabins which move along the transmission system alternately under the action of buoyancy change. The utility model discloses need not to process mineral, utilize buoyancy change between two lifting cabins and interact can promote the bold mineral to the surface of water fast.

Description

Buoyancy self-elevating type large submarine mineral lifting system

Technical Field

The embodiment of the utility model provides a relate to technical submarine mineral development technical field, concretely relates to buoyancy is from bold submarine mineral lift system of lift-type.

Background

With the gradual depletion of mineral resources on land, the development of mineral resources in deep sea is gradually emphasized. The seabed is rich in a large amount of mineral resources such as manganese nodules, multi-metal sulfides, cobalt-rich crusts and the like, and has a large amount of rare metals, so that the development of the seabed mineral resources becomes an important force for supporting future economic, industrial and scientific development. At present, China totally obtains 5 exclusive exploration areas approved by a seabed management authority, develops deep sea mineral mining equipment, and enhances technical reserve, which is important work for supporting deep sea mining in China. The exploration shows that: most of manganese nodules on the deep sea plain are positioned at water depth of 4000-; the cobalt-rich crusts have the largest reserve in the Pacific ocean and the water depth of 800-. Therefore, the lifting of the submarine minerals to the water surface is an important research content for the mining of deep sea minerals.

Through decades of development, the currently more feasible deep sea mining can be divided into: a dragline mining method, a continuous rope bucket method, a pipeline hoisting method and a shuttle boat mining method. The trailer-type mining method cannot be controlled, the recovery rate is low, and continuous mining cannot be performed, so that the productivity is low. The continuous rope bucket method has the problem that the ropes are too close and are easy to wind. At present, pipeline lifting methods are the most studied, and certain sea tests are also developed. Although continuous production is possible with the pipe-lift method, the system has many limitations:

minerals need to be crushed to a small granularity and then can be conveyed to a water surface supporting system through hydraulic transportation, the energy consumption in the process of crushing the minerals is large, and the marine environment can be greatly polluted.

In this regard, particle erosion is a problem that is difficult to avoid in this system, especially erosion of lift pumps and lift lines is extremely severe; particles tend to clog on the lift pump, resulting in production downtime and even equipment failure; by hydraulic transport, the system is less efficient.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a bold submarine mineral lift system of buoyancy from lift-type to mineral need breakage to less granularity just can pass through the water conservancy to the problem on the surface of water among the solution prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

in an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a buoyancy self-elevating type large seabed mineral lifting system, comprising:

the water surface support system is arranged on the water surface and used for receiving the minerals lifted to the water surface from the seabed;

the anchoring system is used for positioning the water surface support system, and one end of the anchoring system is fixed on the seabed;

a lifting system for lifting minerals from the seabed onto the surface support system, both ends of the lifting system being respectively arranged on the surface support system and the anchoring system on the seabed;

wherein the lifting system comprises a transmission system arranged between the water surface support system and the seabed for operation, and two lifting cabins which move along the transmission system alternately under the action of buoyancy change.

As a preferred scheme of the utility model, the surface of water support system is including floating the surface of water support ship on the surface of water, and sets up the surface of water supports preceding door type on the ship and hangs with the back door type the surface of water support ship both ends and has all seted up a logical sea well, at every the well head of logical sea well is close to one side at surface of water support ship center all is provided with surface of water assembly pulley supporting seat.

As a preferred scheme of the utility model, the anchoring system is including fixing a plurality of suction anchors in the seabed bottom, and fixing many tension legs on the suction anchor, the tension leg with surface of water support ship fixed connection be fixed with on the suction anchor with the corresponding submarine assembly pulley supporting seat that sets up of surface of water assembly pulley supporting seat.

As a preferred scheme of the utility model, transmission system is including setting up the top guide pulley block on the surface of water assembly pulley supporting seat, and set up seabed guide pulley block on the seabed assembly pulley supporting seat, two the lifting compartment sets up respectively the surface of water supports the ship both sides open to the sea below, two the one end of lifting compartment is passed through the polyester cable is walked around the top guide pulley outside is connected, two the other end of lifting compartment passes through the polyester cable is walked around the seabed guide pulley block outside is connected, the polyester cable passes through open to the sea, and the surface of water supports the ship both sides open to the sea below respectively forms a promotion traffic line.

As a preferred scheme of the utility model, the suction anchor is provided with four side by side, wherein inboard two the suction anchor is used for the installation subsea pulley group supporting seat, two in the outside the suction anchor is used for installing the tension leg.

