CN211147984U - Railway ballast wind tunnel test platform that splashes - Google Patents
Railway ballast wind tunnel test platform that splashes Download PDFInfo
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- CN211147984U CN211147984U CN202020062827.6U CN202020062827U CN211147984U CN 211147984 U CN211147984 U CN 211147984U CN 202020062827 U CN202020062827 U CN 202020062827U CN 211147984 U CN211147984 U CN 211147984U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the utility model provides a wind-tunnel test platform that splashes of railway ballast, include: the device comprises a railway ballast splashing test bed, a test bed bracket, a high-speed train carriage bottom structure model, a sleeper model, a steel rail model, a ballast shoulder model, railway ballast aggregate and wind speed testing device; the railway ballast splashing test bed is connected and fixed with a bottom structure model of a carriage of a high-speed train and a wind tunnel laboratory floor through a test bed support respectively, the height of the test bed support can be adjusted, a railway ballast aggregate surface layer is arranged in a sleeper model, railway ballast aggregate is arranged on the surface of the railway ballast splashing test bed, a steel rail model is fixed on the top surface of a railway sleeper model rail bearing groove, a railway ballast shoulder model is fixed on two sides of the sleeper model and the railway ballast aggregate, and a wind speed testing device is fixed on the railway ballast aggregate surface layer between the sleeper models. The utility model discloses can accurately simulate the emergence condition that high-speed railway ballast splashes, the emergence and the development characteristic that the reduction railway ballast splashes to can the real-time supervision railway ballast flow field data that splashes, and the simple operation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a track traffic technical field especially relates to a wind-tunnel test platform that railway ballast splashes.
Background
The high-speed railway is an important component of a modern transportation system, and the track is an important component of the high-speed railway and plays an indispensable role in ensuring the safe and stable running of the train. The ballast track has remarkable advantages in applicability, flexibility, economy and maintainability, and is one of main track structure forms of a high-speed railway. In the high-speed railway lines which are opened and operated in China, almost all high-speed railways formed by transforming existing lines adopt ballast tracks, the high-speed railways in a section with the operation speed of 250km/h in newly-built lines mainly adopt the ballast tracks, part sections of the high-speed railway lines with the operation speed of 300km/h and above also adopt the ballast tracks, and especially special sections such as long and large bridges, elevated stations, geological fracture zones and the like have to adopt ballast track structures.
In recent years, with the gradual increase of the running speed of trains, the phenomenon that railway ballast particles fly off a railway bed on a high-speed railway line and hit tracks, vehicles and facilities around the line are splashed frequently occurs. The damage to the structure of the track and the train is caused, the maintenance and repair cost of the line and the vehicle is greatly increased, and the driving safety is seriously threatened. If the splashed railway ballast is scattered on the tread of the steel rail, the steel rail and wheels can be damaged under the action of the force of the wheel rail, the rail deterioration and the wheel flat scar are accelerated, the stress of the wheel rail is changed, and even accidents such as derailment and the like can be caused in severe cases; if parts such as a train bogie, a brake cylinder, a train body and the like are hit, the train is damaged, and unsafe factors and the maintenance cost of the train are increased; certain harm can be caused to facilities around the line, and even personal injury can be caused; in addition, flying ballast and dust can cause environmental pollution and affect the appearance.
The uncertainty of the high-speed railway ballast splashing is obvious, the motion rule and the track flow field characteristics of the splashing railway ballast can be intuitively obtained by adopting a field test method, but the limitation is larger when the problem of the ballast splashing with obvious randomness is researched due to the fact that the field test has more interference factors, excessively depends on the existing line conditions, has weak repeatability, high research cost and the like. The wind tunnel test method is adopted to restore the original ballast track structure flow field, observe and test the movement behavior of the ballast particles and the track flow field characteristics under the action of wind load, and can effectively overcome the problems.
Therefore, how to design a test platform capable of truly reducing the high-speed railway ballast splashing wind tunnel is an urgent problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field. By means of reduction analysis of the development mechanism of the ballast splash, scientific and effective ballast splash prevention and control suggestions are provided, so that safe operation of a high-speed train is guaranteed, and line maintenance cost is reduced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the utility model provides a wind-tunnel test platform that splashes of railway ballast has overcome among the current railway ballast splash reduction analysis, and it is limited to have the tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. track flow field characteristic reduction precision, can't consider to have the influence that tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. track structure parameter splashes to the railway ballast, and can't survey the railway ballast motion behavior that splashes more meticulously to and the railway ballast splashes and takes place the not enough of development in-process track structure flow field characteristic
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme.
