CN210604509U - Ultrasonic detection wedge block for improving effective coverage range of ultrasonic probe sound field - Google Patents
Ultrasonic detection wedge block for improving effective coverage range of ultrasonic probe sound field Download PDFInfo
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- CN210604509U CN210604509U CN201921288159.2U CN201921288159U CN210604509U CN 210604509 U CN210604509 U CN 210604509U CN 201921288159 U CN201921288159 U CN 201921288159U CN 210604509 U CN210604509 U CN 210604509U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an ultrasonic detection wedge block for improving the effective coverage area of an ultrasonic probe sound field, which comprises a working surface and a connecting surface, wherein the working surface and the connecting surface are positioned on the positive side and the negative side; the ascending surface of the ladder is obliquely arranged, so that the direction of the ultrasonic probe for transmitting the sound beam can be changed, and the oblique incidence of ultrasonic waves to the workpiece can be realized; the plurality of serrated steps can divide a single acoustic beam emitted by the ultrasound probe into a plurality of acoustic beams. The utility model also provides a method for improving the effective coverage area of the sound field of the ultrasonic probe, which is to attach the ultrasonic detection wedge block above the ultrasonic probe; the ultrasonic detection wedge block is used for dividing the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic probe into a plurality of sound beams, and the workpiece is detected. The utility model discloses can increase the effective coverage of ultrasonic probe sound field, improve detected signal's uniformity.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an ultrasonic inspection field, concretely relates to method and ultrasonic testing voussoir that promote effective coverage in ultrasonic probe sound field.
Background
In ultrasonic nondestructive testing, the consistency of a test signal is one of the most important indexes of test equipment. During automatic detection, the detection capability of each ultrasonic probe to the same defect is different due to the spatial position, the performance of the probe and other reasons, so that the energy of the detection signal is inconsistent, the energy of the detection signal directly reflects the size information of the defect, and the inconsistency of the detection signal directly influences the evaluation of the defect. Therefore, it is very important to improve the signal consistency of the detection equipment, which generally needs to be controlled within 2dB in the automatic ultrasonic detection, and the equipment performance can be improved by one level.
An important measure for improving the consistency of the detection signals of the equipment is to increase the effective coverage range of the sound field of the probe. The effective coverage range of the sound field of the probe is related to factors such as the shape and the size of the piezoelectric wafer, and the effective coverage range of the sound field of the ultrasonic probe with fixed parameters is difficult to increase.
In addition, in the existing ultrasonic flaw detection equipment, an ultrasonic straight probe is usually required to be obliquely placed to complete oblique incidence of ultrasonic waves, an auxiliary structure for assisting the oblique incidence of the ultrasonic straight probe is required to be designed, the mechanical structure is complex, and the detection process is complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to overcome the not enough of existence among the prior art, provide a method for promoting the effective coverage of ultrasonic probe sound field to and the ultrasonic testing voussoir of adoption, to a fixed parameter's ultrasonic probe, can effectively increase the effective coverage of its sound field, be particularly useful for simplifying mechanical structure and detection technology among pipe, the automatic detection of board class part supersound, improve detected signal's uniformity. The utility model adopts the technical proposal that:
a method for improving the effective coverage range of an ultrasonic probe sound field comprises the following steps:
step S1, attaching an ultrasonic detection wedge block above an ultrasonic probe;
step S2, dividing the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic probe by using the ultrasonic detection wedge block to form a plurality of sound beams, and detecting the workpiece;
and step S3, the ultrasonic probe and the ultrasonic detection wedge block move transversely relative to the workpiece, and the ultrasonic probe receives echo signals to detect defects in the workpiece.
Further, the divided acoustic beams are redirected and obliquely incident on the workpiece.
Further, the energy of the plurality of divided acoustic beams is the same.
The parameters of the ultrasonic detection wedge block comprise the overall size, the number of steps, wedge block materials, a working surface gradient angle α and whether a working surface is focused or not, the overall size of the ultrasonic detection wedge block is determined according to the size of an ultrasonic probe, the number of steps of the ultrasonic detection wedge block is determined according to the energy of an ultrasonic sound beam and the signal-to-noise ratio of a received signal, on the premise that the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal is met, ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic probe are segmented as much as possible, the wedge block materials are selected according to the type of a coupling agent, the working surface gradient angle α is determined according to the coupling agent, the wedge block materials and the incident angle of the ultrasonic waves incident to a workpiece, whether the working surface is focused or not is determined according to the focusing.