As a preferred scheme the position of submarine assembly pulley supporting seat is provided with the seabed constant head tank, the top shape of seabed constant head tank with the bottom appearance of hoisting chamber matches, with the hoisting chamber advances line location to the seabed when moving.

As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the shape of the lift chamber is a capsule shape.

As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the two ends of the lifting are provided with lifting lugs connected to the polyester cable.

As a preferred scheme four arch mineral entry have been seted up at the top of lifting compartment be provided with on the arch mineral entry can along lifting compartment annular gliding top arc door be provided with four storehouses on the lifting compartment the top of storehouse is provided with the goods export be provided with bottom arc door in the goods export the bottom of storehouse leans out the setting.

As a preferred scheme of the utility model the hoisting cabin is internal to be provided with the ballast tank the hoisting cabin bottom be provided with the ballast water of ballast tank intercommunication is imported and exported.

The utility model discloses an embodiment has following advantage:

the utility model discloses the implementation need not to carry out broken processing to mineral and handles, only needs simply to cut to can place the size at the elevator cabin, utilizes buoyancy change between two elevator cabins and interact can promote the bold mineral to the surface of water fast, but to environmental pollution greatly reduced.

The utility model has no problems of erosion and blockage similar to pipeline lifting systems caused by particles; and 3, the minerals are lifted to the water surface by virtue of buoyancy through ballast adjustment of the buoyancy tank, an additional power system is not needed to do work to lift the minerals, and the efficiency can be greatly improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.

The structure, ratio, size and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so as to be known and read by people familiar with the technology, and are not used for limiting the limit conditions which can be implemented by the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical essential significance, and any structure modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope which can be covered by the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a buoyant jack-up bulk seafloor mineral lifting system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of a lift cabin provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 3.

In the figure:

1-lifting a cabin; 2-a surface support vessel; 3-sea dredging well; 4-a water surface pulley block supporting seat; 5-the seabed; 6-a suction anchor; 7-a tension leg; 8-a submarine pulley block supporting seat; 9-a top guide pulley block; 10-a subsea guide pulley block; 11-polyester cable; 12-a sea floor positioning slot; 13-front door type crane; 14-rear gantry crane;

101-lifting lugs; 102-top curved door; 103-a cargo hold; 104-bottom curved door; 105-ballast tank; 106-ballast water import and export.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in terms of specific embodiments, and other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a buoyancy self-elevating type large seabed mineral lifting system, which mainly comprises three parts of a water surface supporting system, an anchoring system and a lifting system.

The water surface support system is arranged on the water surface and used for receiving minerals lifted to the water surface from the seabed, and specifically comprises a water surface support ship 2 floating on the water surface, a front portal crane 13 and a rear portal crane 14 which are arranged on the water surface support ship 2, two ends of the water surface support ship are provided with a sea through well 3, and one side of a well mouth of each sea through well 3, which is close to the center of the water surface support ship, is provided with a water surface pulley block support seat 4.

The front gantry crane 13 and the rear gantry crane 14 are mainly used for hoisting heavy objects such as minerals.

The anchoring system is mainly used for positioning a water surface support ship 2 of the water surface support system, so that the water surface support ship 2 and a submarine mining area are relatively stable, and mainly comprises a plurality of suction anchors 6 fixed at the bottom of a seabed 5 and a plurality of tension legs 7 fixed on the suction anchors 6, wherein the tension legs 7 are fixedly connected with the water surface support ship 2, and a submarine pulley block support seat 8 arranged corresponding to the water surface pulley block support seat 4 is fixed on the suction anchors 6.

Two tension legs 7 are generally provided for fixing the front and rear ends of the surface support vessel 2.

The lifting system is used for lifting the minerals to the water surface supporting system from the seabed, and two ends of the lifting system are respectively arranged on the water surface supporting system and the seabed anchoring system; the lifting system comprises a transmission system arranged between the water surface support system and the seabed, and two lifting cabins 1 which move along the transmission system in an alternating manner under the action of buoyancy change, and the function of automatically lifting the lifting cabins 1 is realized mainly by changing the buoyancy of the two lifting cabins 1.