The utility model provides a following scheme:
a railway ballast wind tunnel test platform that splashes includes: the device comprises a railway ballast splashing test bed, a test bed bracket, a high-speed train carriage bottom structure model, a sleeper model, a steel rail model, a ballast shoulder model, railway ballast aggregate and wind speed testing device;
the railway ballast splash test bed is characterized in that the railway ballast splash test bed passes through the test bed support and is respectively connected and fixed with a high-speed train carriage bottom structure model and a wind tunnel laboratory floor, the height of the test bed support is adjustable, the sleeper model is arranged in the railway ballast aggregate surface layer, the railway ballast aggregate is arranged in the railway ballast splash test bed surface, the steel rail model is fixed on the top surface of a railway sleeper model rail bearing groove, the railway ballast shoulder model is fixed on the sleeper model and the railway ballast aggregate two sides, and the wind speed testing device is fixed on the railway ballast aggregate surface layer between the sleeper models.
Preferably, the platform further comprises: and the protective net is fixed at one end of the railway ballast splashing test bed, which is positioned at the outlet of the wind tunnel.
Preferably, the protective net is formed by a wire netting fixed on the inner side of a wood frame, the side length of each grid is smaller than the average grain size of the ballast particles, and the length of the wood frame is the same as the width of the ballast splashing test bed.
Preferably, the platform further comprises: and the video acquisition device is positioned right above the middle part of the railway ballast splashing test bed and is used for acquiring and recording the displacement characteristics of the railway ballast sample in the test.
Preferably, the test bed support is of a double-layer angle steel structure, a series of round holes are formed in the surface of the angle steel, the anchor rod penetrates through the round holes, the double-layer angle steel is fixedly connected, and the height of the test bed support is adjusted.
Preferably, the structural model of the bottom of the high-speed train carriage is made of toughened glass materials.
Preferably, the number of the sleeper models is multiple, the transverse distance between the centers of the sleeper models is adjustable, and the surface of each sleeper model is provided with a wind pressure measuring point.
Preferably, the ballast shoulder model is fixed on two sides of the ballast aggregate and the sleeper model, the gradient of the ballast shoulder model is 1:1.75, the pile height can be adjusted to be 0cm, 5cm, 10cm or 15cm, and a wind pressure measuring point is arranged on the surface of the ballast shoulder model.
Preferably, the steel rail model is made of iron sheet, holes are formed in the bottoms of the front end and the rear end of the steel rail model, the steel rail model and the sleeper model are fixedly connected through anchor rods, and the shape of the steel rail model is completely consistent with that of the section of the high-speed railway steel rail.
Preferably, the wind speed testing device is located between the middle two-span sleeper model and comprises: the wind speed testing device comprises a wind speed testing device support and a series of wind speed testing probes at different transverse and longitudinal positions, wherein the probes are mounted on the wind speed testing device support and can test the wind speed of a point measured in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction at the same time, the wind speed testing device support is arranged inside a ballast bed, and the transverse and longitudinal positions of the wind speed testing device support can be adjusted.
By the above-mentioned the embodiment of the utility model provides a technical scheme can find out, the embodiment of the utility model provides a wind tunnel test platform that splashes of railway ballast can accurately simulate the emergence condition that high-speed railway ballast splashes, reduces emergence and the development characteristic that the railway ballast splashes to can the real-time supervision railway ballast flow field data that splashes, and the simple operation. Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses still have following advantage:
(1) the utility model discloses a wind-tunnel test platform that railway ballast splashes is exclusively used in simulation and analysis that high-speed railway ballast splashes, has railway roadbed, tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. shoulder, sleeper, rail and the bottom of the carriage appearance characteristic of tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. track circuit through accurate simulation high-speed railway, can accurate reduction high-speed railway ballast emergence and the development process that splashes, test railway ballast flow field characteristic that splashes.