Further, the detection process of the defects by the plurality of sound beams is as follows:
(1) in the moving process of the ultrasonic probe, detecting the defect by a first sound beam close to the defect to obtain a defect signal;
(2) the ultrasonic probe continues to move, and the plurality of sound beams simultaneously detect the defects to obtain a plurality of defect signals corresponding to the plurality of sound beams; the multiple sound beams play a leading role one by one, and the defect signals corresponding to the sound beams sequentially reach the maximum amplitude;
(3) the ultrasonic probe continues to move until the last acoustic beam detects the defect, and a defect signal is obtained.
An ultrasonic detection wedge block comprises a working surface and a connecting surface which are positioned on the front side and the back side,
the working surface of the ultrasonic detection wedge block comprises one or more sawtooth-shaped steps, the ascending surface of each step is a focusing surface or a plane, and the descending surface is a plane; the ascending surface of the ladder is obliquely arranged, so that the direction of the ultrasonic probe for transmitting the sound beam can be changed, and the oblique incidence of ultrasonic waves to the workpiece can be realized;
the plurality of zigzag steps can divide a single sound beam emitted by the ultrasonic probe into a plurality of sound beams;
the connecting surface is provided with a connecting mechanism so as to attach the ultrasonic detection wedge connecting surface to the ultrasonic probe.
Furthermore, the connecting mechanism of the connecting surface comprises two positioning bosses which are in interference fit with the ultrasonic probe to fix the ultrasonic detection wedge block.
Further, the working surface of the ultrasonic detection wedge comprises a plurality of steps, the projections of the ascending surface of the ultrasonic detection wedge on the ultrasonic transducer elements of the ultrasonic probe are the same, and the same projection area ensures that the energy of the plurality of divided sound beams is the same.
Furthermore, the included angle between the ascending surface and the descending surface is 80-100 degrees.
Furthermore, the working surface of the ultrasonic detection wedge is divided into steps in the whole width direction, or the width direction is divided into a plurality of parts, and the steps are respectively divided.
Further, the slope angle α of the ascending surface of the step is calculated according to equation (1):
wherein β is the incident angle of the ultrasonic wave incident into the workpiece, v1Is the speed of sound, v, in the ultrasonic test wedge2Is the speed of sound in water.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses specially design for improving ultrasonic testing signal uniformity and simplifying mechanical structure and detection technology, effectively increased a fixed parameter ultrasonic probe's effective coverage. Aiming at ultrasonic probes with different sizes and different excitation signals, the most suitable number of steps is selected, and the effective coverage range of the sound field of the ultrasonic probe is improved on the basis of ensuring the signal-to-noise ratio of the signals; under the condition that the ultrasonic straight probe is vertically placed, the oblique incidence of ultrasonic waves is realized. The utility model discloses a stairstepping ultrasonic testing voussoir design is novel, processing equipment is convenient, convenient to use, has effectively increased ultrasonic probe's effective coverage, is particularly useful for simplifying mechanical structure and detection technology in pipe, the automatic detection of board class part supersound, improves the uniformity of detected signal.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a general schematic diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2A is a graph of a defect signal using a single step ultrasonic inspection wedge.
FIG. 2B is a graph of a defect signal using two-step ultrasound to inspect wedges.
FIG. 2C is a graph of a defect signal using a three-step ultrasonic inspection wedge.
Fig. 3A is a schematic diagram of the effective coverage of an ultrasonic probe using a single-step ultrasonic inspection wedge.
Fig. 3B is a schematic diagram of the effective coverage of an ultrasonic probe using a two-step ultrasonic inspection wedge.
Fig. 3C is a schematic diagram of the effective coverage of an ultrasonic probe using a three-step ultrasonic inspection wedge.
Fig. 4A is a schematic diagram of a process of detecting a flaw on a workpiece by using an inclination angle of an ultrasonic straight probe in the prior art.
Fig. 4B is the process schematic diagram of the stepped ultrasonic detection wedge participating in the flaw detection of the workpiece of the present invention.
Fig. 5A is a schematic view of the stepped ultrasonic detection wedge structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5B is the utility model discloses cascaded ultrasonic testing voussoir focus face structural schematic.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the projection of the stepped ultrasonic detection wedge on the transducer element of the ultrasonic probe according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of several different embodiments of the stepped ultrasonic detection wedge according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following specific drawings and examples.
