CN210856290U - Continuous copper smelting equipment - Google Patents
Continuous copper smelting equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN210856290U CN210856290U CN201921337656.7U CN201921337656U CN210856290U CN 210856290 U CN210856290 U CN 210856290U CN 201921337656 U CN201921337656 U CN 201921337656U CN 210856290 U CN210856290 U CN 210856290U
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Abstract
The continuous copper smelting equipment comprises a smelting furnace and a converting furnace, wherein the smelting furnace is connected with the converting furnace through a connecting chute, the smelting furnace comprises a smelting furnace body and a slag discharging chamber arranged on one side of the smelting furnace body, according to the forming position of a smelting reaction product, the interior of the smelting furnace body is divided into a matte layer area and a slag layer area which are arranged from bottom to top, a slag discharging port of the slag discharging chamber is arranged at the height which is 800-1200mm higher than the matte layer area, a primary blast port and a secondary blast port are arranged in the smelting furnace body, the primary blast port is arranged on the slag layer area and is at the height which is 300-600mm away from the top of the slag layer area, and the secondary blast port is arranged above the slag layer area. The embodiment of the utility model provides a can eliminate the "diaphragm" that produces in the smelting furnace, the smelting furnace can produce high-grade matte.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of metal smelting, in particular to a continuous copper smelting device and a copper smelting method.
Background
At present, the world copper smelting technology is developing towards short flow and continuous, and continuous blowing requires that the grade of matte needs to be improved to 70-75%, namely the copper content reaches 70-75%, otherwise, the slag content in blowing is too large, so that the direct yield of blown products is influenced, and further the factory benefit is influenced.
The smelting furnace in the prior art adopts a side blowing mode to carry out primary blasting and secondary blasting, and a slag layer generated in the modeThe thickness is generally 1300-1800mm, and the thickness of the slag layer is larger. And, Fe due to high matte grade3O4More easily produced, especially Fe under the condition of side-blown thick slag layer3O4A ferroferric oxide layer (commonly called as a diaphragm) is more easily separated out between the matte layer and the slag layer, the temperature is reduced in the melt sedimentation process, and Fe is easily separated out after the temperature is reduced3O4，Fe3O4The viscosity is high, once a ferroferric oxide layer is formed, copper matte is difficult to sink to the bottom of the furnace through the ferroferric oxide layer to influence copper slag separation, and therefore the smelting process is influenced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a continuous copper smelting facility and a copper smelting method, aiming at the problem that a tri-iron tetroxide layer is easy to precipitate when the grade of matte is improved and the separation of copper slag is influenced in the prior art.
A continuous copper smelting device comprises a smelting furnace and a converting furnace, wherein the smelting furnace and the converting furnace are connected through a connecting chute, the smelting furnace comprises a smelting furnace body and a slag discharging chamber arranged on one side of the smelting furnace body, the interior of the smelting furnace body is divided into an matte layer area and a slag layer area which are arranged from bottom to top according to the forming position of a smelting reaction product, a slag discharging port of the slag discharging chamber is arranged at the height which is 800-1200mm higher than the matte layer area, a primary blast port and a secondary blast port are arranged in the smelting furnace body, the primary blast port is arranged on the slag layer area and is at the height which is 300-600mm away from the top of the slag layer area, and the secondary blast port is arranged above the slag layer area.
Further, the above continuous copper smelting apparatus, wherein the primary tuyere and the secondary tuyere are horizontally arranged on a side wall of the furnace body.
Further, the continuous copper smelting equipment comprises a converting furnace body and a plurality of converting oxygen-enriched air spray pipes arranged at the top of the converting furnace body.
Further, in the continuous copper smelting equipment, the converting oxygen-enriched air spray pipe is a Laval spray pipe.
Further, according to the continuous copper smelting equipment, the converting oxygen-enriched air spray pipe extends to a position 2-3 m away from the liquid level of the melt in the converting furnace body.
