CN210640360U

CN210640360U - Wide-angle radiation microstrip patch antenna

Info

Publication number: CN210640360U
Application number: CN201922278463.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董建明
Original assignee: CETC 54 Research Institute
Current assignee: CETC 54 Research Institute
Priority date: 2019-12-18
Filing date: 2019-12-18
Publication date: 2020-05-29
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-18

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wide-angle radiation microstrip patch antenna, which belongs to the field of antenna mapping, and comprises a lower dielectric plate and an upper dielectric plate, wherein the upper dielectric plate is positioned right above the lower dielectric plate, and a communication cavity filled with air is formed between the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate; the upper surface of the lower dielectric plate is provided with a lower rectangular microstrip patch, four parasitic radiation rectangular patches extending upwards are uniformly distributed on the lower rectangular microstrip patch, and the parasitic radiation rectangular patches are electrically connected with the side edge of the lower rectangular microstrip patch. The utility model discloses an antenna structure is simple, compact, and can satisfy the wide angle circular polarization radiation requirement of broadband, and this antenna satisfies the little size requirement of electricity simultaneously, can regard as phased array antenna's radiating element.

Description

Wide-angle radiation microstrip patch antenna

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a wide angle radiation patch antenna in the antenna measurement and control field such as communication, navigation, measurement and control, radar measurement and control.

Background

The circularly polarized antenna is widely applied to communication, navigation, measurement and control systems at present, has the characteristics of resisting interference and inhibiting electromagnetic wave multipath effect, mainly has the following structural forms, and has certain defects in performance although the circularly polarized antenna has various characteristics.

1. Corner cut circular polarization microstrip antenna: the antenna in the form has a simple structure and a low profile, but the axial ratio and the standing wave bandwidth of the antenna are less than 2%.

2. The axis ratio and standing wave bandwidth of the circularly polarized microstrip antenna form externally connected with the circularly polarized bridge are wider, the axis ratio bandwidth of the microstrip antenna is usually less than 3dB and is more than 15%, the standing wave bandwidth of the microstrip antenna is less than 2 and is more than 20%, but the externally connected circularly polarized bridge occupies larger space, is long in feeder line and has larger difference loss, and is not beneficial to the integrated design of the antenna and the network.

3. The waveguide structure circularly polarized antenna has high radiation efficiency, the axial ratio is less than 3dB, the bandwidth is more than 15%, but the feed network occupies larger space and has a heavy structure, and the design of the low profile of the antenna is not facilitated.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses aim at realizes circular polarization radiation, the circular polarization radiation bandwidth of widening in the antenna design, the technological problem such as beam widening, the new microstrip antenna form that proposes, this kind of antenna is more fit for being applied to and requires wide angle circular polarization radiation antenna communication, use among navigation, the system of observing and controling, possesses antenna impedance, axial ratio bandwidth width, simple structure, compactness, with low costs, can realize the wide angle radiation of antenna, characteristics such as feed structure and radiation paster integrated design.

The utility model discloses a 1 that realizes like this a wide angle radiation microstrip patch antenna, including lower floor's dielectric plate 2, its characterized in that: the air-filled communication cavity is characterized by further comprising an upper dielectric plate 1, wherein the upper dielectric plate 1 is positioned right above the lower dielectric plate 2, and a communication cavity filled with air is formed between the upper dielectric plate 1 and the lower dielectric plate 2;

the upper surface of the lower dielectric plate 2 is provided with a lower rectangular microstrip patch, four parasitic radiation rectangular patches 4 extending upwards are uniformly distributed on the lower rectangular microstrip patch, and the parasitic radiation rectangular patches 4 are electrically connected with the side edges of the lower rectangular microstrip patch.

Furthermore, the parasitic radiation rectangular patch 4 is a metal sheet.

Furthermore, the plane of the parasitic radiation rectangular patch 4 is perpendicular to the plane of the lower dielectric plate 2.

