CN210954667U

CN210954667U - Solar photovoltaic MPPT control device controlled by expert PID

Info

Publication number: CN210954667U
Application number: CN201921814123.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡冰楠; 陈怀忠
Original assignee: Zhejiang Industry Polytechnic College
Current assignee: Zhejiang Industry Polytechnic College
Priority date: 2019-10-25
Filing date: 2019-10-25
Publication date: 2020-07-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-25

Abstract

An expert PID controlled solar photovoltaic MPPT control device belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic control. The utility model discloses a single chip microcomputer control unit, the detecting element, the execution unit, solar photovoltaic input unit and control display element, single chip microcomputer control unit includes central processing unit, the switching value module, analog input module, analog output module and expert PID controller, central processing unit connects the switching value module respectively, analog input module, analog output module and expert PID controller, analog output module is connected to expert PID controller, detecting element connects analog input module and solar photovoltaic input unit. The utility model discloses get up expert's self-adaptation PID control technique and advanced computer software, hardware technology perfect adaptation, realize the automatic optimization work of seeking of expert PID controller parameter according to single chip microcomputer control unit, have that the overshoot is little, the response is fast, advantages such as energy conversion efficiency height.

Description

Solar photovoltaic MPPT control device controlled by expert PID

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic control, specifically be a solar photovoltaic MPPT controlling means who relates to an expert PID control.

Background

With the rapid consumption of fossil fuels such as petroleum, coal, natural gas and the like, the environmental pollution and the energy crisis are increasingly aggravated, and solar energy has the characteristics of cleanness, safety, inexhaustibility and the like, and becomes one of the hot spots of new energy research. However, the solar photovoltaic module is an unstable power source, and changes of illumination, temperature and load can cause changes of the output power of the photovoltaic cell. In order to effectively utilize solar energy, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT for short) needs to be performed on the solar energy. The photovoltaic system is difficult to describe by an accurate model, a conventional PID controller is generally used in solar MPPT control at present, but parameters of the conventional PID controller do not have an online optimization function, and the control accuracy is slightly insufficient. Other algorithm controls such as a fixed voltage method neglect the influence of temperature on open-circuit voltage, and a disturbance observation method has poor anti-interference capability and high requirements on hardware. The control strategy of the solar photovoltaic MPPT controller is closely related to the solar photovoltaic conversion efficiency. Therefore, an MPPT control method based on a non-linear control strategy is sought, and the objective is to adaptively adjust parameters of a controller when the working environment of the system changes, so that the system has the capability of overcoming self uncertainty.

The expert PID controller combines the expert control with the conventional PID control, has the functions of self-tuning, self-learning and the like, can be used for describing the characteristics of a complex system, and obtains a corresponding control strategy through learning and self-organization.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model discloses solve the technical problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, provide a solar photovoltaic MPPT controlling means of expert PID control.

The above technical problem of the present invention can be solved by the following technical solutions: an expert PID controlled solar photovoltaic MPPT control device comprises a single chip microcomputer control unit, a detection unit, an execution unit, a solar photovoltaic input unit and a monitoring display unit, wherein the monitoring display unit is connected with the single chip microcomputer control unit, the single chip microcomputer control unit comprises a central processing unit, a switching value module, an analog input module, an analog output module and an expert PID controller, the central processing unit is respectively connected with the switching value module, the analog input module, the analog output module and the expert PID controller, the expert PID controller is connected with the analog output module, the detection unit is connected with the analog input module and the solar photovoltaic input unit, the execution unit comprises a PWM controller, a Boost duty ratio control circuit, a Buck DC/DC conversion circuit and a storage battery load which are sequentially connected, the PWM controller is connected with the analog output module, the Buck DC/DC direct current-direct current conversion circuit is connected with the solar photovoltaic input unit.

Preferably, the detection unit comprises an input transmitter for receiving the solar photovoltaic electric quantity signal and an output transmitter for transmitting the solar photovoltaic electric quantity signal, the input transmitter is connected with the solar photovoltaic input unit and the BuckDC/DC direct current/direct current conversion circuit, and the output transmitter is connected with the analog quantity input module.