Further, the continuous copper smelting equipment is characterized in that the deslagging chamber is separated from the smelting furnace body through a water-cooling partition wall, and the water-cooling partition wall is spaced from the bottom of the smelting furnace body so that the deslagging chamber is communicated with the bottom of the smelting furnace body.
Further, the continuous copper smelting equipment is characterized in that a plurality of rows of primary tuyeres are arranged on the smelting furnace body and are positioned at different heights on the smelting furnace body, and each primary tuyere is provided with a detachable water jacket.
Further, in the continuous copper smelting equipment, a plurality of slag discharge ports are arranged on the slag discharge chamber from bottom to top, and each slag discharge port is provided with a detachable water jacket
In the embodiment of the utility model, the slag discharge port is arranged at a height higher than 800-1200mm of the ice copper layer, so that the thickness of the slag layer can be controlled. In addition, the height of the primary tuyere is arranged at a distance of 300-600mm away from the top of the slag layer, so that oxygen-enriched air blown in by the primary tuyere can fully react with mixed copper concentrate to generate copper matte and slag, and simultaneously, the mechanical stirring of the melt by the airflow of the primary tuyere is utilized to eliminate Fe3O4The diaphragm is used for smoothly separating copper slag, the smelting process is smoothly carried out, and high-grade matte containing 70-75% of copper is produced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a continuous copper metallurgy apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a converting furnace according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a melting furnace according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main elements
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiment of the invention is given in the attached drawings. The invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, this embodiment is provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Example 1
Please refer to fig. 1, which is the continuous copper smelting apparatus in the first embodiment of the present invention, including a smelting furnace and a converting furnace, the smelting furnace and the converting furnace are connected through a connecting chute 30, the smelting furnace is used for smelting the thrown raw materials, such as copper concentrate, quartz flux, lump coal and other return materials, etc. under the smelting condition to generate copper matte, the density of the copper matte layer 60 formed after the reaction of the raw materials is mostly settled at the bottom of the smelting furnace, the slag layer 40 generated in the reaction process is located above the copper matte layer, the reaction generates the magnetite layer 50 located between the copper matte layer and the slag layer, because the magnetite yield is very small compared with the copper matte and the slag, the thickness can be ignored. The smelting furnace body can be divided into a matte layer area and a slag layer area which are arranged from bottom to top according to the generation position of a smelting reaction product. The copper matte at the bottom is discharged by means of siphoning through a connecting chute into a converting furnace for converting the copper matte to produce blister copper.
The melting furnace includes a furnace body 10 and a slagging chamber 14 provided at one side of the furnace body 10. This smelting furnace body 10 adopts the outer wall that refractory material and copper water jacket designed, and the top of smelting furnace body 10 is provided with a plurality of charge door 11, and one side at this smelting furnace body 10 top is provided with flue 17. The deslagging chamber 14 is arranged at the side of the smelting furnace body 10 and is adjacent to the flue 17, a water-cooling partition wall 16 is arranged between the deslagging chamber 14 and the smelting furnace body 10, and the deslagging chamber 14 is separated from the smelting furnace body 10 through the water-cooling partition wall 16. The water-cooled partition wall 16 is internally cooled by a copper water jacket, and is externally covered with a refractory material for heat insulation. The water cooled partition wall 16 is spaced from the bottom of the furnace body 10 so that the slag discharge chamber 14 is in communication with the bottom of the furnace body 10. The slag discharging chamber 14 is connected with the bottom of the smelting furnace body 10 and is on the same horizontal plane, the accommodating volume of the smelting furnace body 10 can be increased through the design, and the structural design is more reasonable.
The upper end of the slag discharging chamber 14 is provided with a slag discharging port 15, slag generated after reaction of raw materials of the smelting furnace body 10 floats at the uppermost end and is discharged through the slag discharging port 15, the slag discharging port 15 is arranged at a height of 800-1200mm (h1) higher than a matte layer region, in the specific implementation, the thickness of the matte layer 60 can be calculated according to the amount of the fed raw materials and the productivity, so as to determine the position of the matte layer region, specifically, the matte thickness h is calculated by the formula of (M × t)/(rho × A), wherein M is the yield of matte, t is the storage time of the matte (generally calculated by 2-4 hours), rho is the density of the matte, and A is the area of a furnace bed.