The transmission system comprises a top guide pulley block 9 arranged on a water surface pulley block supporting seat 4 and a seabed guide pulley block 10 arranged on a seabed pulley block supporting seat 8, two lifting cabins 1 are respectively arranged below the sea shafts 3 on two sides of the water surface supporting ship 2, one ends of the two lifting cabins 1 are connected by bypassing the outer side of the top guide pulley block 9 through polyester cables 11, the other ends of the two lifting cabins 1 are connected by bypassing the outer side of the seabed guide pulley block 10 through the polyester cables 11, the polyester cables 11 penetrate the sea shafts 3, and a lifting transport line is respectively formed below the sea shafts 3 on two sides of the water surface supporting ship 2.

A seabed positioning groove 12 is arranged at the position of the seabed pulley block supporting seat 8, and the shape of the top of the seabed positioning groove 12 is matched with the shape of the bottom of the lifting cabin 1 so as to position the lifting cabin 1 when the lifting cabin runs to the seabed.

When one of the lifting cabins is floated to the surface of the supporting ship 3 for unloading, the bottom of the other lifting cabin is just arranged in the positioning groove 12 on the seabed.

Four suction anchors 6 are arranged side by side, wherein the two suction anchors 6 on the inner side are used for installing the submarine pulley block supporting seat 8, and the two suction anchors 6 on the outer side are used for installing tension legs 7.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the shape of the lift chamber 1 is a capsule shape, that is, the upper and lower ends are ellipsoid shapes, which is mainly to improve hydrodynamic performance, reduce the fluid resistance of the lift chamber when the lift chamber passes through water, and increase the transportation speed.

Lifting lugs 101 connected with the polyester cable 11 are arranged at two ends of the lifting cabin 1, four arched mineral inlets are arranged at the top of the lifting cabin 1, top arc doors 102 capable of sliding along the lifting cabin 1 in the circumferential direction are arranged on the arched mineral inlets, four cargo bins 103 are arranged on the lifting cabin 1, a cargo outlet is arranged at the top of the cargo bins 103, bottom arc doors 104 are arranged on the cargo outlet, the bottom of the cargo bins 103 are arranged in an outward inclining manner, when the lifting cabin 1 is lifted to a water surface supporting ship 3 for unloading, cargo can directly slide out under the action of gravity due to no water pressure, ballast tanks 105 are arranged in the lifting cabin 1, ballast water 106 communicated with the ballast tanks 105 is arranged at the bottom of the lifting cabin 1, and the cabin bodies of the two lifting cabins are made to be positive buoyancy or negative buoyancy through ballast adjustment, thereby achieving the purpose of floating or submerging.

For convenience of explanation, the right hand hoist in fig. 1 is designated as hoist a and the left hand hoist B.

When the mine is lifted, the top of the lifting cabin A is connected with a high-strength polyester cable 11, the high-strength polyester cable is sunk into the seabed under ballasting condition and is placed on the seabed positioning groove 10, and the lifting cabin A is fixed by a clamping device.

The left end of the high-strength polyester cable connected with the top of the lifting cabin A is connected with the top of the lifting cabin B, the high-strength polyester cable at the bottom of the lifting cabin A passes through the seabed positioning groove 12 under the traction of the ROV, bypasses the seabed guide pulley block 10 and is connected with the lifting lug at the bottom of the lifting cabin B, and then the high-strength polyester cable 4 is in a tensioning state through a winch system of the water surface support ship 3.

After the hoisting cabin A is filled with large mineral blocks, seawater in the ballast tank 24 is removed through a pressurizing pump in the cabin, so that the buoyancy of the cabin body of the hoisting cabin A is larger than the gravity, meanwhile, the goods of the hoisting cabin B are unloaded (no load during first installation), and water is pressurized and loaded in the ballast tank, so that the gravity is larger than the buoyancy.

Subsequently, the gripping means are disengaged and the lift compartment B will submerge under gravity with the empty ballast compartment and the lift compartment a will float under buoyancy with the loaded bin. Due to the combined action of the effective gravity and the effective buoyancy, the lifting cabin A can quickly float to the water surface, and the lifting cabin B can quickly submerge to the seabed.

And when the lifting cabin A and the lifting cabin B are close to the designated parking points, the speed is reduced through the winch system. After the lifting cabin A rises to the water surface to support the ship, the bottom arc-shaped door is opened, minerals are automatically unloaded under the action of gravity through the inclined panel at the bottom of the cargo cabin, and water is pressurized and loaded into the ballast tank after the minerals are unloaded.