Preferably, the solar photovoltaic input unit is a solar photovoltaic array PV.

Preferably, the monitoring display unit is a computer, and the computer is connected with the central processing unit through an ethernet.

The utility model discloses beneficial effect who has: the utility model discloses changed the PID power control mode of traditional MPPT device, got up expert's self-adaptation PID control technique and advanced computer software, hardware technology perfect adaptation, realized the automatic work of optimizing of expert PID controller parameter according to single chip microcomputer control unit, compared traditional MPPT control mode, had that the overshoot is little, the adjustment time is short, the response is fast, advantages such as energy conversion efficiency height. The utility model discloses solar photovoltaic MPPT's energy conversion efficiency has effectively been improved. The utility model discloses in, expert PID controller has combined expert's knowledge, according to the control action of the size of control error absolute value and control error absolute value variation direction decision controller, functions such as self-tuning, self-learning that have obtain corresponding control strategy through study and self-organization to make control error reduce rapidly.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a singlechip control unit; 2. a detection unit; 3. an execution unit; 4. a solar photovoltaic input unit; 5. Monitoring the display unit; 6. a central processing unit; 7. a switching value module; 8. an analog input module; 9. an analog quantity output module; 10. an expert PID controller; 11. a PWM controller; 12. a Boost duty cycle control circuit; 13. a Buck DC/DC direct current to direct current conversion circuit; 14. a battery load; 15. inputting a transmitter; 16. and outputting the transmitter.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further specifically described below by way of examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example (b): an expert PID controlled solar photovoltaic MPPT control device is shown in figure 1 and comprises a single chip microcomputer control unit 1, a detection unit 2, an execution unit 3, a solar photovoltaic input unit 4 and a monitoring display unit 5, wherein the monitoring display unit 5 is connected with the single chip microcomputer control unit 1, the single chip microcomputer control unit 1 comprises a central processing unit 6, a switching value module 7, an analog input module 8, an analog output module 9 and an expert PID controller 10, the central processing unit 6 is respectively connected with the switching value module 7, the analog input module 8, the analog output module 9 and the expert PID controller 10, the switching value module 7 is used for inputting a preset value of solar photovoltaic MPPT power, the expert PID controller 10 is connected with the analog output module 9, the detection unit 2 is connected with the analog input module 8 and the solar photovoltaic input unit 4, the execution unit 3 comprises a PWM controller 11, a Boost duty ratio control circuit 12, a Buck DC/DC direct current-to-direct current conversion circuit 13 and a storage battery load 14 which are connected in sequence, the PWM controller 11 is connected with an analog output module 9, and the Buck DC/DC direct current-to-direct current conversion circuit 13 is connected with the solar photovoltaic input unit 4.

The detection unit 2 comprises an input transmitter for receiving a solar photovoltaic electric quantity signal and an output transmitter 15 for transmitting the solar photovoltaic electric quantity signal, the input transmitter 15 is connected with the solar photovoltaic input unit 4 and the BuckDC/DC direct current-to-direct current conversion circuit 13, and the output transmitter 16 is connected with the analog quantity input module 8.

The expert PID controller 10 can simulate the control knowledge and experience of human experts, has the control knowledge of solar photovoltaic maximum power point tracking MPPT, and can determine the output action of the photovoltaic MPPT according to the magnitude of the absolute value of the control output error and the change direction of the absolute value of the control error, so that the output control error is reduced rapidly. When the temperature and the external illumination intensity are obviously changed, the expert PID controller 10 continuously adjusts PID parameters according to the deviation condition of the actual value and the preset value of the output power of the solar photovoltaic MPPT control system, the PID parameters are output to the PWM controller 11 through the analog output module 9 through a PID operation subprogram of the single chip microcomputer, the PWM controller 11 continuously optimizes and adjusts the duty ratio signal of the Boost duty ratio control circuit 12, and the conduction time of a switch tube of the Buck DC/DC direct current conversion circuit 13 is controlled by controlling the duty ratio of the Boost duty ratio control circuit 12, so that the MPPT power is output and continuously approaches to a maximum power target, and the tracking control of the solar photovoltaic MPPT is realized.