The utility model provides a method for promoting effective coverage of ultrasonic probe sound field, include:
step S1, determining parameters of an ultrasonic detection wedge block according to the structural size of the ultrasonic probe and the material of the coupling agent, wherein the ultrasonic detection wedge block is attached above the ultrasonic probe;
step S2, dividing the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic probe by using the ultrasonic detection wedge block to form a plurality of sound beams, and detecting the workpiece;
step S3, the ultrasonic probe and the ultrasonic detection wedge block move transversely relative to the workpiece, and the ultrasonic probe receives echo signals to detect defects in the workpiece;
in some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of divided acoustic beams are incident obliquely to the workpiece;
in some embodiments of the present invention, the energy of the plurality of divided sound beams is the same;
the method can effectively enlarge the effective coverage range of the sound field of an ultrasonic probe with fixed parameters, is particularly suitable for simplifying the mechanical structure and the detection process in the ultrasonic automatic detection of pipe and plate parts, and improves the consistency of detection signals.
The parameters of the ultrasonic detection wedge block comprise the overall size, the number of steps, wedge block materials, a working surface slope angle α and whether a working surface is focused or not, wherein the overall size of the ultrasonic detection wedge block is determined according to the size of an ultrasonic probe, the number of the steps of the ultrasonic detection wedge block is determined according to the energy of ultrasonic sound beams (the energy of a single sound beam before being divided or the total energy of each sound beam after being divided) and the signal-to-noise ratio of a received signal, the larger the energy of the ultrasonic sound beams is, the more the number of the sound beams can be divided, but the worse the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal is, so that the ultrasonic waves transmitted by the ultrasonic probe are divided as much as possible on the premise of meeting the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal, the wedge block materials are selected according to the type of a coupling agent, when the coupling agent is water, the ultrasonic detection wedge block is made of industrial nondestructive ultrasonic detection wedge block, can be made of organic glass, polyimide, polystyrene, acrylic resin, organic fluorescent glass and the like, the working surface slope angle α is determined according to the focusing condition of the working surface is determined;
the material, size, shape and the like of the ultrasonic detection wedge block can be selected according to the ultrasonic probes with different sizes and shapes and the coupling agents made of different materials, so that the detection accuracy is improved, and meanwhile, the universality is wide.
The two-step ultrasonic detection wedge 2 in the figure 1 is taken as an embodiment, the model of an ultrasonic probe 1 is 5P8 multiplied by 15Z, a coupling agent 4 is water, the size of the connecting surface of the ultrasonic detection wedge 2 is determined to be the same as that of the probe 1, the number of steps is two, the material of the ultrasonic detection wedge 2 is organic glass, the gradient angle α of a working surface is 35.5 degrees, and the working surface is focused.
In the embodiment, ultrasonic waves emitted by an ultrasonic probe 1 pass through a two-step ultrasonic detection wedge 2, the propagation direction of the acoustic beam is changed, the single acoustic beam is divided into two acoustic beams 51 and 52, the ultrasonic waves reach a workpiece 3 through coupling agent water 4, and the workpiece 3 is simultaneously detected by the two acoustic beams; the detection process of the defects by the two sound beams is as follows:
(1) in the moving process of the ultrasonic probe, the defect is detected by the sound beam 51 close to the defect to obtain a defect signal;
(2) the ultrasonic probe continues to move, the two sound beams simultaneously detect the defects to obtain two defect signals, namely a large defect signal and a small defect signal, as shown in fig. 2B, at this time, the sound beam 51 plays a leading role, and the defect signal obtained by the sound beam 51 is large;
the ultrasonic probe continues to move, the two sound beams simultaneously detect the defects to obtain two defect signals, namely a large defect signal and a small defect signal, at the moment, the sound beam 52 plays a leading role, and the defect signals obtained by the sound beam 52 are large;
(3) the ultrasonic probe continues to move and the defect is detected by the acoustic beam 52, resulting in a defect signal.