A primary tuyere 12 and a secondary tuyere 13 are provided in the furnace body 10, and the primary tuyere 12 is horizontally arranged on the side wall of the furnace body 10, and blows air into the furnace body in a side blowing manner, respectively. The three-way pipe, the wind branch pipe and the wind main pipe are externally connected with the wind nozzles of the primary tuyere 12 and the secondary tuyere 13 to form a complete oxygen-enriched air supply system.
The primary tuyere 12 is arranged at the height of 300-600mm (h2) from the top of the slag layer area, namely the primary tuyere is 600mm from the slag discharge outlet 300-600 mm. The secondary tuyere 13 is arranged above the slag layer, part of unreacted elemental sulfur and CO generated by incomplete combustion of lump coal in the smelting furnace body 10 escape from the melt and are in contact with air blown by the secondary tuyere to react completely to generate SO2And CO2Flue gases and are discharged from the flue 17.
The existing copper smelting technology is mature, and the yield of the matte can be calculated, so that the thickness of the generated matte layer can be calculated for a smelting furnace with a fixed volume when the input raw materials and the output capacity are determined. Therefore, the position of the matte layer region can be determined from the thickness of the generated matte layer, the position of the slag tap hole 15 is designed, and the position of the top of the slag layer can be determined from the position of the slag tap hole 15, so that the position of the primary tuyere 12 can be determined.
In this embodiment, the slag discharge port 15 is disposed at a height of 800-1200mm higher than the matte layer, so that the thickness of the slag layer can be controlled. In addition, the height of the primary tuyere 12 is arranged at a distance of 300-600mm away from the top of the slag layer, so that oxygen-enriched air with oxygen content of 70-85% is blown into the primary tuyere 12 and can fully react with the mixed copper concentrate to generate copper matte and slag, and simultaneously, the mechanical stirring of the airflow of the primary tuyere 12 on the melt is utilized to eliminate Fe3O4The diaphragm is used for smoothly separating copper slag, the smelting process is smoothly carried out, and high-grade matte containing 70-75% of copper is produced.
Further, as another practical mode of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the converting furnace includes a converting furnace body 20, a flux inlet 23 disposed at the top of the converting furnace body 20, a stub charging hole 24 and a plurality of converting oxygen-enriched air nozzles 21. A blowing slag discharge port 26 is formed above one side of the converting furnace body 20, and blowing slag in the converting process is periodically discharged in an overflowing manner through the blowing slag discharge port 26. The flux inlet 23 is used for adding lime flux into the converting furnace, and the anode scrap inlet 24 is used for feeding anode scrap. The blowing oxygen-enriched air nozzle 21 adds oxygen-enriched air into the blowing furnace in a top blowing mode, and the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched air is 21-30% of oxygen content for example.
The converting oxygen-enriched air nozzle 21 adopts a Laval nozzle, specifically, the front half part of the converting oxygen-enriched air nozzle 21 is contracted from big to small to the middle to a narrow throat, and the narrow throat is expanded from small to big. The Laval nozzles are adopted, so that the oxygen-enriched air can reach supersonic speed after leaving each nozzle and is sprayed into the converting furnace body, and the air speed of the oxygen-enriched air can reach 360m/s after leaving each nozzle. The oxygen-enriched air has a violent stirring effect on the melt and reacts with iron and sulfur in the matte melt to generate high-quality crude copper with the copper content of not less than 99 percent and the sulfur content of not more than 0.05 percent and blowing slag with the copper content of not more than 40 percent under the combined action of the oxygen-enriched air and the flux. The generated blister copper has high specific gravity, sinks at the bottom of the furnace body, can be periodically discharged through a blister copper discharge port in a siphon mode and enters an anode furnace for refining. SO-containing products of converting reactions2The high-temperature flue gas is discharged from the flue gas outlet and is sent to the subsequent process for treatment.