Furthermore, an upper rectangular microstrip patch is arranged on the upper surface of the upper dielectric plate 1, and the lower rectangular microstrip patch is opposite to the upper rectangular microstrip patch.

Furthermore, any two of the lower rectangular microstrip patches are opposite to the corner chamfer, the chamfer is in the shape of an isosceles triangle, and the upper rectangular microstrip patch and the lower rectangular microstrip patch are in the same shape.

Furthermore, a feed-in opening is formed on the lower dielectric plate 2.

Compared with the background art, the utility model has the advantages that:

1. the utility model discloses set up 1 part of wide angle radiation microstrip patch antenna, this antenna is circular polarization antenna form, and it comprises radiation layer 1, feed network layer 2, back of the body chamber layer 3, radio frequency connector 4, can produce high-quality circular polarization directional beam in the wide band, and it is less than 3dB axial ratio bandwidth and is greater than 27.5%, and the standing wave bandwidth that is less than 2 is greater than 25%, and 3dB axial ratio beam width is greater than 100.

2. The utility model discloses an antenna structure is simple, compact, and can satisfy the wide angle circular polarization radiation requirement of broadband, and this antenna satisfies the little size requirement of electricity simultaneously, can regard as phased array antenna's radiating element.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the layered structure of the antenna of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the upper dielectric plate of the antenna of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the antenna lower layer structure of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic wavelength diagram of the feed port of the lower dielectric plate of the antenna of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a graph of the standing wave of the antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a wide aspect ratio directional diagram of the present invention;

description of reference numerals:

the antenna comprises an upper-layer dielectric plate 1, a lower-layer dielectric plate 2, a radio frequency connector 3, a parasitic radiation rectangular patch 4, an upper rectangular micro-strip patch 5 and a lower rectangular micro-strip patch 6.

Side length a, microstrip patch side length b, isosceles triangle c, waist length d, width W, height H, and geometric center distance p between feed point and rectangular microstrip patch

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, fig. 4 the utility model discloses wide angle radiation microstrip patch antenna it is by upper dielectric plate 1, lower floor dielectric plate 2, radio frequency connector 3, parasitic radiation rectangle paster 4, its characterized in that:

the upper dielectric plate 1 is made of microwave printed board material FR4, and has a positive direction sheet structure, a thickness of 1mm, a dielectric constant of 4.4, an upper rectangular microstrip patch 5 coated and carved on the lower surface, a side length of 0.28 lambda, a central frequency point corresponding to the working wavelength of the antenna, a corner cutting treatment is performed, the cut part is an isosceles triangle structure, and a waist length c of 0.04 lambda₀The upper surface of the upper dielectric plate 1 is not coated with a copper layer;

the lower dielectric plate 2 is arranged right below the upper dielectric plate 1, the microwave printed board material is TLX-8, is of a positive direction sheet structure, has the thickness of 1mm and the dielectric constant of 2.55, the upper surface is coated with a lower rectangular microstrip patch 6, the circular polarization design is realized by adopting a corner cut mode in the same way, and the side length is 0.34 lambda₀Cutting corners, wherein the cut part is in isosceles triangle structure, and the waist length d is 0.05 lambda₀。

Four parasitic radiation rectangular patches 4 are arranged on four sides of the lower rectangular microstrip patch 6 in a rotational symmetry manner, the plane where the parasitic radiation rectangular patches 4 are located is perpendicular to the plane where the lower dielectric slab 2 is located, the parasitic radiation rectangular patches 4 are made of copper sheet structures and are 2mm thick, any two of the lower rectangular microstrip patches 6 are right opposite to corner chamfers, the chamfers are isosceles triangles, and the upper rectangular microstrip patch and the lower rectangular microstrip patch are identical in shape.

The lower rectangular microstrip patch is opposite to the upper rectangular microstrip patch.