In the process, the defect signals corresponding to the sound beams sequentially reach the maximum amplitude;
in this embodiment, the relationship between the positions of the two-step ultrasonic detection wedge 2 and the ultrasonic probe 1 and the amplitude of the defect signal is shown in fig. 3B, which is a double-peak curve representing that two sound beams respectively play a leading role in defect detection;
in other embodiments, the relationship between the position of the single-step ultrasonic detection wedge 2 and the ultrasonic probe 1 and the amplitude of the defect signal is shown in fig. 3A, and the single-peak curve represents that only one sound beam plays a role in defect detection;
in other embodiments, the relationship between the positions of the three-step ultrasonic detection wedge 2 and the ultrasonic probe 1 and the amplitude of the defect signal is shown in fig. 3C, which is a trimodal curve representing that three sound beams respectively play a dominant role in defect detection;
in the above embodiments, the effective coverage area of the sound field of the ultrasonic probe using the single-step ultrasonic detection wedge is 3.7mm, the effective coverage area of the sound field of the ultrasonic probe using the two-step ultrasonic detection wedge is 4.4mm, and the effective coverage area of the sound field of the ultrasonic probe using the three-step ultrasonic detection wedge is 5.7 mm; calculating the coverage range according to the abscissa corresponding to the defect signal part above the 2dB line (2 dB below the maximum amplitude); the multi-step ultrasonic detection wedge block is used, so that the effective coverage area of the ultrasonic probe is effectively enlarged;
it can be found from fig. 3B and 3C that the larger the number of steps, the more the wave trough of the curve relating the positions of the ultrasonic detection wedge and the ultrasonic probe to the amplitude of the defect signal moves upward, and theoretically, if the number of steps of the ultrasonic detection wedge is sufficient, the energy of the sound beam is large enough, and the signal-to-noise ratio is good enough, the wave trough of the curve can reach over 2db, and the effective coverage reaches the maximum at this time.
In addition, the more steps of the ultrasonic detection wedge block, the lower the energy of the divided sound beam, the worse the signal to noise ratio, on the premise of meeting the signal to noise ratio of the received signal, the more ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic probe are divided as much as possible, and the effective coverage range of the ultrasonic probe is effectively enlarged;
by using the method of the utility model, the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic probe passes through the ultrasonic detection wedge block, the propagation direction of the acoustic beam is changed, and meanwhile, the single acoustic beam is divided into a plurality of acoustic beams and reaches the workpiece, thereby effectively increasing the effective coverage area of the ultrasonic probe;
when the ultrasonic probe 1 is an ultrasonic straight probe, as shown in fig. 4A, in the conventional water immersion ultrasonic flaw detection method, the ultrasonic straight probe 1 needs to be tilted by a certain angle to complete the oblique incidence of ultrasonic waves, and an auxiliary mechanical structure needs to be manufactured separately to realize the tilting of the ultrasonic straight probe, so that the mechanical structure is complex and the detection process is complicated; as shown in fig. 4B, the ultrasonic detection wedge 2 of the present invention can be used to vertically place the ultrasonic straight probe 1, and the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic straight probe 1 passes through the ultrasonic detection wedge 2 to change the propagation direction of the sound beam 5, so that the ultrasonic wave having the same effect as the inclined probe can be obliquely incident; ultrasonic waves reach the surface of the workpiece 3 through the coupling agent water 4, waveform conversion is completed in the workpiece, transverse wave detection is realized, and a mechanical structure and a detection process are simplified;
as shown in fig. 5A, the present invention provides an ultrasonic testing wedge 2, the shape of the working surface above the ultrasonic testing wedge 2 includes a plurality of zigzag steps, the plurality of steps divide the single sound beam emitted by the ultrasonic probe into a plurality of sound beams, and change the direction of the sound beams, the rising surface 21 of each step is a focusing surface (as shown in fig. 5B) or a plane, and the falling surface 22 is a plane; the ascending surface 21 of the ladder is obliquely arranged, so that the direction of the ultrasonic probe for transmitting the sound beam can be changed; the lower connecting surface is provided with two positioning bosses 23 which are in interference fit with the ultrasonic probe 1 to fix the ultrasonic detection wedge block 2, and the connecting surface of the ultrasonic detection wedge block 2 is attached to the ultrasonic probe 1 (as shown in fig. 6);
the working surface of the ultrasonic detection wedge block 2 can be provided with one step, and the ultrasonic detection wedge block working surface with the structure can change the direction of an ultrasonic probe for transmitting a sound beam;
the included angle between the ascending surface 21 and the descending surface 22 is 80-100 degrees, if the included angle is too small, the sound wave of the ascending surface of the next step is transmitted out and possibly touches the descending surface of the previous step, and ultrasonic disorder is caused; if the included angle is too large, the effective area of the later step rising surface is wasted; the included angle between the ascending surface 21 and the descending surface 22 is preferably 90 degrees, that is, the ascending surface 21 and the descending surface 22 are perpendicular to each other;