The number N of the converting oxygen-enriched air spray pipes is determined according to the oxygen consumption required by the reaction, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
N＝K×(QCu+QFe+QS) V (Q ×η), where K is the correction factor, QCuTheoretical oxygen consumption, Q, required for the oxidation of the copper element in the slagFeTheoretical oxygen consumption, Q, required for the slagging reaction of the iron element in the matteSThe theoretical oxygen consumption required by the sulfur element reaction in the entering flue gas, q is the air output of a single nozzle, and η is the oxygen-enriched concentration, which is 21-30%.
Wherein the value of the correction coefficient K is within the range of 0.9-1.1, the oxygen-enriched concentration η is the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched air actually used by the converting furnace, and the value is within the range of 21-30%.
The blowing oxygen-enriched air spray pipes with proper quantity can ensure that the copper matte in the blowing furnace can fully react to generate high-quality crude copper.
Furthermore, the converting oxygen-enriched air spray pipe extends to a distance of 2-3 m from the melt liquid level of the converting furnace. The design can lead the spray pipe to be far away from the liquid level, prevent the spray gun from hanging slag and lead the weight to exceed the capacity of hanging the spray gun equipment, thereby greatly improving the service life of the converting spray gun.
The converting oxygen-enriched air spray pipe in the embodiment adopts the Laval spray pipe to realize supersonic airflow, greatly improves the speed of the airflow sprayed by the spray pipe, and achieves the purpose of fully stirring the liquid in the converting furnace.
Example 2
Further, in order to adapt to different amounts of raw materials, the positions of the slag discharge port 15 and the primary tuyere 12 are adjustable in the second embodiment of the present invention. That is, the slag discharging chamber 14 is provided with a plurality of slag discharging ports 15, and the plurality of slag discharging ports 15 are provided from the top to the bottom, so that the slag in the slag discharging chamber 14 can be discharged from outlets at different height positions, and the slag discharging position can be adjusted adaptively according to the change of the productivity. As shown in fig. 3, two slag tap holes 15 are provided in the present embodiment, and each slag tap hole 15 is provided with a detachable water jacket, which is opened when a slag tap hole of a certain height is used, and the other slag tap holes are closed by the water jacket.
The smelting furnace is provided with a plurality of rows of primary tuyeres 12 from top to bottom, each primary tuyere 12 is provided with a water jacket for protection, and a wind hole can be plugged by a drill rod to prevent the melt from overflowing. In this embodiment, two rows of primary tuyeres with different heights are arranged on the smelting furnace to meet the primary blast requirements at different production rates.
The other aspect of the utility model also provides a continuous copper smelting method, which is applied to the continuous copper smelting equipment and comprises the steps S1-S6.
And step S1, mixing the raw materials containing the copper concentrate, the quartz agent and the lump coal, and adding the mixture into the smelting furnace body from the charging hole of the smelting furnace. Wherein the usage amount of the quartz sand is 2: 1 the addition is controlled to meet the reaction conditions of the raw materials.
And step S2, calculating the thickness of the matte layer according to the productivity, and determining the position of the matte layer area.
And step S3, arranging the slag discharge outlet at a height of 800-1200mm higher than the matte layer area, and arranging the primary blast outlet at a height of 600-300 mm away from the top of the slag layer area.
And step S4, blowing oxygen-enriched air containing 70-85% of oxygen through the primary blast port, enabling the raw materials and the oxygen to quickly react to generate matte and sink to the lower part of the smelting furnace body, and discharging the matte at the lower part of the smelting furnace body to the converting furnace through the connecting chute in a siphoning mode.
Wherein the smelting temperature is 1200-1250 ℃, and the blowing rates of the primary tuyere and the secondary tuyere can be respectively 250-300 m/s and 20-30 m/s.
Oxygen-enriched air with oxygen content of 70-85% is blown in through a primary tuyere and chemically reacts with the mixed copper concentrate to generate matte and slag, and simultaneously, the mechanical stirring of primary air on the melt is utilized to eliminate Fe3O4The diaphragm is used for smoothly separating copper slag, the smelting process is smoothly carried out, and high-grade matte containing 70-75% of copper is produced.