(2) The utility model discloses an increase or reduce the railway ballast quantity that gathers materials between the sleeper model, the railway ballast shape among the railway ballast gathers materials between the adjustment sleeper box, material isoparametric, the height is piled to the tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. shoulder the model to and carriage bottom model and railway ballast splash test bench top surface isoparametric, can simulate under the different railway roadbed parameter conditions, the railway ballast splashes and takes place and the development condition.
(3) The utility model discloses an adjustment wind speed testing arrangement to and the wind pressure measurement station on sleeper model and tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. shoulder the model surface, can test the different wind speed intensity and the distribution characteristic of horizontal, longitudinal position department in road bed model surface synchronously, and the wind pressure intensity and the distribution characteristic in sleeper model and tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. shoulder the different regions in model surface, acquire the tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. and splash and take place and the development mechanism.
(4) The utility model discloses a be located the video acquisition device of railway ballast test bench top that splashes, can acquire the motion action that the railway ballast splashes in the experiment in real time, avoid the railway ballast to splash the threat to testing personnel, improve experimental security and accuracy.
(5) The utility model discloses railway ballast wind-tunnel test platform that splashes simple structure, loading and unloading are simple and convenient, easily operation, and the test cost is lower relatively.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ballast splashing wind tunnel test platform provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a ballast splashing wind tunnel test platform provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is the embodiment of the utility model provides a railway ballast wind tunnel test platform that splashes overlook the schematic diagram.
Reference numerals:
1-a railway ballast splashing test bed; 2-a test stand support; 3-a structural model of the bottom of the carriage of the high-speed train; 4-sleeper model; 5-steel rail model; 6-ballast shoulder model; 7-wind tunnel laboratory boundaries; 8-ballast aggregate; 9-wind speed testing device; 10-protective screening; 11-video capture device.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the embodiments are not limited thereto.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a wind tunnel test platform that railway ballast splashes for the emergence and the development process that real simulation railway ballast splashes, and there is tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. track structure surface flow field characteristic, as shown in fig. 1-3, include: the device comprises a railway ballast splashing test bed 1, a test bed support 2, a high-speed train carriage bottom structure model 3, a sleeper model 4, a steel rail model 5, a ballast shoulder model 6, a wind tunnel laboratory boundary 7, railway ballast aggregate 8, a wind speed testing device 9, a protective net 10 and a video acquisition device 11.
The railway ballast splashing test bed 1 is respectively connected and fixed with a high-speed train carriage bottom structure model 3 and a wind tunnel laboratory floor through a test bed bracket 2. The test bed support 2 is of a double-layer angle steel structure, a series of round holes with the interval of 0.02m are formed in the surface of the angle steel, and an anchor rod is adopted to penetrate through the round holes to connect and fix the double-layer angle steel and realize the height adjustment of the test bed support. The height adjustable mode of the test bed support 2 can realize the height adjustment of the test bed and eliminate the influence of a laboratory boundary layer under different incoming flow wind speeds in a wind tunnel test. Meanwhile, by adjusting the height of the support between the railway ballast splashing test bed 1 and the high-speed train carriage bottom structure model 3, the generation and development rules of railway ballast splashing on the surface of a railway ballast track and the flow field data change characteristics of the railway ballast track can be simulated under the condition of different carriage bottom heights.
The shape and the size of the structural model 3 at the bottom of the high-speed train compartment are the same as those of the CRH3 motor train unit intermediate car. Adopt toughened glass material preparation, on the basis of guaranteeing carriage bottom structure model intensity, can reduce the model quality, convenient to detach, simple operation, when reducing test cost, higher to the guarantee of testing personnel security. Meanwhile, the toughened glass is made of transparent material, so that the splashing motion state of the railway ballast in the test process can be clearly observed.
The sleeper model 4 is arranged on the surface of the railway ballast aggregate 8, the shape and the size of the sleeper model 4 are completely the same as the appearance and the size of a ballast track III type concrete sleeper of a high-speed railway, the length is 2.6m, the bottom surface width is 0.32m, the highest height is 0.26m, 4 spans the sleeper model 4 in total, the central transverse distance of each sleeper model is set to be 0.6m (the distance between the central transverse distance and the bottom surface can be adjusted), 102 wind pressure measuring points are arranged on the surface of each span of the sleeper model 4 in total, wherein the top surface is 28, the side surface is 37, and therefore synchronous testing of flow field data of different areas on the sleeper surface can be.