And simultaneously, after the ballast tank of the lifting chamber B reaches the seabed, the top arc-shaped door is opened, minerals are added into the cargo hold, and during the period, the seawater in the ballast tank is discharged through the high-pressure pump, so that the buoyancy of the lifting chamber is larger than the gravity. Because the clamping device acts at the moment, the lifting cabin can not float upwards, and when the goods are full, the clamping device is loosened, and the lifting cabin can float upwards.

Specifically, taking a cylindrical steel buoyancy chamber with the diameter of 6m, the height of 10m and the wall thickness of 10mm as an example, if 4 cylindrical cargo carrying chambers with the diameter of 2m and the height of 10m are designed on the buoyancy chamber, the single effective carrying capacity can exceed 130 tons, the size of the buoyancy chamber can be increased if necessary, the effective carrying capacity can be greatly increased, and the effective carrying capacity can also be further increased by adopting a polymer material.

Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to the general description and the specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made based on the invention. Therefore, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A buoyant jack-up bulk seafloor mineral lifting system, comprising:

wherein the lifting system comprises a transmission system arranged to operate between the surface support system and the seabed, and two lifting cabins (1) moving alternately along the transmission system under the effect of buoyancy variations.

2. The system for lifting the mineral on the seabed by buoyancy self-elevating type according to claim 1, wherein the water surface supporting system comprises a water surface supporting vessel (2) floating on the water surface, and a front gantry crane (13) and a rear gantry crane (14) arranged on the water surface supporting vessel (2), both ends of the water surface supporting vessel are provided with a sea shaft (3), and one side of the well mouth of each sea shaft (3) close to the center of the water surface supporting vessel is provided with a water surface pulley block supporting seat (4).

3. A buoyant jack-up seafloor mineral lifting system according to claim 2, wherein the anchoring system comprises a plurality of suction anchors (6) fixed to the bottom of the seabed (5), and a plurality of tension legs (7) fixed to the suction anchors (6), the tension legs (7) being fixedly connected to the surface support vessel (2), and a seafloor pulley block support (8) corresponding to the surface pulley block support (4) being fixed to the suction anchors (6).

4. A buoyant jack-up bulk seafloor mineral lifting system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the transmission system comprises a top guide pulley block (9) arranged on a water surface pulley block supporting seat (4), and a seabed guide pulley block (10) arranged on the seabed pulley block supporting seat (8), wherein the two lifting cabins (1) are respectively arranged below the sea shaft (3) at two sides of the water surface supporting ship (2), one ends of the two lifting cabins (1) are connected by bypassing the outer side of the top guide pulley block (9) through polyester cables (11), the other ends of the two lifting cabins (1) are connected by bypassing the outer side of the seabed guide pulley block (10) through polyester cables (11), and the polyester cables (11) pass through the sea shaft (3), and a lifting transport line is respectively formed below the sea shafts (3) on both sides of the water surface support ship (2).

5. A buoyant jack-up bulk seafloor mineral lifting system according to claim 4, wherein the suction anchors (6) are arranged in four side-by-side relationship, with the inner two suction anchors (6) being used to mount the seafloor block support (8) and the outer two suction anchors (6) being used to mount the tension legs (7).

6. A buoyant jack-up bulk seafloor mineral lifting system according to claim 5, wherein a seafloor positioning slot (12) is provided at the location of the seafloor pulley block support base (8), the top shape of the seafloor positioning slot (12) matching the bottom profile of the chamber (1) to position the chamber (1) as it travels to the seafloor.

7. A buoyant jack-up bulk seafloor mineral lifting system according to claim 6, wherein the lift capsule (1) is of a capsule configuration.

8. A buoyant jack-up bulk seafloor mineral lifting system according to claim 7, wherein the ends of the lift tank (1) are provided with lifting lugs (101) to which the polyester cables (11) are attached.

9. The system for lifting the mineral on the seabed by buoyancy self-elevating type according to claim 7, wherein four arched mineral inlets are formed at the top of the lifting cabin (1), a top arc door (102) capable of sliding along the lifting cabin (1) in the circumferential direction is arranged on the arched mineral inlets, four cargo bins (103) are arranged on the lifting cabin (1), a cargo outlet is formed at the top of the cargo bins (103), a bottom arc door (104) is arranged on the cargo outlet, and the bottom of the cargo bin (103) is arranged in an outward inclining manner.

10. A buoyant jack-up bulk seafloor mineral lifting system according to claim 9, wherein a ballast tank (105) is provided in the lift tank (1), and a ballast water inlet and outlet (106) is provided at the bottom of the lift tank (1) in communication with the ballast tank (105).