The matte and the smelting slag generated after the smelting reaction can be naturally layered due to different specific gravities, the specific gravity of the slag slightly floats above the melt, enters a slag chamber through a water-cooling partition wall, and then is continuously overflowed and discharged through a slag discharge port. The specific gravity of the copper matte is high, and meanwhile, the copper matte can be smoothly deposited at the bottom of the smelting furnace body and is continuously discharged through a copper matte discharge port in a siphoning mode due to the elimination of a diaphragm layer, and the copper matte is continuously added into the converting furnace through a connecting chute between the smelting furnace and the converting furnace.
And step S5, continuously adding lime flux from a flux adding port at the top of the converting furnace, simultaneously spraying oxygen-enriched air containing 21-30% of oxygen through a Laval nozzle arranged at the top of the converting furnace, and carrying out continuous converting reaction on furnace charge in the converting furnace and oxygen to generate blister copper and converting slag.
And continuously adding lime flux from a flux adding port at the top of the converting furnace, wherein the content of calcium oxide in the lime flux is 40-60%, and simultaneously spraying oxygen-enriched air containing 21-30% of oxygen through a converting oxygen-enriched air spray pipe arranged at the top of the converting furnace. The oxygen-enriched air blowing nozzles adopt a Laval nozzle technology, so that oxygen-enriched air is sprayed into a furnace body at a supersonic speed after leaving each nozzle, melts are stirred and fully contacted, and high-quality crude copper with the copper content of more than or equal to 99 percent and the sulfur content of less than or equal to 0.05 percent is generated under the combined action of the oxygen-enriched air and the melts. Secondly, the blowing reaction temperature is 1220-1250 ℃.
And step S6, depositing the raw copper with high specific gravity at the bottom of the furnace body, boiling a raw copper discharge port by an oxygen pipe every 4-6 hours, discharging the raw copper in a siphon mode, and refining the raw copper in an anode furnace.
And step S7, opening a converting slag discharge port of the converting furnace every 3-5 hours, discharging the converting slag in an overflow mode, and returning the converting slag to the smelting furnace for secondary smelting after air quenching and cooling.
Crude copper and converting slag generated after converting reaction can be naturally layered due to different specific gravity, the specific gravity of the converting slag slightly floats above the melt, and the converting slag is periodically overflowed and discharged through a converting slag discharge port and can be put into a smelting furnace for secondary smelting.
The continuous copper smelting method of the present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples.
Example 3
The following raw materials in percentage by weight are put into a smelting furnace: 92.4% of mixed copper concentrate, 3.33% of slag concentrate, 0.6% of converting slag, 0.36% of smoke dust, 2.86% of quartz sand, 0.3% of lump coal and 0.15% of other return materials. Wherein the mixed copper concentrate contains 21 percent of copper, 27 percent of sulfur and 27 percent of iron, and enters a smelting furnace through a charging hole at the top of the smelting furnace after being transported by a rubber belt, and the total feeding amount is 200 t/h.
The thickness of the matte layer is 1000mm, the slag discharge port is arranged at a height 1000mm higher than the matte layer, the height of the primary tuyere is arranged at a height 400mm away from the upper part of the slag layer, and oxygen-enriched air containing 80% of oxygen is blown in through the primary tuyere.
The sulfur and iron in the raw materials and oxygen undergo a strong oxidation reaction at a reaction temperature of 1200 ℃. A large amount of chemical reaction heat is released in the chemical reaction to maintain heat balance, when the heat is insufficient, the heat is supplemented by the combustion heat of the lump coal, part of unreacted elemental sulfur and CO generated by incomplete combustion of the lump coal escape out of the melt and are in contact with air blown in by a secondary air port to react completely to generate SO2And CO2And enters into the flue gas. The high-grade matte containing 75% of copper is produced after the reaction, the product ferrous oxide of the reaction of iron and oxygen reacts with quartz sand to generate smelting slag, the copper content of the smelting slag is 2.5%, and the iron-silicon ratio in the slag is 2.0. The matte and the smelting slag generated after the smelting reaction can be naturally layered due to different specific gravities, the specific gravity of the slag slightly floats above the melt, and the slag enters a slag chamber through a water-cooling partition wall for discharging.