The steel rail model 5 is fixed on the top surface of a rail bearing groove of the sleeper model 4, the steel rail model 5 is made of iron sheet materials, holes are formed in the bottoms of the front end and the rear end of the steel rail model 5, the steel rail model 5 and the sleeper model 4 are fixedly connected through anchor rods, and the shape of the steel rail model 5 is completely consistent with the shape of the section of a 60kg/m steel rail of a high-speed railway.
The ballast shoulder model 6 is fixed on two sides of the sleeper model 4 and the railway ballast aggregate 8, the slope of the ballast shoulder model 6 is 1:1.75, the height of the pile can be adjusted to be 0cm, 5cm, 10cm or 15cm, 84 wind pressure measuring points are arranged on the surface of the ballast shoulder model 6, wherein the number of the inner sides of the railway beds is 56, and the number of the outer sides of the railway beds is 28.
The method comprises the steps of placing railway ballast aggregate 8 on the surface of a railway ballast splashing test bed 1, taking the railway ballast aggregate 8 from a railway ballast track line of a high-speed railway, screening to obtain the railway ballast aggregate 8 meeting the grading requirement of a special railway ballast of the high-speed railway, washing and drying the screened railway ballast to prevent flying dust from being generated in the test process and influencing the test result, uniformly filling the treated railway ballast on the surface of the railway ballast splashing test bed 1, and filling and compacting the railway ballast in a layering manner.
For further optimization the technical scheme of the utility model, the railway ballast that the wind-tunnel test platform 1 top was splashed to the railway ballast gathers materials 8's quantity, shape, material, closely knit degree isoparametric all can adjust, can realize under the different ballast bed quality state conditions, and the railway ballast splashes and takes place to develop the law and restore to and there is the test of tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. track flow field data.
Wind speed testing arrangement 9 is fixed in the middle between two and strides the sleeper model 4, includes: the wind speed testing device comprises a wind speed testing device support and a series of wind speed testing probes at different transverse and longitudinal positions, wherein the testing probes are arranged on the wind speed testing device support and are positioned above a track bed, the wind speed testing device support can be used for simultaneously testing 8 measuring points at 8cm intervals in the horizontal direction and 6 measuring points at 5cm intervals in the vertical direction, the wind speed testing device support is arranged inside the track bed, and the transverse and longitudinal positions of the wind speed testing device support can be adjusted. The test probe is connected with the electronic scanning valve through the guide pipe, so that the real-time acquisition of the flow field wind speed above the track is realized.
For further optimizing the technical scheme of the utility model, protection network 10 is fixed in 1 end of railway ballast test bench that splashes (the railway ballast test bench that splashes is located the one end of wind-tunnel export promptly), comprises the wire netting that is fixed in the wooden frame inboard, and every net side length is less than railway ballast particle average particle diameter (the embodiment of the utility model provides an in every net side length be 0.02m), wooden frame length and railway ballast test bench 1 width that splashes are the same, can prevent that the railway ballast particle from flying from the test bench in the experiment, cause the sample to lose, damage wind-tunnel laboratory fan even.
For further optimization the technical scheme of the utility model, video acquisition device 11 is located railway ballast 1 middle part directly over test bench that splashes, can acquire in real time, record experiment railway ballast sample displacement characteristic.