The parasitic radiation rectangular patch 4 is a metal sheet body, is arranged between the dielectric plate 1 and the lower layer dielectric 2, and has a long edge extendingThe extending direction is right-angled to the plane of the dielectric plate, one end of the dielectric plate is in welding electric contact with the square patch 5, and the other end of the dielectric plate is in contact with the upper dielectric plate 1 for supporting; in order to satisfy the design of the antenna for widening a beam and the design of broadband impedance matching, the electrical size of the antenna is limited to 0.15 λ₀Height L is 0.25 lambda₀Therefore, the physical support between the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate of the antenna is formed, and the design of a wide beam of a radiation pattern of the antenna is realized.

The coaxial connector 3 is fed and connected on the lower layer printed board, the outer conductor is welded on the metal ground 7, the inner conductor is welded on the square radiation patch 6, a feed-in opening is arranged on the lower layer medium board 2, and the distance p between the feed-in opening and the geometric center of the square radiation patch 5 is 0.13 lambda₀The connecting line of the geometric center points of the feed-in opening and the square patch 6 is vertical to the side of the square, and the connector 3 is used as an external element for inputting and outputting signals.

The utility model discloses the theory of operation as follows: when the antenna transmits signals, the transmitter transmits the signals, the signals are input into the radio frequency connector 3, the signals generate resonance signals in a radiator constructed by the square patch 6 and the four parasitic radiation rectangular patches 4, the resonance signals are coupled to the square patch 5 arranged on the lower surface of the upper dielectric plate 1 through air, secondary electromagnetic resonance is generated, currents distributed on the square patch are distributed in an antinode mode, boundary conditions of strong radiation of electromagnetic waves are met, and the signals are finally radiated to a free space.

As shown in the figure, the provided wide-angle radiation microstrip patch antenna comprises a lower dielectric plate 2 and an upper dielectric plate 1, wherein the upper dielectric plate 1 is positioned right above the lower dielectric plate 2, and a communication cavity filled with air is formed between the upper dielectric plate 1 and the lower dielectric plate 2;

The lower rectangular microstrip patch and the upper rectangular microstrip patch are microsstrip patch patches.

When the antenna receives signals, circularly polarized electromagnetic waves generate resonance on the square patch 5, are coupled to a radiator constructed by the square patch 6 and the four parasitic radiation rectangular patches 4 through an air medium, realize secondary resonance on the electromagnetic signals through the square patch 6 to meet the receiving of strongest signals, and finally, energy is gathered at the feed point position of the connector 3 and is transmitted to a receiver through the radio frequency connector 3.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a wide angle radiation microstrip patch antenna, includes lower floor dielectric plate (2), its characterized in that: the air-filled communication cavity is characterized by further comprising an upper dielectric plate (1), wherein the upper dielectric plate (1) is positioned right above the lower dielectric plate (2), and a communication cavity filled with air is formed between the upper dielectric plate (1) and the lower dielectric plate (2);

the upper surface of the lower dielectric plate (2) is provided with a lower rectangular microstrip patch, four parasitic radiation rectangular patches (4) extending upwards are uniformly distributed on the lower rectangular microstrip patch, and the parasitic radiation rectangular patches (4) are electrically connected with the side edges of the lower rectangular microstrip patch.

2. The wide angle radiating microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the parasitic radiation rectangular patch (4) is a metal sheet body.

3. The wide angle radiating microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the plane of the parasitic radiation rectangular patch (4) is vertical to the plane of the lower dielectric plate (2).

4. The wide angle radiating microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein: an upper rectangular microstrip patch (5) is arranged on the upper surface of the upper dielectric plate (1), and the lower rectangular microstrip patch is opposite to the upper rectangular microstrip patch.

5. The wide angle radiating microstrip patch antenna according to claim 4, wherein: any two of the lower rectangular micro-strip patches (6) are opposite to the corner chamfers, the chamfers are isosceles triangles, and the upper rectangular micro-strip patches and the lower rectangular micro-strip patches are identical in shape.

6. The wide angle radiating microstrip patch antenna according to claim 4, wherein: the lower dielectric plate (2) is provided with a feed-in opening.