in other embodiments, the connecting surface of the ultrasonic detection wedge block 2 can be designed into a sleeve shape and sleeved on the ultrasonic probe 1;
the ascending surface of the ultrasonic detection wedge block step can change the direction of the ultrasonic probe for transmitting the sound beam, and the gradient angle α is calculated according to the formula (1):
wherein β is the incident angle of the ultrasonic wave incident into the workpiece, v1Is the speed of sound, v, in the ultrasonic test wedge2Is the speed of sound in water;
in one embodiment, the ultrasonic testing wedge is made of organic glass, the incident angle β of ultrasonic waves entering the workpiece is 18.5 degrees, and the speed of sound v in the ultrasonic testing wedge is12692m/s, speed of sound in water v2Is 1473m/s, and the gradient angle of the working surface is 35.5 degrees;
as shown in fig. 6, the projections of the rising surface 21 of the ultrasonic detection wedge 2 on the piezoelectric wafer 11 of the ultrasonic probe 1 are the same, and the same projection area ensures that the energy of the plurality of divided acoustic beams is the same; the ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic probe can adopt a piezoelectric wafer 11, or an existing magnetostrictive transducer, etc.;
FIG. 7 illustrates several stepped ultrasonic testing wedge embodiments, wherein the dividing step can be divided in the whole width direction, or divided into several parts in the width direction, such as the last step in FIG. 7; aiming at the ultrasonic probes with different sizes and different excitation signals, the most suitable number of steps is selected, and the effective coverage range of the sound field of the ultrasonic probe is improved on the basis of ensuring the signal-to-noise ratio of the signals.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An ultrasonic detection wedge block for improving the effective coverage range of an ultrasonic probe sound field comprises a working surface and a connecting surface which are positioned on the front side and the back side, and is characterized in that,
the working surface of the ultrasonic detection wedge block comprises one or more sawtooth-shaped steps, the ascending surface of each step is a focusing surface or a plane, and the descending surface is a plane; the ascending surface of the ladder is obliquely arranged, so that the direction of the ultrasonic probe for transmitting the sound beam can be changed, and the oblique incidence of ultrasonic waves to the workpiece can be realized;
the plurality of zigzag steps can divide a single sound beam emitted by the ultrasonic probe into a plurality of sound beams;
the connecting surface is provided with a connecting mechanism so as to attach the ultrasonic detection wedge connecting surface to the ultrasonic probe.
2. The ultrasonic detection wedge block for improving the effective coverage of an ultrasonic probe sound field according to claim 1,
the connecting mechanism of the connecting surface comprises two positioning bosses which are in interference fit with the ultrasonic probe to fix the ultrasonic detection wedge block.
3. The ultrasonic detection wedge block for improving the effective coverage of an ultrasonic probe sound field according to claim 1,
the working surface of the ultrasonic detection wedge comprises a plurality of steps, the projections of the ascending surface of the ultrasonic detection wedge on the ultrasonic energy conversion element of the ultrasonic probe are the same, and the same projection area ensures that the energy of a plurality of divided sound beams is the same.
4. The ultrasonic detection wedge block for improving the effective coverage of an ultrasonic probe sound field according to claim 1,
the included angle between the ascending surface and the descending surface is 80-100 degrees.
5. The ultrasonic detection wedge block for improving the effective coverage of an ultrasonic probe sound field according to claim 1,
the working surface of the ultrasonic detection wedge block is divided into steps in the whole width direction, or the width direction is divided into a plurality of parts to respectively divide the steps.
6. The ultrasonic detection wedge block for improving the effective coverage of an ultrasonic probe sound field according to claim 1,
the slope angle α of the step rise surface is calculated according to equation (1):
wherein β is the incident angle of the ultrasonic wave incident into the workpiece, v1Is the speed of sound, v, in the ultrasonic test wedge2Is the speed of sound in water.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110320275A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-10-11 | 华中科技大学无锡研究院 | Promote the method and ultrasound detection voussoir of ultrasonic probe sound field effective coverage range |
| CN112729176A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-04-30 | 河南理工大学 | Ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for detecting length of anchor rod in different media |
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2019
- 2019-08-09 CN CN201921288159.2U patent/CN210604509U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110320275A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-10-11 | 华中科技大学无锡研究院 | Promote the method and ultrasound detection voussoir of ultrasonic probe sound field effective coverage range |
| CN112729176A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-04-30 | 河南理工大学 | Ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for detecting length of anchor rod in different media |
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