To sum up, the utility model provides a pair of wind-tunnel test platform that railway ballast splashes is exclusively used in simulation and analysis that high-speed railway ballast splashes, has railway roadbed, tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. shoulder, sleeper, rail and the carriage bottom appearance characteristic of tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. track circuit through accurate simulation high-speed railway, can accurate reduction high-speed railway ballast splash emergence and development process, test railway ballast flow field characteristic that splashes. By increasing or reducing the number of railway ballast aggregates between sleeper models, adjusting parameters such as the shape and the material of railway ballasts in the railway ballast aggregates between sleeper boxes, the height of ballast shoulders of a railway ballast shoulder model, and the height of a bottom model of a carriage and the top surface of a railway ballast splashing test bed, the railway ballast splashing generation and development states can be simulated under the condition of different railway bed parameters. The strength and distribution characteristics of wind speed and wind pressure in different areas on the surfaces of the track bed model, the sleeper model and the ballast shoulder model can be synchronously tested through the wind speed testing device and the wind pressure testing points, and the generation and development mechanism of the ballast splashing is obtained. Through the video acquisition device, the movement behavior of the ballast splashing in the test can be acquired in real time, the threat of the ballast splashing to testing personnel is avoided, and the test safety and accuracy are improved. Simultaneously the utility model discloses the wind-tunnel test platform that splashes of railway ballast simple structure, loading and unloading are simple and convenient, easily operation, and the test cost is lower relatively.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the figures are schematic representations of one embodiment, and the blocks or processes in the figures are not necessarily required to practice the present invention.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the components in the devices in the embodiments may be distributed in the devices in the embodiments according to the description of the embodiments, or may be correspondingly changed in one or more devices different from the embodiments. The components of the above embodiments may be combined into one component, or may be further divided into a plurality of sub-components.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a wind tunnel test platform is splashed to railway ballast which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a railway ballast splashing test bed, a test bed bracket, a high-speed train carriage bottom structure model, a sleeper model, a steel rail model, a ballast shoulder model, railway ballast aggregate and wind speed testing device;
the railway ballast splash test bed is characterized in that the railway ballast splash test bed passes through the test bed support and is respectively connected and fixed with a high-speed train carriage bottom structure model and a wind tunnel laboratory floor, the height of the test bed support is adjustable, the sleeper model is arranged in the railway ballast aggregate surface layer, the railway ballast aggregate is arranged in the railway ballast splash test bed surface, the steel rail model is fixed on the top surface of a railway sleeper model rail bearing groove, the railway ballast shoulder model is fixed on the sleeper model and the railway ballast aggregate two sides, and the wind speed testing device is fixed on the railway ballast aggregate surface layer between the sleeper models.
2. The test platform of claim 1, wherein the platform further comprises: and the protective net is fixed at one end of the railway ballast splashing test bed, which is positioned at the outlet of the wind tunnel.
3. The test platform of claim 2, wherein the protective net is made of wire netting fixed on the inner side of a wood frame, the side length of each grid is smaller than the average grain size of ballast particles, and the length of the wood frame is the same as the width of the ballast splash test bed.
4. The test platform of claim 1, wherein the platform further comprises: and the video acquisition device is positioned right above the middle part of the railway ballast splashing test bed and is used for acquiring and recording the displacement characteristics of the railway ballast sample in the test.
5. The test platform according to claim 1, wherein the test bed bracket is of a double-layer angle steel structure, a series of round holes are formed in the surface of the angle steel, an anchor rod is adopted to penetrate through the round holes, the double-layer angle steel is fixedly connected, and the height of the test bed bracket is adjusted.
6. The test platform as claimed in claim 1, wherein the structural model of the bottom of the high-speed train carriage is made of toughened glass material.
7. The test platform as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the sleeper models is multiple, the transverse distance between the centers of the sleeper models is adjustable, and a wind pressure measuring point is arranged on the surface of each sleeper model.
8. The test platform according to claim 1, wherein the ballast shoulder model is fixed on two sides of the ballast aggregate and the sleeper model, the slope of the ballast shoulder model is 1:1.75, the pile height can be adjusted to be 0cm, 5cm, 10cm or 15cm, and a wind pressure measuring point is arranged on the surface of the ballast shoulder model.
9. The test platform of claim 1, wherein the steel rail model is made of iron sheet, holes are formed in the bottoms of the front end and the rear end of the steel rail model, the steel rail model and the sleeper model are fixedly connected through anchor rods, and the shape of the steel rail model is completely consistent with that of the section of the high-speed railway steel rail.
10. The test platform of claim 1, wherein the wind speed test device is located between the two middle cross-sleeper models and comprises: the wind speed testing device comprises a wind speed testing device support and a series of wind speed testing probes at different transverse and longitudinal positions, wherein the probes are mounted on the wind speed testing device support and can test the wind speed of a point measured in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction at the same time, the wind speed testing device support is arranged inside a ballast bed, and the transverse and longitudinal positions of the wind speed testing device support can be adjusted.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112729753A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-30 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Wind tunnel combustion test system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112729753A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-30 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Wind tunnel combustion test system |
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