The high-grade matte has high specific gravity, is sunk at the bottom of the furnace body, is continuously discharged through a matte discharge port in a siphoning mode, and is continuously added into the converting furnace by utilizing the height difference through a connecting chute between the smelting furnace and the converting furnace.
Lime flux with CaO content of 40% is continuously added from a flux adding port at the top of the converting furnace, and oxygen-enriched air containing 25% of oxygen is sprayed through a Laval nozzle arranged at the top of the converting furnace, and the converting temperature is 1200 ℃. After the oxygen-enriched air leaves each spray pipe, the air speed reaches 360m/s, the oxygen-enriched air has a violent stirring effect on the melt and reacts with iron and sulfur in the copper matte to generate high-quality blister copper containing 99 percent of copper and 0.05 percent of sulfur; the product of the reaction of iron and oxygen, iron oxide, reacts with the lime flux to produce converting slag containing 40% copper.
And (4) opening a crude copper discharge port by using an oxygen pipe every 4 hours, discharging the crude copper in a siphoning mode, and refining in an anode furnace. And opening a converting slag discharge port of the converting furnace every 3 hours, discharging the converting slag in an overflow mode, and returning the converting slag as a return material to the smelting furnace for secondary smelting after air quenching and cooling.
Example 4
The following raw materials in percentage by weight are put into a smelting furnace: 90% of mixed copper concentrate, 3.5% of slag concentrate, 0.5% of converting slag, 0.4% of smoke dust, 2.9% of quartz sand, 0.3% of lump coal and 0.15% of other return materials. Wherein the mixed copper concentrate contains 20.5 percent of copper, 26 percent of sulfur and 27 percent of iron, and enters the smelting furnace through a charging hole at the top of the smelting furnace after being transported by a rubber belt, and the total feeding amount is 200 t/h.
The thickness of the matte layer is 980mm, the slag discharge port is arranged at the height of 800mm higher than the matte layer, the height of the primary tuyere is arranged at the height of 300mm away from the upper part of the slag layer, and oxygen-enriched air containing 70 percent of oxygen is blown in through the primary tuyere.
Under the smelting reaction temperature of 1220 ℃, sulfur and iron in the raw materials and oxygen undergo a strong oxidation reaction, and high-grade matte containing 70% of copper is produced after the reaction.
The high-grade copper matte is continuously discharged through a copper matte discharge port in a siphoning mode and is continuously added into the converting furnace through a connecting chute between the smelting furnace and the converting furnace.
Lime flux with the CaO content of 54% is added from a flux adding port at the top of the converting furnace, meanwhile, oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen content of 21% is sprayed through a Laval nozzle arranged at the top of the converting furnace, and the oxygen-enriched air reacts for 8 hours at the converting temperature of 1220 ℃ to generate high-quality crude copper containing 99.2% of copper and 0.045% of sulfur and converting slag containing 30% of copper.
And (4) opening a crude copper discharge port by using an oxygen pipe every 5 hours, discharging the crude copper in a siphoning mode, and refining in an anode furnace. And opening a converting slag discharge port of the converting furnace every 4 hours, discharging the converting slag in an overflow mode, and returning the converting slag to the smelting furnace for secondary smelting after air quenching and cooling.
Example 5
The following raw materials in percentage by weight are put into a smelting furnace: 85% of mixed copper concentrate, 3.5% of slag concentrate, 0.43% of converting slag, 0.4% of smoke dust, 2.9% of quartz sand, 0.3% of lump coal and 0.15% of other return materials. Wherein the mixed copper concentrate contains 20% of copper, 25% of sulfur and 26% of iron, and enters the smelting furnace through a charging hole at the top of the smelting furnace after being transported by a rubber belt, and the total feeding amount is 200 t/h.