The solar photovoltaic input unit 4 is a solar photovoltaic array PV for providing solar photovoltaic energy.

The monitoring display unit 5 is a computer, and the computer is connected with the central processing unit through the Ethernet to complete the functions of field parameter setting, operation mode setting, various parameter display, operation state, alarm recording, data statistics and the like.

When the solar photovoltaic power generation device normally operates, the detection unit is used for detecting electric quantity signals such as current and voltage of the solar photovoltaic input unit in real time, converting the electric quantity signals into current signals of 4-20mA, and then transmitting the current signals to the analog quantity input module, and the analog quantity input module transmits the acquired current signals to the central processing unit; the central processing unit utilizes the expert PID controller to process signals, the expert PID controller forms accurate control quantity according to expert base knowledge and functions of self-tuning, self-learning and the like, the accurate control quantity is output to the PWM controller through the analog quantity output module, the PWM controller continuously optimizes and adjusts duty ratio signals of the Boost duty ratio control circuit, and the conduction time of a switch tube of the Buck DC/DC direct current conversion circuit is controlled by controlling the duty ratio of the Boost duty ratio control circuit, so that MPPT power is output and continuously approaches to a maximum power target, the maximum power is output to a storage battery load, and the purpose of improving the solar photovoltaic MPPT energy conversion efficiency is achieved.

To sum up, the utility model discloses changed the PID power control mode of traditional MPPT device, got up expert's self-adaptation PID control technique and advanced computer software, hardware technology perfect adaptation, realized the automatic work of optimizing of expert PID controller parameter according to single chip microcomputer control unit, compared traditional MPPT control mode, had that the overshoot is little, the adjustment time is short, the response is fast, energy conversion is efficient advantage such as high. The utility model discloses solar photovoltaic MPPT's energy conversion efficiency has effectively been improved. The utility model discloses in, expert PID controller has combined expert's knowledge, according to the control action of the size of control error absolute value and control error absolute value variation direction decision controller, functions such as self-tuning, self-learning that have obtain corresponding control strategy through study and self-organization to make control error reduce rapidly.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely representative examples of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and many modifications are possible. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An expert PID controlled solar photovoltaic MPPT control device comprises a single chip microcomputer control unit, a detection unit, an execution unit, a solar photovoltaic input unit and a monitoring display unit, and is characterized in that the monitoring display unit is connected with the single chip microcomputer control unit, the single chip microcomputer control unit comprises a central processing unit, a switching value module, an analog input module, an analog output module and an expert PID controller, the central processing unit is respectively connected with the switching value module, the analog input module, the analog output module and the expert PID controller, the expert PID controller is connected with the analog output module, the detection unit is connected with the analog input module and the solar photovoltaic input unit, the execution unit comprises a PWM controller, a Boost duty ratio control circuit, a Buck DC/DC direct current conversion circuit and a storage battery load which are sequentially connected, the PWM controller is connected with the analog quantity output module, and the Buck DC/DC direct current-to-direct current conversion circuit is connected with the solar photovoltaic input unit.

2. The expert PID controlled solar photovoltaic MPPT control device of claim 1, wherein the detection unit comprises an input transducer for receiving a solar photovoltaic electric quantity signal and an output transducer for transmitting the solar photovoltaic electric quantity signal, the input transducer is connected with a solar photovoltaic input unit and a Buck DC/DC direct current to direct current conversion circuit, and the output transducer is connected with an analog input module.

3. The expert PID controlled solar photovoltaic MPPT control device of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the solar photovoltaic input unit is a solar photovoltaic array PV.

4. The expert PID controlled solar photovoltaic MPPT control device of claim 1, wherein the monitoring display unit is a computer, and the computer is connected with the central processing unit through Ethernet.