The thickness of the matte layer is 985mm, the slag discharge port is arranged at a height 1200mm higher than the matte layer, the height of the primary tuyere is arranged at a height 600mm away from the upper part of the slag layer, and oxygen-enriched air with oxygen content of 85 percent is blown in through the primary tuyere.
At the reaction temperature of 1250 ℃, sulfur and iron in the raw materials and oxygen undergo continuous and strong oxidation reaction, and high-grade matte containing 75 percent of copper is produced after the reaction.
The high-grade copper matte is continuously discharged through a copper matte discharge port in a siphoning mode and is continuously added into the converting furnace through a connecting chute between the smelting furnace and the converting furnace.
Lime flux with CaO content of 90% is added from a flux adding port at the top of the converting furnace, meanwhile, oxygen-enriched air containing oxygen of 30% is sprayed through a Laval nozzle arranged at the top of the converting furnace, and continuous reaction is carried out at the converting temperature of 1250 ℃ to generate high-quality blister copper containing 99.5% of copper and 0.04% of sulfur and converting slag containing 35% of copper.
And (4) opening a crude copper discharge port by using an oxygen pipe every 6 hours, discharging the crude copper in a siphoning mode, and refining in an anode furnace. And opening a converting slag discharge port of the converting furnace every 5 hours, discharging the converting slag in an overflow mode, and returning the converting slag to the smelting furnace for secondary smelting after air quenching and cooling.
As a comparison experiment, the positions of a slag discharge port and a primary tuyere are adjusted, and the grade of matte and the quality of blister copper obtained by the comparison experiment are not ideal, particularly as in comparative example 1 and comparative example 2.
Comparative example 1
The following raw materials are put into a smelting furnace: 92% of mixed copper concentrate, 3.5% of slag concentrate, 0.55% of converting slag, 0.4% of smoke dust, 3% of quartz sand, 0.3% of lump coal and 0.15% of other return materials. Wherein the mixed copper concentrate contains 20.5 percent of copper, 26 percent of sulfur and 27 percent of iron, and enters the smelting furnace through a charging hole at the top of the smelting furnace after being transported by a rubber belt, and the total feeding amount is 200 t/h.
The thickness of the matte layer is 985mm, the slag discharge port is arranged at the height of 700mm higher than the matte layer, the height of the primary tuyere is arranged at the height of 200mm away from the upper part of the slag layer, and oxygen-enriched air containing 70 percent of oxygen is blown in through the primary tuyere.
At the smelting reaction temperature of 1220 ℃, the sulfur and iron in the raw materials and oxygen undergo a strong oxidation reaction, and matte containing 68% of copper and smelting slag containing 4.5% of copper are produced after the reaction.
The high-grade copper matte is continuously discharged through a copper matte discharge port in a siphoning mode and is continuously added into the converting furnace through a connecting chute between the smelting furnace and the converting furnace.
Lime flux with the CaO content of 54% is added from a flux adding port at the top of the converting furnace, meanwhile, oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen content of 21% is sprayed through a Laval nozzle arranged at the top of the converting furnace, and the oxygen-enriched air reacts for 8 hours at the converting temperature of 1220 ℃ to generate crude copper containing 95% of copper and 0.15% of sulfur and converting slag containing 45% of copper.
And (4) opening a crude copper discharge port by using an oxygen pipe every 5 hours, discharging the crude copper in a siphoning mode, and refining in an anode furnace. And opening a converting slag discharge port of the converting furnace every 4 hours, discharging the converting slag in an overflow mode, and returning the converting slag to the smelting furnace for secondary smelting after air quenching and cooling.
Comparative example 2
The following raw materials are put into a smelting furnace: 93% of mixed copper concentrate, 4% of slag concentrate, 0.6% of converting slag, 0.36% of smoke dust, 3% of quartz sand, 0.3% of lump coal and 0.15% of other return materials. Wherein the mixed copper concentrate contains 21.5 percent of copper, 27 percent of sulfur and 27 percent of iron, and enters the smelting furnace through a charging hole at the top of the smelting furnace after being transported by a rubber belt, and the total feeding amount is 200 t/h.
The thickness of the matte layer is 990mm, the slag discharge port is arranged at a height 1300mm higher than the matte layer, the height of the primary tuyere is arranged at a height 700mm away from the upper part of the slag layer, and oxygen-enriched air containing 70% of oxygen is blown in through the primary tuyere.
Under the smelting reaction temperature of 1220 ℃, the sulfur and iron in the raw materials and oxygen undergo a strong oxidation reaction, and matte containing 60% of copper is produced after the reaction.
The high-grade copper matte is continuously discharged through a copper matte discharge port in a siphoning mode and is continuously added into the converting furnace through a connecting chute between the smelting furnace and the converting furnace.
Lime flux with the CaO content of 54% is added from a flux adding port at the top of the converting furnace, meanwhile, oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen content of 21% is sprayed through a Laval nozzle arranged at the top of the converting furnace, and the oxygen-enriched air reacts for 8 hours at the converting temperature of 1220 ℃ to generate crude copper containing 90% of copper and 0.25% of sulfur and converting slag containing 50% of copper.
And (4) opening a crude copper discharge port by using an oxygen pipe every 5 hours, discharging the crude copper in a siphoning mode, and refining in an anode furnace. And opening a converting slag discharge port of the converting furnace every 4 hours, discharging the converting slag in an overflow mode, and returning the converting slag to the smelting furnace for secondary smelting after air quenching and cooling.
The copper content of matte and the copper content of blister copper from examples 3 to 5, and comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are as shown in the following table 1 in relation to the position of the melt-in discharge port and the primary tuyere.
TABLE 1
From table 1, the embodiment of the utility model provides a continuous copper smelting method realizes realizing continuous production from copper concentrate to blister copper to owing to eliminate the "diaphragm membrane" that produces in the smelting furnace, the smelting furnace can produce the high-grade matte of copper-containing 70 ~ 75%, has improved the grade of matte, and converting furnace output copper-containing > 99% simultaneously contains sulphur < 0.05% high-quality blister copper.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A continuous copper smelting device comprises a smelting furnace and a converting furnace, wherein the smelting furnace and the converting furnace are connected through a connecting chute, the smelting furnace comprises a smelting furnace body and a slag discharging chamber arranged on one side of the smelting furnace body, and the interior of the smelting furnace body is divided into an matte layer area and a slag layer area which are arranged from bottom to top according to the forming position of a smelting reaction product.
2. The continuous copper smelting plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary tuyeres and secondary tuyeres are arranged horizontally on the side walls of the furnace body.
3. The continuous copper smelting plant of claim 1, wherein the converting furnace includes a converting furnace body and a plurality of converting oxygen enriched air lances disposed at a top of the converting furnace body.
4. A continuous copper smelting plant as claimed in claim 3 wherein the converting oxygen enriched air lance is a laval lance.
5. The continuous copper smelting equipment according to claim 4, wherein the converting oxygen-enriched air nozzle extends to a distance of 2-3 m from the melt liquid level inside the converting furnace body.
6. The continuous copper smelting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the slagging chamber is separated from the smelting furnace body by a water-cooled partition wall which is spaced from the bottom of the smelting furnace body to communicate the slagging chamber with the bottom of the smelting furnace body.
7. The continuous copper smelting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of rows of primary tuyeres are provided on the furnace body at different heights on the furnace body, each primary tuyeres being provided with a detachable water jacket.
8. The continuous copper smelting plant according to claim 1, wherein the slag discharge chamber is provided with a plurality of slag discharge ports from bottom to top, and each slag discharge port is provided with a detachable water jacket.
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| CN110629036A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-12-31 | 中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司 | Continuous copper smelting equipment and copper smelting method |
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| CN110629036A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-12-31 | 中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司 | Continuous copper smelting equipment and copper smelting method |
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